CN112730569B - Electromigration device and method for acquiring nuclide migration parameters - Google Patents
Electromigration device and method for acquiring nuclide migration parameters Download PDFInfo
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Abstract
The invention belongs to the technical field of environment and geotechnical engineering, and particularly relates to an electromigration device and method for acquiring nuclide migration parameters. The electromigration device comprises a cathode electrolyte tank (9) provided with a working electrode (3), an anode electrolyte tank (10) provided with a counter electrode (4), a source and item tank (7) provided with a working feedback electrode (6), and a receiving tank (8) provided with a reference electrode (5); the source item groove (7) is communicated with the receiving groove (8) through a first sample clamping chamber (12) for arranging a sample; the cathode electrolyte tank (9) is communicated with the source cell (7) through a second sample holding chamber (14) for holding a sample, and the anode electrolyte tank (10) is communicated with the receiving tank (8) through a third sample holding chamber (15) for holding a sample; the working electrode (3), the counter electrode (4), the reference electrode (5) and the working feedback electrode (6) are connected with the electrochemical workstation (1). The invention can better reveal the migration of ions under the action of the electric field.
Description
Technical Field
The invention belongs to the technical field of environment and geotechnical engineering, and particularly relates to an electromigration device and method for acquiring nuclide migration parameters.
Background
With the rapid development of nuclear industries such as national nuclear military industry production, nuclear power and radioactive isotope application, a large amount of radioactive wastes are generated immediately. The final safe disposal of the radioactive wastes is a necessary requirement for ensuring national and environmental safety and sustainable development of nuclear industry in China.
At present, the deep geological disposal is generally accepted by a plurality of countries including the United states, Sweden, Finland and China as the most practical, feasible and safe method for treating high-level waste. The system engineering takes the containment and retardation of nuclide as the core content, takes multiple barriers (consisting of engineering barriers (waste solidified bodies, packaging materials and buffer backfill materials) and natural barriers (natural geologic bodies of disposal depots) as the main means, and takes public health and environmental protection over ten thousand years as the safety target. The method provides scientific basis for selection, design, construction and safety balance of disposal reservoir sites, and needs to research the adsorption and diffusion behaviors of the radioactive nuclides in the barrier material and the natural rock mass and obtain corresponding migration parameters.
The barrier material and the natural rock mass used in the disposal reservoir have the characteristics of low permeability and the like, the conventional methods (such as a static back diffusion method and a dynamic diffusion cell method) have the defects of long measurement time, low efficiency, possibility of damaging a sample and the like, and in order to effectively improve the defects of the conventional methods, a quick and effective method for acquiring nuclide migration data needs to be developed urgently, and the electromigration method can accelerate the process. Patent CN109813635A discloses a device for measuring diffusion coefficient of nuclide in geotechnical medium based on electric field penetration diffusion method; patent CN109813634A discloses an improved electromigration experiment for obtaining nuclide migration parameters, and the addition of a salt bridge structure and a peristaltic pump for transportation improves the stability of the liquid environment where a sample is located, and ensures the stability of the pH of the solution. However, there is no consideration for the stability of the voltage across the sample and the current change of the sample during the experiment. The voltage is used as an important driving force for nuclide migration, the long-term stability of the voltage is important for the experimental process, the current can reflect the movement and distribution conditions of ions in a sample, and the transmission function of tracer ions under an electric field can be deeply known.
Disclosure of Invention
In order to effectively solve the defects that the voltage at two ends of a sample is unstable and the current change cannot be observed in an electromigration device, the invention aims to provide a device for coupling an electrochemical workstation and an electromigration technology and a method for accelerating the acquisition of nuclide migration data. The basic principle is that the nuclide can directionally move under the driving force of constant voltage (guaranteed by an electrochemical workstation), the migration rate of the nuclide is much higher than that of the nuclide in the traditional water pressure mode, and the nuclide diffusion coefficient in a sample can be obtained by sampling and analyzing a receiving tank and drawing a nuclide penetration curve.
In order to achieve the above purposes, the technical scheme adopted by the invention is an electromigration device for acquiring nuclide migration parameters, wherein the electromigration device comprises a cathode electrolyte tank provided with a working electrode, an anode electrolyte tank provided with a counter electrode, a source and item tank provided with a working feedback electrode, and a receiving tank provided with a reference electrode; the source item groove and the receiving groove are communicated through a first sample clamping chamber for arranging a sample; the cathode electrolyte tank is communicated with the source item tank through a second sample holding chamber for holding a sample, and the anode electrolyte tank is communicated with the receiving tank through a third sample holding chamber for holding a sample; the working electrode, the counter electrode, the reference electrode and the working feedback electrode are connected with an electrochemical workstation.
