CN112750267A - Forest fire monitoring system based on bacterial power supply and control method - Google Patents

Forest fire monitoring system based on bacterial power supply and control method Download PDF

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CN112750267A
CN112750267A CN202011600982.XA CN202011600982A CN112750267A CN 112750267 A CN112750267 A CN 112750267A CN 202011600982 A CN202011600982 A CN 202011600982A CN 112750267 A CN112750267 A CN 112750267A
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fire
temperature
smoke concentration
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monitoring
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张豪
郭含之
姚卓男
刘兴杰
张凯
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Southwest Jiaotong University
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    • G—PHYSICS
    • G08—SIGNALLING
    • G08B—SIGNALLING OR CALLING SYSTEMS; ORDER TELEGRAPHS; ALARM SYSTEMS
    • G08B17/00—Fire alarms; Alarms responsive to explosion
    • G08B17/005—Fire alarms; Alarms responsive to explosion for forest fires, e.g. detecting fires spread over a large or outdoors area
    • G—PHYSICS
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    • G08B—SIGNALLING OR CALLING SYSTEMS; ORDER TELEGRAPHS; ALARM SYSTEMS
    • G08B17/00—Fire alarms; Alarms responsive to explosion
    • G08B17/10—Actuation by presence of smoke or gases, e.g. automatic alarm devices for analysing flowing fluid materials by the use of optical means
    • G—PHYSICS
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    • G08B17/00—Fire alarms; Alarms responsive to explosion
    • G08B17/12—Actuation by presence of radiation or particles, e.g. of infrared radiation or of ions
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    • H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
    • H01M—PROCESSES OR MEANS, e.g. BATTERIES, FOR THE DIRECT CONVERSION OF CHEMICAL ENERGY INTO ELECTRICAL ENERGY
    • H01M8/00—Fuel cells; Manufacture thereof
    • H01M8/16—Biochemical fuel cells, i.e. cells in which microorganisms function as catalysts
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    • Y02E—REDUCTION OF GREENHOUSE GAS [GHG] EMISSIONS, RELATED TO ENERGY GENERATION, TRANSMISSION OR DISTRIBUTION
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Abstract

本发明公开了一种基于细菌供电的森林火灾监测系统及控制方法，监测系统包括落叶池，落叶池利用细菌发电为烟雾传感器和红外线传感器供电，烟雾传感器和红外线传感器均与数据处理器进行数据处理，数据处理器与无线通信模块，通过无线模块将数据发送给监控中心。本发明的控制方法包括：采集温度和烟雾浓度数据、将温度和烟雾浓度报警区间进行比较、判定是否发生火灾、监控中心根据火灾信息进行处理。本发明利用细菌分解落叶等枯落物进行发电，为森林火灾监测系统供电，在细菌的作用下落叶池产生电能使整个监测系统工作；火灾监测精度高，不易发生误报警。

Figure 202011600982

The invention discloses a forest fire monitoring system and a control method based on bacteria power supply. The monitoring system comprises a deciduous pond, and the deciduous pond uses bacteria to generate electricity to supply power to a smoke sensor and an infrared sensor, and both the smoke sensor and the infrared sensor perform data processing with a data processor. , the data processor and the wireless communication module send data to the monitoring center through the wireless module. The control method of the present invention includes: collecting temperature and smoke concentration data, comparing temperature and smoke concentration alarm intervals, determining whether a fire occurs, and processing the monitoring center according to the fire information. The invention utilizes bacteria to decompose fallen leaves and other litter to generate electricity to supply power to the forest fire monitoring system, and under the action of bacteria, the fallen leaves pool generates electricity to make the entire monitoring system work; the fire monitoring accuracy is high, and false alarms are less likely to occur.

