CN112730503B - Operation method of simulation device for exploiting oil shale by high-temperature fluid - Google Patents
Operation method of simulation device for exploiting oil shale by high-temperature fluid Download PDFInfo
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Abstract
The invention relates to an operation method of a simulation device for exploiting oil shale by high-temperature fluid, belonging to the technical field of special exploitation of underground unconventional oil and gas resources; based on the simulation device comprising a reaction device, a high-temperature fluid generating system, a main-path large-scale rapid condenser, a branch condensing and product collecting system and a temperature monitoring system, the inside of the reaction kettle is filled with broken oil shale blocks or complete oil shale cores, slurry is injected into the kettle body to form a large-scale composite structure, the rigid pressure transmission assembly is used for applying stress, tests of exploiting the oil shale by using the high-temperature fluid under the action of factors such as different heat injection temperatures, different pyrolysis times, different pyrolysis paths and the like are carried out, the primary cooling system and the secondary cooling system are used for collecting oil gas products, quantitative characterization of the multivariates such as pyrolysis temperatures, pyrolysis times, reaction paths and the like on the oil yield and quality of the oil shale can be obtained, and guidance is provided for the arrangement of on-site heat injection wells and exploitation well intervals.
Description
Technical Field
The invention belongs to the technical field of underground unconventional oil and gas resource special exploitation, and particularly relates to an operation method of a simulation device for exploiting oil shale by high-temperature fluid.
Background
The oil shale resource reserves are rich in the world, the shale oil can reach 4546 hundred million tons, which is far higher than the crude oil resource reserves ascertained in the world, and the efficient exploitation of the oil shale oil has important significance for relieving the current situation of petroleum shortage. Most of the oil shale resources are stored underground, and at present, many countries in the world advocate exploitation of oil shale by an in-situ heating technology, and the in-situ heating mode of oil shale can be divided into three categories of conduction heating, convection heating and combustion and radiation heating according to different heat sources. In view of the characteristic of extremely poor heat conductivity of oil shale, many expert scholars at home and abroad are actively researching a technology for exploiting the oil shale by convection heating, namely, a heat injection well is introduced into a mineral deposit, so that high-temperature fluid is injected into a mineral deposit, organic matters (kerogen) are heated, and oil gas generated by kerogen pyrolysis is exploited through a production well. In the process, factors such as the temperature of heat injection, the pyrolysis time, the pyrolysis path and the like can influence the quality of oil gas products. Obtaining these reasonable parameters is of great importance for the field application of the in situ heating technique. Therefore, it is necessary to obtain quantitative influence rules of various influencing factors on oil gas quality under high-temperature fluid exploitation conditions. The existing simulation device is smaller in specification, only the research that the heat injection temperature influences the quality of oil shale oil gas products can be carried out, the obtained result cannot provide reference for the interval arrangement of the heat injection well and the production well, and no theoretical basis can be provided for on-site practice.
Disclosure of Invention
The invention overcomes the defects of the prior art and provides an operation method of a simulation device for exploiting oil shale by high-temperature fluid; the problem that the existing device cannot accurately and comprehensively simulate the current situation of the quality of oil and gas products under the control of various variables is solved.
In order to achieve the above purpose, the present invention is realized by the following technical scheme.
The operation method of the simulation device for exploiting the oil shale by the high-temperature fluid is based on the simulation device which consists of a high-temperature-resistant high-pressure long-distance reaction device, a high-temperature fluid generation system, a main-path large-scale rapid condenser, a branch condensation and product collection system and a temperature monitoring system;
the high-temperature and high-pressure resistant long-distance reaction device comprises a reaction kettle and a rigid pressure transmission assembly, wherein a grouting hole and a plurality of temperature measuring holes on two sides of the grouting hole are formed in the upper part of the reaction kettle, grouting valves are arranged on the grouting hole, the temperature measuring holes are connected with thermocouples, a plurality of condensing holes are formed in the side part of the reaction kettle, and a second valve is arranged on a pipeline connected with a branch condensing and product collecting system through the condensing holes;
the rigid pressure transmission assembly comprises a pressure transmission head, a pressure transmission head buckle, an axial displacement meter, a pressure transmission cavity liquid inlet, a pressure transmission cavity assembly flange, a connecting flange, a water circulation cooling device and a pressure transmission cavity, and is connected with the reaction kettle through the connecting flange;
the high-temperature fluid generating system pipe is connected with the reaction kettle through a first superheat pipe, a first valve is arranged on the first superheat pipe, and the main-path large-sized rapid condenser is connected with the rigid pressure transmission assembly through a second superheat pipe;
the branch condensation and product collection system mainly comprises a primary cooling device, a secondary cooling device and an oil gas collection device, wherein the primary cooling device and the secondary cooling device comprise the same number of sealed groove bodies which are in one-to-one correspondence and are arranged in series, heat exchange spiral pipes are arranged in the groove bodies, the groove bodies are connected with each other through pipelines, and the lower part of the groove body of the secondary cooling device is connected with the oil gas collection device;