Further, in the present invention,
the device also comprises a buffer solution tank for containing buffer solution;
the buffer solution tank is communicated with the cathode electrolyte tank through a first pipeline and a second pipeline, the second pipeline is provided with a first peristaltic pump, and the buffer solution flows into the cathode electrolyte tank from the buffer solution tank along the second pipeline under the action of the first peristaltic pump and returns to the buffer solution tank along the first pipeline;
the buffer solution tank is communicated with the anode electrolyte tank through a third pipeline and a fourth pipeline, the fourth pipeline is provided with a second peristaltic pump, and the buffer solution flows into the anode electrolyte tank from the buffer solution tank along the fourth pipeline under the action of the second peristaltic pump and returns to the buffer solution tank along the third pipeline.
Furthermore, epoxy resin is used for sealing between the first sample clamping chamber and the source item groove and the receiving groove, between the second sample clamping chamber and the cathode electrolyte groove and the source item groove, and between the third sample clamping chamber and the receiving groove and the anode electrolyte groove, so that liquid can only flow through the sample, and an isolation groove-peristaltic pump conveying system is formed by matching with the first peristaltic pump and the second peristaltic pump.
Further, the source item groove, the receiving groove and the buffer solution groove are made of acrylic or polytetrafluoroethylene or a mixed material of acrylic and polytetrafluoroethylene.
The invention also provides a method for acquiring nuclide migration parameters by using the electromigration device, which comprises the following steps:
a step S1 of disposing the sample in the first, second, and third sample holding chambers;
step S2, assembling the first peristaltic pump, the source cell, the receiving cell, the cathode electrolyte cell, the anode electrolyte cell, the second peristaltic pump, the first sample holding chamber, the buffer solution cell, the second sample holding chamber, the third sample holding chamber, the first tubing, the second tubing, the third tubing, and the fourth tubing into the electromigration device; the space between the first sample holding chamber and the source cell and the receiving cell, the space between the second sample holding chamber and the cathode electrolyte cell and the source cell, and the space between the third sample holding chamber and the receiving cell and the anode electrolyte cell are sealed by epoxy resin, so that liquid can only flow through the sample;
step S3, filling the source cell, the receiving cell, the cathode electrolyte cell and the anode electrolyte cell with background electrolyte, and continuously filling the buffer solution in the buffer solution cell into the cathode electrolyte cell and the anode electrolyte cell by using the first peristaltic pump and the second peristaltic pump; inserting the working electrode, the counter electrode, the reference electrode, and the working feedback electrode into the cathode electrolyte tank, the anode electrolyte tank, the receiving tank, and the source tank, respectively;
step S4, starting the electrochemical workstation, after setting a certain voltage, extracting a certain volume of the background electrolyte from the source cell, and injecting a tracer with the same volume and a certain concentration;
and step S5, sucking 1ml of the background electrolyte from the receiving tank at specific time intervals, testing the concentration of the tracer in the background electrolyte, and injecting 1ml of the background electrolyte into the receiving tank.
Further, in the present invention,
in the step S1, in the above step,
the sample is granite rock slice, bentonite column, clay column, loess column, montmorillonite column, shale or tuff;
the thickness of the sample in the first sample holding chamber is 5mm-100mm, and the thickness of the sample in the second sample holding chamber and the third sample holding chamber is 10 mm;
the sample and the first sample holding chamber, the second sample holding chamber and the third sample holding chamber are sealed by epoxy resin, so that liquid can only flow through the sample;
the samples in the second and third sample holding chambers are identical, and the sample in the first sample holding chamber is identical or not identical to the sample in the second and third sample holding chambers;
in the step S3, in the above step,
the flow rate of the buffer solution is 50 mu L/min-50 ml/min;
the solutions in the source tank, the receiving tank and the buffer solution tank are constantly kept in a stirring state so as to ensure the uniformity of the solutions; the method for ensuring the uniformity of the solution comprises the steps of using a magneton or a magnetic stirrer using a stirring rod, wherein the rotating speed is 300-;
in the step S4, in the above step,
the voltage of the electrochemical workstation is set to-10V to 10V,
the volume of the background electrolyte extracted from the source cell is 1-5ml,
the tracer is HTO, quinoline, Cs and Co2+Mixtures of one or more of Se, I, Pu, Tc and Np;
the concentration of the tracer is 10-6-1M；
In the step S5, the operation of drawing the background electrolyte at a specific time refers to sampling every 30min or 60 min.
