CN112743460B - Rotary nozzle for strengthening grinding processing - Google Patents
Rotary nozzle for strengthening grinding processing Download PDFInfo
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- CN112743460B CN112743460B CN202011644348.6A CN202011644348A CN112743460B CN 112743460 B CN112743460 B CN 112743460B CN 202011644348 A CN202011644348 A CN 202011644348A CN 112743460 B CN112743460 B CN 112743460B
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- rotary
- pipe
- mixing
- nozzle
- tube
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B24—GRINDING; POLISHING
- B24C—ABRASIVE OR RELATED BLASTING WITH PARTICULATE MATERIAL
- B24C5/00—Devices or accessories for generating abrasive blasts
- B24C5/02—Blast guns, e.g. for generating high velocity abrasive fluid jets for cutting materials
- B24C5/04—Nozzles therefor
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B24—GRINDING; POLISHING
- B24C—ABRASIVE OR RELATED BLASTING WITH PARTICULATE MATERIAL
- B24C1/00—Methods for use of abrasive blasting for producing particular effects; Use of auxiliary equipment in connection with such methods
- B24C1/10—Methods for use of abrasive blasting for producing particular effects; Use of auxiliary equipment in connection with such methods for compacting surfaces, e.g. shot-peening
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B24—GRINDING; POLISHING
- B24C—ABRASIVE OR RELATED BLASTING WITH PARTICULATE MATERIAL
- B24C7/00—Equipment for feeding abrasive material; Controlling the flowability, constitution, or other physical characteristics of abrasive blasts
- B24C7/0046—Equipment for feeding abrasive material; Controlling the flowability, constitution, or other physical characteristics of abrasive blasts the abrasive material being fed in a gaseous carrier
Abstract
The invention discloses a rotary spray head for strengthening grinding processing, which comprises a mixing nozzle, a rotational flow outer pipe, a rotary inner pipe and a feeding pipe, wherein two ends of the rotational flow outer pipe are respectively and fixedly connected with the mixing nozzle and the feeding pipe; the inner cavity wall of the rotational flow outer pipe is provided with a spiral guide groove; the feeding pipe is provided with two feeding ports which are respectively communicated with the spiral guide groove of the rotational flow outer pipe and the inner cavity of the rotary inner pipe; and the spiral guide groove of the rotational outer pipe and the outlet of the rotational inner pipe are communicated with the inlet of the mixing nozzle. The rotary spray head has better entrainment capacity, mixing capacity, stability, accuracy and range capacity, and can effectively improve the precision and quality of reinforced grinding processing.
Description
Technical Field
The invention relates to a reinforced grinding device, in particular to a rotary nozzle for reinforced grinding.
Background
The principle of the reinforced grinding processing is that steel balls, grinding powder, grinding fluid and compressed gas are mixed and sprayed to the surface of a workpiece to be processed, and mixed jet flow sprayed obliquely and at high speed generates random equal probability collision (plastic processing and residual pressure stress generation) and micro cutting (grinding) on the surface of the workpiece to be processed, so that the metal workpiece obtains lower surface roughness and consistency (shape control) thereof, and simultaneously obtains an oil pocket which is beneficial to lubrication and high performances of small friction, corrosion resistance, wear resistance, fatigue resistance and the like. When the mixed jet impacts the surface of the workpiece, the surface plastic strengthening and two-stage grinding and cutting effects are simultaneously performed on the workpiece, so that the surface strength of the workpiece is improved, the surface roughness of the workpiece is improved, and the service life of the workpiece is prolonged.
In the traditional grinding process, the mixed material is sprayed into the surface of a workpiece at a high speed through a straight nozzle, firstly, the mixed material is a set of gas, liquid and solid three-state materials, and the mixing uniformity of the mixed material not only directly influences the grinding effect, but also influences the stability of a feeding system; secondly, due to the influence of gravity, the grinding non-rotating jet flow can be inclined downwards in the jetting process, so that the stability, accuracy and range of the grinding jet flow are reduced, the target position cannot be accurately machined, and the grinding machining effect is directly influenced. Therefore, some processing methods for spraying through a rotating nozzle are proposed in the prior art, because the rotating nozzle can generate a rotating jet with a three-dimensional speed, compared with a jet without the rotating jet or generated by a single nozzle, the rotating jet has better entrainment capacity and blending capacity, and higher stability, accuracy and range, and the rotating nozzle for reinforcing grinding processing needs to generate a jet with a certain axial speed and a certain tangential speed.
