CN112736870A - Adjacent cooperative remote backup protection method - Google Patents
Adjacent cooperative remote backup protection method Download PDFInfo
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- CN112736870A CN112736870A CN202011549625.5A CN202011549625A CN112736870A CN 112736870 A CN112736870 A CN 112736870A CN 202011549625 A CN202011549625 A CN 202011549625A CN 112736870 A CN112736870 A CN 112736870A
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- H—ELECTRICITY
- H02—GENERATION; CONVERSION OR DISTRIBUTION OF ELECTRIC POWER
- H02H—EMERGENCY PROTECTIVE CIRCUIT ARRANGEMENTS
- H02H7/00—Emergency protective circuit arrangements specially adapted for specific types of electric machines or apparatus or for sectionalised protection of cable or line systems, and effecting automatic switching in the event of an undesired change from normal working conditions
- H02H7/26—Sectionalised protection of cable or line systems, e.g. for disconnecting a section on which a short-circuit, earth fault, or arc discharge has occured
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Abstract
The invention discloses a remote backup protection method based on adjacent cooperative matching, and belongs to the field of relay protection of power systems. The method comprises the following steps: the starting state, the action state and the electric quantity of the protection and the adjacent protection are obtained, and the function of natural step-by-step matched remote backup protection is realized for various multi-side protected equipment (such as T-connection lines, buses and the like) through the action logic combination provided by the invention. The invention provides a protection method for realizing optimal decision and adjacent coordination without depending on a communication main station and without complicated setting aiming at the requirements of far backup protection in the station domain protection of an alternating current power system and a direct current power system, the protection with remote communication capability (such as wide area protection) and the protection with wireless communication capability (such as 5G communication) of a power distribution network, thereby solving the problem that the main protection can not reliably remove faults due to the failure of adjacent circuit breakers, the failure of adjacent protection including the voltage loss of adjacent protection control equipment, the insufficient sensitivity of a main protection scheme, the setting failure and the like.
Description
Technical Field
The invention belongs to the field of relay protection of power systems, and particularly relates to an adjacent cooperative remote backup protection method.
Background
The relay protection is a first defense line for ensuring the safety of a large power grid. If the protection device can not act correctly, quickly and reliably when a fault occurs, the accident is easily expanded, and even large-area power failure is caused. In recent years, the power grid is continuously enlarged and complicated, and the construction of the smart power grid puts higher requirements on relay protection, especially backup protection of the power system.
When the main protection fails, the breaker fails and the action is refused, the fault needs to be reliably removed by the backup protection. The traditional backup protection generally adopts stage distance protection or zero sequence overcurrent protection, and has the defects of complex setting, difficult matching, slow action speed, poor selectivity, incapability of adapting to the change of a complex operation mode and the like. The traditional relay protection makes decisions and judges according to local measurement signals of protection installation points or protected elements, and the protection does not have a global comprehensive view angle, so that the judgment is not optimal. Many researchers propose wide area protection as a backup protection method, but the method also has the problems of high dependence on a wide area protection master station, huge communication traffic and difficult division of protection range.
Disclosure of Invention
Aiming at the defects or the improvement requirements of the prior art, the invention provides a far backup protection method with adjacent cooperative matching, which aims to realize optimal decision and adjacent cooperative without depending on a communication master station and without depending on complicated setting, thereby solving the problem that the main protection cannot reliably remove faults due to the failure of adjacent circuit breakers, the failure of adjacent protection including the voltage loss of adjacent protection control equipment, the insufficient sensitivity of a main protection scheme, the setting failure and the like.
To achieve the above object, the present invention provides a method for far backup protection with abutting cooperative engagement, comprising:
s1, acquiring the starting element state of the protection device, sending the current state information of the protection device to an adjacent protection device, and receiving the current state information of the adjacent protection device sent by the adjacent protection device;
s2, acquiring a main protection starting state of the protection device, and judging whether main protection of the protection device should act or not by combining the starting element state of the protection device; if yes, the protection device sends a tripping command to a circuit breaker in a protection area where the protection device is located; if not, go to step S3; wherein the main protection is a ratio brake type differential protection;
s3, acquiring state information of starting elements of adjacent protection devices and fault characteristic information of adjacent protection areas, and judging whether the protection device is used as a far backup protection action or not by combining the starting element state, the main protection starting state and the main protection action state of the protection device; if yes, the protection device sends a tripping command to a circuit breaker in a protection area where the protection device is located; if not, the protection device returns after the element to be started returns.
