CN112753785B - Adjustable water screen type green shaking method and green shaking machine based on planetary motion and universal speed change - Google Patents
Adjustable water screen type green shaking method and green shaking machine based on planetary motion and universal speed change Download PDFInfo
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- CN112753785B CN112753785B CN202110012150.4A CN202110012150A CN112753785B CN 112753785 B CN112753785 B CN 112753785B CN 202110012150 A CN202110012150 A CN 202110012150A CN 112753785 B CN112753785 B CN 112753785B
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- 230000033001 locomotion Effects 0.000 title claims abstract description 27
- 238000000034 method Methods 0.000 title claims abstract description 24
- XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N water Substances O XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 title claims abstract description 19
- 230000007246 mechanism Effects 0.000 claims abstract description 166
- 230000005540 biological transmission Effects 0.000 claims abstract description 144
- 241001122767 Theaceae Species 0.000 claims abstract 6
- 210000000078 claw Anatomy 0.000 claims description 7
- 230000000149 penetrating effect Effects 0.000 claims description 3
- 244000269722 Thea sinensis Species 0.000 description 30
- 235000013616 tea Nutrition 0.000 description 30
- 235000006468 Thea sinensis Nutrition 0.000 description 2
- 238000004519 manufacturing process Methods 0.000 description 2
- 235000020333 oolong tea Nutrition 0.000 description 2
- 235000009024 Ceanothus sanguineus Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- 240000003553 Leptospermum scoparium Species 0.000 description 1
- 235000015459 Lycium barbarum Nutrition 0.000 description 1
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- 238000009510 drug design Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000000694 effects Effects 0.000 description 1
- 239000003205 fragrance Substances 0.000 description 1
- 230000005484 gravity Effects 0.000 description 1
- 235000009569 green tea Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- 230000001360 synchronised effect Effects 0.000 description 1
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- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A23—FOODS OR FOODSTUFFS; TREATMENT THEREOF, NOT COVERED BY OTHER CLASSES
- A23F—COFFEE; TEA; THEIR SUBSTITUTES; MANUFACTURE, PREPARATION, OR INFUSION THEREOF
- A23F3/00—Tea; Tea substitutes; Preparations thereof
- A23F3/06—Treating tea before extraction; Preparations produced thereby
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- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F16—ENGINEERING ELEMENTS AND UNITS; GENERAL MEASURES FOR PRODUCING AND MAINTAINING EFFECTIVE FUNCTIONING OF MACHINES OR INSTALLATIONS; THERMAL INSULATION IN GENERAL
- F16H—GEARING
- F16H57/00—General details of gearing
- F16H57/02—Gearboxes; Mounting gearing therein
- F16H57/021—Shaft support structures, e.g. partition walls, bearing eyes, casing walls or covers with bearings
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- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F16—ENGINEERING ELEMENTS AND UNITS; GENERAL MEASURES FOR PRODUCING AND MAINTAINING EFFECTIVE FUNCTIONING OF MACHINES OR INSTALLATIONS; THERMAL INSULATION IN GENERAL
- F16H—GEARING
- F16H57/00—General details of gearing
- F16H57/02—Gearboxes; Mounting gearing therein
- F16H57/023—Mounting or installation of gears or shafts in the gearboxes, e.g. methods or means for assembly
-
- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F16—ENGINEERING ELEMENTS AND UNITS; GENERAL MEASURES FOR PRODUCING AND MAINTAINING EFFECTIVE FUNCTIONING OF MACHINES OR INSTALLATIONS; THERMAL INSULATION IN GENERAL
- F16H—GEARING
- F16H57/00—General details of gearing
- F16H57/08—General details of gearing of gearings with members having orbital motion
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- H—ELECTRICITY
- H02—GENERATION; CONVERSION OR DISTRIBUTION OF ELECTRIC POWER
- H02K—DYNAMO-ELECTRIC MACHINES
- H02K7/00—Arrangements for handling mechanical energy structurally associated with dynamo-electric machines, e.g. structural association with mechanical driving motors or auxiliary dynamo-electric machines
- H02K7/10—Structural association with clutches, brakes, gears, pulleys or mechanical starters
- H02K7/116—Structural association with clutches, brakes, gears, pulleys or mechanical starters with gears
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- Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
- Food Science & Technology (AREA)
- Polymers & Plastics (AREA)
- Power Engineering (AREA)
- Transmission Devices (AREA)
Abstract
The invention discloses an adjustable water screen type green shaking method and a green shaking machine based on planetary motion and universal speed change. It has become an urgent need to design an artificial rocking machine which can realize speed change and simultaneously rotate and revolve. According to the planetary gear train transmission mechanism, the main shaft drives the lower box body of the transmission mechanism and the upper box body of the transmission mechanism to synchronously rotate, so that the planetary gear and the sun gear are meshed for transmission; the planetary gear makes revolution motion around the main shaft and simultaneously makes autorotation motion around the driven shaft, so that the driven shaft is driven to simultaneously make autorotation and revolution; the driven shaft drives a connecting rod through a cross universal joint, the connecting rod drives the adjustable cradle clamping mechanism and the cradle to synchronously rotate, the cradle not only swings with a conical surface taking the spherical center of the ball bearing as the vertex, but also performs autorotation, and the autorotation rotating speed of the cradle is limited to be within the range of 45 r/min-75 r/min and is changed at any moment; the tea leaves move in three dimensions in the cradle, and the tea leaves are rubbed relatively. The invention improves the rocking efficiency and quality of tea.