Figure 202011600982

Description

Forest fire monitoring system based on bacterial power supply and control method
Technical Field
The invention relates to the technical field of forest fire prevention, in particular to a forest fire monitoring system based on bacterial power supply and a control method.
Background
Along with resource shortage and environmental problems caused by large consumption of conventional energy, development and utilization of new energy for power generation will be a trend in the power industry. At present, forest fire monitoring devices have the main problems and defects that:
1. the traditional monitoring device needs to provide independent power supply equipment, and the circuit structure is complex.
2. The resources in the forest are not reasonably utilized.
Disclosure of Invention
Aiming at the defects in the prior art, the invention provides a forest fire monitoring system based on bacterial power supply and a control method thereof, wherein the forest fire monitoring system does not need to adopt an external power supply for power supply
In order to achieve the purpose of the invention, the technical scheme adopted by the invention is as follows:
the forest fire monitoring system based on the bacteria power supply comprises a deciduous pond, wherein an anode reaction pond and a cathode reaction pond are arranged in the deciduous pond, the anode reaction pond and the cathode reaction pond are divided by an ion exchange membrane, a conductive anode and a conductive cathode are respectively arranged in the anode reaction pond and the cathode reaction pond, and the conductive anode and the conductive cathode are connected with an electric quantity storage;
the deciduous leaves are filled in the deciduous leaf pool, the deciduous leaves are decomposed by bacteria to generate electric energy, electrons in the anode reaction pool and the cathode reaction pool are exchanged through an ion exchange membrane, and the electric energy generated by the conductive anode and the conductive cathode is led into an electric quantity storage device to be stored;
the electric quantity storage is connected with the smoke sensor and the infrared sensor, the smoke sensor and the infrared sensor acquire electric energy from the electric quantity storage, the smoke sensor detects smoke concentration of each detection point in the forest, and the infrared sensor detects temperature of each detection point in the forest;
the smoke sensor and the infrared sensor are both connected with the data processor, and the data processor processes the smoke concentration and the temperature collected by the smoke sensor and the infrared sensor and judges whether a fire disaster occurs at a detection point;
the data processor is connected with the wireless communication module, the wireless communication module is wirelessly connected with each region monitor, and the wireless communication module uploads the collected smoke concentration and temperature data to each region monitor and displays the data on a display of each region monitor; if the fire disaster is judged to happen, the alarm on the monitor of each section alarms.
Furthermore, the wireless module comprises a zigbee wireless communication module and a GPRS wireless communication module, the zigbee wireless communication module is wirelessly connected with each segment monitor, the GPRS wireless communication module is wirelessly connected with the information editing module of the monitoring center, and the GPRS wireless communication module uploads the collected smoke concentration and temperature data to the information editing module.
Furthermore, the solar power generation device is connected with the electric quantity storage and generates power by utilizing solar energy.
Furthermore, a GPS positioning module is mounted on the data processor, and when the data processor judges that a fire disaster occurs, the GPS positioning module sends the position information of the monitoring points to each section of monitor and the monitoring center and displays the position information on the display screen.
The control method of the forest fire monitoring system based on the bacterial power supply comprises the following steps:
s1: the smoke sensor collects smoke concentration K at intervals of a set time T, the infrared sensor collects temperature C at intervals of the set time T, and when the time for collecting the smoke concentration K by the smoke sensor is T, the time for collecting the temperature C by the infrared sensor is T + (1/2) T;
s2: establishing an early warning range of smoke concentration [ K ]1，K2]And temperature early warning range [ C ]1，C2]In which K is1Minimum smoke concentration, K, which may be ignited for a monitoring point1The smoke concentration value is the smoke concentration value when the monitoring point is on fire; c1To monitor the temperature at which a point may induce a fire, C2The temperature value is the temperature value of the monitored point which is already ignited;
s3: the collected smoke concentration K and the early warning range K1，K2]Comparing;