Further, step S1 is specifically, when the protection device starts the element to operate, sending the mark of starting the element to the adjacent protection device, and the differential current and the braking current measured by the protection device in real time; when the starting element is not operated, the mark that the starting element is not operated is sent to the adjacent protection device.
Furthermore, the signal is transmitted and received between the protection device and the adjacent protection device in a digital communication mode.
Further, in step S2, the main protection action condition is MP _ OP ═ QD ═ MP _ QD, where MP _ OP is the main protection action signal, MP _ QD is the main protection start signal, and QD is the start element action signal.
Further, in step S3, specifically,
01. judging whether the protection device receives starting element state marks sent by the protection of all adjacent protection areas, if so, entering 03; if not, entering 02;
02. judging whether fault characteristics such as fault current does not disappear in an adjacent protection area which does not receive the starting element state mark are continuously detected in the setting time; if yes, judging that the adjacent protection area has a fault and the protection device fails, and sending a tripping instruction to all circuit breakers in the protection area by the protection device in the protection area; if not, judging that the protection devices of the adjacent protection areas are in voltage loss, and sending an alarm signal;
03. judging whether the starting element state received by the protection device is an action; if the operation is yes, entering 04; if the protection area is not operated, the adjacent protection area is considered to have no fault;
04. judging whether the composition condition of the extended differential protection is met; if the difference is satisfied, an extended differential protection is formed, an extended differential protection criterion is formed, when the extended differential protection criterion is continuously established within the setting time, the breaker failure in the adjacent protection area or the protection setting fault of the adjacent protection area is judged, and the protection device of the protection area sends a tripping command to all the breakers in the protection area; if not, the adjacent protection area is considered to have no fault; wherein, the extended differential protection indicates that the intrinsic protection and the adjacent protection jointly form the differential protection.
Further, the configuration conditions of the extended differential are:
wherein, IDIF_CRTIs a differential current, IRES_CRTIs the braking current.
Further, the expanded differential protection criterion is as follows:
wherein the content of the first and second substances,
for the purpose of the differential current of the present protection,
for the differential current of the adjacent protection,
for the purpose of the braking current of the present protection,
for the braking current of the adjacent protection,
for the current flowing through the connected branch, K1To extend the differential braking coefficient.
In general, the above technical solutions contemplated by the present invention can achieve the following advantageous effects compared to the prior art.
(1) The invention can effectively solve the technical problem that the main protection can not reliably remove the fault due to the failure of the circuit breaker, the failure of protection, the insufficient sensitivity of the main protection or the setting error and the like, and can ensure the selectivity and minimize the power loss range.
(2) Compared with the traditional backup protection, the protection scheme provided by the invention does not need complicated setting, can realize step-by-step coordination mainly by making logic judgment according to transmitted information, and cannot cause protection override action.
(3) The invention does not depend on a communication master station, information only needs to be transmitted between adjacent protection zones, the communication traffic is small, and each protection zone is clearly divided.
Drawings
Fig. 1 is an ac substation system in a single bus bar block configuration for illustrating an application example of the method of the present invention in detail;
FIG. 2 is a logic diagram of protection actions of the contiguous cooperative far backup protection method provided by the present invention;
fig. 3 is a logic diagram complementary to the extended differential protection logic of fig. 2.
Detailed Description
In order to make the objects, technical solutions and advantages of the present invention more apparent, the present invention is described in further detail below with reference to the accompanying drawings and embodiments. It should be understood that the specific embodiments described herein are merely illustrative of the invention and are not intended to limit the invention. In addition, the technical features involved in the embodiments of the present invention described below may be combined with each other as long as they do not conflict with each other.