Description
Technical Field
The invention belongs to the technical field of agricultural machinery, and particularly relates to an adjustable water screen type green shaking method and a green shaking machine based on planetary motion and universal speed change.
Background
Tea leaves refer to the leaves and shoots of tea trees, generally to the leaves of evergreen shrubs that can be used to make tea.
The tea leaves are subjected to some complicated processes. Shaking green is a characteristic process of the oolong tea, commonly called water removal, and water removal from leaves and stems to leaves brings special orchid fragrance to the oolong tea. The rocking process mainly comprises three-dimensional rocking of tea leaves in a cradle, and relative movement and friction between the tea leaves. The green shaking is carried out for a plurality of times (the time of each time is different, the tea leaves are tender and have water content), the tea leaves are shaken for a few times, and the tea leaves are kept stand for half an hour to 1 hour, then the tea leaves are shaken and then kept stand; the circulation is carried out for 4-8 times, which is the most time-consuming process in the process of manufacturing tea. The traditional manual processing mode is used for shaking tea leaves, so that a great deal of manpower and time are consumed, and efficient and mechanical shaking becomes a necessary trend.
At present, three main modes of shaking green tea in China are as follows: the first is that the manual rocking is mainly carried out on tea leaves with low weight, workers need to shake the tea leaves at the edge and see the tea leaves, and the worker can feel the adjustment of the speed required by the rocking process, but the rocking mode is high in labor intensity, and the manual rocking process is easy to fatigue, so that the rocking efficiency is low, the rocking mode is only suitable for manufacturing high-end tea leaves, and the quantity of the tea leaves is relatively small. The second is that the cylinder shakes blue or green, and this kind of mode is applicable to the batch and shakes blue or green, places tealeaves in the cylinder, and only plane two-dimensional motion is difficult to let tealeaves fully contact friction when tealeaves rolls in the cylinder, and tealeaves of this mode is in a relatively airtight environment, and contact with the air is also less. The third is imitation artificial rocking, when in motion, rotation exists but acceleration and deceleration do not exist, the amplitude of rocking is not adjustable, the relative motion speed between tea leaves is small, the tea leaves cannot be rubbed sufficiently, the rocking efficiency is low, and a large amount of time is wasted.
Therefore, the artificial rocking machine capable of realizing speed change and rotation and revolution simultaneously is designed to be an urgent requirement for development of the tea field in China.
Disclosure of Invention
In order to solve the problems that the manpower consumption is serious during the shaking, or the friction required by the shaking of the existing shaking machine is insufficient and the size of a suitable cradle is single, the invention provides the adjustable water screen type shaking method and the shaking machine based on planetary motion and universal speed change, which replace manual shaking, obviously improve the shaking quality and obtain high-quality tea.
The invention discloses an adjustable water screen type green shaking method based on planetary motion and universal speed change, which comprises the following steps:
step one, fixing a shell of a motor on a frame, wherein an output shaft of the motor is connected with a main shaft of a planetary gear train transmission mechanism through a belt transmission mechanism, the transmission ratio of the belt transmission mechanism is 1, and a driven shaft of the planetary gear train transmission mechanism is fixed with one universal joint fork of a cross universal joint; the other universal joint fork of the cross universal joint is fixed with one end of the connecting rod; the other end of the connecting rod is fixed with the adjustable cradle clamping mechanism; the connecting rod is obliquely arranged, and the middle part of the connecting rod is connected with the frame through a ball bearing; in the planetary gear train transmission mechanism, a sun gear is fixedly connected with a machine frame; the lower box body of the transmission mechanism is fixedly connected with the upper box body of the transmission mechanism; the main shaft is fixedly connected with the upper box body of the transmission mechanism; the main shaft and the driven shaft form a revolute pair with the lower box body of the transmission mechanism; the ball center of the ball bearing is positioned on the central axis extension line of the main shaft; the planetary gear is fixedly connected with the driven shaft and meshed with the sun gear, and the gear ratio of the sun gear to the planetary gear is 1:1.
step two, clamping the cradle through an adjustable cradle clamping mechanism, pouring tea leaves to be processed into the cradle, and setting the rotating speed of the motor to beWherein alpha is the included angle between the connecting rod and the vertical surface, and then starting the motor; the motor drives a main shaft of the planetary gear train transmission mechanism through the belt transmission mechanism; the main shaft drives the lower box body of the transmission mechanism and the upper box body of the transmission mechanism to synchronously rotate, so that the planetary gear and the sun gear are meshed for transmission; the planetary gear makes revolution motion around the main shaft and simultaneously makes autorotation motion around the driven shaft, so that the driven shaft is driven to simultaneously make autorotation and revolution; the driven shaft drives a connecting rod through a cross universal joint, and the connecting rod drives an adjustable cradle clampThe tightening mechanism and the cradle synchronously rotate, and the cradle not only swings with a conical surface taking the spherical center of the ball bearing as a vertex, but also performs autorotation; the tea leaves move in three dimensions in the cradle, and the tea leaves are rubbed relatively; because the included angle between the connecting rod and the vertical surface is alpha, and the cross universal joint is in variable speed transmission, the rotation speed of the adjustable cradle clamping mechanism and the cradle is limited to be in the range of 45 r/min-75 r/min and is changed at any time.