the simulation method based on the simulation device comprises the following specific operation steps:
s1: the inside of the reaction kettle is filled with broken oil shale blocks or complete oil shale cores, and two ends of the reaction kettle are provided with high-strength blind plates, so that rock mass migration is limited;
s2: injecting slurry into the reaction kettle through a grouting hole, wherein the slurry is a mixture of oil shale powder and a shale cementing agent, the ratio of the oil shale powder to the shale cementing agent is 1:1-3:1, the grouting speed is 1.5L/min-5L/min, grouting is stopped after the grouting is completed, and a grouting valve is closed;
s3: after the slurry is sufficiently dried, removing blind plates at two sides of the reaction kettle, connecting a rigid pressure transmission assembly with the reaction kettle through a connecting flange, closing a first valve, adjusting the position of a pressure transmission head through a pressure transmission head buckle, introducing circulating water to a water circulation cooling device, introducing specified hydraulic oil to specified pressure through a liquid inlet of a pressure transmission cavity, applying corresponding axial load through the rigid pressure transmission assembly, and recording the depth of the pressure transmission head entering the reaction kettle by an axial displacement meter;
s4: when the temperature of the hot fluid is lower, slightly opening the first valve to preheat the fluid to the reaction kettle; when the temperature of the high-temperature fluid is higher, the first valve is completely opened, so that the high-temperature fluid starts to pyrolyze the oil shale in a convection heating mode;
s5: when the temperature of the thermocouple is 300 ℃, controlling pyrolysis time to be certain, and sequentially opening a second valve so as to perform oil gas collection work in specific time; closing the second valve, continuing to prolong pyrolysis time, repeating the work, and collecting oil gas under different pyrolysis time;
s6: the upper part of the main way large-scale rapid condenser is provided with a gas extraction port, and the lower part is provided with a gas extraction port; shale oil in the oil-gas collecting device floats on the water surface and can be separated through a physical method, a conduit is arranged in the oil-gas collecting device, and the outlet of the conduit can collect gas;
s7: after the oil gas collection work of the previous heat injection temperature is completed, the second valve is closed, the temperature of the high-temperature fluid is increased to the next temperature point, and the oil gas collection work under different pyrolysis time is also carried out;
s8: heating at 50 ℃ every interval, and completing oil gas collection according to the steps until the temperature reaches 550 ℃;
s9: and carrying out density test and simulated distillation analysis on the collected shale oil, and carrying out quantitative analysis on the API values of the shale oil under different heat injection temperatures, pyrolysis time and pyrolysis routes and the yields of different distillate oils, so that the quantitative relation between the quality of the shale oil and the heat injection temperatures, the pyrolysis time and the pyrolysis routes can be obtained.
Further, the high-temperature fluid generating system comprises a high-pressure pump and a heating device, a one-way valve is arranged on a pipeline between the high-pressure pump and the heating device, the heating device comprises a kettle body, a boiler steel coil is wound on the outer side of the kettle body, and the boiler steel coil is connected with the reaction kettle through a first overheating pipe.
Further, in the step S4, fluid is injected into the kettle body of the heating device by the high-pressure pump, the kettle body is heated, and when the temperature of the fluid exceeds the boiling point of the fluid, the boiler steel coil is heated.
Further, the second valve is arranged on a pipeline in which a heat exchange spiral pipe in the tank body of the primary cooling device is connected with a condensation hole of the reaction kettle; the heat exchange spiral pipe in the primary cooling device is connected with the heat exchange spiral pipe in the secondary cooling device corresponding to the lower part through a pipeline, and a first temperature induction electromagnetic control valve is arranged on the pipeline; the heat exchange spiral pipe inside the secondary cooling device is directly connected with the oil gas collecting device corresponding to the lower part through a pipeline; the outlet position of the heat exchange spiral pipe of the primary cooling device is provided with a pipeline which directly leads to the oil gas collecting device, and the pipeline is provided with a second temperature induction electromagnetic control valve.
Further, when branch condensation and product collection work are carried out under different heat injection temperatures, when the outlet temperature of the high-efficiency heat exchange spiral pipe of the primary cooling device reaches the boiling point of heat injection fluid, the second temperature induction electromagnetic control valve is closed, the first temperature induction electromagnetic control valve is opened, at the moment, the primary cooling device and the secondary cooling device both carry out fluid cooling work, when the outlet temperature of the high-efficiency heat exchange spiral pipe of the primary cooling device does not reach the boiling point of heat injection fluid, the second temperature induction electromagnetic control valve is opened, the first temperature induction electromagnetic control valve is closed, and only the primary cooling device carries out fluid cooling work at the moment.
Further, the test temperature can reach 600 ℃, and the geological environment with the buried depth of 500m can be simulated.
Furthermore, by fitting the relation between the shale oil quality and the reaction path obtained under different heat injection temperatures and different pyrolysis times, guidance can be provided for the distance between the heat injection well and the production well.
Compared with the prior art, the invention has the following beneficial effects:
(1) By utilizing the simulation device provided by the invention, the pyrolysis test of the oil shale with the length of 6m can be performed, the scale is larger, and the simulation process of the high-temperature fluid oil exploitation shale is closer to the site.
