CN112749438B - Method for constructing three-dimensional dam body structure model based on two-dimensional virtual section - Google Patents
Method for constructing three-dimensional dam body structure model based on two-dimensional virtual section Download PDFInfo
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Abstract
The invention discloses a method for constructing a three-dimensional dam structure model based on a two-dimensional virtual section, which is a novel method for quickly constructing a three-dimensional model of a refined dam structure by utilizing the mode of combining the maximum transverse section and the design section of an existing two-dimensional design with the virtual section.
Description
Technical Field
The invention relates to the field of dam body structure model construction, in particular to a three-dimensional dam body structure model construction method based on two-dimensional virtual sections.
Background
In three-dimensional virtual visual modeling of hydraulic engineering and BIM engineering application, modeling of a dam structure is the most critical and complex, because the dam structure is special-shaped, boolean operations of unusual regular geometric bodies can be completed, the degree of multiplexing is low, and the dam model usually further comprises an internal structure, which is different from a common surface model, so that a new method needs to be proposed for rapid modeling. There are two traditional main methods, one is to manually model by using 3D modeling software and manually model by using dam design data, and in this way, the modeling time is long, dynamic updating is difficult, and the requirements of the dam building process to be simulated cannot be met. Another way is to use the built dam body to perform rapid modeling by adopting laser scanning, oblique photography and other ways, and the problem is that the accuracy is poor, the modeling of the internal structure is difficult, and the complex structure needs to be modeled separately.
Disclosure of Invention
Aiming at the defects in the prior art, the method for constructing the three-dimensional dam body structure model based on the two-dimensional virtual section solves the problems that the modeling time is long, dynamic updating is difficult, accuracy is poor and a complex structure needs to be independently modeled in the existing modeling method for the dam body structure.
In order to achieve the aim of the invention, the invention adopts the following technical scheme: a method for constructing a three-dimensional dam body structure model based on a two-dimensional virtual section comprises the following steps:
s1, determining a space topological relation between the inside of a single actual section of a dam body and an adjacent single actual section according to the positions and coordinates of all actual sections of the dam body by taking a dam axis as a reference;
s2, traversing and iterating material partition areas on each single actual section for all actual sections, and constructing material partition topology in all actual sections of the dam body to obtain all section partition areas on each single actual section;
s3, calculating the number and positions of virtual sections to be constructed according to all section partitions of a single actual section of the dam body and the space topological relation between the inside of the single actual section of the dam body and the adjacent single actual section, and constructing a plurality of virtual partitions on each virtual section along the axis of the dam;
s4, forming a section set according to the actual sections and the created virtual sections, and constructing curved surfaces among the sections according to section partitions of all the sections in the section set;
and S5, performing texture mapping and material attribute association on the dam model according to the curved surfaces between the sections to obtain the constructed three-dimensional dam model.
Further, the actual section includes: a dam cross section and a dam longitudinal section.
Further, the step S1 includes the following sub-steps:
s11, determining the position relation between adjacent single actual sections according to the positions and coordinates of the actual sections by taking the dam axis as a reference;
s12, according to the material partition of each actual section, obtaining the position relation between the material partitions inside each single actual section;
s13, establishing a space topological relation between the inside of the single actual section of the dam body and the adjacent single actual section according to the position relation between the adjacent single actual sections and the position relation between the material partitions inside each single actual section.
Further, the step S2 of interrupting the surface partition includes: the position relation of the sections, the boundaries of the partitions, the materials of the partitions and the adjacent partitions of the partitions.
Further, the step S3 includes the following sub-steps:
s31, judging whether the angle change beta of two adjacent line segment points of each line segment on the dam axis is larger than a preset minimum threshold alpha, if so, uniformly constructing beta/alpha+1 virtual sections between the two line segment points, and jumping to the step S33, otherwise, jumping to the step S32;
s32, judging whether the angle change beta of two adjacent line segment points of each line segment on the dam axis is larger than a set minimum threshold alpha, if so, constructing a virtual section between the two line segment points, and jumping to the step S33, if not, not adding the virtual section, and jumping to the step S34;
s33, judging whether the section partition and the geometric corresponding relation between the adjacent single actual sections are the same, if so, constructing a virtual section based on a translation and rotation method of a three-dimensional space according to the intersecting distance and angle of the virtual section to be constructed and the dam axis, and if not, constructing the virtual section by adopting a translation method of a three-dimensional space point by taking the distance of the dam axis as a weight value;
s34, carrying out sequencing numbering on all transverse and vertical sections and virtual sections from left to right along the axis of the dam, and storing;
s35, carrying out gradual overlapping intersection on the virtual sections which are sequentially stored from left to right and the mountain DEM terrain models on the two sides along the axis of the dam to obtain a plurality of intersection points;
s36, recording a plurality of intersection points of each virtual section and the mountain DEM to obtain the maximum outer boundary of the virtual section;
s37, reconstructing the boundary of each virtual section partition in the virtual sections from left to right by adopting a spline function interpolation method according to two adjacent virtual sections to obtain a plurality of virtual partitions.