The invention relates to an adjustable water screen type green shaking machine based on planetary motion and universal speed change, which comprises a motor, a belt transmission mechanism, a planetary gear train transmission mechanism, a cross universal joint, a connecting rod, an adjustable cradle clamping mechanism and a cradle, wherein the belt transmission mechanism is arranged on the motor; the shell of the motor is fixed on the frame; the output shaft of the motor is connected with the main shaft of the planetary gear train transmission mechanism through the belt transmission mechanism, and the driven shaft of the planetary gear train transmission mechanism is fixed with one universal joint fork of the cross universal joint; the other universal joint fork of the cross universal joint is fixed with one end of the connecting rod; the other end of the connecting rod is fixed with the adjustable cradle clamping mechanism; the connecting rod is obliquely arranged, and the middle part of the connecting rod is connected with the frame through a ball bearing; the cradle is clamped by an adjustable cradle clamping mechanism.
The planetary gear train transmission mechanism comprises a base, a transmission mechanism upper box body, a transmission mechanism lower box body, a planet wheel, a driven shaft, a main shaft and a sun wheel. The base is fixed on one side of the flange; the flange is fixed on the frame; the lower box body of the transmission mechanism is fixed with the upper box body of the transmission mechanism; the sun gear is arranged in the lower box body of the transmission mechanism and the upper box body of the transmission mechanism, and the hub of the sun gear penetrates out of the lower box body of the transmission mechanism and is fixed with the other side of the flange; the main shaft is supported on the base through a first bearing; the main shaft sequentially passes through the flange, the lower box body of the transmission mechanism, the sun gear and the upper box body of the transmission mechanism and is fixed with the upper box body of the transmission mechanism; the lower box body of the transmission mechanism is supported on the hub of the sun gear through a bearing III; two ends of the driven shaft are respectively supported on the lower box body of the transmission mechanism and the upper box body of the transmission mechanism through a second bearing; the planet wheel is fixed on the driven shaft and meshed with the sun wheel.
Preferably, the ball center of the ball bearing is located on the central axis extension of the spindle.
Preferably, the bearing end cover and the shaft shoulder of the main shaft are axially positioned on the bearing; the bearing end cover is fixed with the base.
Preferably, the external thread on the cylindrical surface of the top end of the main shaft is connected with a round nut, and the round nut compresses the upper box body of the transmission mechanism; an elastic washer is arranged between the round nut and the outer side surface of the upper box body of the transmission mechanism, and the elastic washer is sleeved on the main shaft. The spline shaft sleeve is connected with the spline integrally formed on the main shaft and is fixed with the upper box body of the transmission mechanism.
Preferably, the step on the inner side wall of the lower box body of the transmission mechanism and the shaft shoulder on the sun wheel hub are positioned in the three axial directions of the bearing.
Preferably, one end of the driven shaft extending out of the upper box body of the transmission mechanism is fixed with the cross universal joint through the driven shaft sleeve.
Preferably, the gear ratio of the sun gear to the planet gear is 1:1.
preferably, the adjustable cradle clamping mechanism comprises a connecting rod, a sliding plate, a sliding block, a cradle upper box body, a cradle lower box body, a triangular support frame and a claw; the cradle upper box body is fixed with the cradle lower box body; the connecting rod is fixed with the outer side wall of the cradle lower box body; the mounting shaft is arranged in the cradle upper box body and the cradle lower box body and is fixed with the inner side wall of the cradle lower box body; the triangular support frame is supported on the mounting shaft through a bearing IV; the triangular support frame is provided with three extending rods which are integrally formed and uniformly distributed along the circumferential direction; the end part of the extending rod is provided with a through hole, and a connecting shaft is fixed in the through hole; each connecting shaft is connected with one end of one connecting rod through one joint bearing; the other end of each connecting rod is connected with a boss integrally formed on one sliding block through a joint bearing; the cradle lower box body is provided with an arc-shaped groove, one connecting shaft penetrates out of the cradle lower box body from the arc-shaped groove, and the outer end of the connecting shaft is sleeved with a rubber sleeve; the cradle lower box body is provided with three cantilever beams which are integrally formed and uniformly distributed along the circumferential direction; the cantilever beam is provided with a sliding block track, a connecting rod swinging cavity and a sliding plate track; the top surface of the slide block track is communicated with the bottom surface of the connecting rod swinging cavity, and the top surface of the connecting rod swinging cavity is communicated with the bottom surface of the slide plate track; each sliding block and a sliding block track of one cantilever beam form a sliding pair, and a boss of each sliding block is fixed with one sliding plate; each sliding plate and a sliding plate track of one cantilever beam form a sliding pair; the connecting rod passes through the connecting rod swinging cavity; the bottom of a sliding block track of one cantilever beam is provided with a linear groove, and a threaded hole formed in a sliding block on the sliding block track is connected with a butterfly bolt penetrating through the linear groove; the jaw track arranged at the outer end of the sliding plate on one cantilever beam and the jaw form a sliding pair and are connected with the jaw through a spring; the outer ends of the sliding plates on the other two cantilever beams are respectively fixed with one claw.
