CN112749438A - Three-dimensional dam body structure model construction method based on two-dimensional virtual section - Google Patents
Three-dimensional dam body structure model construction method based on two-dimensional virtual section Download PDFInfo
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Abstract
The invention discloses a three-dimensional dam body structure model construction method based on a two-dimensional virtual section, which is a novel method for quickly constructing a refined dam body structure three-dimensional model by combining the maximum transverse and longitudinal sections of a dam body with the existing two-dimensional design and the design sections with the virtual sections.
Description
Technical Field
The invention relates to the field of dam structure model construction, in particular to a three-dimensional dam structure model construction method based on a two-dimensional virtual section.
Background
In the three-dimensional virtual visual modeling and BIM engineering application of hydraulic engineering, the modeling of the dam body structure is the most critical and the most complex, because the dam body structure is abnormal, the Boolean operation of an unusual regular geometric body can be completed, the reusability is low, and the dam body model generally comprises an internal structure, which is different from a common surface model, so that a new method needs to be provided for rapid modeling. The traditional method has two main methods, one method is to use 3D modeling software to carry out manual modeling, and use design data of the dam body to carry out manual modeling, and the method has long modeling time and difficult dynamic updating, and cannot meet the requirement for simulating the dam body building process. In another mode, the established dam body is utilized, and rapid modeling is carried out by adopting modes such as laser scanning, oblique photography and the like, so that the problems of poor accuracy, difficult modeling of an internal structure and requirement of independent modeling of a complex structure exist.
Disclosure of Invention
Aiming at the defects in the prior art, the method for constructing the three-dimensional dam structure model based on the two-dimensional virtual section solves the problems that the existing method for constructing the dam structure has long modeling time, is difficult to dynamically update, has poor accuracy and needs to independently model a complex structure.
In order to achieve the purpose of the invention, the invention adopts the technical scheme that: a three-dimensional dam body structure model construction method based on a two-dimensional virtual section comprises the following steps:
s1, determining the space topological relation between the interior of a single actual section of the dam and the adjacent single actual sections according to the positions and coordinates of all actual sections of the dam by taking the dam axis as reference;
s2, iterating and iterating the material partitions on each single actual section for all the actual sections, and constructing material partition topologies in all the actual sections of the dam body to obtain all the section partitions on each single actual section;
s3, calculating the number and the position of virtual sections to be constructed according to all section partitions of the single actual section of the dam body and the space topological relation between the interior of the single actual section of the dam body and the adjacent single actual section, and constructing a plurality of virtual partitions on each virtual section along the axis of the dam;
s4, forming a section set according to the actual sections and the created virtual sections, and constructing curved surfaces among the sections according to section partitions of all the sections in the section set;
and S5, performing texture mapping and material attribute association on the dam body model according to the curved surfaces between the sections to obtain the constructed three-dimensional dam body model.
Further, the actual profile comprises: the cross section of the dam body and the longitudinal section of the dam body.
Further, the step S1 includes the following sub-steps:
s11, determining the position relation between the adjacent single actual cross sections according to the position and the coordinates of the actual cross sections by taking the dam axis as a reference;
s12, obtaining the position relation between the material partitions in each single actual section according to the material partitions of each actual section;
and S13, establishing a spatial topological relation between the interior of the single actual cross section of the dam body and the adjacent single actual cross section according to the position relation between the adjacent single actual cross sections and the position relation between the material partitions in the interior of each single actual cross section.
Further, the partitioning of the section in step S2 includes: the position relation of the cross section, the boundary of the subarea, the material of the subarea and the adjacent subarea of the subarea.
Further, the step S3 includes the following sub-steps:
s31, judging whether the angle change beta of two adjacent line segment points of each line segment on the dam axis is larger than a preset minimum threshold value alpha, if so, uniformly constructing beta/alpha +1 virtual sections between the two line segment points, and jumping to the step S33, otherwise, jumping to the step S32;
s32, judging whether the angle change beta of two adjacent line segment points of each line segment on the dam axis is larger than a set minimum threshold value alpha, if so, constructing a virtual section between the two line segment points, and jumping to the step S33, otherwise, not increasing the virtual section, and jumping to the step S34;
s33, judging whether the section subareas and the geometric corresponding relations between the adjacent single actual sections are the same, if so, constructing a virtual section based on a translation and rotation method of a three-dimensional space according to the intersecting distance and angle between the virtual section to be constructed and the dam axis, and if not, constructing the virtual section by taking the dam axis distance as a weight value and adopting a translation method of a three-dimensional space point;
s34, sequencing and numbering all the transverse and longitudinal sections and the virtual sections from left to right along the axis of the dam, and storing the transverse and longitudinal sections and the virtual sections;
s35, gradually superposing and intersecting the virtual sections which are sequentially stored from left to right and the mountain DEM terrain models on the two sides along the axis of the dam to obtain a plurality of intersection points;
s36, recording a plurality of intersection points of each virtual section and the mountain DEM to obtain the maximum outer boundary of the virtual section;
and S37, reconstructing the boundary of each virtual section partition in the virtual sections from left to right by adopting a spline function interpolation method according to the two adjacent virtual sections to obtain a plurality of virtual partitions.