Based on the superiority of the rotary jet flow in the speed form, the rotary spray head can improve the entrainment capacity, the mixing capacity, the stability, the accuracy and the range of the rotary spray head, and plays a positive role in further improving the accuracy and the quality of grinding processing. The generation modes of the rotating jet flow are roughly divided into two types: one is to add rotation by tangential feeding, and the other is to add rotation by a guide element. The single tangential feeding and rotating axial speed is small, and the formed rotating jet flow is easy to diffuse and can not meet the processing requirement; the single guide element plus rotation may cause the maximum axial velocity to be eccentric, reducing the machining accuracy and quality. The rotating jet produced in the above manner is therefore not suitable for intensive abrasive machining.
Disclosure of Invention
The invention aims to overcome the existing problems and provide a rotary spray head for strengthening grinding processing, which has better entrainment capacity, blending capacity, stability, accuracy and range capacity and can effectively improve the precision and quality of the strengthening grinding processing.
The purpose of the invention is realized by the following technical scheme:
a rotary spray head for strengthening grinding processing comprises a mixing nozzle, a rotational flow outer pipe, a rotary inner pipe and a feeding pipe, wherein two ends of the rotational flow outer pipe are fixedly connected with the mixing nozzle and the feeding pipe respectively; the rotating inner pipe is arranged in the inner cavity of the rotational flow outer pipe through a rotatable structure; the inner cavity wall of the rotational flow outer pipe is provided with a spiral guide groove;
the feeding pipe is provided with two feeding ports which are respectively communicated with the spiral guide groove of the rotational flow outer pipe and the inner cavity of the rotary inner pipe; and the spiral guide groove of the rotational outer pipe and the outlet of the rotational inner pipe are communicated with the inlet of the mixing nozzle.
The working principle of the rotary nozzle for strengthening grinding processing is as follows:
during the during operation, will mix through the conveyer pipe and grind during the material carries the pan feeding pipe, partly mix and grind the material and flow into the spiral guide slot of whirl outer tube through the pan feeding pipe (this part grinds the material and is located between the outer wall of rotatory inner tube and the spiral guide slot), this part grinds the material and moves along spiral guide slot forward for this part grinds the tangential velocity of material and obtains the reinforcing, drives rotatory inner tube simultaneously and rotates, shifts to the mixing nozzle from the export of spiral guide slot at last. Meanwhile, the other part of the mixed grinding materials flows into the inner cavity of the rotating inner pipe through the feeding pipe, and the part of the grinding materials rotate along with the rotating inner pipe, so that the tangential speed of the part of the grinding materials is enhanced, and then the grinding materials are transferred into the mixing nozzle from the outlet of the rotating inner pipe. The two parts of grinding materials are converged in the mixing nozzle, the speed form at the moment is mainly coupled by axial speed and tangential speed, the tangential speed and the axial speed of fluid (grinding materials) are enhanced by the mixing tapered section of the mixing nozzle, the tangential speed of the fluid (grinding materials) is enhanced again, uniform gas, solid and liquid three-phase rotary grinding jet flow is formed in the mixing nozzle, and then the uniform gas, solid and liquid three-phase rotary grinding jet flow is stably sprayed on a workpiece at high speed, so that the strengthening effect with higher quality is obtained.
In a preferred embodiment of the present invention, the mixing nozzle includes a mixing tapered section connected to the swirling outer tube, and the mixing tapered section has a taper angle θ, where θ is 15 ° to 45 °.
In a preferred embodiment of the present invention, the mixing nozzle includes a mixing injection section, and the mixing injection section is provided with a high-pressure air inlet communicated with the high-pressure air blowing device, and the high-pressure air inlet is tangential to an inner cavity of the mixing injection section. During operation, high-pressure air is conveyed to the high-pressure air inlet by the high-pressure air blowing device, the high-pressure air around is sucked by the rotary jet flow, and a negative pressure area is formed in the mixing nozzle, so that the speed of the high-pressure air entering from the high-pressure air inlet is increased, and the mixing of gas, liquid and solid grinding materials is completed. Meanwhile, high-pressure gas enters the mixed injection section at a certain axial speed and a certain tangential speed and is mixed with the grinding materials, and the tangential speed and the axial speed of the grinding materials are greatly increased again.
Further, an included angle between the air inlet direction of the high-pressure air inlet and the axis of the mixed injection section is 60 degrees.
In a preferred embodiment of the present invention, the rotatable structure includes a rotating bearing, and two ends of the rotating inner tube are respectively connected to the bearing mounting groove of the swirling outer tube and the bearing mounting groove of the feeding tube through the rotating bearing.