Preferably, the rotational speed of the motor is designed as follows:
due to the angular velocity w of the connecting rod 3 Angular velocity w with adjustable cradle clamping mechanism 4 Equal, then:
w 3 ＝w 4 (1)
when the driven shaft at angular velocity w 2 During rotation, the angular velocity w of the connecting rod is driven by the speed change of the cross universal joint 3 At w 2 cosα～w 2 And (c) periodically changing within the range of cos alpha, wherein alpha is the included angle between the connecting rod and the vertical plane.
The gear ratio of the sun gear and the planet gear is designed to be 1:1, calculating the rotation speed ratio of the driven shaft to the main shaft to be 2, thereby obtaining the angular speed w of the main shaft 1 The method comprises the following steps:
the transmission ratio of the belt transmission mechanism is designed to be 1, and the rotation angular speed w of the motor is obtained 0 The method comprises the following steps:
w 0 ＝w 1 (3)
the combination formula (1), the formula (2) and the formula (3) are obtained
And then obtain
The rotation speed of the adjustable cradle clamping mechanism is set to be 45 r/min-75 r/min, the value of the included angle alpha between the connecting rod and the vertical surface is set, the rotation speed range of the motor is obtained, and the rotation speed of the motor is set in the rotation speed range of the motor.
The invention has the following beneficial effects:
1. the invention adopts a mode of serial connection of planetary gear transmission and universal joint transmission, wherein a sun wheel is fixed in the planetary gear transmission, a sun wheel and a planet wheel are round gears with the number of teeth of 1:1, a planet carrier (composed of an upper box body of a transmission mechanism and a lower box body of the transmission mechanism) is used as a power input component, so that the planet wheel rotates and rotates in a revolution way, the rotation is transmitted to a cradle through the universal joint, and finally the cradle is not only in conical surface swing but also in rotation, and the friction and rocking efficiency of tea are greatly improved.
2. The invention skillfully combines the planetary gear transmission and the universal joint speed change mechanism with an angle, so that the whole transmission part has compact structure and small occupied space.
3. The cradle adopts the mode that the ball bearing and the main shaft are coaxial, so that fluctuation and clamping are avoided when the cradle moves in a conical surface, and the stability of the structure is enhanced.
4. The three crank slide block mechanisms synchronously move, so that synchronous extension and retraction of the three slide plates are ensured when the triangular support frame rotates, the butterfly bolts are used for limiting, the stability of the gravity center of the cradle is ensured, and the cradle with a certain diameter can be applied to the cradle.
6. According to the invention, the clamping jaw is combined with the spring, so that the rapid placing and taking-out of the cradle can be realized by pulling the clamping jaw, and the time for placing and retrieving tea leaves is greatly reduced.
7. The invention not only can replace manual rocking, but also can obviously improve the rocking quality, and the tea with high quality is obtained.
Drawings
FIG. 1 is a schematic view of the structure of the invention after removal of the bassinet;
FIG. 2 is a schematic view of the overall structure of the present invention;
FIG. 3 is an assembled perspective view of the base, flange, bearing end cap and planetary gear train transmission of the present invention;
FIG. 4 is an assembled perspective view of the internal components of the planetary gear train transmission mechanism of the present invention;
FIG. 5 is a perspective view showing the internal structure of the adjustable cradle clamping mechanism of the present invention;
FIG. 6 is a bottom view of the adjustable cradle clamp mechanism of the present invention;
FIG. 7 is an assembled cross-sectional view of the connecting rod, slide plate, slider and pawl of the present invention;
fig. 8 is a schematic view of the overall structural mechanism of the present invention.
In the figure: 1. cradle upper housing 2, connecting rod 3, ball bearing 4, cross joint 5, upper housing of drive mechanism 6, frame 7, belt drive mechanism 8, motor 9, lower housing of drive mechanism 10, round nut 11, lower housing of cradle 12, driven shaft, 13, planet gear 14, driven shaft 15, second bearing 16, flange 17, first bearing 18, main shaft 19, bearing end cap 20, sun gear 21, spline shaft sleeve 22, spring washer 23, slider 24, knuckle bearing 25, connecting rod 26, tripod support 27, fourth bearing 28, sliding plate 29, butterfly bolt 30, rubber sleeve 31, claw 32, spring 33.
Detailed Description
The invention is further described below with reference to the accompanying drawings.
As shown in fig. 1, 2 and 8, the adjustable water screen type green shaking machine based on planetary motion and universal speed change comprises a motor 8, a belt transmission mechanism 7, a planetary gear train transmission mechanism, a cross universal joint (or called cross shaft type universal joint) 4, a connecting rod 2, an adjustable cradle clamping mechanism and a cradle 33; the shell of the motor 8 is fixed on the frame 6; the output shaft of the motor 8 is connected with a main shaft 18 of a planetary gear train transmission mechanism through a belt transmission mechanism 7, and a driven shaft 14 of the planetary gear train transmission mechanism is fixed with one universal joint fork of the cross universal joint 4; the other universal joint fork of the cross universal joint is fixed with one end of the connecting rod 2; the other end of the connecting rod 2 is fixed with an adjustable cradle clamping mechanism; the connecting rod 2 is obliquely arranged, and the middle part of the connecting rod is connected with the frame 6 through the ball bearing 3; the cradle 33 is clamped by an adjustable cradle clamping mechanism.