Further, the step S4 includes the following sub-steps:
s41, extracting and storing the vertex coordinate points as key control points of the dam body according to the vertex coordinate points of the maximum outer boundary polygons of the plurality of section partitions on two adjacent sections in the section set;
s42, adopting a spline surface function interpolation method for a part of the curved surface of the curved dam body with radian, and taking key control points of the dam body as control points of the spline surface function interpolation method to obtain all points on a virtual partition boundary and an internal arbitrary position boundary;
s43, connecting all points on the upper boundary of the adjacent virtual partition and the boundary of any position in the interior according to the Delaunay triangle rule to form an original triangle until the original triangle meets the minimum sum of the differences of the inner angles of the triangles, and obtaining an approximate equilateral triangle as an optimal connection triangle scheme;
s44, constructing curved surfaces among all sections in the section set according to the approximate equilateral triangle.
Further, the formula of the spline surface function interpolation method in the step S42 is:
wherein p (u) is a spline surface function, d i I=0, 1, …, N is the dam key control point, N is the number of the dam key control points, N i,k (u) is a B-spline basis function of degree k, k is the highest degree, N i,0 (u) a B-spline basis function of k=0, u being a non-decreasing parameter of the node vector, (u) 0 ,u 1 ,…,u i ,…,u n+k+1 ) Is a sequence of non-decreasing parameters u of the node vector.
Further, the step S43 includes the following sub-steps:
s431, searching the partition boundaries of all the sections in the section set and the adjacent tops of points i on the boundary at any position insidePoints, forming vertex set V i ；
S432, vertex set V is taken i Any adjacent 3 vertexes form an original triangle to obtain a plurality of original triangles;
s433, traversing all the original triangles, when the sum of the differences of the three inner angle sums of each original triangle is minimum, namelyWhen the triangle is closest to an equilateral triangle, the triangle is used as an optimal triangle connection scheme, wherein j is the number of triangles possibly formed by the i point and surrounding adjacent points, and +.>Is the number of degrees of three interior angles.
Further, the step S5 includes the following sub-steps:
s51, taking a section partition as an object, connecting and sealing two virtual sections, a curved surface between the virtual sections and a triangle inside the virtual sections, constructing an independent sealed entity three-dimensional model, and reconstructing a topological structure between the sealed entities;
s52, performing texture mapping on the dam models one by one according to the material properties of the closed entities and the topological structure among the closed entities and by taking triangles as units;
and S53, correlating the material properties of the partitions of the dam model subjected to texture mapping to obtain the constructed three-dimensional dam model.
Further, the method for reconstructing the topology structure between the closed entities in the step S51 includes: adjacent, intersecting, and inclusive.
In summary, the invention has the following beneficial effects: the modeling method for the dam structure based on the prior art has the problems of long modeling time, difficult dynamic updating, poor accuracy and the need of independent modeling of the complex structure. The invention provides a three-dimensional dam structure model construction method based on a two-dimensional virtual section, which is a novel method for quickly constructing a three-dimensional model of a refined dam structure by utilizing the mode of combining the maximum transverse section and the design section of an existing two-dimensional design with the virtual section.
Drawings
FIG. 1 is a flow chart of a method for constructing a three-dimensional dam body structure model based on a two-dimensional virtual cross section.
FIG. 2 is a schematic diagram of building multiple virtual partitions;
FIG. 3 is a schematic diagram of a constructed three-dimensional dam model.
Detailed Description
The following description of the embodiments of the present invention is provided to facilitate understanding of the present invention by those skilled in the art, but it should be understood that the present invention is not limited to the scope of the embodiments, and all the inventions which make use of the inventive concept are protected by the spirit and scope of the present invention as defined and defined in the appended claims to those skilled in the art.