s4: if K1≤K≤K2Immediately controlling the infrared sensor to acquire the temperature C at the moment, and early warning the temperature C and the temperature within the early warning range [ C ]1，C2]Comparing;
if C1≤C≤C2Then, the monitoring point is determined to be a high risk area,
if C2C is less than or equal to C, the monitoring point is judged to have a fire at the moment;
otherwise, the monitoring point is a fire safety area;
s5: if K > K2If so, directly judging that the monitoring point has a fire at the moment; otherwise, the monitoring point is a fire safety area;
s6: when the monitoring point is judged to be a high risk area or a fire disaster occurs, the data processor acquires the GPS coordinate information of the monitoring point, generates a data file containing the GPS coordinate information, the temperature C and the smoke concentration K, and sends the data file to monitors and monitoring centers of all sections;
s7: and analyzing the data file by the monitor and the monitoring center of each section, sending out a fire alarm or a fire high-risk alarm, and displaying a fire place or a fire high-risk place on the map according to the GPS coordinate information.
S8: and the monitoring center establishes a temperature C-time curve and a smoke concentration K-time curve according to the received data file by taking time as a very coordinate and taking the temperature C and the smoke concentration K as vertical coordinates.
The invention has the beneficial effects that: the invention utilizes bacteria to decompose fallen leaves and other withered and fallen objects for power generation, supplies power for a forest fire monitoring system, and generates electric energy in a fallen leaves pool under the action of the bacteria to enable the whole monitoring system to work. That is to say, make fire monitoring system keep operating condition at any time to effectively utilize forest resources, promoted the development of new forms of energy, solved the supply problem of individual part in the fire monitoring system. According to the invention, the fire disaster is alarmed in a mode of combining smoke monitoring and temperature monitoring, and the smoke concentration data and temperature data structure are judged, so that the misjudgment of the fire disaster is effectively avoided, the monitoring accuracy is ensured, the fire disaster point information can be accurately obtained, and the fire disaster can be conveniently and timely processed.
Drawings
FIG. 1 is a schematic block diagram of a forest fire monitoring system based on bacterial power supply.
Detailed Description
The following description of the embodiments of the present invention is provided to facilitate the understanding of the present invention by those skilled in the art, but it should be understood that the present invention is not limited to the scope of the embodiments, and it will be apparent to those skilled in the art that various changes may be made without departing from the spirit and scope of the invention as defined and defined in the appended claims, and all matters produced by the invention using the inventive concept are protected.
The forest fire monitoring system based on the bacteria power supply comprises a fallen leaf pool, wherein an anode reaction pool and a cathode reaction pool are arranged in the fallen leaf pool, the anode reaction pool and the cathode reaction pool are divided through an ion exchange membrane, a conductive anode and a conductive cathode are respectively arranged in the anode reaction pool and the cathode reaction pool, and the conductive anode and the conductive cathode are connected with an electric quantity storage.
The deciduous leaves are contained in the deciduous leaf pool, the deciduous leaves are decomposed by bacteria to generate electric energy, electrons in the anode reaction pool and the cathode reaction pool are exchanged through an ion exchange membrane, and the generated electric energy is guided into the electric quantity storage device by the conductive anode and the conductive cathode to be stored. The worker can realize continuous power supply only by regularly filling enough withered fallen leaves into the fallen leaves pond.
The electric quantity memory is connected with the smoke sensor and the infrared sensor, the smoke sensor and the infrared sensor acquire electric energy from the electric quantity memory, the smoke sensor detects smoke concentration of each detection point in the forest, and the infrared sensor detects temperature of each detection point in the forest.
The smoke sensor and the infrared sensor are both connected with the data processor, and the data processor processes the smoke concentration and the temperature collected by the smoke sensor and the infrared sensor and judges whether a fire disaster occurs at a detection point;
the data processor is connected with the wireless communication module, the wireless communication module is wirelessly connected with each region monitor, and the wireless communication module uploads the collected smoke concentration and temperature data to each region monitor and displays the data on a display of each region monitor; if the fire disaster is judged to happen, the alarm on the monitor of each section alarms.
