CN112755557B - Falling film evaporation device and separation method thereof - Google Patents
Falling film evaporation device and separation method thereof Download PDFInfo
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- CN112755557B CN112755557B CN202110169191.4A CN202110169191A CN112755557B CN 112755557 B CN112755557 B CN 112755557B CN 202110169191 A CN202110169191 A CN 202110169191A CN 112755557 B CN112755557 B CN 112755557B
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- 238000001704 evaporation Methods 0.000 title claims abstract description 192
- 230000008020 evaporation Effects 0.000 title claims abstract description 181
- 238000000926 separation method Methods 0.000 title claims abstract description 97
- 239000011552 falling film Substances 0.000 title claims abstract description 42
- 239000000463 material Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 156
- 239000007788 liquid Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 120
- 238000010926 purge Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 58
- 238000010408 sweeping Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 23
- 239000007789 gas Substances 0.000 claims description 119
- IJGRMHOSHXDMSA-UHFFFAOYSA-N Atomic nitrogen Chemical compound N#N IJGRMHOSHXDMSA-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 64
- 125000002485 formyl group Chemical class [H]C(*)=O 0.000 claims description 43
- 229910052757 nitrogen Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 32
- 238000007664 blowing Methods 0.000 claims description 27
- 238000000034 method Methods 0.000 claims description 26
- 239000000203 mixture Substances 0.000 claims description 22
- 238000004891 communication Methods 0.000 claims description 12
- 230000000903 blocking effect Effects 0.000 claims description 8
- 239000011159 matrix material Substances 0.000 claims description 6
- 239000011344 liquid material Substances 0.000 claims 2
- 239000010408 film Substances 0.000 abstract description 19
- 239000007791 liquid phase Substances 0.000 abstract description 16
- 230000000694 effects Effects 0.000 abstract description 10
- 230000015572 biosynthetic process Effects 0.000 abstract description 4
- 239000000126 substance Substances 0.000 description 12
- 238000010276 construction Methods 0.000 description 2
- 238000001816 cooling Methods 0.000 description 2
- 239000000498 cooling water Substances 0.000 description 2
- 238000007599 discharging Methods 0.000 description 2
- 239000002253 acid Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000003513 alkali Substances 0.000 description 1
- 230000009286 beneficial effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 239000011248 coating agent Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000000576 coating method Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000007797 corrosion Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000005260 corrosion Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000007547 defect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000010586 diagram Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000005485 electric heating Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000010438 heat treatment Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000005192 partition Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000012071 phase Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000006467 substitution reaction Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000010409 thin film Substances 0.000 description 1
Classifications
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B01—PHYSICAL OR CHEMICAL PROCESSES OR APPARATUS IN GENERAL
- B01D—SEPARATION
- B01D1/00—Evaporating
- B01D1/22—Evaporating by bringing a thin layer of the liquid into contact with a heated surface
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B01—PHYSICAL OR CHEMICAL PROCESSES OR APPARATUS IN GENERAL
- B01D—SEPARATION
- B01D1/00—Evaporating
- B01D1/0082—Regulation; Control
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B01—PHYSICAL OR CHEMICAL PROCESSES OR APPARATUS IN GENERAL
- B01D—SEPARATION
- B01D1/00—Evaporating
- B01D1/30—Accessories for evaporators ; Constructional details thereof
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B01—PHYSICAL OR CHEMICAL PROCESSES OR APPARATUS IN GENERAL
- B01D—SEPARATION
- B01D1/00—Evaporating
- B01D1/30—Accessories for evaporators ; Constructional details thereof
- B01D1/305—Demister (vapour-liquid separation)
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B01—PHYSICAL OR CHEMICAL PROCESSES OR APPARATUS IN GENERAL
- B01D—SEPARATION
- B01D19/00—Degasification of liquids
- B01D19/02—Foam dispersion or prevention
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- Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
- Chemical Kinetics & Catalysis (AREA)
- Dispersion Chemistry (AREA)
- Vaporization, Distillation, Condensation, Sublimation, And Cold Traps (AREA)
Abstract
The invention provides a falling film evaporation device and a separation method thereof, wherein the falling film evaporation device comprises a shell, the shell is internally and sequentially divided into a feeding area and an evaporation area which are mutually independent from top to bottom, the bottom of the feeding area is provided with a distribution assembly, the distribution assembly comprises a gas distributor and a material distributor which are sequentially arranged from top to bottom, and at least one evaporation pipe is arranged in the evaporation area; the material enters the evaporation tube through the material distributor, and the sweeping medium is blown into the evaporation tube through the gas distributor to carry out the gas evaporated by the material. According to the invention, the material entering the evaporation tube is purged through the purging medium, so that on one hand, the effect of liquid phase film formation of the material on the inner wall of the evaporation tube can be enhanced through the purging medium, and on the other hand, the gas evaporated from the material can be rapidly brought out through the purging medium, so that the device is suitable for liquid phase feeding and gas-liquid feeding, and has the characteristics of simple structure, high separation efficiency, good stability, strong applicability and the like.
Description
Technical Field
The invention belongs to the technical field of separation, relates to a falling film evaporation device, and particularly relates to a falling film evaporation device and a separation method thereof.
Background
The falling film evaporator is widely used, a distributor is arranged in the falling film evaporator, the liquid is uniformly distributed on each evaporation pipe by the distributor, the liquid flows in a film shape from top to bottom in the evaporation pipes, in the flowing process, the liquid is heated and gasified by a heating medium, and generated steam and unvaporized liquid phase enter a separation device to be separated. The falling film evaporator mainly utilizes a thin film evaporation mechanism. The evaporator has the characteristics of low evaporation temperature, high evaporation speed and short residence time.