All protection is provided with an initiating element responsive to system disturbances and differential protection covering 100% of the area to be protected. All current measurement loops in the protection area are synchronously collected. And all the protections related to the far backup range clearly determine the circuit breakers related to the protection area of the circuit breaker by setting. All protections and adjacent protections communicate in a digital mode, a bidirectional interconnection relation is established through IEC61850 GOOSE messages in the embodiment of the invention, and a data set of interaction GOOSE messages among the protections comprises an action mark (False or True, True when the starting element acts, False when the starting element does not act and returns) of the protection starting element, and differential current and brake current measured by the protection in real time;
specifically, the system shown in fig. 1 can be divided into eight protection zones P1 to P8, where P1 and P5 are transformer protection zones, P2 and P6 are bus protection zones, and the rest are outlet protection zones. The following incidence matrix can be formed according to the connection relation between each protection zone and the circuit breaker:
according to the matrix M, each protection can clearly define the adjacent relation between other protections and the protection. In the first row of matrix M there is M11＝M12When the number of the protection zones P1 is 1, the protection zone P2 is connected to the circuit breaker 1. Similarly, protection region P2 and protection region P3, protection region P2 and protection region P4, protection region P2 and protection region P6, protection region P5 and protection region P6, protection region P6 and protection region P7, and protection region P6 and protection region P8 are all in an adjacent relationship. And each protection device transmits the GOOSE message based on the adjacency relation.
The invention provides a method for protecting a far backup in an abutting cooperative fit manner, which comprises the following steps of:
s1, acquiring the starting element state of the protection device, sending the current state information of the protection device to an adjacent protection device, and receiving the current state information of the adjacent protection device sent by the adjacent protection device;
and when the starting element of the protection does not act, sending a GOOSE message with the action mark of the starting element being False to the adjacent protection. When the starting element of the protection responds to the fault disturbance and starts, according to the convention of GOOSE message event transmission time, a GOOSE message containing the starting element action mark as True is sent out, and delay timing is started to continuously monitor the branch with the maximum current flowing in the branches connected with the adjacent equipment.
Taking the case of a fault occurring in the P2 zone as an example, the startup element of the P2 protection zone senses the fault and starts QD equal to 1, and the protection elements of the other protection zones sense the fault and then start up successively. The P2 protection and the adjacent protection mutually send a GOOSE message containing a starting element action mark as True, and respectively start delay timing to continuously monitor the branch with the maximum current flowing in all branches connected with the adjacent equipment.
S2, acquiring a main protection starting state of the protection device, and judging whether main protection of the protection device should act or not by combining the starting element state of the protection device; if yes, the protection device sends a tripping command to a circuit breaker in a protection area where the protection device is located; if not, go to step S3; wherein the main protection is a ratio brake type differential protection;
the main protection action condition is MP _ OP ═ QD ═ MP _ QD, where MP _ OP is the main protection action signal, MP _ QD is the main protection start signal, and QD is the start element action signal.
When the P2 master protection determines that an internal fault occurs, the master protection start MP _ QD is equal to 1, the master protection action MP _ OP is equal to QD and MP _ QD is equal to 1, and a trip instruction is issued to remove the fault. Subsequently, the startup element returns and the startup element action flag becomes False, protecting the entire group from being reset.
S3, acquiring state information of starting elements of adjacent protection devices and fault characteristic information of adjacent protection areas, and judging whether the protection device is used as a far backup protection action or not by combining the starting element state, the main protection starting state and the main protection action state of the protection device; if yes, the protection device sends a tripping command to a circuit breaker in a protection area where the protection device is located; if not, the protection device returns after the element to be started returns.
When the adjacent electrical equipment breaks down, if the maximum current flowing in the branch circuit connected with the adjacent equipment is not disappeared all the time and the GOOSE message sent by the branch circuit corresponding to the adjacent protection is not received all the time, the set time T is passedsetAfter delaying, the adjacent protection is judged to be out of order, and the protection acts on the circuit breakers at all intervals in the protected range to selectively remove faults, namely, the far backup function is realized. When the fault is removed, the protection starting element returns, the protection is reset, and a GOOSE message containing a starting element action mark as False is sent to other adjacent protection; other adjacent protections protect the entire group from being reset after the startup element returns.
When adjacent electricWhen equipment has a fault, if the maximum current flowing in a branch circuit connected with adjacent equipment does not disappear all the time, the action mark of the starting element of the protection is True, and a GOOSE message which is sent by adjacent protection and contains the action mark of the starting element as True can be continuously received, the situation that the adjacent main protection acts and a breaker fails is judged, or the fault cannot be removed all the time due to insufficient sensitivity or setting fault of the adjacent main protection. If the protection is judged to be an external fault, the maximum current flowing through the connected branch is selected to continue tracking, the differential and braking current obtained by calculation of adjacent protection is extracted from the GOOSE message, the ratio of the differential current to the braking current is judged, if the condition of forming the expanded differential is met, the differential protection range is expanded to the adjacent protection and the protection, and an expanded differential protection criterion is formed. If the extended differential protection criterion is continuously satisfied, the set time T is passedsetAfter the delay, the protection action selectively removes the fault in all the circuit breakers at intervals in the protected range, namely, the far backup function is realized. And when the fault is removed, the starting element returns, and sends a GOOSE message containing the action mark of the starting element as False to other adjacent protection, and the other adjacent protection restores the whole group after the starting element returns.