Further, the step S4 includes the following sub-steps:
s41, extracting and storing the vertex coordinate points as dam body key control points according to the vertex coordinate points of the maximum outer boundary polygons of the plurality of section partitions on two adjacent sections in the section set;
s42, adopting a spline surface function interpolation method for part of curved surfaces of the curved dam body with the radian, and taking key control points of the dam body as control points of the spline surface function interpolation method to obtain all points on the virtual partition boundary and the boundary at any position inside the dam body;
s43, connecting all points on the upper boundary of the adjacent virtual partition and the boundary of any position in the virtual partition according to the Delaunay triangle rule to form an original triangle until the original triangle meets the minimum sum of the differences of the internal angle sums of the triangle, and obtaining an approximately equilateral triangle as an optimal connection triangle scheme;
and S44, constructing curved surfaces among all the sections in the section set according to the approximately equilateral triangle.
Further, the formula of the spline surface function interpolation method in step S42 is as follows:
wherein p (u) is a spline surface function, diI is 0,1, …, n is a dam key control point, n isNumber of dam body key control points, Ni,k(u) is a k-th order B-spline basis function, k is the highest order, Ni,0(u) is a B-spline basis function with k equal to 0, u is a non-decreasing parameter of the node vector, and (u) is a non-decreasing parameter of the node vector0,u1,…,ui,…,un+k+1) Is a sequence of non-decreasing parameters u of the node vector.
Further, the step S43 includes the following sub-steps:
s431, finding partition boundaries of all sections in the section set and adjacent vertexes of points i on boundaries at any positions in the sections to form a vertex set Vi；
S432, taking a vertex set ViAny adjacent 3 vertexes form an original triangle to obtain a plurality of original triangles;
s433, traversing all the original triangles, and when the sum of the differences of the three internal angle sums of each original triangle is minimum, namely
Then, the nearest equilateral triangle is used as the optimal triangle connection scheme, wherein j is the number of possible triangles formed by the i point and the surrounding adjacent points,
in degrees of three interior angles.
Further, the step S5 includes the following sub-steps:
s51, connecting and sealing two virtual sections, a curved surface between the virtual sections and a triangle inside the virtual sections by taking the section partitions as objects, constructing an independent three-dimensional model of the sealed entity, and reconstructing a topological structure between the sealed entities;
s52, performing texture mapping on the dam body model one by one according to the material properties of the closed entities and the topological structure among the closed entities by taking a triangle as a unit;
and S53, associating the texture mapped dam body model with the partitioned material attributes to obtain the constructed three-dimensional dam body model.
Further, the method for reconstructing the topology between the closed entities in step S51 includes: adjacent, intersecting and containing.
In conclusion, the beneficial effects of the invention are as follows: the existing modeling method for the dam body structure has the problems of long modeling time, difficulty in dynamic updating, poor accuracy and the need of independent modeling of a complex structure. The invention provides a method for building a three-dimensional dam body structure model based on a two-dimensional virtual section, which is a novel method for quickly building a refined dam body structure three-dimensional model by combining the maximum transverse and longitudinal sections of a dam body with the existing two-dimensional design and the design sections with the virtual sections.
Drawings
FIG. 1 is a flow chart of a three-dimensional dam body structure model building method based on a two-dimensional virtual section.
FIG. 2 is a schematic diagram of the construction of multiple virtual partitions;
fig. 3 is a schematic diagram of a constructed three-dimensional dam body model.
Detailed Description
The following description of the embodiments of the present invention is provided to facilitate the understanding of the present invention by those skilled in the art, but it should be understood that the present invention is not limited to the scope of the embodiments, and it will be apparent to those skilled in the art that various changes may be made without departing from the spirit and scope of the invention as defined and defined in the appended claims, and all matters produced by the invention using the inventive concept are protected.
