CN112745243A - Process for preparing salicylanitrile - Google Patents

Process for preparing salicylanitrile Download PDF

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Publication number
CN112745243A
CN112745243A CN201911050714.2A CN201911050714A CN112745243A CN 112745243 A CN112745243 A CN 112745243A CN 201911050714 A CN201911050714 A CN 201911050714A CN 112745243 A CN112745243 A CN 112745243A
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methoxybenzonitrile
aprotic polar
polar solvent
amount
weight
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张艳芳
路风奇
乔振
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Beijing Nutrichem Co ltd
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Beijing Nutrichem Co ltd
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    • CCHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C07ORGANIC CHEMISTRY
    • C07CACYCLIC OR CARBOCYCLIC COMPOUNDS
    • C07C253/00Preparation of carboxylic acid nitriles
    • C07C253/30Preparation of carboxylic acid nitriles by reactions not involving the formation of cyano groups

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  • Organic Chemistry (AREA)
  • Chemical Kinetics & Catalysis (AREA)
  • Organic Low-Molecular-Weight Compounds And Preparation Thereof (AREA)

Abstract

The invention relates to the field of preparation of pharmaceutical and pesticide intermediates, and discloses a novel preparation method of salicylaldehyde nitrile, which comprises the step of carrying out contact reaction on 2-methoxybenzonitrile and lithium halide in the presence of an aprotic polar solvent. The preparation method of the salicylonitrile is green and environment-friendly, mild in reaction conditions, simple and convenient to operate, and capable of obtaining the salicylonitrile with high yield.