The construction condition of the extended differential is
In the formula IDIF_CRTIs a differential current, IRES_CRTIf the ratio of the received differential current to the braking current is greater than a certain threshold value, it indicates that there is a fault in the protection area and the protection area is not cut off, and set DIF _ FLT in fig. 3 to 1;
the criterion of the expanded differential protection is that the differential current of the adjacent protection is extracted from the GOOSE message, and is summed with the differential current of the protection to obtain the expanded differential current through calculation; and extracting the brake current of the adjacent protection, summing the brake current of the adjacent protection, subtracting twice current flowing through the connected branch circuit, and calculating to obtain the expanded brake current. That is to say that the first and second electrodes,
wherein the content of the first and second substances,
for the purpose of the differential current of the present protection,
in order to be adjacent to the differential current of the protection,
for the purpose of the braking current of the present protection,
in order to be able to adjoin the braking current of the protection,
for the current flowing through the connected branch, K1To extend the differential braking coefficient.
Taking the case of a failure in the P2 zone and a failure in the protection of P2, the protection P2 after the failure cannot send a message to the adjacent protection. The protection P1 senses that the action QD of the post-fault startup element is equal to 1, the main protection action MP _ OP is equal to 0, senses that the branch fault current flowing through the circuit breaker Brk1 does not disappear until FLT _ notch is equal to 1, and senses that the GOOSE message NEIB _ SIG _ None transmitted by the protection P2 is not received until 1, and sets the time T after the settingsetAfter a delay, it is judged that protection P2 is out of order and far backup protection 1 is activated
The protection P1 acts on the circuit breakers Brk1 and Brk8 to selectively remove the fault, namely, the far backup function is realized. Similarly, protection P3 operates on circuit breaker Brk2, and protection P4 operates on circuit breaker Brk 3. And the starting element returns after the fault is removed, and sends a GOOSE message containing the action mark of the starting element as False to other adjacent protection, and the other protection restores the whole group after the starting element returns.
For the case of the failure of the breaker, the failure in the P2 zone and the failure of the breaker Brk4 are defined asFor example. The P2 protection judges that an internal fault occurs, the main protection acts on the breakers Brk1, Brk2, Brk3 and Brk4 in the zone, and the breaker Brk4 fails, so that the P2 and P6 protection still senses the fault current, the startup element action QD is equal to 1, and the P6 can continuously receive a GOOSE message NEIB _ SIG _ True which contains a startup element action flag True and is sent by the adjacent protection, wherein the GOOSE message NEIB _ SIG _ True is equal to 1. The main protection action MP _ OP of the protection P6 is equal to 0, the fault is judged as an external fault, the branch current of Brk4 is continuously tracked, the differential current and the braking current are extracted from a GOOSE message from P2, the ratio of the differential current to the braking current is judged to be larger than a setting value, the fault DIF _ FLT of the adjacent protection areas is equal to 1, the condition of forming an extended differential is met, and the extended differential protection is formed
And expanding the differential protection range to a protection zone P6 and a protection zone P2 to form an expanded differential protection criterion. If the extended differential protection action condition EXDIF _ OP is continuously satisfied with 1, the set time T is passedsetAfter a delay, far backup protection 2 starts
The protection P6 acts on circuit breakers Brk4, Brk5, Brk6 and Brk7, and selectively removes faults, namely, a far backup function is realized. Similarly, P1 acts on a circuit breaker Brk8, P3 acts on a circuit breaker Brk2, P4 acts on a circuit breaker Brk3, and after all protection elements return, the whole group is protected to return;
similarly, for the case of protection refusal, taking the case that a fault occurs in the P2 zone and the breaker Brk4 refuses as an example, the differential protection range is expanded to the protection zone P6 and the protection zone P2, the protection P6 operates on the breakers Brk4, Brk5, Brk6 and Brk7, and the fault is selectively removed, that is, the far backup function is realized. All protection after the starting element returns, the whole group is protected to reset.