The invention has the beneficial effects that:
1. the constant voltage and concentration difference are used as driving force, the concentration change of the nuclide in the receiving groove is measured, a penetration curve is drawn, and the nuclide migration parameters can be accurately and conveniently obtained in a short time without changing the sample.
2. The electrochemical workstation is used for replacing a constant-voltage stable power supply, the voltages at two ends of the sample can be effectively controlled, the voltage at two ends is guaranteed to be stable, the current between the samples can be continuously recorded, the understanding of ion transmission is deepened, and the migration of ions under the action of an electric field is better revealed.
3. The isolation groove-peristaltic pump conveying system effectively separates different functional grooves, so that the electrolytes in the grooves cannot influence each other, and the stability of the liquid environment of the sample is ensured.
4. The method for acquiring the nuclide migration parameters is simple, effective and rapid to operate, can be used for acquiring the nuclide migration data in underground laboratories and field tests, and provides theoretical data and technical support for site selection, design, construction and safety evaluation of disposal libraries.
Drawings
FIG. 1 is a schematic diagram of an electromigration apparatus for acquiring nuclear species migration parameters, in accordance with an embodiment of the present invention;
FIG. 2 is a schematic diagram of a cathode electrolyte tank 9 and an anode electrolyte tank 10 according to an embodiment of the present invention;
FIG. 3 is a schematic diagram of the source item slot 7 and the receiving slot 8 according to the embodiment of the present invention;
FIG. 4 is a schematic view of a first sample-holding chamber 12 according to an embodiment of the present invention;
in the figure: 1-an electrochemical workstation, 2-a first peristaltic pump, 3-a working electrode, 4-a counter electrode, 5-a reference electrode, 6-a working feedback electrode, 7-a source item tank, 8-a receiving tank, 9-a cathode electrolyte tank, 10-an anode electrolyte tank, 11-a second peristaltic pump, 12-a first sample holding chamber, 13-a buffer solution tank, 14-a second sample holding chamber, 15-a third sample holding chamber, 16-a first pipeline, 17-a second pipeline, 18-a third pipeline, and 19-a fourth pipeline.
Detailed Description
The invention is further described below with reference to the figures and examples.
As shown in FIG. 1, the invention provides an electromigration device for acquiring nuclide migration parameters, which comprises a cathode electrolyte tank 9 provided with a working electrode 3, an anode electrolyte tank 10 provided with a counter electrode 4, a source electrode tank 7 provided with a working feedback electrode 6, and a receiving tank 8 provided with a reference electrode 5 (the source electrode tank 7, the receiving tank 8, the cathode electrolyte tank 9 and the anode electrolyte tank 10 are independent from each other); the source cell 7 and the receiving cell 8 are communicated through a first sample holding chamber 12 for placing a sample; the cathode electrolyte tank 9 and the source section tank 7 are communicated through a second sample holding chamber 14 for holding a sample, and the anode electrolyte tank 10 and the receiving tank 8 are communicated through a third sample holding chamber 15 for holding a sample; the working electrode 3, the counter electrode 4, the reference electrode 5 and the working feedback electrode 6 are connected with an electrochemical workstation 1 (an electrochemical workstation of a four-electrode system); the electrochemical workstation 1 is used for replacing a direct current stabilized voltage power supply system of a traditional electromigration device, the constancy of the voltage at two ends of a sample and the continuous recording of the current can be guaranteed, the voltage stabilization and the continuous recording of the current at two ends of the sample are basic functions of the electrochemical workstation 1, and the electrochemical workstation 1 is used for being coupled with the electromigration device to effectively control the voltage and record the current.
A buffer solution tank 13 for containing buffer solution;
the buffer solution tank 13 is communicated with the cathode electrolyte tank 9 through a first pipeline 16 and a second pipeline 17, the second pipeline 17 is provided with a first peristaltic pump 2, and the buffer solution flows into the cathode electrolyte tank 9 from the buffer solution tank 13 along the second pipeline 17 under the action of the first peristaltic pump 2 and returns to the buffer solution tank 13 along the first pipeline 16;
the buffer solution tank 13 is communicated with the anode electrolyte tank 10 through a third pipeline 18 and a fourth pipeline 19, the fourth pipeline 19 is provided with a second peristaltic pump 11, and the buffer solution flows into the anode electrolyte tank 10 from the buffer solution tank 13 along the fourth pipeline 19 under the action of the second peristaltic pump 11 and returns to the buffer solution tank 13 along the third pipeline 18.