As shown in fig. 1, 3 and 4, the planetary gear train transmission mechanism comprises a base, a transmission mechanism upper box 5, a transmission mechanism lower box 9, a planetary gear 13, a driven shaft 14, a main shaft 18 and a sun gear 20. The base is fixed on one side of the flange 16; the flange 16 is fixed on the frame 6; the lower box body 9 of the transmission mechanism is fixed with the upper box body 5 of the transmission mechanism; the sun gear 20 is arranged in the lower transmission mechanism box 9 and the upper transmission mechanism box 5, and the hub of the sun gear 20 penetrates out of the lower transmission mechanism box 9 and is fixed with the other side of the flange 16; the main shaft 18 is supported on the base through a first bearing 17; the main shaft 18 sequentially passes through the flange 16, the transmission mechanism lower box 9, the sun gear 20 and the transmission mechanism upper box 5 and is fixed with the transmission mechanism upper box 5; the lower box body 9 of the transmission mechanism is supported on the hub of the sun gear 20 through a bearing III; two ends of the driven shaft 14 are respectively supported on the lower box body 9 of the transmission mechanism and the upper box body 5 of the transmission mechanism through a second bearing 15; the planet wheels 13 are fixed to the driven shaft 14 and mesh with the sun wheel 20.
As a preferred embodiment, the belt drive mechanism comprises a conveyor belt, a driving wheel and a driven wheel; the driving wheel is fixed with an output shaft of the motor; the driven wheel is fixed with the main shaft 18 and is connected with the driving wheel through a conveyor belt; the diameters of the driving wheel and the driven wheel are equal, so that the transmission ratio of the belt transmission mechanism is 1.
As a preferred embodiment, the sphere center of the ball bearing 3 is positioned on the central axis extension line of the main shaft 18, so that the connecting rod 2 can perform stable conical surface movement, the cradle is prevented from shaking up and down during operation, and the stability of the cradle is improved.
As a preferred embodiment, bearing end cap 19 and the shoulder of spindle 18 axially locate bearing one 17; the bearing end cap 19 is fixed with the base.
As a preferred embodiment, the external thread on the cylindrical surface of the top end of the main shaft 18 is connected with a round nut 10, and the round nut 10 compresses the upper box body 5 of the transmission mechanism to realize the axial fixation of the upper box body 5 of the transmission mechanism; an elastic washer 22 is arranged between the round nut 10 and the outer side surface of the upper box body 5 of the transmission mechanism, and the elastic washer 22 is sleeved on the main shaft 18. The spline shaft sleeve 21 is connected with the spline integrally formed on the main shaft 18 and is fixed with the upper box body 5 of the transmission mechanism, so that the circumferential limit of the upper box body 5 of the transmission mechanism is realized.
As a preferred embodiment, the inner sidewall step of the lower gear box 9 and the shoulder on the hub of the sun gear 20 are positioned in the three axial directions of the bearing.
As a preferred embodiment, the end of the driven shaft 14 extending outside the upper housing 5 of the transmission is fixed to the cross joint 4 by a driven shaft sleeve 12.
As a preferred embodiment, the ratio of the number of teeth of the sun gear to the number of teeth of the planet gear is 1:1, a step of; power is input from the main shaft 18 and the planetary gear train transmission functions only to transmit power and does not function as a speed change.
As a preferred embodiment, as shown in fig. 5, 6 and 7, the adjustable cradle clamping mechanism comprises a connecting rod 25, a sliding plate 28, a sliding block 23, a cradle upper case 1, a cradle lower case 11, a triangular support bracket 26 and a claw 31; the cradle upper box body 1 is fixed with the cradle lower box body 11; the connecting rod 2 is fixed with the outer side wall of the cradle lower box 11; the mounting shaft is arranged in the cradle upper box body 1 and the cradle lower box body 11 and is fixed with the inner side wall of the cradle lower box body 11; the triangular support frame 26 is supported on the mounting shaft through a bearing IV 27; the triangular support 26 is provided with three extending rods which are integrally formed and uniformly distributed along the circumferential direction; the end part of the extending rod is provided with a through hole, and a connecting shaft is fixed in the through hole; each connecting shaft is connected with one end of one connecting rod 25 through one joint bearing 24 (the connecting shaft is fixed with the inner ring of the joint bearing 24, and the outer ring of the joint bearing 24 is fixed with the connecting rod 25); the other end of each connecting rod 25 is connected with a boss integrally formed on a sliding block 23 through a knuckle bearing 24; the extending rod, the connecting rod 25 and the sliding block 23 form a crank-sliding block mechanism; the cradle lower box body 11 is provided with an arc-shaped groove, one connecting shaft penetrates out of the cradle lower box body 11 from the arc-shaped groove, the outer end of the connecting shaft is sleeved with a rubber sleeve 30, and the triangular support frame 26 can rotate around the mounting shaft by pulling the connecting shaft; the cradle lower box body 11 is provided with three cantilever beams which are integrally formed and uniformly distributed along the circumferential direction; the cantilever beam is provided with a sliding block track, a connecting rod swinging cavity and a sliding plate track; the top surface of the slide block track is communicated with the bottom surface of the connecting rod swinging cavity, and the top surface of the connecting rod swinging cavity is communicated with the bottom surface of the slide plate track; each sliding block 23 and a sliding block track of a cantilever beam form a sliding pair, and a boss of each sliding block 23 is fixed with a sliding plate 28; each sliding plate 28 and the sliding plate track of one cantilever beam form a sliding pair; the connecting rod 25 passes through the connecting rod swinging cavity; the bottom of the slide block track of one cantilever beam is provided with a linear groove, a threaded hole formed in the slide block 23 on the slide block track is connected with a butterfly bolt 29 penetrating through the linear groove, and the butterfly bolt 29 is used for fixing the slide block 23 after the slide block 23 is in place; the jaw track arranged at the outer end of the sliding plate 28 on one cantilever beam forms a sliding pair with the jaw 31 and is connected with the jaw 31 through a spring 32; the outer ends of the sliding plates 28 on the other two cantilever beams are respectively fixed with a claw 31; after the cradle 33 is put on and released by pulling the movable jaw 31, the jaw 31 is automatically retracted by the restoring force of the spring 32, thereby locking the cradle 33.