As shown in fig. 1, a method for constructing a three-dimensional dam body structure model based on a two-dimensional virtual section includes the following steps:
s1, determining the space topological relation between the interior of a single actual section of the dam and the adjacent single actual sections according to the positions and coordinates of all actual sections of the dam by taking the dam axis as reference;
step S1 includes the following substeps:
s11, determining the position relation between the adjacent single actual cross sections according to the position and the coordinates of the actual cross sections by taking the dam axis as a reference;
s12, obtaining the position relation between the material partitions in each single actual section according to the material partitions of each actual section;
and S13, establishing a spatial topological relation between the interior of the single actual cross section of the dam body and the adjacent single actual cross section according to the position relation between the adjacent single actual cross sections and the position relation between the material partitions in the interior of each single actual cross section.
S2, iterating and iterating the material partitions on each single actual section for all the actual sections, and constructing material partition topologies in all the actual sections of the dam body to obtain all the section partitions on each single actual section;
the section partitioning in step S2 includes: the position relation of the cross section, the boundary of the subarea, the material of the subarea and the adjacent subarea of the subarea.
S3, calculating the number and the position of virtual sections to be constructed according to all section partitions of the single actual section of the dam body and the space topological relation between the interior of the single actual section of the dam body and the adjacent single actual section, and constructing a plurality of virtual partitions on each virtual section along the axis of the dam, as shown in FIG. 2;
step S3 includes the following substeps:
s31, judging whether the angle change beta of two adjacent line segment points of each line segment on the dam axis is larger than a preset minimum threshold value alpha or not, if so, uniformly constructing beta/alpha +1 virtual sections between the two line segment points, ensuring that two ends of the sections, which are larger than the dam axis, are in the middle of the sections, and jumping to the step S33, otherwise, jumping to the step S32;
s32, judging whether the angle change beta of two adjacent line segment points of each line segment on the dam axis is larger than a minimum threshold value alpha, if so, constructing a virtual section between the two line segment points, and jumping to the step S33, otherwise, not increasing the virtual section, and jumping to the step S34;
s33, judging whether the section subareas and the geometric corresponding relations between the adjacent single actual sections are the same, if so, constructing a virtual section based on a translation and rotation method of a three-dimensional space according to the intersecting distance and angle between the virtual section to be constructed and the dam axis, and if not, constructing the virtual section by taking the dam axis distance as a weight value and adopting a translation method of a three-dimensional space point;
s34, sequencing and numbering all the transverse and longitudinal sections and the virtual sections from left to right along the axis of the dam, and storing the transverse and longitudinal sections and the virtual sections;
s35, gradually superposing and intersecting virtual sections which are sorted and stored from left to right and mountain DEM terrain models on two sides along the axis of the dam, namely adopting the surface elevation of the terrain as the vertex elevation of a polygon on the lower surface of the section to replace the lower bottom surface of the section to obtain a plurality of intersection points;
s36, recording a plurality of intersection points of each virtual section and the mountain DEM to obtain the maximum outer boundary of the virtual section;
and S37, reconstructing the boundary of each virtual section partition in the virtual sections from left to right by adopting a spline function interpolation method according to the two adjacent virtual sections to obtain a plurality of virtual partitions.
In this embodiment, iteration is performed on a single actual cross section and mountain terrains on two sides along the axis of the dam to perform intersection, the cross section is based on a known cross section with the closest distance, N new intersection points can be obtained, wherein N is selected according to the accuracy of the dam model as a unit, each intersection point can obtain a plurality of intersection points, the intersection points are recorded, the maximum outer boundary of each cross section, namely the outer boundary of the cross section, is obtained, the dam crest part of the outer boundary is not changed usually, and only the lower part of the cross section is the terrains.
S4, forming a section set according to the actual sections and the created virtual sections, and constructing curved surfaces among the sections according to section partitions of all the sections in the section set;
step S4 includes the following substeps:
s41, extracting and storing the vertex coordinate points as dam body key control points according to the vertex coordinate points of the maximum outer boundary polygons of the plurality of section partitions on two adjacent sections in the section set;
s42, adopting a spline surface function interpolation method for part of curved surfaces of the curved dam body with the radian, and taking key control points of the dam body as control points of the spline surface function interpolation method to obtain all points on the virtual partition boundary and the boundary at any position inside the dam body;
the formula of the spline surface function interpolation method in the step S42 is:
wherein p (u) is a spline surface function, di(i-0, 1, …, N) is the dam critical control point, N is the number of dam critical control points, Ni,k(u) is a k-th order B-spline basis function, k is the highest order, Ni,0(u) is a B-spline basis function with k equal to 0, u is a non-decreasing parameter of the node vector, and (u) is a non-decreasing parameter of the node vector0,u1,…,ui,…,un+k+1) For a sequence of non-decreasing parameters U of a node vector, the basis function is defined by a sequence U of non-decreasing parameters U, called node vector: u. of0≤u1≤...≤un+k+1The determined k-th order piecewise polynomial.