The space between the first sample holding chamber 12 and the source item groove 7 and the receiving groove 8, the space between the second sample holding chamber 14 and the cathode electrolyte groove 9 and the source item groove 7, and the space between the third sample holding chamber 15 and the receiving groove 8 and the anode electrolyte groove 10 are sealed by epoxy resin, so that liquid can only flow through the sample, and the separation groove-peristaltic pump conveying system is formed by matching the first peristaltic pump 2 and the second peristaltic pump 11.
The source item groove 7, the receiving groove 8 and the buffer solution groove 13 are made of acrylic or polytetrafluoroethylene or a mixed material of acrylic and polytetrafluoroethylene.
The invention also provides a method for acquiring nuclide migration parameters by using the electromigration device, which comprises the following steps:
step S1, disposing the sample in the first sample-holding chamber 12, the second sample-holding chamber 14 and the third sample-holding chamber 15;
step S2, assembling the first peristaltic pump 2, the source cell 7, the receiving cell 8, the cathode electrolyte cell 9, the anode electrolyte cell 10, the second peristaltic pump 11, the first sample holding chamber 12, the buffer solution cell 13, the second sample holding chamber 14, the third sample holding chamber 15, the first pipeline 16, the second pipeline 17, the third pipeline 18 and the fourth pipeline 19 into an electrotransport device (according to FIG. 1); the space between the first sample holding chamber 12 and the source cell 7 and the receiving cell 8, the space between the second sample holding chamber 14 and the cathode electrolyte cell 9 and the source cell 7, and the space between the third sample holding chamber 15 and the receiving cell 8 and the anode electrolyte cell 10 are sealed by epoxy resin, so that liquid can only flow through the sample;
step S3, filling the source cell 7, the receiving cell 8, the cathode electrolyte cell 9 and the anode electrolyte cell 10 with background electrolyte, and continuously filling the buffer solution in the buffer solution cell 13 into the cathode electrolyte cell 9 and the anode electrolyte cell 10 by using the first peristaltic pump 2 and the second peristaltic pump 11, wherein the overflowed buffer solution flows back to the buffer solution cell 13 through the first pipeline 16 and the third pipeline 18; inserting a working electrode 3, a counter electrode 4, a reference electrode 5 and a working feedback electrode 6 into a cathode electrolyte tank 9, an anode electrolyte tank 10, a receiving tank 8 and a source tank 7 respectively;
step S4, starting the electrochemical workstation 1, after setting a certain voltage, extracting a certain volume of background electrolyte from the source cell 7, and injecting a same volume of tracer with a certain concentration;
at a specific time interval, 1ml of the background electrolyte is sucked from the receiving tank 8, the concentration of the tracer in the background electrolyte is tested, and 1ml of the background electrolyte is injected into the receiving tank 8 at the same time in step S5.
In the step S1, in step S1,
the sample is granite rock slice, bentonite column, clay column, loess column, montmorillonite column, shale or tuff;
the thickness of the sample in the first sample holding chamber 12 is 5mm-100mm, and the thickness of the sample in the second sample holding chamber 14 and the third sample holding chamber 15 is 10 mm;
the sample and the first sample holding chamber 12, the second sample holding chamber 14 and the third sample holding chamber 15 are sealed by epoxy resin, so that liquid can only flow through the sample;
the samples in the second sample-holding chamber 14 and the third sample-holding chamber 15 are identical, and the sample in the first sample-holding chamber 12 is identical or not identical to the sample in the second sample-holding chamber 14 and the third sample-holding chamber 15;
in the step S3, in step S3,
the flow rate of the buffer solution is 50 mu L/min-50 ml/min;
the solutions in the source tank 7, the receiving tank 8 and the buffer solution tank 13 are constantly kept in a stirring state to ensure the uniformity of the solutions; the method for ensuring the uniformity of the solution comprises the steps of using a magneton or a magnetic stirrer using a stirring rod, wherein the rotating speed is 300-;
in the step S4, in step S4,
the voltage of the electrochemical workstation 1 is set to-10V to 10V, (when the voltage is negative, the source groove 7 becomes the receiving groove, the receiving groove 8 becomes the source groove)
The volume of background electrolyte withdrawn from the source cell 7 is 1-5ml,
the tracer is HTO, quinoline, Cs, Co2+Mixtures of one or more of Se, I, Pu, Tc and Np;
concentration of tracer is 10-6-1M；
In step S5, the operation of sucking the background electrolyte at a specific time means sampling (sucking the background electrolyte) once every 30min or 60 min.