Preferably, the thread pitch of the spiral guide groove is 0.1D-0.3D, the helix angle is 10-30 degrees, the number of turns is 5-10 turns, and the number of turns is 2 or 4 or 8; wherein D is the major diameter of the spiral guide groove.
According to a preferable scheme of the invention, one end of the inner cavity of the rotary inner tube, which is close to the feeding tube, is provided with an inner tube tapered section, and the other end of the inner cavity of the rotary inner tube is provided with an inner tube widened section; the diameter and the length of the inner pipe gradually-reducing section are respectively equal to the diameter and the length of the inner pipe gradually-widening section.
Preferably, the taper angle of the inner tube tapered section is α, α ═ 15 ° -45 °; the gradual wide angle of the gradual wide section of the inner pipe is beta, and the beta is 15-45 degrees.
In a preferable embodiment of the present invention, a plurality of uniformly distributed stirring-aid grooves are provided in the inner cavity wall of the rotating inner tube.
In a preferred embodiment of the present invention, a plurality of stirring blocks are disposed in the inner cavity of the rotating inner tube.
Through the structure, after the grinding materials enter the rotating inner pipe rotating from the feeding pipe, the axial speed and the tangential speed of the grinding materials can be improved under the action of the stirring assisting groove and the stirring block.
According to a preferable scheme of the invention, the feeding port of the feeding pipe comprises a circular feeding port and an annular feeding port, the annular feeding port is communicated with the spiral guide groove of the rotational flow outer pipe, and the circular feeding port is communicated with an inner cavity of the rotary inner pipe.
Compared with the prior art, the invention has the following beneficial effects:
1. according to the invention, by arranging the rotational flow outer pipe and the rotary inner pipe, after grinding materials enter the rotational flow outer pipe and the rotary inner pipe, tangential speeds are respectively obtained, and rotary jet flow is formed. After the mixture, the speed form of the grinding materials is mainly coupled by axial speed and tangential speed, the tapered section of the mixing nozzle enhances the tangential speed and the axial speed of fluid (grinding materials), the tangential speed of the fluid (grinding materials) is enhanced again, uniform gas, solid and liquid three-phase rotary grinding jet flow is formed in the mixing nozzle, and then the jet flow is stably sprayed on a workpiece at high speed, so that the enhancement effect with higher quality is obtained.
2. According to the invention, the grinding material in the rotational flow outer pipe is used for driving the rotating inner pipe to rotate, so that the grinding material in the rotating inner pipe obtains a tangential speed to form a rotating jet flow, other additional driving mechanisms are not needed, and the structure is very ingenious.
Drawings
Fig. 1 is a sectional view of a rotary head for intensive grinding processing in the present invention.
Fig. 2 is a perspective exploded view of the rotary nozzle for intensive grinding process according to the present invention.
Fig. 3 is a cross-sectional view of the mixing nozzle of fig. 1.
Fig. 4 is a bottom view of the mixing nozzle of fig. 1.
Fig. 5 is a cross-sectional view of the rotating inner tube of fig. 1.
Detailed Description
In order to make those skilled in the art understand the technical solutions of the present invention well, the following description of the present invention is provided with reference to the embodiments and the accompanying drawings, but the embodiments of the present invention are not limited thereto.
Referring to fig. 1 to 5, the rotary sprayer for intensive grinding processing in this embodiment includes a mixing nozzle 1, a swirling outer tube 2, a rotating inner tube 3, and a feeding tube 4, where two ends of the swirling outer tube 2 are respectively fixedly connected to the mixing nozzle 1 and the feeding tube 4, the rotating inner tube 3 is disposed in an inner cavity of the swirling outer tube 2 through a rotatable structure, the rotatable structure includes a rotating bearing 5, and two ends of the rotating inner tube 3 are respectively connected to a bearing mounting groove of the swirling outer tube 2 and a bearing mounting groove of the feeding tube 4 through the rotating bearing 5.