Description

Process for preparing salicylanitrile
Technical Field
The invention relates to the field of preparation of medical and pesticide intermediates, in particular to a preparation method of salicylaldehyde.
Background
2-hydroxybenzonitrile (salicylanitrile) can be used as an important intermediate of bactericidal pesticides azoxystrobin of Strobilurin. The current processes for preparing salicylaldehyde mainly include the following three processes.
The first method is to produce high content salicylaldoxime from salicylaldehyde and hydroxylamine hydrochloride, and then obtain salicylanitrile by dehydration with acetic anhydride or thionyl chloride. The synthetic route is as follows:
Figure BDA0002255270630000011
the second method is that the commercial production process route of the salicylamide mainly adopts the dehydration of the salicylamide and phosgene or thionyl chloride or phosphorus oxychloride and the like to prepare the salicylamide. The synthetic route is shown as the following formula:
Figure BDA0002255270630000012
the third is an o-chlorobenzonitrile route (CN102311364B), the synthetic route is shown as follows:
Figure BDA0002255270630000013
the first salicylaldehyde route has the advantages of multiple process steps, complex operation, high raw material cost, low total yield of only 55-58 percent, large amount of three wastes (18 tons of waste water per ton of product reported by literature), and unsuitability for industrial production; the second salicylamide route method has simple steps and few three wastes, but uses the highly toxic gas phosgene in the reaction process, so that the environmental pollution is easily caused and the personal safety of operators is threatened, and the salicylamide as the main raw material has higher price, so that the cost is increased; the third approach of o-chlorobenzonitrile is the united patent CN102311364B, which adopts a one-pot method of etherification/demethylation of sodium methoxide or sodium ethoxide at high temperature in a pressure device, the reaction conditions of the method do not need water operation, the conditions are relatively harsh, and the high temperature under alkaline conditions has the risk of generating impurities (generating cyano decomposition products amide, acid, and phenol by high temperature decomposition), and in addition, the conditions have certain influence on selectivity, which is not favorable for the separation of products.
Disclosure of Invention
The invention aims to overcome the problems in the prior art and provide a novel method for preparing the salicylaldehyde, which is environment-friendly, mild in reaction condition, simple and convenient to operate and capable of obtaining the salicylaldehyde with high yield.
In order to achieve the above object, the present invention provides a process for producing a salicylanitrile, which comprises subjecting 2-methoxybenzonitrile to a contact reaction with a lithium halide in the presence of an aprotic polar solvent.
Preferably, the lithium halide is used in an amount of 4 to 18 moles with respect to 1 mole of 2-methoxybenzonitrile.
Preferably, the lithium halide is used in an amount of 4 to 12 moles with respect to 1 mole of 2-methoxybenzonitrile.
Preferably, the aprotic polar solvent is used in an amount of 4 to 25 parts by weight, relative to 1 part by weight of 2-methoxybenzonitrile.
Preferably, the aprotic polar solvent is used in an amount of 4 to 20 parts by weight, relative to 1 part by weight of 2-methoxybenzonitrile.
Preferably, the aprotic polar solvent is used in an amount of 4 to 15 parts by weight, relative to 1 part by weight of 2-methoxybenzonitrile.
Preferably, the lithium halide is one or more of lithium chloride, lithium iodide and lithium bromide.
Preferably, the aprotic polar solvent is one or more of N, N-dimethylformamide, dimethyl sulfoxide, N-methylpyrrolidone, N-dimethylacetamide, 1, 3-dimethyl-2-imidazolidinone (DMI), sulfolane, and hexamethylphosphoric triamide (HMPA).
Preferably, the conditions of the contact reaction include: the temperature of the contact reaction is 120-200 ℃, and the time of the contact reaction is more than 10 hours.
Preferably, the method further comprises the step of removing the solvent from the product after the contact reaction and then adding water for acidification.
According to the method, 2-methoxybenzonitrile is contacted with lithium halide to remove methyl in an aprotic polar solvent such as DMF (dimethyl formamide) under normal pressure, so that cyano is prevented from being decomposed; further ensuring the reaction selectivity and yield, stabilizing the yield and simplifying the post-treatment. In addition, the reaction conditions are normal pressure reaction, a pressure kettle is not needed, the required equipment is simple, and the safety risk of industrial production is reduced.
Detailed Description
The endpoints of the ranges and any values disclosed herein are not limited to the precise range or value, and such ranges or values should be understood to encompass values close to those ranges or values. For ranges of values, between the endpoints of each of the ranges and the individual points, and between the individual points may be combined with each other to give one or more new ranges of values, and these ranges of values should be considered as specifically disclosed herein.
The invention provides a preparation method of salicylaldehyde nitrile, which comprises the step of carrying out contact reaction on 2-methoxybenzonitrile and lithium halide in the presence of an aprotic polar solvent.
According to the present invention, it is preferable that the lithium halide is used in an amount of 2 to 18 moles per 1 mole of 2-methoxybenzonitrile from the viewpoint of improvement of reaction yield and reduction of cost; more preferably, the lithium halide is used in an amount of 4 to 12 moles with respect to 1 mole of 2-methoxybenzonitrile; further preferably, the lithium halide is used in an amount of 4 to 10 moles with respect to 1 mole of 2-methoxybenzonitrile.
