CN112741153A - 果胶寡糖在防治猕猴桃采后病害中的应用 - Google Patents
果胶寡糖在防治猕猴桃采后病害中的应用 Download PDFInfo
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- 244000298697 Actinidia deliciosa Species 0.000 title claims abstract description 55
- 235000009436 Actinidia deliciosa Nutrition 0.000 title claims abstract description 55
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- 208000037265 diseases, disorders, signs and symptoms Diseases 0.000 title claims abstract description 43
- 229920001542 oligosaccharide Polymers 0.000 title claims abstract description 28
- 150000002482 oligosaccharides Chemical class 0.000 title claims abstract description 28
- 229920001277 pectin Polymers 0.000 title claims abstract description 28
- 235000010987 pectin Nutrition 0.000 title claims abstract description 28
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- 150000001875 compounds Chemical class 0.000 claims description 2
- 244000298800 Actinidia arguta Species 0.000 abstract description 9
- 235000016416 Actinidia arguta Nutrition 0.000 abstract description 9
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- 235000002242 Actinidia melanandra Nutrition 0.000 description 2
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- 241000500125 Cynomorium coccineum Species 0.000 description 1
- 208000035240 Disease Resistance Diseases 0.000 description 1
- 241000233866 Fungi Species 0.000 description 1
- 241000282553 Macaca Species 0.000 description 1
- 229920002230 Pectic acid Polymers 0.000 description 1
- 235000015055 Talinum crassifolium Nutrition 0.000 description 1
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- 230000002378 acidificating effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 150000007513 acids Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- 230000003115 biocidal effect Effects 0.000 description 1
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Abstract
本发明公开了果胶寡糖在防治猕猴桃采后病害中的应用。本发明果胶寡糖在如下1)‑3)中的应用：1)防治猕猴桃采后病害；2)作为防治猕猴桃采后病害的试剂；3)制备防治猕猴桃采后病害的产品。本发明采用果胶寡糖防治猕猴桃采后病害的方法，包括如下步骤：1)选取无病害和机械伤害的猕猴桃果实，经体积百分含量为1～2％的次氯酸钠消毒；2)对步骤1)消毒后的猕猴桃采用果胶寡糖水溶液浸泡。本发明POS对软枣猕猴桃采后病害具有较好的控制效果；POS对红阳猕猴桃采后灰霉病具有较好的控制效果。
Description
技术领域
本发明涉及果胶寡糖的用途，具体涉及果胶寡糖在防治猕猴桃采后病害中的应用，果胶寡糖在作为防治猕猴桃采后病害的试剂中的应用，制备防治猕猴桃采后病害的产品中的应用，属于水果病害防治领域。
背景技术