The rotational speed of the motor is designed as follows:
because the connection between the connecting rod 2 and the adjustable cradle clamping mechanism is rigid connection, the angular velocity w of the connecting rod 2 is obtained 3 Angular velocity w with adjustable cradle clamping mechanism 4 Equal, then:
w 3 ＝w 4 (1)
when the driven shaft 14 is at angular velocity w 2 During rotation, the angular velocity w of the connecting rod 2 is driven by the cross universal joint in a variable speed manner 3 At w 2 cosα～w 2 And/cos alpha, wherein alpha is the angle between the connecting rod 2 and the vertical plane. Then by rational design of w 2 And alpha, i.e. the angular velocity w of the adjustable cradle clamping mechanism 4 The requirement of periodical change of the optimal rotation angular speed of the rocking green is met.
The gear ratio of the sun gear and the planet gear is designed to be 1:1, the rotation speed ratio of the driven shaft 14 to the main shaft 18 is calculated to be 2, and the angular speed w of the main shaft 18 is obtained 1 The method comprises the following steps:
the transmission ratio of the belt transmission mechanism is designed to be 1, and the rotation angular speed w of the motor is obtained 0 The method comprises the following steps:
w 0 ＝w 1 (3)
the combination formula (1), the formula (2) and the formula (3) are obtained
And then obtain
According to the shaking process, the optimal rotation speed of shaking is periodically fluctuated between 45r/min and 75r/min, so that the angular speed w of the adjustable cradle clamping mechanism is set 4 The rotation angular velocity w of the motor is obtained by changing the rotation speed between 4.71rad/s and 7.85rad/s 0 Further, the rotation speed range of the motor is obtained as followsSetting the value of an included angle alpha between the connecting rod 2 and the vertical surface to obtain a rotating speed specific range of the motor; the optimal angular velocity and the shaking effect of the tea during shaking can be obtained by setting the rotating speed of the motor within the design range.
As a preferred embodiment, the angular velocity w of the adjustable cradle clamping mechanism is set 4 Changing between 4.71rad/s and 7.85rad/s, taking the included angle α=25°, then obtaining according to formula (5):
thereby obtaining the following steps:
2.6rad/s≤w 0 ≤3.56rad/s
the rotating speed range of the motor is 24.83 r/min-34 r/min.
The rotation speed of the motor is selected at will in the range, so that the rotation speed of the adjustable cradle clamping mechanism can be ensured to be between 45r/min and 75 r/min.
The water screen type shaking method based on planetary motion and universal speed change comprises the following specific steps:
step one, fixing a shell of a motor 8 on a frame 6, connecting an output shaft of the motor 8 with a main shaft 18 of a planetary gear train transmission mechanism through a belt transmission mechanism 7, wherein the transmission ratio of the belt transmission mechanism is 1, and fixing a driven shaft 14 of the planetary gear train transmission mechanism with one universal joint fork of a cross universal joint 4; the other universal joint fork of the cross universal joint is fixed with one end of the connecting rod 2; the other end of the connecting rod 2 is fixed with an adjustable cradle clamping mechanism; the connecting rod 2 is obliquely arranged, the middle part of the connecting rod is connected with the frame 6 through the ball bearing 3, and the included angle between the connecting rod 2 and the vertical surface is designed to be 25 degrees; in the planetary gear train transmission mechanism, a sun gear 20 is fixedly connected with a machine frame 6; the lower box body 9 of the transmission mechanism is fixedly connected with the upper box body 5 of the transmission mechanism; the main shaft 18 is fixedly connected with the upper box body 5 of the transmission mechanism; the main shaft 18 and the driven shaft 14 form a revolute pair with the lower box body 9 of the transmission mechanism; the sphere center of the ball bearing 3 is positioned on the central axis extension line of the main shaft 18; the planetary gear 13 is fixedly connected with the driven shaft 14 and meshed with the sun gear 20, and the gear ratio of the sun gear to the planetary gear is 1:1.
