CN112731308A - Self-adaptive low-frequency active cancellation radar stealth implementation method - Google Patents

Self-adaptive low-frequency active cancellation radar stealth implementation method Download PDF

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CN112731308A
CN112731308A CN202011532919.7A CN202011532919A CN112731308A CN 112731308 A CN112731308 A CN 112731308A CN 202011532919 A CN202011532919 A CN 202011532919A CN 112731308 A CN112731308 A CN 112731308A
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cancellation
active cancellation
frequency
signal
active
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王瑞
陈志新
唐建国
罗勇江
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Beijing Research Institute of Mechanical and Electrical Technology
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Beijing Research Institute of Mechanical and Electrical Technology
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    • GPHYSICS
    • G01MEASURING; TESTING
    • G01SRADIO DIRECTION-FINDING; RADIO NAVIGATION; DETERMINING DISTANCE OR VELOCITY BY USE OF RADIO WAVES; LOCATING OR PRESENCE-DETECTING BY USE OF THE REFLECTION OR RERADIATION OF RADIO WAVES; ANALOGOUS ARRANGEMENTS USING OTHER WAVES
    • G01S7/00Details of systems according to groups G01S13/00, G01S15/00, G01S17/00
    • G01S7/02Details of systems according to groups G01S13/00, G01S15/00, G01S17/00 of systems according to group G01S13/00
    • G01S7/36Means for anti-jamming, e.g. ECCM, i.e. electronic counter-counter measures

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  • Computer Networks & Wireless Communication (AREA)
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Abstract

The invention belongs to the technical field of electronic interference resistance and radar intelligent stealth, and discloses a method for realizing self-adaptive low-frequency active cancellation radar stealth. The method is based on an active cancellation processor and a bound cancellation parameter mapping relation set, the active cancellation device is integrated in a cancelled target, a receiving antenna and a transmitting antenna are designed in a conformal mode with the target, the active cancellation processor is divided into a manual mode and an automatic mode, the manual mode is that cancellation control parameters are manually issued through instructions and used for establishing the mapping relation set between target RCS reduction and cancellation processor parameters at different frequency points; in the automatic mode, the active cancellation processor automatically calls out corresponding cancellation parameters from the mapping relation set according to the measured signal frequency to realize self-adaptive active cancellation stealth; the RCS test system is built based on the compact range darkroom environment, performance evaluation can be carried out on active cancellation stealth systems of different targets, and the response time of active cancellation is only microsecond.

Description

Self-adaptive low-frequency active cancellation radar stealth implementation method
Technical Field
The invention belongs to the technical field of electronic countermeasure interference and radar intelligent stealth, and particularly relates to a method for realizing and verifying a self-adaptive low-frequency electromagnetic active cancellation stealth principle system.
Background
The active cancellation technology is an active stealth technology, and the basic flow is as follows: the cancellation device of the protected target immediately transmits a pair of cancellation waves after sensing incoming wave signals of the threat radar, the pair of cancellation waves and target scattering echoes have the same frequency, amplitude and opposite phases, and by combining an electromagnetic wave interference effect, the target scattering echoes and the pair of cancellation waves received by the detection radar can be cancelled before reaching a radar receiving antenna port, so that the target radar scattering cross section (RCS) is reduced, and radar stealth is realized.
The active cancellation stealth technology can adapt to the diversity of protected targets, does not require the targets to change the appearance or to be coated with wave-absorbing materials, and can adapt to the radar stealth of targets with any shapes only by binding a corresponding target characteristic database in principle.
Although the principle of the active cancellation technology is easy to understand, the specific implementation of the active cancellation technology has a plurality of technical difficulties, including threatening the real-time detection of the frequency, the amplitude and the phase of an incoming wave signal of the radar; a three-dimensional spatial fringe field pattern of the protected target; the precise generation of the wave elimination and the control of the amplitude, the phase and the polarization are carried out; and the performance characterization of the active cancellation stealth effect and the like. The realization of active cancellation of stealth relies on the breakthrough of these key technologies and difficulties.
The active stealth concept and theoretical research of cancellation are related to in China from the nineties of the last century. For example, the patent "a time-reversal electromagnetic cancellation method for active stealth", 201510226796.7 ", theoretically analyzes an electromagnetic cancellation method based on time-reversal focused transmission of electromagnetic waves, but the cancellation system is separated from the target. The patent ' stealth device, radar, forwarding type self-adaptive cancellation device and cancellation system ', 201320675127.4 ' theoretically analyzes a forwarding type cancellation device, but it is only suitable for specific situations where the frequency, direction and intensity of incident electromagnetic waves are not changed. The traditional cancellation design has corresponding limitations, and aircraft radar stealth real-time active cancellation in a dynamic scene is difficult to perform.