(2) By utilizing the simulation device provided by the invention, quantitative characterization of the oil shale oil yield and quality by multiple variables such as pyrolysis temperature, pyrolysis time and reaction path can be obtained.
(3) By using the simulation device and the simulation method by using the device provided by the invention, guidance can be provided for the arrangement of the spacing between the on-site heat injection well and the production well.
(4) The simulation device provided by the invention has the advantages of simple and convenient sample arrangement and easy control.
Drawings
The invention is described in further detail below with reference to the accompanying drawings:
FIG. 1 is a schematic view of the overall structure of the present invention;
FIG. 2 is a schematic diagram of the reaction vessel and by-pass condensing and product collection system of FIG. 1;
FIG. 3 is an axial cross-sectional view of FIG. 2;
FIG. 4 is a schematic view of the rigid pressure transfer assembly of FIG. 1;
the device comprises a reaction kettle 1, a composite oil shale sample structure 2, a flange plate 3, a grouting hole 4, a thermocouple 5, a condensation hole 6, a pressure transmitting head 7, a pressure transmitting head clamping buckle 8, an axial displacement meter 9, a pressure transmitting cavity liquid inlet 10, a connecting flange 11, a pressure transmitting cavity assembling flange 12, a water circulation cooling device 13, a sawtooth sheet 14, a high-pressure pump 15, a one-way valve 16, a heating device 17, a kettle body 18, a boiler steel coil 19, a safety valve 20, a first superheat pipe 21, a pressure gauge 22, a first valve 23, a second superheat pipe 24, a main-path large-sized rapid condenser 25, a primary cooling device 26, a secondary cooling device 27, an oil gas collecting device 28, a tank body 29, a second valve 30, a heat exchanging spiral pipe 31, a cooling liquid 32, a first temperature sensing electromagnetic control valve 33, a second temperature sensing electromagnetic control valve 34, a conduit 35, a desiccant 36, cooling equipment 37, a cooling device 38, a cooling instrument 39, a non-pulp recording paper 40 and a PC (personal computer) 41.
Detailed Description
In order to make the technical problems, technical schemes and beneficial effects to be solved more clear, the invention is further described in detail by combining the embodiments and the drawings. It should be understood that the specific embodiments described herein are for purposes of illustration only and are not intended to limit the scope of the invention. The following describes the technical scheme of the present invention in detail with reference to examples and drawings, but the scope of protection is not limited thereto.
The invention provides an operation method of a simulation device for exploiting oil shale by high-temperature fluid, which is based on the following simulation device. As shown in fig. 1-4, the simulation device consists of a high-temperature-resistant high-pressure long-distance reaction device, a high-temperature fluid generating system, a main-path large-scale rapid condenser 25, a branch condensation and product collection system and a temperature monitoring system.
The high-temperature and high-pressure resistant long-distance reaction device comprises a reaction kettle 1 and a rigid pressure transmission assembly.
The reaction kettle 1 is of a horizontally arranged cylindrical structure, the length of the reaction kettle is designed to be 6.0m, the inner diameter of the reaction kettle is designed to be 101mm, a composite oil shale sample structure 2 is arranged in the reaction kettle 1, and flange plates 3 resistant to high temperature and high pressure are welded at two ends of the reaction kettle 1. Holes are drilled at different positions on the upper part of the reaction kettle 1 equidistantly, the drilling interval is 0.8m, and 8 groups of holes are drilled in total. The middle drill hole is a grouting hole 4 for grouting slurry, a grouting valve 41 is arranged on the grouting hole 4, and the rest drill holes are temperature measuring holes connected with a high-precision K-type thermocouple 5 and used for monitoring the temperatures of different positions in the reaction kettle 1; 7 groups of condensation holes 6 are formed in the side face of the reaction kettle 1, the condensation holes 6 are in one-to-one correspondence with the temperature measuring holes in the upper portion, namely, the corresponding condensation holes 6 are located on the same cross section of the reaction kettle 1 with the temperature measuring holes, and the reaction kettle 1 is connected with a branch condensation and product collection system through the condensation holes 6.
The periphery of the reaction kettle 1 is subjected to heat preservation through a high-temperature-resistant heat insulation material, so that heat loss is reduced. The composite oil shale sample structure 2 consists of oil shale blocks and slurry injected by grouting holes, wherein the oil shale blocks can be complete cores or broken blocks. The slurry injected into the grouting holes 4 is a mixture of oil shale powder and a argillaceous cementing agent, the ratio of the oil shale powder to the argillaceous cementing agent is 1:1-3:1, and the grouting speed is 1.5L/min-5L/min.
The rigid pressure transmission assembly mainly comprises a pressure transmission head 7, a pressure transmission head buckle 8, an axial displacement meter 9, a pressure transmission cavity liquid inlet 10, a pressure transmission cavity assembly flange 12, a connecting flange 11 of a pressure transmission system and a reaction kettle, a water circulation cooling device 13 and a pressure transmission cavity.