However, the existing falling film evaporator has the phenomenon of uneven material liquid distribution, and is difficult to achieve the evaporation effect for the medium which is difficult to evaporate partially, and is mostly suitable for liquid phase feeding, and is also difficult to separate materials of gas-liquid mixed phases.
CN105126368a discloses a falling film evaporator, which comprises a closed shell, wherein the shell is divided into four areas from top to bottom by an upper end plate, a middle end plate and a lower end plate in sequence, namely a feeding area, an evaporation area, a cooling area and a discharging area; a feed inlet is formed in the side wall of the shell positioned in the feed zone, a discharge outlet is formed in the side wall of the shell positioned in the discharge zone, and a symmetrical cooling water inlet and a symmetrical cooling water outlet are formed in the side wall of the shell positioned in the cooling zone; a plurality of heat exchange tubes are vertically arranged in the shell, the top ends of the heat exchange tubes penetrate through the upper end plate and are positioned in the feeding area, the bottom ends of the heat exchange tubes penetrate through the lower end plate and are positioned in the discharging area, and the outer walls of the heat exchange tubes positioned in the evaporation area are coated with an electric heating coating. The invention can meet the severe working conditions such as high temperature, high pressure, strong acid and alkali corrosion and the like, but has the problems of uneven material distribution and influence on separation efficiency.
CN106267869a discloses a side-feed falling film evaporator comprising: the evaporator comprises a shell, a tube plate, an evaporation tube and a liquid supply device, wherein the tube plate is arranged at the upper part of the shell; the evaporation tubes are vertically arranged in the shell, and the upper ends of the evaporation tubes penetrate through the tube plate; the upper end of the evaporation tube is provided with a flow guiding device; the liquid supply device comprises a liquid inlet tank and a branch feeding pipe, wherein the liquid inlet tank is vertically arranged at the upper part of the outer wall of the shell and surrounds the whole shell, a plurality of branch feeding ports are uniformly formed in the liquid inlet tank, the branch feeding ports are arranged on the upper side wall of the liquid inlet tank, the lower end of the branch feeding pipe vertically penetrates through the branch feeding ports to extend into the liquid inlet tank, and the lower end of the branch feeding pipe is close to the bottom of the liquid inlet tank; the shell is provided with a plurality of overflow channels communicated with the liquid inlet groove. The invention has large liquid flow, and is operated and maintained, but the problems of liquid film disturbance and influence on separation efficiency cannot be avoided for gas-liquid mixture.
The existing falling film evaporation device has the problems that the material distribution is uneven, the liquid film is unstable and the like, so that the falling film evaporation device is guaranteed to have the advantages of being simple in structure, capable of guaranteeing that the material distribution is even, the liquid film is stable, high in separation efficiency and the like, and the existing falling film evaporation device is urgent to solve.
Disclosure of Invention
Aiming at the defects of the prior art, the invention aims to provide a falling film evaporation device and a separation method thereof, which are suitable for gas-liquid feeding, utilize a distribution component to distribute a sweeping medium and materials, and introduce the sweeping medium into an evaporation pipe to promote the film formation of feed liquid, can effectively promote the evaporation of difficult-to-evaporate medium, and have the characteristics of simple structure, good separation efficiency, strong applicability and the like.
To achieve the purpose, the invention adopts the following technical scheme:
In a first aspect, the invention provides a falling film evaporation device, which comprises a shell, wherein the shell is internally and sequentially divided into a feeding area and an evaporation area which are mutually independent from top to bottom, the bottom of the feeding area is provided with a distribution assembly, the distribution assembly comprises a gas distributor and a material distributor which are sequentially arranged from top to bottom, and at least one evaporation pipe is arranged in the evaporation area; the material enters the evaporation tube through the material distributor, and the sweeping medium is blown into the evaporation tube through the gas distributor to carry out the gas evaporated by the material.
According to the invention, the gas distributor and the material distributor are arranged to respectively distribute the sweeping medium and the material, so that the material and the sweeping medium are uniformly dispersed, and the sweeping medium is used for sweeping the material entering the evaporation tube, so that on one hand, the effect of liquid phase film forming of the material on the inner wall of the evaporation tube can be enhanced through the sweeping medium, on the other hand, the sweeping medium reduces the partial pressure of the evaporating medium in the material, and the gas evaporated from the material can be quickly brought out through the sweeping medium, thereby effectively improving the evaporation and separation efficiency of the device, being suitable for not only liquid phase feeding but also gas-liquid feeding.
As a preferable technical scheme of the invention, the gas distributor comprises a separation disc, and at least ten gas distribution pipes are vertically inserted on the separation disc.
Preferably, the separation disc is provided with at least one communication hole.
According to the invention, the communicating holes are formed in the separation plate, so that the upper space and the lower space of the separation plate are communicated, when materials exist in the upper space of the separation plate, the materials in the upper space of the separation plate can flow into the material distributor through the communicating holes, the materials are prevented from gathering, and the pressure of the upper space and the pressure of the lower space are balanced.
Preferably, the air distribution pipes are arranged in any one or a combination of at least two of matrix arrangement, concentric circle arrangement or staggered matrix arrangement on the separation disc.
Preferably, the axis of the gas distribution pipe coincides with the axis of the evaporation pipe.
According to the invention, the axis of the gas distribution pipe is overlapped with the axis of the evaporation pipe, and the blowing medium is blown into the evaporation pipe after being distributed through the gas distribution pipe, so that the liquid phase film forming effect of the material is effectively improved.
Preferably, the inner diameter of the gas distribution pipe is 10 to 100mm, for example, 10mm, 20mm, 30mm, 40mm, 50mm, 60mm, 70mm, 80mm, 90mm or 100mm, and more preferably 40 to 70mm.