step two, clamping the cradle 33 by an adjustable cradle clamping mechanism, pouring tea leaves to be processed into the cradle, setting the rotating speed of a motor to be one value of 24.83 r/min-34 r/min, and then starting the motor; the motor drives a main shaft 18 of the planetary gear train transmission mechanism through the belt transmission mechanism; the main shaft 18 drives the transmission mechanism lower box body 9 and the transmission mechanism upper box body 5 to synchronously rotate, so that the planetary gears 13 and the sun gears 20 are meshed for transmission; the planetary gears 13 revolve around the main shaft 18 and simultaneously revolve around the driven shaft 14, so that the driven shaft 14 is driven to simultaneously revolve and revolve; the driven shaft 14 drives the connecting rod 2 through the cross universal joint 4, the connecting rod 2 drives the adjustable cradle clamping mechanism and the cradle 33 to synchronously rotate, and the cradle 33 not only swings with the conical surface taking the spherical center of the ball bearing as the top point, but also rotates; the tea leaves move in three dimensions in the cradle 33, and the tea leaves are rubbed relatively; because the included angle between the connecting rod 2 and the vertical surface is 25 degrees, and the cross universal joint 4 is in variable speed transmission, the rotation speed of the adjustable cradle clamping mechanism and the cradle 33 is limited to be in the range of 45 r/min-75 r/min and is changed at any moment.
Claims (7)
1. The water screen type shaking method based on planetary motion and universal speed change is characterized by comprising the following steps of: the method comprises the following steps:
step one, fixing a shell of a motor on a frame, wherein an output shaft of the motor is connected with a main shaft of a planetary gear train transmission mechanism through a belt transmission mechanism, the transmission ratio of the belt transmission mechanism is 1, and a driven shaft of the planetary gear train transmission mechanism is fixed with one universal joint fork of a cross universal joint; the other universal joint fork of the cross universal joint is fixed with one end of the connecting rod; the other end of the connecting rod is fixed with the adjustable cradle clamping mechanism; the connecting rod is obliquely arranged, and the middle part of the connecting rod is connected with the frame through a ball bearing; in the planetary gear train transmission mechanism, a sun gear is fixedly connected with a frame; the lower box body of the transmission mechanism is fixedly connected with the upper box body of the transmission mechanism; the main shaft is fixedly connected with the upper box body of the transmission mechanism; the main shaft and the driven shaft form a revolute pair with the lower box body of the transmission mechanism; the ball center of the ball bearing is positioned on the central axis extension line of the main shaft; the planetary gear is fixedly connected with the driven shaft and meshed with the sun gear, and the gear ratio of the sun gear to the planetary gear is 1:1, a step of;
step two, clamping the cradle by an adjustable cradle clamping mechanism, pouring tea leaves to be processed into the cradle, and setting the rotating speed of a motor to beWherein alpha is the included angle between the connecting rod and the vertical surface, and then starting the motor; the motor drives a main shaft of the planetary gear train transmission mechanism through the belt transmission mechanism; the main shaft drives the lower box body of the transmission mechanism and the upper box body of the transmission mechanism to synchronously rotate, so that the planetary gear and the sun gear are meshed for transmission; the planetary gear makes revolution motion around the main shaft and simultaneously makes autorotation motion around the driven shaft, so that the driven shaft is driven to simultaneously make autorotation and revolution; the driven shaft drives the connecting rod through the cross universal joint, and the connecting rod beltThe cradle not only swings with the conical surface taking the spherical center of the ball bearing as the vertex, but also rotates in a self-rotating way; the tea leaves move in three dimensions in the cradle, and the tea leaves are rubbed relatively; because the included angle between the connecting rod and the vertical surface is alpha, and the cross universal joint is in variable speed transmission, the rotation speed of the adjustable cradle clamping mechanism and the cradle is limited to be in the range of 45 r/min-75 r/min and is changed at any time.