The inner cavity wall of the rotational flow outer pipe 2 is provided with a spiral guide groove 2-1, the thread pitch of the spiral guide groove 2-1 is 0.1D-0.3D, the helix angle is 10-30 degrees, the number of turns is 5-10 turns, and the number of threads is 2 or 4 or 8; wherein D is the major diameter of the spiral guide groove. Further, based on experiments and numerical simulation, it is known that the fluid passing through the spiral guide groove 2-1 is influenced by the structural parameters of the spiral, and the three-dimensional speed of the jet flow of the intensified abrasive jet and the rotating speed of the rotating inner tube are influenced. Within a fixed length, the smaller the pitch, the more the number of turns is increased, so that the longer the flow path is, the greater the attenuation on the axial speed of the fluid in the spiral guide groove 2-1 is, but the tangential speed of the fluid in the spiral guide groove 2-1 and the tangential speed of the fluid in the rotating inner pipe 3 are enhanced; within a fixed number of turns, too high a lift angle will also result in a longer flow path, the longer the flow path, the greater the attenuation of the tangential velocity of the fluid in the helical guideway 2-1 and the tangential velocity of the fluid in the rotating inner tube 3, but the greater the axial velocity of the fluid in the helical guideway 2-1, so the appropriate construction parameters are taken.
Referring to fig. 1-2, the feeding ports of the feeding pipe 4 comprise a circular feeding port 4-1 and an annular feeding port 4-2, the annular feeding port 4-2 is communicated with the spiral guide groove 2-1 of the rotational flow outer pipe 2, and the circular feeding port 4-1 is communicated with the inner cavity of the rotary inner pipe 3; and outlets of the spiral guide groove 2-1 of the rotational outer pipe 2 and the rotary inner pipe 3 are communicated with an inlet of the mixing nozzle 1.
Referring to fig. 1 to 4, the mixing nozzle 1 includes a mixing tapered section 1-1 and a mixing injection section 1-2, the mixing tapered section 1-1 is connected to a swirl outer tube 2, and a taper angle θ of the mixing tapered section 1-1 is 15 to 45 °.
Referring to fig. 1-4, a high-pressure air inlet 1-3 communicated with a high-pressure air blowing device is arranged on the mixing and spraying section 1-2, and the high-pressure air inlet 1-3 is tangential to the inner cavity of the mixing and spraying section 1-2. When the high-pressure air blower works, high-pressure air is conveyed to the high-pressure air inlets 1-3 by the high-pressure air blowing device, the high-pressure air around is sucked by the rotary jet flow, and a negative pressure area is formed in the mixing nozzle 1, so that the speed of the high-pressure air entering from the high-pressure air inlets 1-3 is increased, and the mixing of gas, liquid and solid grinding materials is completed. Meanwhile, high-pressure gas enters the mixed injection section 1-2 at a certain axial speed and tangential speed and is mixed with the grinding materials, and the tangential speed and the axial speed of the grinding materials are greatly increased again.
Further, the included angle between the air inlet direction of the high-pressure air inlet 1-3 and the axis of the mixed injection section 1-2 is 60 degrees.
Referring to fig. 5, one end of the inner cavity of the rotary inner tube 3, which is close to the feeding tube 4, is provided with an inner tube tapered section 1-1, and the other end is provided with an inner tube tapered section; the diameter and the length of the inner pipe tapered section 1-1 are respectively equal to the diameter and the length of the inner pipe widened section.
Further, the taper angle of the inner pipe tapered section 1-1 is alpha, and alpha is 15-45 degrees; the gradual wide angle of the gradual wide section of the inner pipe is beta, and the beta is 15-45 degrees.
Referring to fig. 5, a plurality of uniformly distributed stirring-assistant grooves 3-1 and stirring blocks 3-2 are arranged in the inner cavity wall of the rotating inner tube 3. Through the structure, after the grinding materials enter the rotating inner pipe 3 which rotates from the feeding pipe 4, the axial speed and the tangential speed of the grinding materials can be improved under the action of the stirring assisting groove 3-1 and the stirring block 3-2.
Referring to fig. 1 to 5, the working principle of the rotary nozzle for intensive grinding in the present embodiment is as follows:
during operation, the mixed grinding materials are conveyed into the feeding pipe 4 through the conveying pipe, one part of the mixed grinding materials flows into the spiral guide groove 2-1 of the rotational flow outer pipe 2 through the feeding pipe 4 (the part of the grinding materials are located between the outer wall of the rotary inner pipe 3 and the spiral guide groove 2-1), and the part of the grinding materials move forwards along the spiral guide groove 2-1, so that the tangential speed of the part of the grinding materials is enhanced, the rotary inner pipe 3 is driven to rotate at the same time, and finally the grinding materials are transferred into the mixing nozzle 1 from the outlet of the spiral guide groove 2-1. Meanwhile, another part of the mixed grinding materials flows into the inner cavity of the rotating inner tube 3 through the feeding tube 4, and the part of the grinding materials rotates along with the rotating inner tube 3, so that the tangential speed of the part of the grinding materials is enhanced, and then the part of the grinding materials is transferred into the mixing nozzle 1 from the outlet of the rotating inner tube 3. The two parts of grinding materials are converged in the mixing nozzle 1, the speed form at the moment is mainly coupled by axial speed and tangential speed, the tangential speed and the axial speed of fluid (grinding materials) are enhanced by the mixing tapered section 1-1 of the mixing nozzle 1, the tangential speed of the fluid (grinding materials) is enhanced again, uniform gas, solid and liquid three-phase rotary grinding jet flow is formed in the mixing nozzle 1, and then the jet flow is stably sprayed on a workpiece at high speed, so that the enhancement effect with higher quality is obtained.