The wireless module comprises a zigbee wireless communication module and a GPRS wireless communication module, the zigbee wireless communication module is in wireless connection with each region monitor, the GPRS wireless communication module is in wireless connection with the information editing module of the monitoring center, and the GPRS wireless communication module uploads the collected smoke concentration and temperature data to the information editing module.
The solar power generation device is connected with the electric quantity storage and generates power by utilizing solar energy; the solar power generation device is introduced in consideration of seasonal variation of the number of fallen leaves, so that stable operation of the whole fire monitoring system is guaranteed.
The data processor is provided with a GPS positioning module, and when the data processor judges that a fire disaster occurs, the GPS positioning module sends the position information of the monitoring point to each section monitor and the monitoring center to be displayed on the display screen.
The control method of the forest fire monitoring system based on the bacteria power supply comprises the following steps:
s1: the smoke sensor collects smoke concentration K at intervals of a set time T, the infrared sensor collects temperature C at intervals of the set time T, and when the time for collecting the smoke concentration K by the smoke sensor is T, the time for collecting the temperature C by the infrared sensor is T + (1/2) T;
s2: establishing an early warning range of smoke concentration [ K ]1，K2]And temperature early warning range [ C ]1，C2]In which K is1Minimum smoke concentration, K, which may be ignited for a monitoring point1The smoke concentration value is the smoke concentration value when the monitoring point is on fire; c1To monitor the temperature at which a point may induce a fire, C2The temperature value is the temperature value of the monitored point which is already ignited;
s3: the collected smoke concentration K and the early warning range K1，K2]Comparing;
s4: if K1≤K≤K2Immediately controlling the infrared sensor to acquire the temperature C at the moment, and early warning the temperature C and the temperature within the early warning range [ C ]1，C2]Comparing;
if C1≤C≤C2And judging that the monitoring point is a high risk area at the moment, and confirming that the fire does not occur at the moment and belongs to the high risk area of the fire when the smoke concentration K and the temperature C are both in the early warning range at the moment.
If C2C is less than or equal to C, the monitoring point is judged to have a fire at the moment;
otherwise, the monitoring point is a fire safety region, and when the smoke concentration K is within the early warning range, the temperature C does not appear in the early warning range, so that the smoke alarm is proved to be possibly false alarm.
S5: if K > K2If so, directly judging that the monitoring point has a fire at the moment, and verifying the authenticity of the data without temperature C; otherwise, the monitoring point is a fire safety area;
s6: when the monitoring point is judged to be a high risk area or a fire disaster occurs, the data processor acquires the GPS coordinate information of the monitoring point, generates a data file containing the GPS coordinate information, the temperature C and the smoke concentration K, and sends the data file to monitors and monitoring centers of all sections;
s7: and analyzing the data file by the monitor and the monitoring center of each section, sending out a fire alarm or a fire high-risk alarm, and displaying a fire place or a fire high-risk place on the map according to the GPS coordinate information.
S8: the monitoring center establishes a temperature C-time curve and a smoke concentration K-time curve according to the received data file by taking time as a very coordinate and taking the temperature C and the smoke concentration K as vertical coordinates; the monitoring center can research each time section of the monitoring point where the fire easily occurs through the temperature C-time curve and the smoke concentration K-time curve, and timely prevention and control are facilitated.
The invention utilizes bacteria to decompose fallen leaves and other withered and fallen objects for power generation, supplies power for a forest fire monitoring system, and generates electric energy in a fallen leaves pool under the action of the bacteria to enable the whole monitoring system to work. That is to say, make fire monitoring system keep operating condition at any time to effectively utilize forest resources, promoted the development of new forms of energy, solved the supply problem of individual part in the fire monitoring system. According to the invention, the fire disaster is alarmed in a mode of combining smoke monitoring and temperature monitoring, and the smoke concentration data and temperature data structure are judged, so that the misjudgment of the fire disaster is effectively avoided, the monitoring accuracy is ensured, the fire disaster point information can be accurately obtained, and the fire disaster can be conveniently and timely processed.