Preferably, the distribution assembly further comprises a gas rectifier located above the gas distributor.
As a preferable technical scheme of the invention, the material distributor comprises a distributor upper plate and a distributor lower plate, a distribution cavity is formed between the distributor upper plate and the distributor lower plate, and the gas distribution pipe penetrates through the distributor upper plate and stretches into the distribution cavity.
Preferably, at least one liquid distribution hole is uniformly formed in the upper plate of the distributor, and the liquid distribution holes and the air distribution pipes are distributed in a staggered mode.
Preferably, the diameter of the liquid separation hole is 3 to 20mm, for example, 3mm, 4mm, 6mm, 8mm, 10mm, 12mm, 14mm, 16mm, 18mm or 20mm, and more preferably 4 to 8mm.
Preferably, the evaporation tubes pass through the distributor lower plate.
The evaporation tube passes through the lower distributor plate, i.e. the top end of the evaporation tube protrudes from the lower distributor plate.
As a preferable technical scheme of the invention, the top of the shell where the feeding zone is located is provided with an air inlet, and the side wall of the shell where the feeding zone is located is provided with at least one feeding hole.
Preferably, a downcomer is arranged below the feed inlet, and the downcomer is connected between the separation disc and the material distributor.
Preferably, the downcomer is disposed against the inner wall of the housing.
As a preferable technical scheme of the invention, a liquid baffle plate is arranged in the shell at the position of the feed inlet, and the material flows into the downcomer after being blocked by the liquid baffle plate.
Preferably, the liquid baffle is L-shaped, and the edge of the short side of the liquid baffle is connected with the pipe orifice of the downcomer.
Preferably, the number of the feeding holes is two, and the feeding holes are symmetrically arranged.
As a preferred technical scheme of the invention, the evaporation tube is vertically arranged in the evaporation zone.
Preferably, the evaporation tube has an inner diameter of 25 to 100mm, for example, 25mm, 30mm, 35mm, 40mm, 45mm, 50mm, 55mm, 60mm, 65mm, 70mm, 75mm, 80mm, 85mm, 90mm, 95mm or 100mm, and more preferably 50 to 70mm.
Preferably, a heat exchange inlet and a heat exchange outlet are formed in the shell where the evaporation zone is located.
Preferably, the heat exchange inlet is positioned at the bottom of the shell where the evaporation zone is positioned, and the heat exchange outlet is arranged at the top of the shell where the evaporation zone is positioned.
Preferably, at least two baffle plates are arranged in the shell where the evaporation zone is located in a staggered manner from top to bottom, and the evaporation pipe penetrates through the baffle plates.
Preferably, the form of the baffle comprises any one or a combination of at least two of a single-hole baffle, a double-arch baffle, a triple-arch baffle, a circular-ring baffle or a rectangular baffle.
In the evaporation zone, heat exchange medium is injected into the shell where the evaporation zone is located through the heat exchange inlet and the heat exchange outlet to perform heat exchange evaporation on materials in the evaporation tube, and the flow of the heat exchange medium in the shell is increased through the arrangement of the baffle plate, so that the heat exchange effect is enhanced.
As a preferable technical scheme of the invention, the bottom of the shell is also connected with a separating device, and the discharged material in the evaporating pipe enters the separating device.
Preferably, a heat exchanger is arranged in the separation device at the bottom.
The heat exchanger is arranged in the separating device, so that the temperature of the liquid phase in the separating device can be reduced through the heat exchanger when heat-sensitive substances are treated.
Preferably, a demister is arranged in the separation device at the top.
Preferably, the housing and the separating device are of unitary construction.
In a second aspect, the present invention provides a method for separating materials using a falling film evaporation apparatus as described in the first aspect, the separation method comprising:
The material flows along the inner wall of the evaporating pipe after being distributed by the material distributor, and is subjected to heat exchange evaporation, and the sweeping medium is blown into the evaporating pipe after being distributed by the gas distributor, so that the gas evaporated by the material is swept and separated.
As a preferred technical scheme of the invention, the separation method specifically comprises the following steps:
The material enters the shell from the feed inlet, flows into the downcomer after being blocked by the liquid blocking plate, falls into the material distributor from the downcomer, and falls into the distribution cavity after being distributed by the liquid distributing holes of the upper plate of the distributor;
(II) a purging medium enters the shell from the air inlet, is rectified by the gas rectifier, enters the gas distribution pipe, is blown into the evaporation pipe from the gas distribution pipe, flows along the inner wall of the evaporation pipe, performs heat exchange evaporation, and enters the evaporation pipe to purge and separate the gas evaporated from the material;
and (III) the sweeping medium and the separated materials enter a separation device, and the separated gas is discharged after passing through a demister.
As a preferable technical scheme of the invention, the material is in a liquid state or a gas-liquid mixed state.
Preferably, the purge medium is in a gaseous or gas-liquid mixture.
Preferably, in the step (II), the blowing speed of the blowing medium in the gas distribution pipe is 3 to 10m/s, for example, 3.0m/s, 3.5m/s, 4.0m/s, 4.5m/s, 5.0m/s, 5.5m/s, 6.0m/s, 6.5m/s, 7.0m/s, 7.5m/s, 8.0m/s, 8.5m/s, 9.0m/s, 9.5m/s or 10.0m/s.
The blowing speed of the blowing medium is controlled to be 3-10 m/s, so that the blowing medium can not only stabilize a liquid film, but also effectively carry away evaporated gas; if the blowing speed is lower than 3m/s, the liquid film cannot be effectively maintained stable, and the separation efficiency is lowered; if the blowing speed is higher than 10m/s, the speed of the blowing medium is too high, so that the liquid film structure can be damaged, the separation efficiency of the device is low, and even the separation cannot be realized.