Finally, the specific application of the invention is illustrated:
according to FIG. 1, with Co2+Granite is used as a tracer to describe the experimental principle and method. The method comprises the following specific steps:
s1: placing a granite sample wafer with the thickness of 10mm and the diameter of 50mm in a first sample clamping chamber 12, and sealing the granite sample wafer and the first sample clamping chamber 12 by using epoxy resin to ensure that liquid only can flow through granite;
s2: assembling a first peristaltic pump 2, a source item groove 7, a receiving groove 8, a cathode electrolyte groove 9, an anode electrolyte groove 10, a second peristaltic pump 11, a first sample clamping chamber 12, a buffer solution groove 13, a second sample clamping chamber 14, a third sample clamping chamber 15, a first pipeline 16, a second pipeline 17, a third pipeline 18 and a fourth pipeline 19 according to the mode shown in the figure 1, wherein epoxy resin is used for sealing between the first sample clamping chamber 12 and the source item groove 7 and the receiving groove 8, between the second sample clamping chamber 14 and the cathode electrolyte groove 9 and the source item groove 7, and between the third sample clamping chamber 15 and the receiving groove 8 and the anode electrolyte groove 10, so that liquid can only flow through a granite wafer;
s3: the source tank 7, the receiving tank 8, the cathode electrolyte tank 9 and the anode electrolyte tank 10 are filled with 0.2M NaCl background electrolyte, and the buffer solution tank is filled with a first peristaltic pump 2 and a second peristaltic pump 11Buffer solution 0.2MNACl +0.02MNaHCO in 133Continuously injecting the buffer solution into a cathode electrolyte tank 9 and an anode electrolyte tank 10 at a flow rate of 1ml/min, and enabling the overflowing buffer solution to flow back into a buffer solution tank 13 through an overflowing hole, a first pipeline 16 and a third pipeline 18; the working electrode 3, the counter electrode 4, the reference electrode 5 and the working feedback electrode 6 are respectively inserted into a cathode electrolyte tank 9, an anode electrolyte tank 10, a receiving tank 8 and a source tank 7 according to the figure 1;
s4: starting the electrochemical workstation 1, setting the voltage at 0.1V, extracting 5ml of background electrolyte from the source cell 7 and injecting the same volume of 0.1M CoCl2A solution;
s5: at regular intervals, 1ml of the solution was aspirated from the receiving tank 8, and the concentration of the tracer was measured by ICP-MS while 1ml of the background electrolyte was injected into the receiving tank 8.
The device according to the present invention is not limited to the embodiments described in the specific embodiments, and those skilled in the art can derive other embodiments according to the technical solutions of the present invention, and also belong to the technical innovation scope of the present invention.
Claims (4)
1. An electromigration device for obtaining a migration parameter of a species, comprising: comprises a cathode electrolyte tank (9) provided with a working electrode (3), an anode electrolyte tank (10) provided with a counter electrode (4), a source-item tank (7) provided with a working feedback electrode (6), and a receiving tank (8) provided with a reference electrode (5); the source item groove (7) and the receiving groove (8) are communicated through a first sample clamping chamber (12) for arranging a sample; the cathode electrolyte tank (9) and the source cell (7) are communicated through a second sample holding chamber (14) for arranging a sample, and the anode electrolyte tank (10) and the receiving tank (8) are communicated through a third sample holding chamber (15) for arranging a sample; the working electrode (3), the counter electrode (4), the reference electrode (5) and the working feedback electrode (6) are connected with an electrochemical workstation (1).
The device also comprises a buffer solution tank (13) for containing buffer solution;
the buffer solution tank (13) is communicated with the cathode electrolyte tank (9) through a first pipeline (16) and a second pipeline (17), the second pipeline (17) is provided with a first peristaltic pump (2), and the buffer solution flows into the cathode electrolyte tank (9) from the buffer solution tank (13) along the second pipeline (17) under the action of the first peristaltic pump (2) and returns to the buffer solution tank (13) along the first pipeline (16);
the buffer solution tank (13) is communicated with the anode electrolyte tank (10) through a third pipeline (18) and a fourth pipeline (19), the fourth pipeline (19) is provided with a second peristaltic pump (11), and the buffer solution flows into the anode electrolyte tank (10) from the buffer solution tank (13) along the fourth pipeline (19) under the action of the second peristaltic pump (11) and returns to the buffer solution tank (13) along the third pipeline (18).