Disclosure of Invention
The invention aims to provide a method for realizing self-adaptive low-frequency active cancellation radar stealth, which is suitable for realizing low-frequency active cancellation stealth systems with different targets by utilizing a 0.3-2 GHz passive sensing system and a forwarding type cancellation signal generation system, has microsecond-order cancellation response time and can meet the requirements of active cancellation stealth principle verification and performance evaluation.
The invention adopts the following technical scheme:
a self-adaptive low-frequency active cancellation radar stealth implementation method comprises the following steps:
the method comprises the following steps: building an RCS test system based on a compact range darkroom environment, performing a background level test and a standard body test, and calibrating the test system;
step two: independently testing the metal plate target frequency sweep RCS, wherein electromagnetic waves vertically enter the metal plate target, and at the moment, the active cancellation processor does not work, so that the amplitude magnitude of self-scattering echoes of the reference state target is obtained;
step three: independently testing the radiation signal RCS sensed by the receiving antenna and transmitted by the transmitting antenna of the active cancellation processor, wherein the radiation signal RCS does not contain the target of the metal plate to be tested, and adjusting the amplitude modulation parameter of the active cancellation processor by using a manual mode to enable the amplitude magnitude of the transmitted radiation signal to be equivalent to the amplitude magnitude of the self-scattering echo of the target in the second step;
step four: the active cancellation processor works, the RCS of the metal plate target is tested again, the phase modulation parameter of the active cancellation processor is adjusted by using a manual mode, and the amplitude modulation parameter is finely adjusted until the RCS of the metal target is reduced, wherein the reduction peak value is more than 5 dB;
step five: repeating the second step and the fourth step to obtain a mapping relation set between the RCS reduction of the metal plate target and the parameters of the active cancellation processor under different typical frequency points, and storing the mapping relation set into the active cancellation processor; the parameters of the active cancellation processor are amplitude modulation and phase modulation parameters;
step six: the active cancellation processor is in an automatic mode, and the cancellation system automatically calls out corresponding cancellation parameters from the mapping library according to the measured signal frequency, so that RCS (remote control system) reduction of adaptive active cancellation is realized, and adaptive active cancellation stealth is realized.
According to the method, the receiving antenna and the transmitting antenna are installed on the cancelled target, and the transmitting antenna and the receiving antenna are conformal with the target, so that an additional scattering source is avoided. The receiving antenna and the transmitting antenna adopt a circular polarization working mode to adapt to radar waves with different polarizations, and the receiving antenna and the transmitting antenna can be respectively a single antenna or an array antenna.
The receiving antenna transmits the sensed threatening radar wave signals to the active cancellation processor for analysis, the active cancellation processor can achieve the functions of analyzing and displaying parameters such as frequency, phase, amplitude, pulse width and the like of the threatening radar wave signals in a 0.3-2 GHz frequency band, and then the active cancellation processor modulates the amplitude and the phase of the received signals and transmits and outputs the modulated signals.
The active cancellation processor mainly comprises: the system comprises a broadband reconnaissance module, a narrow-band radio frequency module, an electronic active cancellation generation module, an upper computer control module and the like. A received signal acquired by a receiving antenna is divided into two paths after passing through a power divider, one path of signal is provided for a broadband reconnaissance module to complete instantaneous reconnaissance and parameter measurement of the signal, and a narrow-band radio frequency module and an electronic active signal generation module are guided to work after preliminary frequency information of the received signal is obtained according to an instantaneous measurement result; and the other path of signal is directly provided for the narrow-band radio frequency module, and the narrow-band receiving of the received signal is completed through the frequency guiding information provided by the broadband detecting and receiving system, so that the signal is provided for the electronic active cancellation signal generating module to form a related radiation source cancellation signal. The signal transmitted by the system transmitting antenna is obtained by modulating the amplitude, the phase and the like of the received signal by the electronic active cancellation signal generating module. The active cancellation processor has the main technical indexes: the working frequency band is 0.3-2 GHz, the instantaneous bandwidth is greater than 50MHz, the frequency measurement accuracy is superior to 50kHz, the amplitude measurement accuracy is superior to 1dB, and the signal receiving form can be accepted: radar conventional pulse, chirp, single frequency. And the upper computer control module is mainly used for setting various control parameters, displaying a broadband interception result and the like.