It should be noted that, the present invention does not specifically require or specifically limit the gaseous substances in the purging medium, and the gaseous substances are gases that do not react with and dissolve the material, and may be used in the present invention, and those skilled in the art may reasonably select the gaseous substances in the purging medium according to the material properties, for example, the gaseous substances in the purging medium are nitrogen.
It should be noted that, the blowing speed of the blowing medium is not particularly limited and is not particularly limited in the present invention, and a person skilled in the art may reasonably select the blowing speed of the blowing medium according to the properties of the material, such as viscosity, so that the material in the evaporation tube flows as a liquid film.
The invention has no specific requirement and special limitation on the temperature and pressure of heat exchange evaporation, the temperature and pressure of heat exchange evaporation are related to the composition of materials, and the temperature and pressure of heat exchange evaporation can be reasonably selected by a person skilled in the art according to the properties of the materials.
The numerical ranges recited herein include not only the above-listed point values, but also any point values between the above-listed numerical ranges that are not listed, and are limited in space and for the sake of brevity, the present invention is not intended to be exhaustive of the specific point values that the stated ranges include.
Compared with the prior art, the invention has the beneficial effects that:
According to the invention, the gas distributor and the material distributor are arranged to respectively distribute the sweeping medium and the material, so that the material and the sweeping medium are uniformly dispersed, the sweeping medium is used for sweeping the material entering the evaporating pipe, on one hand, the effect of liquid phase film forming of the material on the inner wall of the evaporating pipe can be enhanced through the sweeping medium, on the other hand, the sweeping medium reduces the partial pressure of the evaporating medium in the material, and the gas evaporated from the material can be quickly brought out through the sweeping medium, thereby effectively improving the evaporation and separation efficiency of the device, being suitable for liquid phase feeding and gas-liquid feeding, and the separation rate can reach more than 90% in a preferred range.
Drawings
Fig. 1 is a schematic structural diagram of a falling film evaporation device according to an embodiment of the present invention.
Wherein, 1-air inlet; 2-a feed inlet; 3-a liquid baffle; 4-gas rectifier; 5-gas distributor; 6-down-comer; 7-a material distributor; 8-separating discs; 9-evaporating pipes; 10-a heat exchange outlet; 11-a heat exchange inlet; 12-a demister; 13-a separation device; 14-a heat exchanger; 15-baffles.
Detailed Description
It is to be understood that in the description of the present invention, the terms "center", "longitudinal", "lateral", "upper", "lower", "front", "rear", "left", "right", "vertical", "horizontal", "top", "bottom", "inner", "outer", etc. indicate orientations or positional relationships based on the drawings, are merely for convenience in describing the present invention and simplifying the description, and do not indicate or imply that the devices or elements referred to must have a specific orientation, be configured and operated in a specific orientation, and thus are not to be construed as limiting the present invention.
It should be noted that, in the description of the present invention, unless explicitly specified and limited otherwise, the terms "disposed," "connected," and "connected" are to be construed broadly, and may be, for example, fixedly connected, detachably connected, or integrally connected; can be mechanically or electrically connected; can be directly connected or indirectly connected through an intermediate medium, and can be communication between two elements. The specific meaning of the above terms in the present invention can be understood by those of ordinary skill in the art in a specific case.
The technical scheme of the invention is further described by the following specific embodiments.
In a specific embodiment, the invention provides a falling film evaporation device, as shown in fig. 1, which comprises a shell, wherein the shell is internally and sequentially divided into a feeding area and an evaporation area which are mutually independent from top to bottom, the bottom of the feeding area is provided with a distribution assembly, the distribution assembly comprises a gas distributor 5 and a material distributor 7 which are sequentially arranged from top to bottom, and at least one evaporation pipe 9 is arranged in the evaporation area; the material enters the evaporation tube 9 through the material distributor 7, and the sweeping medium is blown into the evaporation tube 9 through the gas distributor 5 to carry out the gas evaporated from the material.
According to the invention, the gas distributor 5 and the material distributor 7 are arranged to respectively distribute the purging medium and the material, so that the material and the purging medium are uniformly dispersed, and the purging medium is used for purging the material entering the evaporation tube 9, so that on one hand, the effect of liquid phase film formation of the material on the inner wall of the evaporation tube 9 can be enhanced through the purging medium, on the other hand, the partial pressure of the material in the evaporation tube 9 is reduced through the purging medium, and the gas evaporated from the material can be quickly brought out through the purging medium, thereby effectively improving the evaporation and separation efficiency of the device, being suitable for not only liquid phase feeding but also gas-liquid feeding.
Further, the distribution assembly further comprises a gas rectifier 4 positioned above the gas distributor 5, the gas distributor 5 comprises a separation disc 8, at least ten gas distribution pipes are vertically inserted into the separation disc 8, and the inner diameter of each gas distribution pipe is 10-100 mm, and more preferably 40-70 mm. The partition plate 8 is provided with at least one communication hole. According to the invention, the upper space and the lower space of the separation disc 8 are communicated by arranging the communication holes on the separation disc 8, and when materials exist in the upper space of the separation disc 8, the materials in the upper space of the separation disc 8 can flow into the material distributor 7 through the communication holes, so that the materials are prevented from gathering. Further, the air distribution pipes are arranged in any one of matrix, concentric circle or staggered matrix on the separation disc 8 or the combination of at least two of them. The axis of the air distribution pipe coincides with the axis of the evaporation pipe 9. According to the invention, the axis of the gas distribution pipe is overlapped with the axis of the evaporation pipe 9, and the blowing medium is blown into the evaporation pipe 9 after being distributed through the gas distribution pipe, so that the liquid phase film forming effect of the material is effectively improved.