Claims (5)

1.一种基于细菌供电的森林火灾监测系统，其特征在于，包括落叶池，所述落叶池内设置有阳极反应池和阴极反应池，所述阳极反应池和阴极反应池通过离子交换膜分割，所述阳极反应池和阴极反应池内分别设置有导电阳极和导电阴极，所述导电阳极和导电阴极与电量存储器连接；1. a forest fire monitoring system based on bacteria power supply, is characterized in that, comprises deciduous pond, is provided with anode reaction pond and cathode reaction pond in described deciduous pond, and described anode reaction pond and cathode reaction pond are divided by ion exchange membrane, The anode reaction pool and the cathode reaction pool are respectively provided with a conductive anode and a conductive cathode, and the conductive anode and the conductive cathode are connected to the electric power storage; 所述落叶池内盛装枯落叶，利用细菌对枯落叶进行分解产生电能，所述阳极反应池和阴极反应池内的电子通过离子交换膜进行交换，所述导电阳极和导电阴极将产生的电能导入电量存储器进行储存；The defoliation pool is filled with dead leaves, and bacteria are used to decompose the dead leaves to generate electric energy. The electrons in the anode reaction pool and the cathode reaction pool are exchanged through the ion exchange membrane, and the conductive anode and the conductive cathode lead the generated electric energy into the electricity storage. to store; 所述电量存储器与烟雾传感器和红外线传感器连接，所述烟雾传感器和红外线传感器从电量存储器获取电能，所述烟雾传感器检测森林中各检测点的烟雾浓度，所述红外线传感器检测森林中各检测点的温度；The electricity storage is connected to a smoke sensor and an infrared sensor, and the smoke sensor and the infrared sensor obtain electricity from the electricity storage, the smoke sensor detects the smoke concentration of each detection point in the forest, and the infrared sensor detects the smoke concentration of each detection point in the forest. temperature; 所述烟雾传感器和红外线传感器均与数据处理器连接，所述数据处理器对烟雾传感器和红外线传感器采集的烟雾浓度和温度进行处理，判断检测点是否发生火灾；Both the smoke sensor and the infrared sensor are connected to a data processor, and the data processor processes the smoke concentration and temperature collected by the smoke sensor and the infrared sensor to determine whether a fire has occurred at the detection point; 所述数据处理器与无线通信模块连接，所述无线通信模块与各地段监控器无线连接，所述无线通信模块将采集的烟雾浓度和温度数据上传给各地段监控器，并在各地段监控器上的显示器显示出来；若判断发生火灾，各地段监控器上的报警器报警。The data processor is connected to the wireless communication module, and the wireless communication module is wirelessly connected to each section monitor, the wireless communication module uploads the collected smoke concentration and temperature data to each section monitor, and the each section monitor The display on the display shows; if it is judged that there is a fire, the alarms on the monitors of each section will give an alarm. 2.根据权利要求1所述的基于细菌供电的森林火灾监测系统，其特征在于，所述无线模块包括zighee无线通信模块和GPRS无线通信模块，所述zighee无线通信模块与各地段监控器无线连接，所述GPRS无线通信模块与监控中心的信息编辑模块无线连接，所述GPRS无线通信模块将采集的烟雾浓度和温度数据上传给信息编辑模块。2. the forest fire monitoring system based on bacteria power supply according to claim 1, is characterized in that, described wireless module comprises zighee wireless communication module and GPRS wireless communication module, and described zighee wireless communication module is wirelessly connected with each section monitor , the GPRS wireless communication module is wirelessly connected with the information editing module of the monitoring center, and the GPRS wireless communication module uploads the collected smoke concentration and temperature data to the information editing module. 3.根据权利要求1所述的基于细菌供电的森林火灾监测系统，其特征在于，还包括太阳能发电装置，所述太阳能发电装置与电量存储器连接，所述太阳能发电装置利用太阳能发电。3 . The bacteria-powered forest fire monitoring system according to claim 1 , further comprising a solar power generation device, the solar power generation device is connected to an electricity storage, and the solar power generation device uses solar energy to generate electricity. 4 . 4.根据权利要求1所述的基于细菌供电的森林火灾监测系统，其特征在于，所述数据处理器上搭载有GPS定位模块，当数据处理器判断出现火灾时，GPS定位模块发送监测点的位置信息给各地段监控器和监控中心，显示在显示屏上。