Preferably, the lithium halide is one or more of lithium chloride, lithium iodide and lithium bromide.
According to the present invention, the aprotic polar solvent may be used in an amount such that 2-methoxybenzonitrile and lithium halide are well dissolved. For example. The aprotic polar solvent is used in an amount of 4 to 25 parts by weight relative to 1 part by weight of 2-methoxybenzonitrile; preferably, the aprotic polar solvent is used in an amount of 4 to 20 parts by weight, relative to 1 part by weight of 2-methoxybenzonitrile; more preferably, the aprotic polar solvent is used in an amount of 4 to 15 parts by weight relative to 1 part by weight of 2-methoxybenzonitrile.
Preferably, the aprotic polar solvent is one or more of N, N-dimethylformamide, dimethyl sulfoxide, N-methylpyrrolidone, N-dimethylacetamide, 1, 3-dimethyl-2-imidazolidinone (DMI), sulfolane, and hexamethylphosphoric triamide (HMPA); more preferably, the aprotic polar solvent is one or more of N, N-dimethylformamide, dimethylsulfoxide, 1, 3-dimethyl-2-imidazolidinone (DMI), and N-methylpyrrolidone.
According to the present invention, preferably, the conditions of the contact reaction include: the temperature of the contact reaction is 120-200 ℃, and the time of the contact reaction is more than 10 hours; more preferably, the conditions of the contact reaction include: the temperature of the contact reaction is 150 ℃ and 165 ℃, and the time of the contact reaction is 18-25 hours.
According to the present invention, preferably, the method further comprises a step of removing the solvent from the product after the contact reaction and then adding water for acidification.
The method for removing the solvent is not particularly limited, and the solvent can be removed by a method generally used in the art, for example, by a method such as concentration under reduced pressure.
The amount of water added in the above-mentioned acidification with water is usually 3 to 4 volumes based on the reaction solvent, and the pH after acidification may be, for example, 2 to 3. The acid used for acidification may be, for example, one or more of hydrochloric acid, sulfuric acid, phosphoric acid.
According to the invention, after acidification, solid-liquid separation is carried out to obtain the salicylaldehyde solid, and the salicylaldehyde solid can be washed and dried as required.
The present invention will be described in detail below by way of examples, but the present invention is not limited to the following examples.
Example 1
2-methoxybenzonitrile (29g, 0.218mol), DMF120g, and anhydrous lithium chloride (37.0 g, 0.872mol) were added to a 500ml four-necked flask, and after refluxing under heating for 25 hours, a sample was taken and the reaction was completed. The solvent was removed, 75g of water was added, hydrochloric acid was added to adjust the pH to 3, and a solid precipitated. The solid was filtered, rinsed and dried to give 24.9g of a white-like solid with a content of 99% by weight, yield: 96 percent. The solid product was identified as salicylaldehyde by nuclear magnetic and mass spectrometry data as follows.
1H-NMR(500MHz,d6-DMSO):δ11.036(s,1H),7.594-7.576(dd,1H,)7.501-7.466(m,1H),7.002-7.019(d,1H),6.934-6.903(t,1H)。
LCMS(M+1):120.04。
Example 2
2-methoxybenzonitrile (29g, 0.218mol), DMF300g, and anhydrous lithium iodide 118.0g (0.872mol) were added to a 500ml four-necked flask, and the mixture was refluxed for 22 hours to take out a sample, whereupon the reaction was completed. The solvent was removed, 75g of water was added, hydrochloric acid was added to adjust the pH to 3, and a solid precipitated. The solid was filtered, rinsed and dried to give 25.0g of a white-like solid with a content of 99% by weight, yield: 96.5 percent. The solid was identified as salicylaldehyde by nuclear magnetic and mass spectral data.
Example 3
2-Methoxybenzonitrile (29g, 0.218mol), DMF300g, and anhydrous lithium bromide 191.2g (2.18mol) were added to a 500ml four-necked flask, and the mixture was refluxed for 22 hours to sample, whereupon the reaction was completed. The solvent was removed, 75g of water was added, hydrochloric acid was added to adjust the pH to 3, and a solid was precipitated. The solid was filtered, rinsed and dried to give 24.8g of a white-like solid with a content of 99% by weight, yield: 95.7 percent. The solid was identified as salicylaldehyde by nuclear magnetic and mass spectral data.
Comparative example 1
2-Methoxybenzonitrile (29g, 0.218mol), DMF120g, anhydrous hydrogen chloride gas (32g, 0.876mol) were added to a 500ml four-necked flask and heated under reflux. Sampling for 8 hours, wherein the product is 9.68 percent, and the raw material: 71.42 percent. Many side reactions occur.
Comparative example 2
2-methoxybenzonitrile (29g, 0.218mol), xylene (120 g), anhydrous lithium chloride (37g, 0.872mol) were added to a 500ml four-necked flask, and sampling was performed under reflux for 30 hours to obtain 2.80% of a product and 97.2% of a starting material. Substantially unreacted.
Comparative example 3
2-Methoxybenzonitrile (29g, 0.218mol), n-pentanol 180g anhydrous lithium chloride (37g, 0.872mol) were added to a 500ml four-necked flask, and sampling was performed under reflux for 30 hours, the product was 7.80%, and the starting material was 91%. Substantially unreacted.
The preferred embodiments of the present invention have been described above in detail, but the present invention is not limited thereto. Within the scope of the technical idea of the invention, many simple modifications can be made to the technical solution of the invention, including combinations of various technical features in any other suitable way, and these simple modifications and combinations should also be regarded as the disclosure of the invention, and all fall within the scope of the invention.