Further, the material distributor 7 comprises a distributor upper plate and a distributor lower plate, a distribution cavity is formed between the distributor upper plate and the distributor lower plate, and a gas distribution pipe penetrates through the distributor upper plate and extends into the distribution cavity.
Further, at least one liquid distributing hole is uniformly formed in the upper plate of the distributor, and the liquid distributing holes and the air distribution pipes are distributed in a staggered mode. The diameter of the liquid separation hole is 3 to 20mm, more preferably 4 to 8mm. Still further, evaporation tubes 9 pass through the distributor lower plate.
Further, an air inlet 1 is formed in the top of the shell where the feeding area is located, and at least one feeding hole 2 is formed in the side wall of the shell where the feeding area is located. A downcomer 6 is arranged below the feed inlet 2 and clung to the inner wall of the shell, and the downcomer 6 is connected between the separation disc 8 and the material distributor 7.
Further, a liquid baffle 3 in an L shape is arranged in the shell and positioned at the position of the feed inlet 2, and the material flows into the downcomer 6 after being blocked by the liquid baffle 3. The short edge of the liquid baffle 3 is connected with the pipe orifice of the downcomer 6. Further, the number of the feeding holes 2 is two, and the feeding holes 2 are symmetrically arranged.
Further, the evaporation tube 9 is vertically disposed in the evaporation zone, and the inside diameter of the evaporation tube 9 is 25 to 100mm, more preferably 50 to 70mm. The shell where the evaporation zone is located is provided with a heat exchange inlet 11 and a heat exchange outlet 10. The heat exchange inlet 11 is positioned at the bottom of the shell where the evaporation zone is positioned, and the heat exchange outlet 10 is arranged at the top of the shell where the evaporation zone is positioned. Further, at least two baffle plates 15 are arranged in the shell where the evaporation zone is located in a staggered manner from top to bottom, and the evaporation tubes 9 penetrate through the baffle plates 15. The form of the baffle 15 includes any one or a combination of at least two of a single hole-shaped baffle, a double-arch-shaped baffle, a triple-arch-shaped baffle, a circular-ring-shaped baffle or a rectangular baffle.
In the evaporation zone, heat exchange medium is injected into the shell where the evaporation zone is located through the heat exchange inlet 11 and the heat exchange outlet 10 to perform heat exchange evaporation on materials in the evaporation tube 9, and the flow of the heat exchange medium in the shell is increased through the baffle plate 15, so that the heat exchange effect is enhanced.
Further, the bottom of the shell is also connected with a separating device 13, and the discharged materials in the evaporating pipe 9 enter the separating device 13. Still further, a demister 12 is arranged in the separation device 13 at the top, and a heat exchanger 14 is arranged in the separation device 13 at the bottom. In the present invention, the heat exchanger 14 is provided in the separator 13, so that the temperature of the liquid phase in the separator 13 can be reduced by the heat exchanger 14 when the heat-sensitive substances are treated.
Alternatively, the housing is of unitary construction with the separating apparatus 13.
In another embodiment, the invention provides a method for separating materials by adopting the falling film evaporation device, wherein the separation method specifically comprises the following steps:
The materials enter the shell from the feed inlet 2, flow into the downcomer 6 after being blocked by the liquid blocking plate 3, fall onto the material distributor 7 from the downcomer 6, and fall into the distribution cavity from the liquid distributing holes of the upper plate of the distributor;
(II) a purging medium enters the shell from the air inlet 1, is rectified by the gas rectifier 4, enters the gas distribution pipe, is blown into the evaporation pipe 9 by the gas distribution pipe, has the blowing speed of 3-10 m/s, flows along the inner wall of the evaporation pipe 9, performs heat exchange evaporation, and enters the evaporation pipe 9 to purge and separate the gas evaporated by the material;
and (III) the sweeping medium and the separated materials enter a separation device 13, and the separated gas is discharged after passing through a demister 12.
Further, the materials are in a liquid state or a gas-liquid mixed state; the purging medium is in a gaseous state or a gas-liquid mixed state.
Example 1
The embodiment provides a falling film evaporation device, which is based on the falling film evaporation device in a specific implementation mode, wherein the number of air distribution pipes is 152, the inner diameter is 50mm, and 4 communication holes are formed in a separation disc 8; the evaporation tube 9 has an inner diameter of 60mm and the baffle 15 is a single arcuate baffle. The diameter of the liquid separation hole is 6mm.
The embodiment also provides a separation method for separating aldehyde-containing materials by adopting the falling film evaporation device, which specifically comprises the following steps:
Liquid aldehyde-containing material with the flow rate of 3000kg/h enters the shell from the feed inlet 2, flows into the downcomer 6 after being blocked by the liquid blocking plate 3, falls into the material distributor 7 from the downcomer 6, and falls into the distribution cavity after being distributed by the liquid distributing holes of the upper plate of the distributor;
(II) a gaseous purging medium with the flow rate of 12000kg/h enters the shell through the air inlet 1, the purging medium comprises nitrogen, the nitrogen enters the gas distribution pipe after being rectified by the gas rectifier 4, the nitrogen is blown into the evaporation pipe 9 through the gas distribution pipe, the blowing speed of the purging medium in the gas distribution pipe is 4m/s, the material flows along the inner wall of the evaporation pipe 9, heat exchange evaporation is carried out, the temperature of the heat exchange evaporation is 100 ℃, and the nitrogen enters the evaporation pipe 9 to purge and separate material aldehyde evaporated from the material;
(III) the nitrogen mixed with the substance aldehyde and the separated material enter a separation device 13, and the separated gas is discharged after passing through a demister 12.