The whole rigid pressure transmission assembly is connected with the reaction kettle 1 through the connecting flange 11, and the rigid pressure transmission assembly can be integrally disassembled by unscrewing the connecting flange 11; when pressurization is needed, a pressure transmitting head 7 is placed to enable the pressure transmitting head to be in contact with a sample in the reaction kettle 1, then a pressure transmitting head buckle 8 is installed, pressure liquid is injected into the pressure transmitting cavity through a liquid inlet 10 of the pressure transmitting cavity, the pressure provided by the pressure liquid is transmitted to the pressure transmitting head 7 through the pressure transmitting head buckle 8, the pressure transmitting head 7 forwards provides pressure, and the pressure is controlled by the pressure liquid; the axial displacement meter 9 can record the axial displacement, when the initial stress is provided before the simulation experiment starts, because the length of the reaction kettle 1 is 6.0m, the displacement is large in the sample compacting stage in the reaction kettle 1, the hydraulic cavity needs to be retracted to the initial state in advance, if the stroke of the hydraulic cavity is insufficient when the axial pressure is applied by single liquid injection, the pressure is maintained after the maximum stroke is reached each time, the hydraulic cavity is retracted to the initial state rapidly after the axial deformation is stable, the engagement position of the buckle 8 on the pressure transmitting head 7 is changed, the pressure transmitting head 7 is propped against the sample forwards, and the pressure liquid is injected into the sample through the liquid inlet of the pressure transmitting cavity again, and the axial pressure is applied to the sample.
A plurality of saw tooth sheets 14 are arranged between the inside of the water circulation cooling device 13 and the connecting flange 11, so that the heat exchange efficiency can be improved.
The high-temperature fluid generating system comprises a high-capacity fluid high-pressure pump 15, a corrosion-resistant one-way valve 16 and a heating device 17. The corrosion-resistant one-way valve 16 is arranged on a pipeline between the high-pressure pump 15 and the heating device 17, so that fluid output by the high-pressure pump 15 can be unidirectionally conveyed to the heating device 17, and backflow of the fluid of the heating device 17 to the high-pressure pump 15 is blocked. The fluid can be water or other fluid which does not have explosion tendency at high temperature, and can also be a mixed solution of the two.
The structure of the heating device 17 mainly comprises a high-temperature and high-pressure resistant kettle body 18, a plurality of circles of corrosion-resistant boiler steel coils 19 closely surrounding the outer side of the kettle body 18 and a safety valve 20, wherein the safety valve 20 is arranged at the top end of the kettle body 18; the kettle body 18 is used as a primary heater and mainly plays a role in changing the fluid phase state from a liquid state to a gas state; the boiler steel coil 19 is used as a secondary heater and mainly plays a role in continuously heating the hot fluid; the safety valve 20 is used for controlling the pressure inside the kettle body 18 not to exceed a specified value, and has a protective effect on personal safety and equipment operation.
The boiler steel coil 19 is connected with the flange 3 with high temperature resistance and high pressure resistance through a first overheating pipe 21, and a first valve 23 with high temperature resistance and high pressure resistance and a pressure gauge 22 are welded on the first overheating pipe 21.
The main-path large-scale rapid condenser 25 is connected with the rigid pressure transmission assembly through a second superheat pipe 24 and is used for main cooling work of high-temperature fluid and oil gas products.
The bypass condensing and product collecting system mainly comprises a primary cooling device 26, a secondary cooling device 27 and an oil gas collecting device 28. The primary cooling device 26 mainly comprises seven groups of sealed stainless steel groove bodies 29 which are arranged in series, efficient heat exchange spiral pipes 31 are arranged in the groove bodies 29, and the groove bodies 29 are connected with each other through pipelines. The secondary cooling device 27 also comprises seven groups of sealed stainless steel groove bodies 29 which are arranged in series, efficient heat exchange spiral pipes 31 are arranged in the groove bodies 29, and the groove bodies 29 are connected with each other through pipelines. The inside of the oil gas collecting device 28 is filled with water, the upper part of the oil gas collecting device is connected with a conduit 35, the inlet end of the conduit 35 is arranged inside the oil gas collecting device 28 and is separated from the water surface by a certain distance, and the inside of the conduit 35 is filled with a drying agent 36.
Seven groups of groove bodies 29 of the primary cooling device 26 are respectively arranged at the lower ends of the condensation holes 6 of the reaction kettle 1 and correspond to each other one by one, the condensation holes 6 are connected with a heat exchange spiral pipe 31 in the primary cooling device 26 through pipelines, and the pipelines are provided with second valves 30.
The seven groups of groove bodies 29 of the secondary cooling device 27 are respectively arranged at the lower parts of the seven groups of groove bodies 29 of the primary cooling device 26 and correspond to each other one by one; the number of the oil gas collecting devices 28 is 7, and the oil gas collecting devices are respectively arranged at the lower parts of seven groups of groove bodies 29 of the secondary cooling device 27 and are in one-to-one correspondence.