The active cancellation processor is divided into a manual mode and an automatic mode. The manual mode is that the amplitude and phase control parameters of the cancellation signal are manually sent by an instruction, and the manual mode is used for establishing a mapping relation set between target RCS reduction and cancellation processor parameters under different frequency points through multiple tests and debugging and storing the mapping relation set into the cancellation processor. In the automatic mode, the cancellation system automatically calls out corresponding cancellation parameters from the mapping relation set according to the measured signal frequency, so that self-adaptive active cancellation stealth is realized, and the cancellation response time is microsecond order.
Because the mapping relation set is directly related to parameters such as frequency, azimuth, pitching and the like, the workload of establishing a complete mapping relation set through a manual mode is large. The cancellation processor can calculate the cancellation parameters of all frequency point signals by using a formula according to the finite frequency point mapping relation (interval of 1 MHz). The method for calculating the amplitude of the cancellation signal comprises the steps of fitting through test data envelopes of a limited single frequency point, and calculating a phase calculation formula of the cancellation signal according to phase changes of different frequency points, namely transmission delay.
An RCS test scheme of the active cancellation system is constructed based on a compact range darkroom environment, and performance evaluation can be performed on active cancellation stealth systems of different targets. The mapping relation between target RCS reduction and cancellation processor parameters under different frequency points is established in the following mode. Firstly, independently testing the self-scattering echo of a target, wherein the cancellation processor does not work at the moment; secondly, independently testing the radiation signals of the cancellation processor which are sensed by the receiving antenna and transmitted by the transmitting antenna, wherein the radiation signals do not contain the target to be tested; and finally, determining cancellation parameters according to the self-scattering echo of the target and the radiation signal of the transmitting antenna.
Different from other active cancellation stealth technologies, the radar stealth method based on the active cancellation processor and the bound cancellation parameter mapping relation set can adapt to radar stealth of targets with any shapes in principle. The active cancellation response time is only in the microsecond order, and the cancellation signal can be rapidly generated in a complex electromagnetic environment. An RCS test scheme of an active cancellation system is constructed based on a compact range darkroom environment, and performance evaluation can be performed on the active cancellation stealth effect of different targets.
Advantageous effects
(1) The active cancellation device is integrated in a cancelled target, and the receiving antenna, the transmitting antenna and the target are designed in a conformal manner, so that the active cancellation device can adapt to radar stealth of targets with any shapes in principle, and no additional scattering source is introduced.
(2) The active cancellation processor is divided into a manual mode and an automatic mode, wherein the manual mode is that cancellation control parameters are manually issued through instructions and used for establishing a mapping relation set between target RCS reduction and cancellation processor parameters under different frequency points; and under the automatic mode, the active cancellation processor automatically calls out corresponding cancellation parameters from the mapping relation set according to the measured signal frequency, so that self-adaptive active cancellation stealth is realized.
(3) The RCS test system is built based on the compact range darkroom environment, performance evaluation can be carried out on active cancellation stealth systems of different targets, and the response time of active cancellation is only microsecond.
Drawings
Fig. 1 is a schematic diagram of a metal plate active cancellation system.
Fig. 2 is a general block diagram of an active cancellation processor.
FIG. 3 is a schematic diagram of cable connections between modules of an active cancellation processor
FIG. 4 is a schematic diagram of a RCS test of a compact darkroom active cancellation system.
Fig. 5 is a comparison graph of the RCS reduction effect of active cancellation at different frequency points.
Detailed Description
The technical solution of the present invention is described in detail below with reference to the accompanying drawings and embodiments.
Examples
The schematic diagram of the active cancellation system of this embodiment is shown in fig. 1, the cancelled target is a 500mm × 500mm metal flat plate structure, on which a receiving antenna and two transmitting antennas are installed, the surface of the antenna is conformal with the surface of the metal flat plate, the polarization mode of the antenna is circular polarization, and the operating frequency band is 0.8-1.2 GHz. The input port of the active cancellation processor is connected with the receiving antenna, the output port of the active cancellation processor is connected with the transmitting antenna through a one-to-two power divider, and the time required by the active cancellation processor for receiving signals, analyzing and processing and forwarding the signals is 40 us.