猕猴桃营养丰富，风味独特，深受消费者的喜爱。然而，猕猴桃采后后熟迅速，抗病力下降快，容易腐烂。灰葡萄孢(Botrytis cinerea)、扩展青霉(Penicillium expansum)、拟茎点霉(Phomopsis spp.)等真菌是引起猕猴桃采后腐烂的主要病原菌。生产上，采前和采后喷施化学农药仍然是防治猕猴桃采后病害的主要方法。然而，基于化学农药的防治技术会带来食品安全问题，寻找安全、绿色的果实采后腐烂防治方法成为猕猴桃采后病害防控技术的研究热点。果胶寡糖(英文名称Pectin oligosaccharides，简称POS)是植物中一种复杂的酸性分支多糖，可以多聚半乳糖醛酸为原料，经来源于Aspergillus luchuensis的内生聚半乳糖醛酸酶II B(PgaB)消化获得。POS生物安全性高，易溶于水，化学稳定性好。
发明内容
本发明的目的是提供果胶寡糖的用途，具体为果胶寡糖在防治猕猴桃采后病害中的应用。
本发明提供了果胶寡糖在如下1)-3)中的应用：
1)防治猕猴桃采后病害；
2)作为防治猕猴桃采后病害的试剂；
3)制备防治猕猴桃采后病害的产品。
本发明还提供了果胶寡糖在如下a)-c)中的应用：
a)防治灰霉引起的猕猴桃采后病害；
b)作为防治灰霉引起的猕猴桃采后病害的试剂；
c)制备防治灰霉引起的猕猴桃采后病害的产品。
本发明中，所述猕猴桃的品种为本领域公知的品种133软枣猕猴桃和红阳猕猴桃。
本发明还提供了一种采用果胶寡糖防治猕猴桃采后病害的方法，包括如下步骤：1)选取无病害和机械伤害的猕猴桃果实，经体积百分含量为1～2％的次氯酸钠消毒；
2)对步骤1)消毒后的猕猴桃采用果胶寡糖水溶液浸泡。
上述的方法中，所述果胶寡糖水溶液浓度可为50～500mg L-1，具体可为50mg L-1、250mg L-1或500mg L-1。
上述的方法中，当所述猕猴桃采后病害为灰霉引起时，所述果胶寡糖水溶液的浓度为100～500mg L-1，具体可为250mg L-1、500mg L-1或250～500mg L-1。
上述的方法中，所述浸泡的时间可为5～15分钟，具体可为10分钟、5～10分钟、10～15分钟或7～12分钟。
本发明进一步提供了一种防治猕猴桃采后病害或防治灰霉引起的猕猴桃采后病害的产品，该产品的有效成分为果胶寡糖。
本发明具有以下优点：
POS对软枣猕猴桃采后病害具有较好的控制效果；
POS对红阳猕猴桃采后灰霉病具有较好的控制效果。
附图说明
图1为本发明实施例1中POS处理对软枣猕猴桃自然发病率的影响。
图2为本发明实施例2中POS处理对红阳猕猴灰霉病发病率的影响。
具体实施方式
下述实施例中所使用的实验方法如无特殊说明，均为常规方法。
下述实施例中所用的材料、试剂等，如无特殊说明，均可从商业途径得到。
下述实施例中POS按照如下文献制得：Howlader P.,Bose S.K.,Zhang C.,JiaX.C.,Wang W.X,Yin H.2020.Pectin oligosaccharide(POS)induce resistance inArabidopsis thaliana through salicylic acid-mediated signaling pathwayagainst Pseudomonas syringae pv.tomato DC3000.Physiological and MolecularPlant Pathology,110:101483)；
灰霉病菌来源：Liu XY,Ji DC,Cui XM,Zhang ZQ,Li BQ,Xu Y,Chen T*,TianSP.2020.p-Coumaric acid induces antioxidant capacity and defense responses ofsweet cherry fruit to fungal pathogens.Postharvest Biology and Technology,169:111297。
实施例1：
1、材料和方法
1.1试验材料
软枣猕猴桃采自辽宁丹东，品种为133。
1.2果实处理
选用大小统一、无病害、八成熟的软枣猕猴桃果实。经2％的次氯酸钠消毒后，随机分为三组。选用50mg L-1、500mg L-1浓度的果胶寡糖水溶液POS浸泡处理软枣猕猴桃(10分钟)，蒸馏水处理作为对照。处理后的猕猴桃常温(25℃，下同)条件下贮藏，定期调查果实的自然发病率。
2、研究结果
结果如图1所示。由图1可知，常温条件下软枣猕猴桃从第3天开始发病，随后发病率逐步上升，50mg L-1和500mg L-1浓度的POS处理的果实发病率低于对照，500mg L-1POS处理的效果更好。
3、结论
POS对软枣猕猴桃采后病害具有较好的控制效果。
实施例2、
1、材料和方法
1.1试验材料
猕猴桃采自浙江温州，品种为红阳。
1.2果实处理
选取无病害和机械伤害的红阳猕猴桃果实，经2％的次氯酸钠消毒后，随机分为四组。选用50mg L-1、250mg L-1、500mg L-1的POS作实验组浸泡处理红阳猕猴桃10分钟，蒸馏水处理作为对照。
1.3病原菌接种
在果实赤道部刺一个直径3mm深3mm的伤口。每个伤口接种10μL浓度为1×105个/mL的灰霉孢子悬液。接种后的果实常温贮藏，定期检测发病情况。
2、研究结果
结果如图2所示，由图2可知，常温条件下红阳猕猴桃接种灰霉菌后第2天开始发病，接种后72h，250mg L-1和500mg L-1POS处理的猕猴桃发病率明显低于对照。
3、结论
POS对红阳猕猴桃采后灰霉病具有较好的控制效果。
Claims (7)
1.果胶寡糖在如下1)-3)中的应用：
1)防治猕猴桃采后病害；
2)作为防治猕猴桃采后病害的试剂；
3)制备防治猕猴桃采后病害的产品。
2.果胶寡糖在如下a)-c)中的应用：
a)防治灰霉引起的猕猴桃采后病害；