And epoxy resin is used for sealing between the first sample clamping chamber (12) and the source item groove (7) and the receiving groove (8), between the second sample clamping chamber (14) and the cathode electrolyte groove (9) and the source item groove (7), and between the third sample clamping chamber (15) and the receiving groove (8) and the anode electrolyte groove (10), so that liquid can only flow through the sample, and an isolation groove-peristaltic pump conveying system is formed by matching the first peristaltic pump (2) and the second peristaltic pump (11).
2. The electrotransport device of claim 1, wherein: the source item groove (7), the receiving groove (8) and the buffer solution groove (13) are made of acrylic or polytetrafluoroethylene or a mixed material of acrylic and polytetrafluoroethylene.
3. A method for acquiring nuclear species migration parameters using the electromigration device of claim 1, comprising the steps of:
a step S1 of disposing the sample in the first sample-holding chamber (12), the second sample-holding chamber (14), and the third sample-holding chamber (15);
a step S2, assembling the first peristaltic pump (2), the source cell (7), the receiving cell (8), the cathode electrolyte cell (9), the anode electrolyte cell (10), the second peristaltic pump (11), the first sample holding chamber (12), the buffer solution cell (13), the second sample holding chamber (14), the third sample holding chamber (15), the first tubing (16), the second tubing (17), the third tubing (18) and the fourth tubing (19) into the electromigration device; the space between the first sample holding chamber (12) and the source cell (7) and the receiving cell (8), the space between the second sample holding chamber (14) and the cathode electrolyte tank (9) and the source cell (7), and the space between the third sample holding chamber (15) and the receiving cell (8) and the anode electrolyte tank (10) are sealed by epoxy resin, so that liquid can only flow through the sample;
step S3, filling the source cell (7), the receiving cell (8), the cathode electrolyte cell (9) and the anode electrolyte cell (10) with background electrolyte, and continuously filling the buffer solution in the buffer solution cell (13) into the cathode electrolyte cell (9) and the anode electrolyte cell (10) by using the first peristaltic pump (2) and the second peristaltic pump (11); inserting the working electrode (3), the counter electrode (4), the reference electrode (5) and the working feedback electrode (6) into the catholyte tank (9), the anolyte tank (10), the receiving tank (8) and the source tank (7), respectively;
step S4, starting the electrochemical workstation (1), after setting a certain voltage, extracting a certain volume of the background electrolyte from the source cell (7), and injecting a tracer with the same volume and a certain concentration;
and step S5, sucking 1ml of the background electrolyte from the receiving groove (8) at specific time intervals, testing the concentration of the tracer in the background electrolyte, and injecting 1ml of the background electrolyte into the receiving groove (8).
4. A method for obtaining nuclear transport parameters according to claim 3, characterized by:
in the step S1, in the above step,
the sample is granite rock slice, bentonite column, clay column, loess column, montmorillonite column, shale or tuff;
the thickness of the sample of the first sample-holding chamber (12) is 5mm-100mm, and the thickness of the sample of the second sample-holding chamber (14) and the third sample-holding chamber (15) is 10 mm;
the sample and the first sample holding chamber (12), the second sample holding chamber (14) and the third sample holding chamber (15) are sealed by epoxy resin to ensure that liquid can only flow through the sample;
the samples in the second sample-holding chamber (14) and the third sample-holding chamber (15) are identical, and the sample in the first sample-holding chamber (12) is identical or not identical to the samples in the second sample-holding chamber (14) and the third sample-holding chamber (15);
in the step S3, in the above step,
the flow rate of the buffer solution is 50 mu L/min-50 ml/min;
the solutions in the source tank (7), the receiving tank (8) and the buffer solution tank (13) are constantly kept in a stirring state to ensure the uniformity of the solutions; the method for ensuring the uniformity of the solution comprises the steps of using a magneton or a magnetic stirrer using a stirring rod, wherein the rotating speed is 300-;
in the step S4, in the above step,
the voltage of the electrochemical workstation (1) is set to-10V to 10V,
the volume of the background electrolyte extracted from the source cell (7) is 1-5ml,
the tracer is HTO, quinoline, Cs and Co2+Mixtures of one or more of Se, I, Pu, Tc and Np;
the concentration of the tracer is 10-6-1M；
In the step S5, the operation of drawing the background electrolyte at a specific time refers to sampling every 30min or 60 min.
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