The heat exchanging spiral pipe 31 inside the primary cooling device 26 is connected with the heat exchanging spiral pipe 31 inside the secondary cooling device 27 corresponding to the lower part through a welded stainless steel straight pipe, a first temperature sensing electromagnetic control valve 33 is arranged on the connected stainless steel straight pipe, and when the temperature exceeds the boiling point of the heat injection fluid, the first temperature sensing electromagnetic control valve 33 is opened.
The heat exchanging spiral pipe 31 inside the secondary cooling device 27 is directly connected with the oil gas collecting device 28 corresponding to the lower part by welding a stainless steel straight pipe, and the stainless steel straight pipe stretches into the position below the water surface inside the oil gas collecting device 28.
The outlet position of the heat exchange spiral pipe 31 of the primary cooling device 26 is welded with a stainless steel straight pipe which is directly led to the oil gas collecting device 28, the stainless steel straight pipe stretches into the oil gas collecting device 28 below the water surface, a second temperature induction electromagnetic control valve 34 is arranged on the stainless steel straight pipe, and when the temperature exceeds the boiling point of the heat injection fluid, the second temperature induction electromagnetic control valve 34 is closed.
The cooling liquid 32 is a mixture of 45% glycol and 55% water, and is contained in the sealed stainless steel tank 29 of the primary cooling device 26 and the secondary cooling device 27. The tanks 29 are connected in series and are externally connected with rapid cooling equipment 37, so that a low-temperature environment of-20 ℃ can be manufactured. A corrosion-resistant booster pump 38 is arranged between the cooling device 37 and the closed stainless steel tank 29.
The temperature monitoring system comprises a high-precision K-type thermocouple 5, a paperless recorder 39 and a PC40, wherein the thermocouple 5 is used for monitoring the temperatures of different positions in the reaction kettle, the paperless recorder 39 records the acquired temperature data in a storage system in the instrument by taking time as a base axis, and the PC40 is used for checking the acquired temperature data in real time.
The simulation device for the oil shale recovery by the high-temperature fluid under the control of the multivariable factors can conduct stress constraint and convection heating on the oil shale, the heat injection temperature is up to 600 ℃, and the geological environment with the burial depth of 500m below shallowness can be simulated. The length of the high-temperature and high-pressure resistant long-distance reaction kettle 1 is 6m, so that the collection function of oil gas under different reaction paths can be realized, and a basis can be provided for the arrangement of the distance between the heat injection well and the exploitation well in field practice according to the quantitative relation between the oil gas quality and the reaction paths.
Example 1
When the oil shale buries at 150m, the heat injection temperature is 400 ℃. The application method of the simulation device for exploiting the oil shale by the high-temperature fluid under the control of the multivariable factors comprises the following specific operation steps:
1. the inside of the high-temperature and high-pressure resistant long-distance reaction kettle 1 is filled with broken oil shale blocks or complete oil shale cores, and two ends of the reaction kettle 1 are provided with high-strength blind plates, so that rock mass migration is limited;
2. injecting slurry into the reaction kettle 1 through the grouting holes 4, setting the ratio of the oil shale powder to the shale cement to be 1:1, the grouting speed to be 5L/min, stopping grouting after filling, and closing the grouting valve 41;
3. after the slurry is sufficiently dried, removing blind plates at two sides of the high-temperature and high-pressure resistant long-distance reaction kettle 1, connecting a rigid pressure transmission component with the high-temperature and high-pressure resistant long-distance reaction kettle 1 through a connecting flange 11, closing a first valve 23, adjusting the position of a pressure transmission head 7 through a pressure transmission head buckle 8, introducing circulating water into a water circulation cooling device 13, introducing specified hydraulic oil to specified pressure through a pressure transmission cavity liquid inlet 10, applying corresponding axial load through the rigid pressure transmission component, and recording the depth of the pressure transmission head 7 entering the high-temperature and high-pressure resistant long-distance reaction kettle 1 by an axial displacement meter 9;
4. injecting fluid into a kettle body 18 of a heating device 17 through a high-capacity fluid high-pressure pump 15, heating the kettle body 18, heating a boiler steel coil 19 when the temperature of the fluid exceeds the boiling point of the fluid, and slightly opening a first valve 23 when the temperature of the hot fluid is lower to preheat the reaction kettle 1; when the temperature of the high-temperature fluid is higher, the first valve 23 is completely opened, so that the high-temperature fluid starts to pyrolyze the oil shale in a convection heating mode;
5. when the temperature of the thermocouple 5 is 300 ℃, the pyrolysis time is controlled to be certain, and the second valve 30 is opened in sequence, so that the oil gas collection work is carried out for a specific time; then closing the second valve 30, continuing to prolong the pyrolysis time, repeating the operation, and carrying out oil gas collection operation under different pyrolysis time;
6. the upper part of the main way large-scale rapid condenser 25 is provided with a gas extraction port, and the lower part is provided with a gas extraction port; the shale oil in the oil-gas collecting device 28 floats on the water surface and can be separated through a physical method, and the outlet of the guide pipe 35 can collect gas;
7. after the oil gas collection work of the previous heat injection temperature is completed, the second valve 30 is closed, the temperature of the high-temperature fluid is increased to the next temperature point, and the oil gas collection work under different pyrolysis time is also carried out;
8. heating at 50 ℃ every interval, and completing oil gas collection according to the steps until the temperature reaches 550 ℃;
9. carrying out density test and simulated distillation analysis on the collected shale oil, and carrying out quantitative analysis on API values of the shale oil under different heat injection temperatures, pyrolysis time and pyrolysis routes and different distillate oil yields, so that quantitative relations between the quality of the shale oil and the heat injection temperatures, the pyrolysis time and the pyrolysis routes can be obtained;
10. by fitting the relationship between the shale oil quality and the reaction path obtained under different heat injection temperatures and different pyrolysis times, guidance can be provided for the distance between the heat injection well and the production well.