It will be understood by those skilled in the art that the foregoing is only a preferred embodiment of the present invention, and is not intended to limit the invention, and that any modification, equivalent replacement, or improvement made within the spirit and principle of the present invention should be included in the scope of the present invention.
Claims (7)
1. A method of abutting cooperative remote backup protection, comprising:
s1, acquiring the starting element state of the protection device, sending the current state information of the protection device to an adjacent protection device, and receiving the current state information of the adjacent protection device sent by the adjacent protection device;
s2, acquiring a main protection starting state of the protection device, and judging whether main protection of the protection device should act or not by combining the starting element state of the protection device; if yes, the protection device sends a tripping command to a circuit breaker in a protection area where the protection device is located; if not, go to step S3; wherein the main protection is a ratio brake type differential protection;
s3, acquiring state information of starting elements of adjacent protection devices and fault characteristic information of adjacent protection areas, and judging whether the protection device is used as a far backup protection action or not by combining the starting element state, the main protection starting state and the main protection action state of the protection device; if yes, the protection device sends a tripping command to a circuit breaker in a protection area where the protection device is located; if not, the protection device returns after the element to be started returns.
2. An abutting cooperative remote backup protection method according to claim 1, wherein step S1 is specifically configured to, when the protection device starts an element operation, send an indication of the start of the element operation to the adjacent protection device, and the differential current and the braking current measured by the protection device in real time; when the starting element is not operated, the mark that the starting element is not operated is sent to the adjacent protection device.
3. An abutting cooperative remote backup protection method according to claim 2, characterized in that the signal is transmitted and received between the protection device and the adjacent protection device by means of digital communication.
4. An adjacency cooperative remote backup protection method according to any of claims 1-3, wherein the main protection action condition in step S2 is MP _ OP = QD ÷ MP _ QD, where MP _ OP is the main protection action signal, MP _ QD is the main protection enable signal, and QD is the enable element action signal.
5. An abutting cooperative far backup protection method according to claim 2, wherein step S3 is specifically,
01. judging whether the protection device receives starting element state marks sent by the protection of all adjacent protection areas, if so, entering 03; if not, entering 02;
02. judging whether fault characteristics such as fault current does not disappear in an adjacent protection area which does not receive the starting element state mark are continuously detected in the setting time; if yes, judging that the adjacent protection area has a fault and the protection device fails, and sending a tripping instruction to all circuit breakers in the protection area by the protection device in the protection area; if not, judging that the protection devices of the adjacent protection areas are in voltage loss, and sending an alarm signal;
03. judging whether the starting element state received by the protection device is an action; if the operation is yes, entering 04; if the protection area is not operated, the adjacent protection area is considered to have no fault;
04. judging whether the composition condition of the extended differential protection is met; if the difference is satisfied, an extended differential protection is formed, an extended differential protection criterion is formed, when the extended differential protection criterion is continuously established within the setting time, the breaker failure in the adjacent protection area or the protection setting fault of the adjacent protection area is judged, and the protection device of the protection area sends a tripping command to all the breakers in the protection area; if not, the adjacent protection area is considered to have no fault; wherein, the extended differential protection indicates that the intrinsic protection and the adjacent protection jointly form the differential protection.
6. An abutting cooperative remote backup protection method according to claim 5, wherein the extension differential is formed by the following conditions:
wherein, IDIF_CRTIs a differential current, IRES_CRTIs the braking current.
7. An adjacency-cooperative remote backup protection method according to claim 5, wherein the expanded differential protection criterion is:
wherein the content of the first and second substances,
for the purpose of the differential current of the present protection,
for the differential current of the adjacent protection,
for the purpose of the braking current of the present protection,
for the braking current of the adjacent protection,
for the current flowing through the connected branch, K1To extend the differential braking coefficient.
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| CN113964801A (en) * | 2021-10-13 | 2022-01-21 | 南京南瑞继保电气有限公司 | Distance protection optimization method and device for high-voltage line protection device |
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| CN116722512A (en) * | 2023-06-26 | 2023-09-08 | 国网安徽省电力有限公司淮北供电公司 | Intelligent management and setting verification system based on main-distribution cooperation distribution network protection |
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