The concentrations of the gas and liquid aldehydes in the separation device 13 were analyzed, respectively, and the removal rate of aldehydes in the material was calculated to be 92%.
Example 2
The embodiment provides a falling film evaporation device, which is based on the falling film evaporation device in a specific implementation mode, wherein the number of gas distribution pipes is 10, the inner diameter is 40mm, and 1 communication hole is formed in a separation disc 8; the evaporation tube 9 has an inner diameter of 50mm and the baffle 15 is a double-arcuate baffle. The diameter of the liquid separation hole is 4mm.
The embodiment also provides a separation method for separating aldehyde-containing materials by adopting the falling film evaporation device, which specifically comprises the following steps:
The mixed-state aldehyde-containing material with the flow rate of 200kg/h enters the shell from the feed inlet 2, flows into the downcomer 6 after being blocked by the liquid blocking plate 3, falls into the material distributor 7 from the downcomer 6, and falls into the distribution cavity after being distributed by the liquid distributing holes of the upper plate of the distributor;
(II) a gaseous purging medium with the flow rate of 600kg/h enters the shell through the air inlet 1, the purging medium comprises nitrogen, the nitrogen enters the gas distribution pipe after being rectified by the gas rectifier 4, the nitrogen is blown into the evaporation pipe 9 through the gas distribution pipe, the blowing speed of the purging medium in the gas distribution pipe is 5m/s, the material flows along the inner wall of the evaporation pipe 9 to perform heat exchange evaporation, the temperature of the heat exchange evaporation is 100 ℃, and the nitrogen enters the evaporation pipe 9 to purge and separate material aldehyde evaporated from the material;
(III) the nitrogen mixed with the substance aldehyde and the separated material enter a separation device 13, and the separated gas is discharged after passing through a demister 12.
The concentrations of the gas and liquid aldehydes in the separation device 13 were analyzed, respectively, and the removal rate of aldehydes in the material was calculated to be 93%.
Example 3
The embodiment provides a falling film evaporation device, which is based on the falling film evaporation device in a specific implementation mode, wherein the number of air distribution pipes is 60, the inner diameter is 60mm, and 3 communication holes are formed in a separation disc 8; the inner diameter of the evaporation tube 9 is 70mm, and the baffle plate 15 is a circular baffle plate. The diameter of the liquid separation hole is 8mm.
The embodiment also provides a separation method for separating aldehyde-containing materials by adopting the falling film evaporation device, which specifically comprises the following steps:
The liquid aldehyde-containing material with the flow rate of 2300kg/h enters the shell from the feed inlet 2, flows into the downcomer 6 after being blocked by the liquid blocking plate 3, falls into the material distributor 7 from the downcomer 6, and falls into the distribution cavity after being distributed by the liquid distributing holes of the upper plate of the distributor;
A gas-liquid mixed state purging medium with the flow rate of 9000kg/h enters the shell from the gas inlet 1, the purging medium comprises nitrogen, the flow rate of the nitrogen is 8000kg/h, the nitrogen enters a gas distribution pipe after being rectified by the gas rectifier 4, the gas is blown into the evaporation pipe 9 by the gas distribution pipe, the blowing speed of the purging medium in the gas distribution pipe is 6m/s, the material flows along the inner wall of the evaporation pipe 9 for heat exchange and evaporation, the temperature of the heat exchange and evaporation is 100 ℃, and the nitrogen enters the evaporation pipe 9 to purge and separate material aldehyde evaporated from the material;
(III) the nitrogen mixed with the substance aldehyde and the separated material enter a separation device 13, and the separated gas is discharged after passing through a demister 12.
The concentrations of the gas and liquid aldehydes in the separation device 13 were analyzed, respectively, and the removal rate of aldehydes in the material was calculated to be 94%.
Example 4
The embodiment provides a falling film evaporation device, which is based on the falling film evaporation device in a specific implementation mode, wherein the number of air distribution pipes is 80, the inner diameter is 70mm, and 4 communication holes are formed in a separation disc 8; the inner diameter of the evaporation tube 9 is 80mm, and the baffle plate 15 is a circular baffle plate. The diameter of the liquid separation hole is 3mm.
The embodiment also provides a separation method for separating aldehyde-containing materials by adopting the falling film evaporation device, which specifically comprises the following steps:
liquid aldehyde-containing material with the flow rate of 3600kg/h enters the shell from the feed inlet 2, flows into the downcomer 6 after being blocked by the liquid blocking plate 3, falls into the material distributor 7 from the downcomer 6, and falls into the distribution cavity after being distributed by the liquid distributing holes of the upper plate of the distributor;
a gas-liquid mixed state purging medium with the flow rate of 16000kg/h enters the shell from the gas inlet 1, the purging medium comprises nitrogen, the flow rate of the nitrogen is 14000kg/h, the nitrogen enters the gas distribution pipe after being rectified by the gas rectifier 4, the gas is blown into the evaporation pipe 9 by the gas distribution pipe, the blowing speed of the purging medium in the gas distribution pipe is 4m/s, the material flows along the inner wall of the evaporation pipe 9 for heat exchange and evaporation, the temperature of the heat exchange and evaporation is 100 ℃, and the nitrogen enters the evaporation pipe 9 to purge and separate the material aldehyde evaporated from the material;
(III) the nitrogen mixed with the substance aldehyde and the separated material enter a separation device 13, and the separated gas is discharged after passing through a demister 12.
The concentrations of the gas and liquid aldehydes in the separation device 13 were analyzed, respectively, and the removal rate of aldehydes in the material was calculated to be 91%.