Claims (10)

1. A process for the preparation of a salicylanitrile, which comprises reacting 2-methoxybenzonitrile with a lithium halide in the presence of an aprotic polar solvent.
2. The method according to claim 1, wherein the lithium halide is used in an amount of 4 to 18 moles with respect to 1 mole of 2-methoxybenzonitrile.
3. The method according to claim 2, wherein the lithium halide is used in an amount of 4 to 12 moles with respect to 1 mole of 2-methoxybenzonitrile.
4. The method according to claim 1, wherein the aprotic polar solvent is used in an amount of 4 to 25 parts by weight relative to 1 part by weight of 2-methoxybenzonitrile.
5. The method according to claim 4, wherein the aprotic polar solvent is used in an amount of 4 to 20 parts by weight relative to 1 part by weight of 2-methoxybenzonitrile.
6. The method according to claim 5, wherein the aprotic polar solvent is used in an amount of 4 to 15 parts by weight relative to 1 part by weight of 2-methoxybenzonitrile.
7. The method of any one of claims 1-6, wherein the lithium halide is one or more of lithium chloride, lithium iodide, and lithium bromide.
8. The process of any one of claims 1-6, wherein the aprotic polar solvent is one or more of N, N-dimethylformamide, dimethyl sulfoxide, N-methylpyrrolidinone, N-dimethylacetamide, 1, 3-dimethyl-2-imidazolidinone, sulfolane, and hexamethylphosphoric triamide.
9. The method of any one of claims 1-6, wherein the conditions of the contact reaction comprise: the temperature of the contact reaction is 120-200 ℃, and the time of the contact reaction is more than 10 hours.
10. The method according to any one of claims 1 to 6, wherein the method further comprises a step of removing the solvent from the product after the contact reaction and then adding water for acidification.
CN201911050714.2A 2019-10-31 2019-10-31 Process for preparing salicylanitrile Pending CN112745243A (en)

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Cited By (1)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
CN113634206A (en) * 2021-08-10 2021-11-12 安徽广信农化股份有限公司 High-quality salicylonitrile and preparation method thereof

Citations (3)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US3585233A (en) * 1967-09-21 1971-06-15 May & Baker Ltd Process for the preparation of hydroxybenzonitriles
US20040024239A1 (en) * 2002-07-30 2004-02-05 Lung-Huang Kuo Process for preparing 3,4-dihydroxy-benzonitrile
US20060173207A1 (en) * 2002-09-11 2006-08-03 Degussa Ag Method for catalyst-free production of cyanophenols from methoxybenzonitriles

Patent Citations (3)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US3585233A (en) * 1967-09-21 1971-06-15 May & Baker Ltd Process for the preparation of hydroxybenzonitriles
US20040024239A1 (en) * 2002-07-30 2004-02-05 Lung-Huang Kuo Process for preparing 3,4-dihydroxy-benzonitrile
US20060173207A1 (en) * 2002-09-11 2006-08-03 Degussa Ag Method for catalyst-free production of cyanophenols from methoxybenzonitriles

Cited By (1)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
CN113634206A (en) * 2021-08-10 2021-11-12 安徽广信农化股份有限公司 High-quality salicylonitrile and preparation method thereof

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