2. The adjustable water screen type green rocking machine based on planetary motion and universal speed change comprises a motor, a belt transmission mechanism, a planetary gear train transmission mechanism, a cross universal joint, a connecting rod, an adjustable cradle clamping mechanism and a cradle; the method is characterized in that: the shell of the motor is fixed on the frame; the output shaft of the motor is connected with the main shaft of the planetary gear train transmission mechanism through the belt transmission mechanism, and the driven shaft of the planetary gear train transmission mechanism is fixed with one universal joint fork of the cross universal joint; the other universal joint fork of the cross universal joint is fixed with one end of the connecting rod; the other end of the connecting rod is fixed with the adjustable cradle clamping mechanism; the connecting rod is obliquely arranged, and the middle part of the connecting rod is connected with the frame through a ball bearing; the cradle is clamped by an adjustable cradle clamping mechanism;
the planetary gear train transmission mechanism comprises a base, a transmission mechanism upper box body, a transmission mechanism lower box body, a planet wheel, a driven shaft, a main shaft and a sun wheel; the base is fixed on one side of the flange; the flange is fixed on the frame; the lower box body of the transmission mechanism is fixed with the upper box body of the transmission mechanism; the sun gear is arranged in the lower box body of the transmission mechanism and the upper box body of the transmission mechanism, and the hub of the sun gear penetrates out of the lower box body of the transmission mechanism and is fixed with the other side of the flange; the main shaft is supported on the base through a first bearing; the main shaft sequentially passes through the flange, the lower box body of the transmission mechanism, the sun gear and the upper box body of the transmission mechanism and is fixed with the upper box body of the transmission mechanism; the lower box body of the transmission mechanism is supported on the hub of the sun gear through a bearing III; two ends of the driven shaft are respectively supported on the lower box body of the transmission mechanism and the upper box body of the transmission mechanism through a second bearing; the planet wheel is fixed on the driven shaft and meshed with the sun wheel;
the ball center of the ball bearing is positioned on the central axis extension line of the main shaft;
the gear ratio of the sun gear to the planet gear is 1:1, a step of;
the rotational speed of the motor is designed as follows:
due to the angular velocity w of the connecting rod 3 Angular velocity w with adjustable cradle clamping mechanism 4 Equal, then:
w 3 ＝w 4 (1)
when the driven shaft at angular velocity w 2 During rotation, the angular velocity w of the connecting rod is driven by the speed change of the cross universal joint 3 At w 2 cosα～w 2 Periodically changing in the range of cos alpha, wherein alpha is the included angle between the connecting rod and the vertical plane;
the gear ratio of the sun gear and the planet gear is designed to be 1:1, calculating the rotation speed ratio of the driven shaft to the main shaft to be 2, thereby obtaining the angular speed w of the main shaft 1 The method comprises the following steps:
the transmission ratio of the belt transmission mechanism is designed to be 1, and the rotation angular speed w of the motor is obtained 0 The method comprises the following steps:
w 0 ＝w 1 (3)
the combination formula (1), the formula (2) and the formula (3) are obtained
And then obtain
The rotation speed of the adjustable cradle clamping mechanism is set to be 45 r/min-75 r/min, the value of the included angle alpha between the connecting rod and the vertical surface is set, the rotation speed range of the motor is obtained, and the rotation speed of the motor is set in the rotation speed range of the motor.
3. The adjustable water screen type green shaking machine based on planetary motion and universal speed change as claimed in claim 2, wherein: the bearing end cover and the shaft shoulder of the main shaft axially position the bearing I; the bearing end cover is fixed with the base.
4. The adjustable water screen type green shaking machine based on planetary motion and universal speed change as claimed in claim 2, wherein: the external thread on the cylindrical surface of the top end of the main shaft is connected with a round nut, and the round nut compresses the upper box body of the transmission mechanism; an elastic washer is arranged between the round nut and the outer side surface of the upper box body of the transmission mechanism, and the elastic washer is sleeved on the main shaft; the spline shaft sleeve is connected with the spline integrally formed on the main shaft and is fixed with the upper box body of the transmission mechanism.
5. The adjustable water screen type green shaking machine based on planetary motion and universal speed change as claimed in claim 2, wherein: the step on the inner side wall of the lower box body of the transmission mechanism and the shaft shoulder on the sun wheel hub are positioned on the bearing in the three axial directions.
6. The adjustable water screen type green shaking machine based on planetary motion and universal speed change as claimed in claim 2, wherein: one end of the driven shaft extending out of the upper box body of the transmission mechanism is fixed with the cross universal joint through the driven shaft sleeve.
7. The adjustable water screen type green shaking machine based on planetary motion and universal speed change as claimed in claim 2, wherein: the adjustable cradle clamping mechanism comprises a connecting rod, a sliding plate, a sliding block, a cradle upper box body, a cradle lower box body, a triangular support frame and a claw; the cradle upper box body is fixed with the cradle lower box body; the connecting rod is fixed with the outer side wall of the cradle lower box body; the mounting shaft is arranged in the cradle upper box body and the cradle lower box body and is fixed with the inner side wall of the cradle lower box body; the triangular support frame is supported on the mounting shaft through a bearing IV; the triangular support frame is provided with three extending rods which are integrally formed and uniformly distributed along the circumferential direction; the end part of the extending rod is provided with a through hole, and a connecting shaft is fixed in the through hole; each connecting shaft is connected with one end of one connecting rod through one joint bearing; the other end of each connecting rod is connected with a boss integrally formed on one sliding block through a joint bearing; the cradle lower box body is provided with an arc-shaped groove, one connecting shaft penetrates out of the cradle lower box body from the arc-shaped groove, and the outer end of the connecting shaft is sleeved with a rubber sleeve; the cradle lower box body is provided with three cantilever beams which are integrally formed and uniformly distributed along the circumferential direction; the cantilever beam is provided with a sliding block track, a connecting rod swinging cavity and a sliding plate track; the top surface of the slide block track is communicated with the bottom surface of the connecting rod swinging cavity, and the top surface of the connecting rod swinging cavity is communicated with the bottom surface of the slide plate track; each sliding block and a sliding block track of one cantilever beam form a sliding pair, and a boss of each sliding block is fixed with one sliding plate; each sliding plate and a sliding plate track of one cantilever beam form a sliding pair; the connecting rod passes through the connecting rod swinging cavity; the bottom of a sliding block track of one cantilever beam is provided with a linear groove, and a threaded hole formed in a sliding block on the sliding block track is connected with a butterfly bolt penetrating through the linear groove; the jaw track arranged at the outer end of the sliding plate on one cantilever beam and the jaw form a sliding pair and are connected with the jaw through a spring; the outer ends of the sliding plates on the other two cantilever beams are respectively fixed with one claw.
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