The active cancellation processor is shown in fig. 2 and fig. 3, a received signal obtained by a receiving antenna is divided into two paths after power division, one path of signal is provided for a broadband reconnaissance module to complete instantaneous reconnaissance and parameter measurement of the signal, and after preliminary frequency information of the received signal is obtained according to an instantaneous measurement result, a narrow-band radio frequency module and an electronic active signal generation module are guided to work; and the other path of signal is directly provided for the narrow-band down-conversion module, and the narrow-band receiving of the received signal is completed through the frequency guide information provided by the broadband detection and reception system, so that the signal is provided for the electronic active cancellation signal generation module to form a related radiation source cancellation signal. The signal transmitted by the system transmitting antenna is obtained by modulating the amplitude, the phase and the like of the received signal by the electronic active cancellation signal generating module.
The specific implementation comprises the following steps:
(1) the method comprises the following steps: an RCS test system shown in FIG. 4 is built based on a compact darkroom environment, a background level test and a standard body test are carried out, and the test system is calibrated.
(2) Step two: the metal plate target sweep frequency RCS shown in figure 1 is independently tested, electromagnetic waves vertically enter the metal plate target, at the moment, the active cancellation processor does not work, and the self-scattering echo amplitude magnitude of the reference state target is obtained. As shown in fig. 5, which is a curve of the sweep RCS of the metal plate target.
(3) Step three: and independently testing the radiation signal RCS which is sensed by the receiving antenna and transmitted by the transmitting antenna of the active cancellation processor, wherein the radiation signal RCS does not contain the metal plate target to be tested. And adjusting the amplitude modulation parameters of the active cancellation processor by using a manual mode, so that the amplitude magnitude of the forwarded radiation signal is equivalent to the amplitude magnitude of the self-scattering echo of the target in the step two. In this embodiment, two typical frequency points are selected for debugging, which are 872.5MHz and 952.5MHz, respectively.
(4) Step four: the active cancellation processor works, the RCS of the metal plate target shown in the figure 1 is tested again, the phase modulation parameters of the active cancellation processor are adjusted by using a manual mode, the amplitude modulation parameters are finely adjusted until RCS reduction of the metal plate target at two typical frequency points of 872.5MHz and 952.5MHz respectively is observed, and the reduction peak value under the excitation state is ensured to be larger than 5dB at the moment.
(5) Step five: and repeating the second step and the fourth step to obtain a mapping relation set between the RCS reduction and the active cancellation processor parameters (amplitude modulation and phase modulation parameters) of the metal plate target at different typical frequency points (two typical frequency points of 872.5MHz and 952.5 MHz), and storing the mapping relation set into the active cancellation processor.
(6) Step six: the active cancellation processor is in an automatic mode, the cancellation system automatically calls out corresponding cancellation parameters from the mapping library according to the measured signal frequency, adaptive active cancellation RCS reduction is achieved, and performance test evaluation of the active cancellation stealth system is completed. As shown in the upper graph of fig. 5, when the measured signal frequency is 872.5MHz, the sheet metal target RCS is reduced from 9.87dBsm (reference state) to 0.73dBsm (excited state). As shown in the lower graph of fig. 5, when the measured signal frequency is 952.5MHz, the sheet metal target RCS is reduced from 9.38dBsm (reference state) to 3.68dBsm (excited state).
The above description and examples are only preferred embodiments of the present invention and should not be construed as limiting the present invention, it will be obvious to those skilled in the art that various modifications and changes in form and detail may be made based on the principle and construction of the present invention after understanding the content and design principle of the present invention, but such modifications and changes based on the inventive concept are still within the scope of the appended claims.

Claims (10)

1. A self-adaptive low-frequency active cancellation radar stealth implementation method is characterized by comprising the following steps: the method comprises the following steps:
the method comprises the following steps: building an RCS test system based on a compact range darkroom environment, performing a background level test and a standard body test, and calibrating the test system;
step two: independently testing the metal plate target frequency sweep RCS, wherein electromagnetic waves vertically enter the metal plate target, and at the moment, the active cancellation processor does not work, so that the amplitude magnitude of self-scattering echoes of the reference state target is obtained;
step three: independently testing the radiation signal RCS sensed by the receiving antenna and transmitted by the transmitting antenna of the active cancellation processor, wherein the radiation signal RCS does not contain the target of the metal plate to be tested, and adjusting the amplitude modulation parameter of the active cancellation processor by using a manual mode to enable the amplitude magnitude of the transmitted radiation signal to be equivalent to the amplitude magnitude of the self-scattering echo of the target in the second step;
step four: the active cancellation processor works, the RCS of the metal plate target is tested again, the phase modulation parameter of the active cancellation processor is adjusted by using a manual mode, and the amplitude modulation parameter is finely adjusted until the RCS of the metal target is reduced, wherein the reduction peak value is more than 5 dB;
step five: repeating the second step and the fourth step to obtain a mapping relation set between the RCS reduction of the metal plate target and the parameters of the active cancellation processor under different typical frequency points, and storing the mapping relation set into the active cancellation processor; the parameters of the active cancellation processor are amplitude modulation and phase modulation parameters;
step six: the active cancellation processor is in an automatic mode, and the cancellation system automatically calls out corresponding cancellation parameters from the mapping library according to the measured signal frequency, so that RCS (remote control system) reduction of adaptive active cancellation is realized, and adaptive active cancellation stealth is realized.