Example 5
The embodiment provides a falling film evaporation device, which is based on the falling film evaporation device in a specific implementation mode, wherein the number of gas distribution pipes is 100, the inner diameter is 30mm, and 5 communication holes are formed in a separation disc 8; the inner diameter of the evaporation tube 9 is 40mm, and the baffle plate 15 is a circular baffle plate. The diameter of the liquid separation hole is 20mm.
The embodiment also provides a separation method for separating aldehyde-containing materials by adopting the falling film evaporation device, which specifically comprises the following steps:
The liquid aldehyde-containing material with the flow rate of 2300kg/h enters the shell from the feed inlet 2, flows into the downcomer 6 after being blocked by the liquid blocking plate 3, falls into the material distributor 7 from the downcomer 6, and falls into the distribution cavity after being distributed by the liquid distributing holes of the upper plate of the distributor;
A gas-liquid mixed state purging medium with the flow rate of 9000kg/h enters the shell from the gas inlet 1, the purging medium comprises nitrogen, the flow rate of the nitrogen is 8000kg/h, the nitrogen enters a gas distribution pipe after being rectified by the gas rectifier 4, the gas is blown into the evaporation pipe 9 by the gas distribution pipe, the blowing speed of the purging medium in the gas distribution pipe is 10m/s, the material flows along the inner wall of the evaporation pipe 9 for heat exchange and evaporation, the temperature of the heat exchange and evaporation is 100 ℃, and the nitrogen enters the evaporation pipe 9 to purge and separate material aldehyde evaporated from the material;
(III) the nitrogen mixed with the substance aldehyde and the separated material enter a separation device 13, and the separated gas is discharged after passing through a demister 12.
The concentrations of the gas and liquid aldehydes in the separation device 13 were analyzed, respectively, and the removal rate of aldehydes in the material was calculated to be 92%.
Example 6
The embodiment provides a falling film evaporation device, which is based on the falling film evaporation device in a specific implementation mode, wherein the number of gas distribution pipes is 50, the inner diameter is 25mm, and 4 communication holes are formed in a separation disc 8; the inner diameter of the evaporation tube 9 is 30mm, and the baffle plate 15 is a circular baffle plate. The diameter of the liquid separation hole is 3mm.
The embodiment also provides a separation method for separating aldehyde-containing materials by adopting the falling film evaporation device, which specifically comprises the following steps:
the liquid aldehyde-containing material with the flow rate of 230kg/h enters the shell from the feed inlet 2, flows into the downcomer 6 after being blocked by the liquid baffle plate 3, falls into the material distributor 7 from the downcomer 6, and falls into the distribution cavity after being distributed by the liquid distribution holes of the upper plate of the distributor;
(II) a gaseous purging medium with the flow rate of 800kg/h enters the shell from the air inlet 1, the purging medium comprises nitrogen, the nitrogen enters the gas distribution pipe after being rectified by the gas rectifier 4, the nitrogen is blown into the evaporation pipe 9 by the gas distribution pipe, the blowing speed of the purging medium in the gas distribution pipe is 3m/s, the material flows along the inner wall of the evaporation pipe 9 for heat exchange evaporation, the temperature of the heat exchange evaporation is 105 ℃, and the nitrogen enters the evaporation pipe 9 to purge and separate material aldehyde evaporated from the material;
(III) the nitrogen mixed with the substance aldehyde and the separated material enter a separation device 13, and the separated gas is discharged after passing through a demister 12.
The concentrations of the gas and liquid aldehydes in the separation device 13 were analyzed, respectively, and the removal rate of aldehydes in the material was calculated to be 90%.
Example 7
The present embodiment provides a separation method for separating aldehyde-containing materials by using the falling film evaporation device described in embodiment 1, wherein the difference from embodiment 1 is that the blowing speed of the purge medium in the gas distribution pipe is 2m/s.
The concentrations of the gas and liquid aldehydes in the separation device 13 were analyzed, respectively, and the removal rate of aldehydes in the material was calculated to be 85%.
Example 8
The present example provides a separation method for separating aldehyde-containing materials by using the falling film evaporation device described in example 1, wherein the difference from example 1 is that the blowing-out speed of the purge medium in the gas distribution pipe is 12m/s.
The concentrations of the gas and liquid aldehydes in the separation device 13 were analyzed, respectively, and the removal rate of aldehydes in the material was calculated to be 87%.
In example 1, compared with examples 7 and 8, the removal rate of example 1 is higher than that of examples 7 and 8, and thus it is apparent that the purge medium can not only stabilize the liquid film but also effectively carry away the evaporated gas by controlling the blowing speed of the purge medium to 3 to 10 m/s; if the blowing speed is lower than 3m/s, the liquid film cannot be effectively maintained stable, and the separation efficiency is lowered; if the blowing speed is higher than 10m/s, the speed of the blowing medium is too high, so that the liquid film structure can be damaged, the separation efficiency of the device is low, and even the separation cannot be realized.
According to the embodiment, the gas distributor 5 and the material distributor 7 are arranged to respectively distribute the purging medium and the material, so that the material and the purging medium are uniformly dispersed, and the purging medium is used for purging the material entering the evaporation tube 9, so that on one hand, the effect of liquid phase film formation of the material on the inner wall of the evaporation tube 9 can be enhanced through the purging medium, on the other hand, the gas evaporated from the material can be quickly brought out through the purging medium, the evaporation separation efficiency of the device is effectively improved, the device is not only suitable for liquid phase feeding, but also suitable for gas-liquid feeding, and in a preferred range, the separation rate can reach more than 90%.
The applicant declares that the above is only a specific embodiment of the present invention, but the scope of the present invention is not limited thereto, and it should be apparent to those skilled in the art that any changes or substitutions that are easily conceivable within the technical scope of the present invention disclosed by the present invention fall within the scope of the present invention and the disclosure.