The present invention is not limited to the above embodiments, and any other changes, modifications, substitutions, combinations, and simplifications which do not depart from the spirit and principle of the present invention should be construed as equivalents and are included in the scope of the present invention.
Claims (8)
1. A rotary nozzle for strengthening grinding processing is characterized by comprising a mixing nozzle, a rotational flow outer pipe, a rotary inner pipe and a feeding pipe, wherein two ends of the rotational flow outer pipe are fixedly connected with the mixing nozzle and the feeding pipe respectively; the rotating inner pipe is arranged in the inner cavity of the rotational flow outer pipe through a rotatable structure; the inner cavity wall of the rotational flow outer pipe is provided with a spiral guide groove;
the feeding pipe is provided with two feeding ports which are respectively communicated with the spiral guide groove of the rotational flow outer pipe and the inner cavity of the rotary inner pipe; the spiral guide groove of the rotational flow outer pipe and the outlet of the rotational inner pipe are both communicated with the inlet of the mixing nozzle;
the mixing nozzle comprises a mixing reducing section, the mixing reducing section is connected to the cyclone outer pipe, and the reducing angle of the mixing reducing section is theta, wherein the theta is 15-45 degrees;
the mixing nozzle comprises a mixing injection section, a high-pressure air inlet communicated with the high-pressure air blowing device is arranged on the mixing injection section, and the high-pressure air inlet is tangent to an inner cavity of the mixing injection section.
2. The rotary atomizing head for intensive grinding processing according to claim 1, wherein an angle between an air intake direction of the high-pressure air inlet and an axis of the mixing and injecting section is 60 °.
3. The rotary nozzle for intensive grinding processing as claimed in claim 1, wherein the rotatable structure comprises a rotary bearing, and both ends of the rotary inner tube are respectively connected in the bearing mounting groove of the cyclone outer tube and the bearing mounting groove of the feed tube through the rotary bearing.
4. The rotary nozzle for intensive grinding processing as claimed in claim 1, wherein the pitch of the spiral guide groove is 0.1D to 0.3D, the helix angle is 10 ° to 30 °, the number of turns is 5 to 10, and the number of turns is 2, 4 or 8; wherein D is the major diameter of the spiral guide groove.
5. The rotary nozzle for intensive grinding processing as claimed in claim 1, wherein an inner tube tapered section is provided at one end of the inner cavity of the rotary inner tube near the feed tube, and an inner tube tapered section is provided at the other end; the diameter and the length of the inner pipe gradually-reducing section are respectively equal to the diameter and the length of the inner pipe gradually-widening section.
6. The rotary nozzle for intensive abrasive machining according to claim 5, wherein the taper angle of the tapered section of the inner tube is α, which is 15 ° -45 °; the gradual wide angle of the gradual wide section of the inner pipe is beta, and the beta is 15-45 degrees.
7. The rotary nozzle for intensive grinding processing as claimed in claim 1, wherein a plurality of uniformly distributed stirring-aid grooves are provided in the inner cavity wall of the rotary inner tube; and a plurality of stirring blocks are arranged in the inner cavity of the rotary inner pipe.
8. The rotary nozzle for intensive grinding processing as recited in claim 1, wherein the inlet of the inlet tube comprises a circular inlet and an annular inlet, the annular inlet is in communication with the spiral guide groove of the outer swirling tube, and the circular inlet is in communication with the inner cavity of the inner swirling tube.
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| CN202011644348.6A CN112743460B (en) | 2020-12-31 | 2020-12-31 | Rotary nozzle for strengthening grinding processing |
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| CN202011644348.6A CN112743460B (en) | 2020-12-31 | 2020-12-31 | Rotary nozzle for strengthening grinding processing |
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| CN112743460B true CN112743460B (en) | 2022-04-15 |
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