b)作为防治灰霉引起的猕猴桃采后病害的试剂；
c)制备防治灰霉引起的猕猴桃采后病害的产品。
3.一种采用果胶寡糖防治猕猴桃采后病害的方法，包括如下步骤：1)选取无病害和机械伤害的猕猴桃果实，经体积百分含量为1～2％的次氯酸钠消毒；
2)对步骤1)消毒后的猕猴桃采用果胶寡糖水溶液浸泡。
4.根据权利要求3所述的方法，其特征在于：所述果胶寡糖水溶液的浓度为50～500mgL-1。
5.根据权利要求3所述的方法，其特征在于：当所述猕猴桃采后病害为灰霉引起时，所述果胶寡糖水溶液的浓度为100～500mg L-1。
6.根据权利要求3-5中任一项所述的方法，其特征在于：所述浸泡的时间为5～15分钟。
7.一种防治猕猴桃采后病害或防治灰霉引起的猕猴桃采后病害的产品，其特征在于：该产品的有效成分为果胶寡糖。
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Citations (5)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| US6060429A (en) * | 1994-07-25 | 2000-05-09 | State of Israel--Ministry of Agriculture | Composition and method for controlling plant diseases caused by fungi |
| WO2019110538A1 (en) * | 2017-12-04 | 2019-06-13 | Institut National De La Recherche Agronomique | Novel phytopharmaceutical compounds and compositions, preparation and uses thereof |
| CN110037102A (zh) * | 2019-05-20 | 2019-07-23 | 绍兴文理学院 | 一种防治果实采后霉菌病害的制剂 |
| CN110583762A (zh) * | 2019-08-12 | 2019-12-20 | 天津科技大学 | 一种抑制果实软化和减轻机械损伤危害的寡糖保鲜剂及使用方法和用途 |
| FR3087440A1 (fr) * | 2018-10-22 | 2020-04-24 | Universite De Bourgogne | Composes polysaccharidiques, et leur utilisation pour stimuler des reponses de defense des plantes contre les microorganismes pathogenes |
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Patent Citations (6)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| US6060429A (en) * | 1994-07-25 | 2000-05-09 | State of Israel--Ministry of Agriculture | Composition and method for controlling plant diseases caused by fungi |
| WO2019110538A1 (en) * | 2017-12-04 | 2019-06-13 | Institut National De La Recherche Agronomique | Novel phytopharmaceutical compounds and compositions, preparation and uses thereof |
| FR3087440A1 (fr) * | 2018-10-22 | 2020-04-24 | Universite De Bourgogne | Composes polysaccharidiques, et leur utilisation pour stimuler des reponses de defense des plantes contre les microorganismes pathogenes |
| WO2020083871A1 (fr) * | 2018-10-22 | 2020-04-30 | Universite De Bourgogne | Composes polysaccharidiques, et leur utilisation pour stimuler des reponses de defense des plantes contre les microorganismes pathogenes |
| CN110037102A (zh) * | 2019-05-20 | 2019-07-23 | 绍兴文理学院 | 一种防治果实采后霉菌病害的制剂 |
| CN110583762A (zh) * | 2019-08-12 | 2019-12-20 | 天津科技大学 | 一种抑制果实软化和减轻机械损伤危害的寡糖保鲜剂及使用方法和用途 |
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Application publication date: 20210504 |