Further, when the outlet temperature of the high-efficiency heat exchange spiral tube 31 of the primary cooling device 26 reaches the boiling point of the heat injection fluid during the branch condensation and product collection operation at different heat injection temperatures, the second temperature induction electromagnetic control valve 34 is closed, and the first temperature induction electromagnetic control valve 33 is opened, so that the primary cooling device 26 and the secondary cooling device 27 both perform the cooling operation of the fluid. When the outlet temperature of the high-efficiency heat exchange spiral pipe 31 of the primary cooling device 26 does not reach the boiling point of the heat injection fluid, the second temperature induction electromagnetic control valve 34 is opened, the first temperature induction electromagnetic control valve 33 is closed, and only the primary cooling device performs the fluid cooling operation.
Example 2
When the oil shale buries at 500m, the heat injection temperature is 600 ℃. The application method of the simulation device for exploiting the oil shale by the high-temperature fluid under the control of the multivariable factors comprises the following specific operation steps:
1. the inside of the high-temperature and high-pressure resistant long-distance reaction kettle 1 is filled with broken oil shale blocks or complete oil shale cores, and two ends of the reaction kettle 1 are provided with high-strength blind plates, so that rock mass migration is limited;
2. injecting slurry into the reaction kettle 1 through the grouting holes 4, setting the ratio of the oil shale powder to the shale cement to be 3:1, setting the grouting speed to be 1.5L/min, stopping grouting after filling, and closing the grouting valve 41;
3. after the slurry is sufficiently dried, removing blind plates at two sides of the high-temperature and high-pressure resistant long-distance reaction kettle 1, connecting a rigid pressure transmission component with the high-temperature and high-pressure resistant long-distance reaction kettle 1 through a flange plate 3, closing a first valve 23, adjusting the position of a pressure transmission head 7 through a pressure transmission head buckle 8, introducing circulating water into a water circulation cooling device 13, introducing specified hydraulic oil to specified pressure through a pressure transmission cavity liquid inlet 10, applying corresponding axial load through the rigid pressure transmission component, and recording the depth of the pressure transmission head 7 entering the high-temperature and high-pressure resistant long-distance reaction kettle 1 by an axial displacement meter 9;
4. injecting fluid into a kettle body 18 of a heating device 17 through a high-capacity fluid high-pressure pump 15, heating the kettle body 18, heating a boiler steel coil 19 when the temperature of the fluid exceeds the boiling point of the fluid, and slightly opening a first valve 23 when the temperature of the hot fluid is lower to preheat the reaction kettle 1; when the temperature of the high-temperature fluid is higher, the first valve 23 is completely opened, so that the high-temperature fluid starts to pyrolyze the oil shale in a convection heating mode;
5. when the temperature of the thermocouple 5 is 300 ℃, the pyrolysis time is controlled to be certain, and the second valve 30 is opened in sequence, so that the oil gas collection work is carried out for a specific time; then closing the second valve 30, continuing to prolong the pyrolysis time, repeating the operation, and carrying out oil gas collection operation under different pyrolysis time;
6. the upper part of the main way large-scale rapid condenser 25 is provided with a gas extraction port, and the lower part is provided with a gas extraction port; the shale oil in the oil-gas collecting device 28 floats on the water surface and can be separated through a physical method, and the outlet of the guide pipe 35 can collect gas;
7. after the oil gas collection work of the previous heat injection temperature is completed, the first valve 23 is closed, the temperature of the high-temperature fluid is increased to the next temperature point, and the oil gas collection work under different pyrolysis time is also carried out;
8. heating at 50 ℃ every interval, and completing oil gas collection according to the steps until the temperature reaches 550 ℃;
9. carrying out density test and simulated distillation analysis on the collected shale oil, and carrying out quantitative analysis on API values of the shale oil under different heat injection temperatures, pyrolysis time and pyrolysis routes and different distillate oil yields, so that quantitative relations between the quality of the shale oil and the heat injection temperatures, the pyrolysis time and the pyrolysis routes can be obtained;
10. by fitting the relationship between the shale oil quality and the reaction path obtained under different heat injection temperatures and different pyrolysis times, guidance can be provided for the distance between the heat injection well and the production well.