Claims (23)
1. The separation method is characterized in that the falling film evaporation device comprises a shell, wherein the shell is internally and sequentially divided into a feeding area and an evaporation area which are mutually independent from top to bottom, a distribution assembly is arranged at the bottom of the feeding area and comprises a gas distributor and a material distributor which are sequentially arranged from top to bottom, and at least one evaporation pipe is arranged in the evaporation area;
The gas distributor comprises a separation disc, at least ten gas distribution pipes are vertically inserted into the separation disc, at least one communication hole is formed in the separation disc, the axis of each gas distribution pipe is overlapped with the axis of each evaporation pipe, the inner diameter of each gas distribution pipe is 10-100 mm, and the inner diameter of each evaporation pipe is 25-100 mm;
The material distributor comprises a distributor upper plate and a distributor lower plate, a distribution cavity is formed between the distributor upper plate and the distributor lower plate, the gas distribution pipe penetrates through the distributor upper plate and stretches into the distribution cavity, the evaporation pipe penetrates through the distributor lower plate, at least one liquid distribution hole is uniformly formed in the distributor upper plate, and the liquid distribution holes and the gas distribution pipe are distributed in a staggered mode;
The separation method comprises the following steps: the material flows along the inner wall of the evaporating pipe after being distributed by the material distributor, heat exchange evaporation is carried out, a purging medium is blown into the evaporating pipe after being distributed by the gas distributor, gas evaporated by the material is purged and separated, the blowing speed of the purging medium in the gas distribution pipe is 3-10 m/s, the purging medium comprises nitrogen, and the material is aldehyde-containing material.
2. The method for separating gas-liquid mixture according to claim 1, wherein the gas distribution pipes are arranged in any one of a matrix arrangement, a concentric circle arrangement or a staggered matrix arrangement or a combination of at least two of them on the separation plate.
3. The method for separating a gas-liquid mixture according to claim 1, wherein the gas distribution pipe has an inner diameter of 40 to 70mm.
4. The method of claim 1, wherein the distribution assembly further comprises a gas rectifier positioned above the gas distributor.
5. The method for separating a gas-liquid mixture according to claim 1, wherein the diameter of the liquid separation hole is 3-20 mm.
6. The method for separating a gas-liquid mixture according to claim 5, wherein the diameter of the liquid separation hole is 4-8 mm.
7. The method for separating a gas-liquid mixture according to claim 4, wherein the top of the housing where the feeding area is located is provided with an air inlet, and the side wall of the housing where the feeding area is located is provided with at least one feeding port.
8. The method for separating mixed gas and liquid materials according to claim 7, wherein downcomers are arranged below the feeding holes, and the downcomers are connected between the separation disc and the material distributor.
9. The method for separating mixed gas and liquid materials according to claim 8, wherein the downcomer is closely attached to the inner wall of the shell.
10. The method for separating gas-liquid mixture according to claim 9, wherein a liquid baffle is disposed in the housing at the position of the feed inlet, and the material flows into the downcomer after being blocked by the liquid baffle.
11. The method for separating a gas-liquid mixture according to claim 10, wherein the liquid baffle has an L-shape, and the short edge of the liquid baffle is connected to the orifice of the downcomer.
12. The method for separating gas-liquid mixture according to claim 7, wherein the number of the feed inlets is two, and the feed inlets are symmetrically arranged.
13. The method for separating a gas-liquid mixture according to claim 1, wherein the evaporation tube is vertically disposed in the evaporation zone.
14. The method for separating a gas-liquid mixture according to claim 1, wherein the inner diameter of the evaporation tube is 50-70 mm.
15. The method for separating a gas-liquid mixture according to claim 1, wherein the shell where the evaporation area is located is provided with a heat exchange inlet and a heat exchange outlet.
16. The method for separating a gas-liquid mixture according to claim 15, wherein the heat exchange inlet is located at the bottom of the shell where the evaporation zone is located, and the heat exchange outlet is located at the top of the shell where the evaporation zone is located.
17. The method for separating gas-liquid mixture according to claim 1, wherein at least two baffles are arranged in the shell where the evaporation zone is located in a staggered manner from top to bottom, and the evaporation tubes penetrate through the baffles.
18. The method for separating gas-liquid mixture according to claim 17, wherein the baffle plate comprises any one or a combination of at least two of a single-hole baffle plate, a double-arch baffle plate, a triple-arch baffle plate, a circular-ring baffle plate and a rectangular baffle plate.
19. The method for separating a gas-liquid mixture according to claim 10, wherein a separating device is further connected to the bottom of the housing, and the material discharged from the evaporation tube enters the separating device.
20. The method for separating gas-liquid mixture according to claim 19, wherein a heat exchanger is disposed at the bottom of the separating device.
21. The method for separating gas-liquid mixture according to claim 19, wherein a demister is arranged at the top in the separating device.
22. The method for separating a gas-liquid mixture according to claim 19, wherein the housing and the separating device are integrally formed.
23. The method for separating gas-liquid mixture according to claim 21, wherein the method comprises the steps of:
The material enters the shell from the feed inlet, flows into the downcomer after being blocked by the liquid blocking plate, falls into the material distributor from the downcomer, and falls into the distribution cavity after being distributed by the liquid distributing holes of the upper plate of the distributor;
(II) a purging medium enters the shell from the air inlet, is rectified by the gas rectifier, enters the gas distribution pipe, is blown into the evaporation pipe from the gas distribution pipe, flows along the inner wall of the evaporation pipe, performs heat exchange evaporation, and enters the evaporation pipe to purge and separate the gas evaporated from the material;
and (III) the sweeping medium and the separated materials enter a separation device, and the separated gas is discharged after passing through a demister.
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