As shown in fig. 1, a method for constructing a three-dimensional dam body structure model based on a two-dimensional virtual section comprises the following steps:
s1, determining a space topological relation between the inside of a single actual section of a dam body and an adjacent single actual section according to the positions and coordinates of all actual sections of the dam body by taking a dam axis as a reference;
step S1 comprises the following sub-steps:
s11, determining the position relation between adjacent single actual sections according to the positions and coordinates of the actual sections by taking the dam axis as a reference;
s12, according to the material partition of each actual section, obtaining the position relation between the material partitions inside each single actual section;
s13, establishing a space topological relation between the inside of the single actual section of the dam body and the adjacent single actual section according to the position relation between the adjacent single actual sections and the position relation between the material partitions inside each single actual section.
S2, traversing and iterating material partition areas on each single actual section for all actual sections, and constructing material partition topology in all actual sections of the dam body to obtain all section partition areas on each single actual section;
the step S2 of interrupt surface partitioning comprises the following steps: the position relation of the sections, the boundaries of the partitions, the materials of the partitions and the adjacent partitions of the partitions.
S3, calculating the number and the positions of virtual sections to be constructed according to all section partitions of a single actual section of the dam body and the space topological relation between the inside of the single actual section of the dam body and the adjacent single actual section, and constructing a plurality of virtual partitions on each virtual section along the axis of the dam, wherein the virtual partitions are shown in figure 2;
step S3 comprises the following sub-steps:
s31, judging whether the angle change beta of two adjacent line segment points of each line segment on the dam axis is larger than a preset minimum threshold alpha, if so, uniformly constructing beta/alpha+1 virtual sections between the two line segment points, ensuring that the sections are larger than the two ends of the dam axis in the middle of the sections, and jumping to the step S33, and if not, jumping to the step S32;
s32, judging whether the angle change beta of two adjacent line segment points of each line segment on the dam axis is larger than a minimum threshold alpha, if so, constructing a virtual section between the two line segment points, and jumping to the step S33, if not, not adding the virtual section, and jumping to the step S34;
s33, judging whether the section partition and the geometric corresponding relation between the adjacent single actual sections are the same, if so, constructing a virtual section based on a translation and rotation method of a three-dimensional space according to the intersecting distance and angle of the virtual section to be constructed and the dam axis, and if not, constructing the virtual section by adopting a translation method of a three-dimensional space point by taking the distance of the dam axis as a weight value;
s34, carrying out sequencing numbering on all transverse and vertical sections and virtual sections from left to right along the axis of the dam, and storing;
s35, carrying out gradual overlapping intersection on the virtual sections which are stored in a left-to-right sequence manner and the mountain DEM terrain models on two sides along the axis of the dam, namely adopting the surface elevation of the terrain to replace the lower bottom surface of the section to obtain a plurality of intersection points;
s36, recording a plurality of intersection points of each virtual section and the mountain DEM to obtain the maximum outer boundary of the virtual section;
s37, reconstructing the boundary of each virtual section partition in the virtual sections from left to right by adopting a spline function interpolation method according to two adjacent virtual sections to obtain a plurality of virtual partitions.
In this embodiment, a single actual section and mountain terrains on both sides are iterated along the dam axis to perform intersection, the section is based on a known section closest to the actual section, N new intersection points can be obtained, N is selected according to the accuracy of the dam model, each intersection point can be obtained, the intersection points are recorded, the maximum outer boundary of each section, that is, the outer boundary of the section, usually, the dam top portion of the outer boundary is unchanged, and only the lower portion of the section is the terrain.
S4, forming a section set according to the actual sections and the created virtual sections, and constructing curved surfaces among the sections according to section partitions of all the sections in the section set;
step S4 comprises the following sub-steps:
s41, extracting and storing the vertex coordinate points as key control points of the dam body according to the vertex coordinate points of the maximum outer boundary polygons of the plurality of section partitions on two adjacent sections in the section set;
s42, adopting a spline surface function interpolation method for a part of the curved surface of the curved dam body with radian, and taking key control points of the dam body as control points of the spline surface function interpolation method to obtain all points on a virtual partition boundary and an internal arbitrary position boundary;
the formula of the spline surface function interpolation method in the step S42 is as follows:
wherein p (u) is a spline surface function, d i (i=0, 1, …, N) is the dam key control point, N is the number of dam key control points, N i,k (u) is a B-spline basis function of degree k, k is the highest degree, N i,0 (u) a B-spline basis function of k=0, u being a non-decreasing parameter of the node vector, (u) 0 ,u 1 ,…,u i ,…,u n+k+1 ) For a sequence of non-decreasing parameters U of a node vector, the basis function is defined by a sequence U of non-decreasing parameters U called a node vector: u (u) 0 ≤u 1 ≤...≤u n+k+1 The determined k th order piecewise polynomial.