Further, when the outlet temperature of the high-efficiency heat exchange spiral tube 31 of the primary cooling device 26 reaches the boiling point of the heat injection fluid during the branch condensation and product collection operation at different heat injection temperatures, the second temperature induction electromagnetic control valve 34 is closed, and the first temperature induction electromagnetic control valve 33 is opened, so that the primary cooling device 26 and the secondary cooling device 27 both perform the cooling operation of the fluid. When the outlet temperature of the high-efficiency heat exchange spiral pipe 31 of the primary cooling device 26 does not reach the boiling point of the heat injection fluid, the second temperature induction electromagnetic control valve 34 is opened, the first temperature induction electromagnetic control valve 33 is closed, and only the primary cooling device performs the fluid cooling operation.
It will be evident to those skilled in the art that the invention is not limited to the details of the foregoing illustrative embodiments, and that the present invention may be embodied in other specific forms without departing from the spirit or essential characteristics thereof. The present embodiments are, therefore, to be considered in all respects as illustrative and not restrictive, the scope of the invention being indicated by the appended claims rather than by the foregoing description, and all changes which come within the meaning and range of equivalency of the claims are therefore intended to be embraced therein. Any reference sign in a claim should not be construed as limiting the claim concerned.
Claims (7)
1. An operation method of a simulation device for exploiting oil shale by high-temperature fluid is characterized by comprising the following steps: the simulation device comprises a high-temperature-resistant high-pressure-resistant long-distance reaction device, a high-temperature fluid generation system, a main-path large-scale rapid condenser (25), a branch condensation and product collection system and a temperature monitoring system;
the high-temperature-resistant high-pressure-resistant long-distance reaction device comprises a reaction kettle (1) and a rigid pressure transmission assembly, wherein a grouting hole (4) and a plurality of temperature measuring holes on two sides of the grouting hole are formed in the upper portion of the reaction kettle (1), a grouting valve (41) is arranged on the grouting hole (4), a thermocouple (5) is connected to the temperature measuring hole, a plurality of condensing holes (6) are formed in the side portion of the reaction kettle (1), and a second valve (30) is arranged on a pipeline, connected with a branch condensing and product collecting system, of the condensing holes (6);
the rigid pressure transmission assembly comprises a pressure transmission head (7), a pressure transmission head buckle (8), an axial displacement meter (9), a pressure transmission cavity liquid inlet (10), a pressure transmission cavity assembly flange (12), a connecting flange (11), a water circulation cooling device (13) and a pressure transmission cavity, and is connected with the reaction kettle (1) through the connecting flange (11);
the high-temperature fluid generating system is connected with the reaction kettle (1) through a first superheat pipe (21), a first valve (23) is arranged on the first superheat pipe (21), and the main-path large-sized rapid condenser (25) is connected with the rigid pressure transmission assembly through a second superheat pipe (24);
the branch condensation and product collection system mainly comprises a primary cooling device (26), a secondary cooling device (27) and an oil gas collection device (28), wherein the primary cooling device (26) and the secondary cooling device (27) comprise the same number of sealed groove bodies (29) which are in one-to-one correspondence and are arranged in series, heat exchange spiral pipes (31) are arranged in the groove bodies (29), the groove bodies (29) are connected with each other through pipelines, and the lower part of the groove body of the secondary cooling device (27) is connected with the oil gas collection device (28);
the operation steps of the simulation device are as follows:
s1: the inside of the reaction kettle (1) is filled with broken oil shale blocks or complete oil shale cores, and high-strength blind plates are arranged at two ends of the reaction kettle (1), so that rock mass migration is limited;
s2: injecting slurry into the reaction kettle (1) through a grouting hole (4), wherein the slurry is a mixture of oil shale powder and a shale cementing agent, the ratio of the oil shale powder to the shale cementing agent is 1:1-3:1, the grouting speed is 1.5L/min-5L/min, grouting is stopped after the grouting is completed, and a grouting valve (41) is closed;
s3: after the slurry is sufficiently dried, removing blind plates at two sides of the reaction kettle (1), connecting a rigid pressure transmission assembly with the reaction kettle (1) through a connecting flange (11), closing a first valve (23), adjusting the position of a pressure transmission head (7) through a pressure transmission head buckle (8), introducing circulating water into a water circulation cooling device (13), introducing specified hydraulic oil to the specified pressure through a pressure transmission cavity liquid inlet (10), applying corresponding axial load through the rigid pressure transmission assembly, and recording the depth of the pressure transmission head (7) entering the reaction kettle (1) by an axial displacement meter (9);
s4: heating the fluid by a high-temperature fluid generating system, and slightly opening a first valve (23) when the temperature of the hot fluid is low, so that the fluid preheats the reaction kettle (1); when the temperature of the high-temperature fluid is higher, the first valve (23) is completely opened, so that the high-temperature fluid starts to pyrolyze the oil shale in a convection heating mode;
s5: controlling pyrolysis time to be certain when the temperature of the thermocouple (5) is 300 ℃ as the reference, and sequentially opening the second valve (30) so as to perform oil gas collection work in specific time; then closing the second valve (30), continuing to prolong the pyrolysis time, repeating the work, and carrying out oil gas collection work under different pyrolysis time;
s6: the upper part of the main way large-scale rapid condenser (25) is provided with a gas extraction port, and the lower part is provided with a gas extraction port; shale oil in the oil-gas collecting device (28) floats on the water surface and can be separated through a physical method, a conduit (35) is arranged in the oil-gas collecting device (28), and the outlet of the conduit (35) can collect gas;
s7: after the oil gas collection work of the previous heat injection temperature is completed, the second valve (30) is closed, the temperature of the high-temperature fluid is increased to the next temperature point, and the oil gas collection work under different pyrolysis time is also carried out;
s8: heating at 50 ℃ every interval, and completing oil gas collection according to the steps until the temperature reaches 550 ℃;
s9: and carrying out density test and simulated distillation analysis on the collected shale oil, and carrying out quantitative analysis on the API values of the shale oil under different heat injection temperatures, pyrolysis time and pyrolysis routes and the yields of different distillate oils, so that the quantitative relation between the quality of the shale oil and the heat injection temperatures, the pyrolysis time and the pyrolysis routes can be obtained.