S43, connecting all points on the upper boundary of the adjacent virtual partition and the boundary at any position inside the virtual partition according to the Delaunay triangle rule to form an original triangle until the original triangle meets the condition that the sum of the differences of the internal angle sums of the triangle is minimum, and obtaining an approximately equilateral triangle;
step S43 includes the following substeps:
s431, finding partition boundaries of all sections in the section set and adjacent vertexes of points i on boundaries at any positions in the sections to form a vertex set Vi；
S432, taking a vertex set ViAny adjacent 3 vertexes form an original triangle to obtain a plurality of original triangles;
s433, traversing all the original triangles, and when the sum of the differences of the three internal angle sums of each original triangle is minimum, namely
Then, as an approximate equilateral triangle, where j is the number of possible triangles formed by i points and the surrounding neighboring points,
in degrees of three interior angles.
And S44, constructing curved surfaces among all the sections in the section set according to the approximately equilateral triangle to form a closed solid three-dimensional model.
And S5, performing texture mapping and material attribute association on the dam body model according to the curved surfaces between the sections to obtain the constructed three-dimensional dam body model, as shown in FIG. 3.
Step S5 includes the following substeps:
s51, connecting and sealing two virtual sections, a curved surface between the virtual sections and a triangle inside the virtual sections by taking the section partitions as objects, constructing independent closed entities, and reconstructing a topological structure between the closed entities;
s52, performing texture mapping on the dam body model one by one according to the material properties of the closed entities and the topological structure among the closed entities by taking a triangle as a unit;
and S53, associating the texture mapped dam body model with the partitioned material attributes to obtain the constructed three-dimensional dam body model.
Claims (10)
1. A three-dimensional dam body structure model construction method based on a two-dimensional virtual section is characterized by comprising the following steps:
s1, determining the space topological relation between the interior of a single actual section of the dam and the adjacent single actual sections according to the positions and coordinates of all actual sections of the dam by taking the dam axis as reference;
s2, iterating and iterating the material partitions on each single actual section for all the actual sections, and constructing material partition topologies in all the actual sections of the dam body to obtain all the section partitions on each single actual section;
s3, calculating the number and the position of virtual sections to be constructed according to all section partitions of the single actual section of the dam body and the space topological relation between the interior of the single actual section of the dam body and the adjacent single actual section, and constructing a plurality of virtual partitions on each virtual section along the axis of the dam;
s4, forming a section set according to the actual sections and the created virtual sections, and constructing curved surfaces among the sections according to section partitions of all the sections in the section set to form a three-dimensional dam body model;
and S5, performing texture mapping and material attribute association on the dam body model according to the curved surfaces between the sections to obtain the constructed three-dimensional dam body model.
2. The method for building the three-dimensional dam body structure model based on the two-dimensional virtual section according to claim 1, wherein the actual section comprises: the cross section of the dam body and the longitudinal section of the dam body.
3. The method for constructing the three-dimensional dam body structure model based on the two-dimensional virtual section according to claim 1, wherein the step S1 comprises the following substeps:
s11, determining the position relation between the adjacent single actual cross sections according to the position and the coordinates of the actual cross sections by taking the dam axis as a reference;
s12, obtaining the position relation between the material partitions in each single actual section according to the material partitions of each actual section;
and S13, establishing a spatial topological relation between the interior of the single actual cross section of the dam body and the adjacent single actual cross section according to the position relation between the adjacent single actual cross sections and the position relation between the material partitions in the interior of each single actual cross section.
4. The method for constructing the three-dimensional dam body structure model based on the two-dimensional virtual section according to claim 1, wherein the section partitioning in the step S2 includes: the position relation of the cross section, the boundary of the subarea, the material of the subarea and the adjacent subarea of the subarea.