S43, connecting all points on the upper boundary of the adjacent virtual partition and the boundary of any position inside the adjacent virtual partition according to the Delaunay triangle rule to form an original triangle until the original triangle meets the minimum sum of the differences of the inner angles of the triangles, and obtaining an approximate equilateral triangle;
step S43 includes the following sub-steps:
s431, searching the partition boundaries of all the sections in the section set and the adjacent vertexes of the point i on the boundary at any position inside to form a vertex set V i ；
S432, vertex set V is taken i Any adjacent 3 vertexes form an original triangle to obtainTo a plurality of original triangles;
s433, traversing all the original triangles, when the sum of the differences of the three inner angle sums of each original triangle is minimum, namelyWhen the triangle is approximately equilateral triangle, wherein j is the number of possible triangles formed by the i point and the adjacent points around,/->Is the number of degrees of three interior angles.
S44, constructing curved surfaces among all sections in the section set according to the approximate equilateral triangle to form a closed solid three-dimensional model.
And S5, performing texture mapping and material attribute correlation on the dam model according to the curved surfaces between the sections to obtain a constructed three-dimensional dam model, as shown in figure 3.
Step S5 comprises the following sub-steps:
s51, taking a section partition as an object, connecting and sealing two virtual sections, a curved surface between the virtual sections and a triangle inside the virtual sections, constructing an independent sealing entity, and reconstructing a topological structure between the sealing entities;
s52, performing texture mapping on the dam models one by one according to the material properties of the closed entities and the topological structure among the closed entities and by taking triangles as units;
and S53, correlating the material properties of the partitions of the dam model subjected to texture mapping to obtain the constructed three-dimensional dam model.
Claims (7)
1. The method for constructing the three-dimensional dam body structure model based on the two-dimensional virtual section is characterized by comprising the following steps of:
s1, determining a space topological relation between the inside of a single actual section of a dam body and an adjacent single actual section according to the positions and coordinates of all actual sections of the dam body by taking a dam axis as a reference;
s2, traversing and iterating material partition areas on each single actual section for all actual sections, and constructing material partition topology in all actual sections of the dam body to obtain all section partition areas on each single actual section;
s3, calculating the number and positions of virtual sections to be constructed according to all section partitions of a single actual section of the dam body and the space topological relation between the inside of the single actual section of the dam body and the adjacent single actual section, and constructing a plurality of virtual partitions on each virtual section along the axis of the dam;
s4, forming a section set according to the actual sections and the created virtual sections, and constructing curved surfaces among the sections according to section partitions of all the sections in the section set to form a three-dimensional dam model;
s5, performing texture mapping and material attribute association on the dam model according to the curved surfaces between the sections to obtain a constructed three-dimensional dam model;
the step S3 comprises the following sub-steps:
s31, judging whether the angle change beta of two adjacent line segment points of each line segment on the dam axis is larger than a preset minimum threshold alpha, if so, uniformly constructing beta/alpha+1 virtual sections between the two line segment points, and jumping to the step S33, otherwise, jumping to the step S32;
s32, judging whether the angle change beta of two adjacent line segment points of each line segment on the dam axis is larger than a minimum threshold alpha, if so, constructing a virtual section between the two line segment points, and jumping to the step S33, if not, not adding the virtual section, and jumping to the step S34;
s33, judging whether the section partition and the geometric corresponding relation between the adjacent single actual sections are the same, if so, constructing a virtual section based on a translation and rotation method of a three-dimensional space according to the intersecting distance and angle of the virtual section to be constructed and the dam axis, and if not, constructing the virtual section by adopting a translation method of a three-dimensional space point by taking the distance of the dam axis as a weight value;
s34, carrying out sequencing numbering on all transverse and vertical sections and virtual sections from left to right along the axis of the dam, and storing;
s35, carrying out gradual overlapping intersection on the virtual sections which are sequentially stored from left to right and the mountain DEM terrain models on the two sides along the axis of the dam to obtain a plurality of intersection points;
s36, recording a plurality of intersection points of each virtual section and the mountain DEM to obtain the maximum outer boundary of the virtual section;