2. A method of operating a simulation apparatus for the production of oil shale from high temperature fluids as claimed in claim 1, wherein: the high-temperature fluid generation system comprises a high-pressure pump (15) and a heating device (17), wherein a one-way valve (16) is arranged on a pipeline between the high-pressure pump (15) and the heating device (17), the heating device comprises a kettle body (18), a boiler steel coil pipe (19) is wound on the outer side of the kettle body (18), and the boiler steel coil pipe (19) is connected with the reaction kettle (1) through a first overheating pipe (21).
3. A method of operating a simulation apparatus for the production of oil shale in high temperature fluid as claimed in claim 2, wherein: in the step S4, fluid is injected into a kettle body (18) of a heating device (17) through a high-pressure pump (15), the kettle body (18) is heated, and when the temperature of the fluid exceeds the boiling point of the fluid, a boiler steel coil (19) is heated.
4. A method of operating a simulation apparatus for the production of oil shale from high temperature fluids as claimed in claim 1, wherein: the second valve (30) is arranged on a pipeline in which a heat exchange spiral pipe (31) in a tank body (29) of the primary cooling device (26) is connected with a condensation hole (6) of the reaction kettle (1); the heat exchange spiral pipe (31) in the first-stage cooling device (26) is connected with the heat exchange spiral pipe (31) in the second-stage cooling device (27) corresponding to the lower part through a pipeline, and a first temperature induction electromagnetic control valve (33) is arranged on the pipeline; the heat exchange spiral pipe (31) in the secondary cooling device (27) is directly connected with the oil gas collecting device (28) corresponding to the lower part through a pipeline; the outlet position of a heat exchange spiral pipe (31) of the primary cooling device (26) is provided with a pipeline which directly leads to the oil gas collecting device (28), and a second temperature induction electromagnetic control valve (34) is arranged on the pipeline.
5. The method of operating a simulation apparatus for producing oil shale in hot fluid according to claim 4, wherein: when the branch condensation and product collection work are carried out under different heat injection temperatures, when the outlet temperature of the high-efficiency heat exchange spiral pipe (31) of the primary cooling device (26) reaches the boiling point of heat injection fluid, the second temperature induction electromagnetic control valve (34) is closed, the first temperature induction electromagnetic control valve (33) is opened, at the moment, the primary cooling device (26) and the secondary cooling device (27) both carry out the cooling work of the fluid, when the outlet temperature of the high-efficiency heat exchange spiral pipe (31) of the primary cooling device (26) does not reach the boiling point of the heat injection fluid, the second temperature induction electromagnetic control valve (34) is opened, the first temperature induction electromagnetic control valve (33) is closed, and at the moment, only the primary cooling device carries out the cooling work of the fluid.
6. A method of operating a simulation apparatus for the production of oil shale from high temperature fluids as claimed in claim 1, wherein: the test temperature can reach 600 ℃, and the geological environment with the buried depth of 500m below the shallow depth can be simulated.
7. A method of operating a simulation apparatus for the production of oil shale from high temperature fluids as claimed in claim 1, wherein: by fitting the relationship between the shale oil quality and the reaction path obtained under different heat injection temperatures and different pyrolysis times, guidance can be provided for the distance between the heat injection well and the production well.
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| CN113324889B (en) * | 2021-06-01 | 2022-05-06 | 西南石油大学 | Device for evaluating shale oil in-situ pyrolysis exploitation displacement efficiency and testing method |
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| CN114575811B (en) * | 2022-04-29 | 2022-07-22 | 太原理工大学 | Device and method for extracting oil gas from organic rock reservoirs with different burial depths through convection heating |
| CN115805104B (en) * | 2023-02-07 | 2023-04-18 | 太原理工大学 | Oil content detection device for in-situ exploitation of oil shale and application method thereof |
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