5. The method for constructing the three-dimensional dam body structure model based on the two-dimensional virtual section according to claim 1, wherein the step S3 comprises the following substeps:
s31, judging whether the angle change beta of two adjacent line segment points of each line segment on the dam axis is larger than a preset minimum threshold value alpha, if so, uniformly constructing beta/alpha +1 virtual sections between the two line segment points, and jumping to the step S33, otherwise, jumping to the step S32;
s32, judging whether the angle change beta of two adjacent line segment points of each line segment on the dam axis is larger than a minimum threshold value alpha, if so, constructing a virtual section between the two line segment points, and jumping to the step S33, otherwise, not increasing the virtual section, and jumping to the step S34;
s33, judging whether the section subareas and the geometric corresponding relations between the adjacent single actual sections are the same, if so, constructing a virtual section based on a translation and rotation method of a three-dimensional space according to the intersecting distance and angle between the virtual section to be constructed and the dam axis, and if not, constructing the virtual section by taking the dam axis distance as a weight value and adopting a translation method of a three-dimensional space point;
s34, sequencing and numbering all the transverse and longitudinal sections and the virtual sections from left to right along the axis of the dam, and storing the transverse and longitudinal sections and the virtual sections;
s35, gradually superposing and intersecting the virtual sections which are sequentially stored from left to right and the mountain DEM terrain models on the two sides along the axis of the dam to obtain a plurality of intersection points;
s36, recording a plurality of intersection points of each virtual section and the mountain DEM to obtain the maximum outer boundary of the virtual section;
and S37, reconstructing the boundary of each virtual section partition in the virtual sections from left to right by adopting a spline function interpolation method according to the two adjacent virtual sections to obtain a plurality of virtual partitions.
6. The method for constructing the three-dimensional dam body structure model based on the two-dimensional virtual section according to claim 1, wherein the step S4 comprises the following substeps:
s41, extracting and storing the vertex coordinate points as dam body key control points according to the vertex coordinate points of the maximum outer boundary polygons of the plurality of section partitions on two adjacent sections in the section set;
s42, adopting a spline surface function interpolation method for part of curved surfaces of the curved dam body with the radian, and taking key control points of the dam body as control points of the spline surface function interpolation method to obtain all points on the virtual partition boundary and the boundary at any position inside the dam body;
s43, connecting all points on the upper boundary of the adjacent virtual partition and the boundary at any position inside the virtual partition according to the Delaunay triangle rule to form an original triangle until the original triangle meets the condition that the sum of the differences of the internal angle sums of the triangle is minimum, and obtaining an approximately equilateral triangle;
and S44, constructing curved surfaces among all the sections in the section set according to the approximately equilateral triangle.
7. The method for constructing the three-dimensional dam body structure model based on the two-dimensional virtual section as claimed in claim 6, wherein the formula of the spline surface function interpolation method in the step S42 is as follows:
wherein is defined
Wherein p (u) is a spline surface function, diI is 0,1, …, N is the key control point of the dam, N is the number of the key control points of the dam, and N isi,k(u) is a k-th order B-spline basis function, k is the highest order, Ni,0(u) is a B-spline basis function with k equal to 0, u is a non-decreasing parameter of the node vector, and (u) is a non-decreasing parameter of the node vector0,u1,…,ui,…,un+k+1) Is a sequence of non-decreasing parameters u of the node vector.
8. The method for constructing the three-dimensional dam body structure model based on the two-dimensional virtual section as claimed in claim 6, wherein said step S43 includes the following sub-steps:
s431, finding partition boundaries of all sections in the section set and adjacent vertexes of points i on boundaries at any positions in the sections to form a vertex set Vi；
S432, taking a vertex set ViAny adjacent 3 vertexes form an original triangle to obtain a plurality of original triangles;
s433, traversing all the original triangles, and when the sum of the differences of the three internal angle sums of each original triangle is minimum, namely
When the point is closest to an equilateral triangle, the scheme of connecting triangles is adopted, wherein j is a point iThe number of triangles that may be formed with surrounding neighbors,
in degrees of three interior angles.
9. The method for constructing the three-dimensional dam body structure model based on the two-dimensional virtual section according to claim 1, wherein the step S5 comprises the following substeps:
s51, with the section partitions as objects, connecting and sealing two virtual sections, curved surfaces between adjacent virtual sections and triangles of the inner partitions of the virtual sections in an iterative manner to construct an independent three-dimensional model of the sealed entity, and reconstructing a topological structure between the sealed entities;
s52, performing texture mapping on the dam body model one by one according to the material properties of the closed entities and the topological structure among the closed entities by taking a triangle as a unit;
and S53, associating the texture mapped dam body model with the partitioned material attributes to obtain the constructed three-dimensional dam body model.
10. The method for constructing the three-dimensional dam body structure model based on the two-dimensional virtual section according to claim 9, wherein the method for reconstructing the topological structure between the closed entities in the step S51 comprises: adjacent, intersecting and containing.
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