2. The adaptive low-frequency active cancellation radar stealth implementation method of claim 1, wherein: in the first step, the method for building the RCS test system comprises the following steps:
the active cancellation device is integrated in the cancelled target, the receiving antenna and the transmitting antenna of the active cancellation processor are installed on the cancelled target, and the transmitting antenna and the receiving antenna are conformal with the target.
3. The adaptive low-frequency active cancellation radar stealth implementation method of claim 2, wherein: the receiving antenna and the transmitting antenna adopt a circular polarization working mode and can be respectively a single antenna or an array antenna.
4. The adaptive low-frequency active cancellation radar stealth implementation method of claim 2, wherein: the active cancellation processor has a working frequency band of 0.3-2 GHz, an instantaneous bandwidth of more than 50MHz, frequency measurement accuracy of better than 50kHz, and amplitude measurement accuracy of better than 1 dB.
5. The adaptive low-frequency active cancellation radar stealth implementation method of claim 4, wherein: the acceptable signal receiving form of the active cancellation processor comprises radar conventional pulse, linear frequency modulation and single frequency.
6. The adaptive low-frequency active cancellation radar stealth implementation method of claim 1, wherein: in the fifth step, the typical frequency points are spaced by 1 MHz.
7. The adaptive low-frequency active cancellation radar stealth implementation method of claim 6, wherein: in the fifth step, the method for establishing the set of mapping relationships between the RCS reduction of the metal plate target and the parameters of the active cancellation processor under different typical frequency points is as follows: and calculating cancellation parameters of all frequency point signals by using a cancellation signal amplitude calculation formula and a cancellation signal phase calculation formula, wherein the cancellation parameters are amplitude modulation and phase modulation parameters.
8. The adaptive low-frequency active cancellation radar stealth implementation method of claim 6, wherein: in the fifth step, a calculation formula of the amplitude of the cancellation signal is fitted through a test data envelope of a limited single frequency point, and a calculation formula of the phase of the cancellation signal is calculated according to phase changes of different frequency points, namely transmission delay.
9. An active cancellation processor for implementing the adaptive low-frequency active cancellation radar stealth implementation method according to any one of claims 1 to 8, characterized in that the active cancellation processor mainly comprises: the broadband active cancellation system comprises a broadband reconnaissance module, a narrowband radio frequency module, an electronic active cancellation generation module and an upper computer control module, wherein a receiving signal acquired by a receiving antenna is divided into two paths after passing through a power divider, one path of signal is provided for the broadband reconnaissance module to complete instantaneous reconnaissance and parameter measurement of the signal, and the narrowband radio frequency module and the electronic active cancellation generation module are guided to work after preliminary frequency information of the receiving signal is obtained according to an instantaneous measurement result; the other path of signal is directly provided to the narrow-band radio frequency module, and the narrow-band receiving of the received signal is completed through the frequency guiding information provided by the broadband detecting and receiving system, so that the signal is provided to the electronic active cancellation signal generating module to form a related radiation source cancellation signal; the signal transmitted by the system transmitting antenna is obtained by modulating the amplitude, the phase and the like of the received signal by an electronic active cancellation signal generating module; and the upper computer control module is mainly used for setting various control parameters and displaying the broadband monitoring and receiving result.
10. The adaptive low-frequency active cancellation radar stealth implementation method according to claim 9, characterized in that: the active cancellation processor is divided into a manual mode and an automatic mode; the manual mode is that the amplitude and phase control parameters of the cancellation signal are manually sent by an instruction, and the manual mode is used for establishing a mapping relation set between target RCS reduction and cancellation processor parameters under different frequency points through multiple tests and debugging and storing the mapping relation set into the cancellation processor; in the automatic mode, the cancellation system automatically calls out corresponding cancellation parameters from the mapping relation set according to the measured signal frequency, so that self-adaptive active cancellation stealth is realized, and the cancellation response time is microsecond order.
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