4. The forest fire monitoring system based on bacteria power supply according to claim 1, wherein the data processor is equipped with a GPS positioning module, and when the data processor judges that a fire occurs, the GPS positioning module sends the information of the monitoring point. The location information is displayed on the display screen to each section monitor and monitoring center. 5.一种采用权利要求1-4任一项所述的基于细菌供电的森林火灾监测系统的控制方法，其特征在于，包括以下步骤：5. a kind of control method that adopts the forest fire monitoring system based on bacteria power supply described in any one of claim 1-4, is characterized in that, comprises the following steps: S1：烟雾传感器每隔一段设定时间t采集烟雾浓度K，红外线传感器每隔设定时间t采集温度C，且当烟雾传感器采集烟雾浓度K的时间为T时，红外线传感器采集温度C的时间为T+(1/2)t；S1: The smoke sensor collects the smoke concentration K every set time t, the infrared sensor collects the temperature C every set time t, and when the time for the smoke sensor to collect the smoke concentration K is T, the time for the infrared sensor to collect the temperature C is T+(1/2)t; S2：建立烟雾浓度的预警范围[K1，K2]和温度预警范围[C1，C2]，其中K1为监测点可能着火的烟雾浓度最小值，K1为监测点已经着火时的烟雾浓度值；C1为监测点可能诱发着火的温度值，C2为监测点已经着火的温度值；S2: Establish the warning range of smoke concentration [K 1 , K 2 ] and the temperature warning range [C 1 , C 2 ], where K 1 is the minimum smoke concentration that may be ignited at the monitoring point, and K 1 is the monitoring point when the fire is already on fire. Smoke concentration value; C 1 is the temperature value that may induce ignition at the monitoring point, and C 2 is the temperature value that has already caught fire at the monitoring point; S3：将采集的烟雾浓度K与预警范围[K1，K2]进行比较；S3: Compare the collected smoke concentration K with the warning range [K 1 , K 2 ]; S4：若K1≤K≤K2，则立即控制红外线传感器采集此时的温度C，将温度C与温度预警范围[C1，C2]进行比较；S4: If K 1 ≤ K ≤ K 2 , immediately control the infrared sensor to collect the temperature C at this time, and compare the temperature C with the temperature warning range [C 1 , C 2 ]; 若C1≤C≤C2，则判定此时该监测点为高风险区域，If C 1 ≤ C ≤ C 2 , it is determined that the monitoring point is a high-risk area at this time, 若C2≤C，则判定此时该监测点已经发生火灾；If C 2 ≤ C, it is determined that a fire has occurred at the monitoring point at this time; 否则，此时该监测点为火灾安全区域；Otherwise, the monitoring point is a fire safety area at this time; S5：若K＞K2，则直接判定此时该监测点已经发生火灾；否则，此时该监测点为火灾安全区域；S5: If K>K 2 , it is directly determined that a fire has occurred at the monitoring point at this time; otherwise, the monitoring point is a fire safety area at this time; S6：当判定监测点为高风险区域或已经发生火灾时，数据处理器获取该监测点的GPS坐标信息，生成包含GPS坐标信息、温度C和烟雾浓度K的数据文件，发送给各地段监控器和监控中心；S6: When it is determined that the monitoring point is a high-risk area or a fire has occurred, the data processor obtains the GPS coordinate information of the monitoring point, generates a data file containing the GPS coordinate information, temperature C and smoke concentration K, and sends it to each area monitor and monitoring center; S7：各地段监控器和监控中心解析数据文件，发出火灾报警或火灾高风险报警，并根据GPS坐标信息在地图上显示火灾地点或火灾高风险地点。S7: Each section monitor and monitoring center parse the data files, issue a fire alarm or a fire high-risk alarm, and display the fire location or fire high-risk location on the map according to the GPS coordinate information. S8：监控中心根据接收的数据文件，以时间为很坐标，以温度C和烟雾浓度K为纵坐标，建立温度C-时间曲线和烟雾浓度K-时间曲线。S8: The monitoring center establishes a temperature C-time curve and a smoke concentration K-time curve according to the received data file, with time as the very coordinate and temperature C and smoke concentration K as the ordinate.
CN202011600982.XA 2020-12-29 2020-12-29 Forest fire monitoring system based on bacterial power supply and control method Pending CN112750267A (en)

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