s37, reconstructing the boundary of each virtual section partition in the virtual sections from left to right by adopting a spline function interpolation method according to two adjacent virtual sections to obtain a plurality of virtual partitions;
the step S4 includes the following sub-steps:
s41, extracting and storing the vertex coordinate points as key control points of the dam body according to the vertex coordinate points of the maximum outer boundary polygons of the plurality of section partitions on two adjacent sections in the section set;
s42, adopting a spline surface function interpolation method for a part of the curved surface of the curved dam body with radian, and taking key control points of the dam body as control points of the spline surface function interpolation method to obtain all points on a virtual partition boundary and an internal arbitrary position boundary;
s43, connecting all points on the upper boundary of the adjacent virtual partition and the boundary of any position inside the adjacent virtual partition according to the Delaunay triangle rule to form an original triangle until the original triangle meets the minimum sum of the differences of the inner angles of the triangles, and obtaining an approximate equilateral triangle;
s44, constructing curved surfaces among all sections in the section set according to the approximate equilateral triangle;
the step S5 includes the following sub-steps:
s51, taking a section partition as an object, iteratively connecting and sealing two virtual sections, curved surfaces between adjacent virtual sections and triangles of the internal partition of the virtual sections, constructing an independent sealed entity three-dimensional model, and reconstructing a topological structure between sealed entities;
s52, performing texture mapping on the dam models one by one according to the material properties of the closed entities and the topological structure among the closed entities and by taking triangles as units;
and S53, correlating the material properties of the partitions of the dam model subjected to texture mapping to obtain the constructed three-dimensional dam model.
2. The method for constructing a three-dimensional dam body structure model based on a two-dimensional virtual cross section according to claim 1, wherein the actual cross section comprises: a dam cross section and a dam longitudinal section.
3. The method for constructing a three-dimensional dam body structure model based on two-dimensional virtual cross-section according to claim 1, wherein the step S1 comprises the following sub-steps:
s11, determining the position relation between adjacent single actual sections according to the positions and coordinates of the actual sections by taking the dam axis as a reference;
s12, according to the material partition of each actual section, obtaining the position relation between the material partitions inside each single actual section;
s13, establishing a space topological relation between the inside of the single actual section of the dam body and the adjacent single actual section according to the position relation between the adjacent single actual sections and the position relation between the material partitions inside each single actual section.
4. The method for constructing a three-dimensional dam body structure model based on two-dimensional virtual cross-section according to claim 1, wherein the step S2 of interrupting the surface division comprises: the position relation of the sections, the boundaries of the partitions, the materials of the partitions and the adjacent partitions of the partitions.
5. The method for constructing a three-dimensional dam body structure model based on two-dimensional virtual cross-section according to claim 1, wherein the formula of the spline surface function interpolation method in step S42 is:
wherein is defined as
Wherein p (u) is a spline surface function, d i I=0, 1, …, N is the dam key control point, N is the number of the dam key control points, N i,k (u) is a B-spline basis function of degree k, k is the highest degree, N i,0 (u) a B-spline basis function of k=0, u being a non-decreasing parameter of the node vector, (u) 0 ,u 1 ,…,u i ,…,u n+k+1 ) Is a sequence of non-decreasing parameters u of the node vector.
6. The method for constructing a model of a three-dimensional dam structure based on a two-dimensional virtual cross-section according to claim 1, wherein the step S43 comprises the following sub-steps:
s431, searching the partition boundaries of all the sections in the section set and the adjacent vertexes of the point i on the boundary at any position inside to form a vertex set V i ；
S432, vertex set V is taken i Any adjacent 3 vertexes form an original triangle to obtain a plurality of original triangles;
s433, traversing all the original triangles, when the sum of the differences of the three inner angle sums of each original triangle is minimum, namelyIn the case of the nearest to the approximate equilateral triangle, the method is used as a triangle connection scheme, wherein j is the number of triangles which can be formed by the i point and the adjacent points around,/>Is the number of degrees of three interior angles.
7. The method for constructing a three-dimensional dam structure model based on two-dimensional virtual cross-section according to claim 1, wherein the method for reconstructing the topology between the closed entities in step S51 comprises: adjacent, intersecting, and inclusive.
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