CN112729735A - Heat and vibration combined test method for high-temperature-resistant polyimide composite material gas cylinder - Google Patents
Heat and vibration combined test method for high-temperature-resistant polyimide composite material gas cylinder Download PDFInfo
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- CN112729735A CN112729735A CN202011499134.4A CN202011499134A CN112729735A CN 112729735 A CN112729735 A CN 112729735A CN 202011499134 A CN202011499134 A CN 202011499134A CN 112729735 A CN112729735 A CN 112729735A
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- G01M—TESTING STATIC OR DYNAMIC BALANCE OF MACHINES OR STRUCTURES; TESTING OF STRUCTURES OR APPARATUS, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
- G01M7/00—Vibration-testing of structures; Shock-testing of structures
- G01M7/02—Vibration-testing by means of a shake table
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Abstract
The invention discloses a high-temperature-resistant polyimide composite material gas cylinder thermal vibration combined test method, which comprises the steps of fitting a working pressure curve of a gas cylinder with a time axis according to the using environment temperature of the gas cylinder to obtain a data curve corresponding to the environment temperature and the gas cylinder pressure, selecting at least three coordinate points (X, Y) on the curve, converting thermal vibration test conditions into design points of a high-temperature state of gas of a test piece, and testing the temperature of the gas in the hollow cylinder corresponding to the three coordinate points in the first step to the coordinate points (X1, Y) through an external heating test of the hollow cylinder; and (X1, Y) is substituted into the non-ideal gas state equation to obtain a pressure value Y1 at the normal temperature. The gas filling at room temperature reaches (X0, Y1), the environment temperature is controlled to reach X, the internal temperature of the gas cylinder reaches X1, and the vibration test is started. The invention provides a test design scheme which is easier to operate and higher in reliability, and can be widely applied to formulation of a thermal vibration combined test scheme of high-temperature-resistant pressure vessels such as missile weapons, records and the like.
Description
Technical Field
The invention relates to a heat and vibration combined test method for a high-temperature-resistant polyimide composite material gas cylinder.
Background
Along with the continuous improvement of the flying mach numbers of the guided missiles and the aircrafts, the improvement of the flying pneumatic heating effect of the guided missiles and the aircrafts puts higher requirements on the pneumatic appearance design, the structural thermal protection design and the high temperature resistance design of equipment. The gas cylinder is used as an important component of a missile flying week power system and provides a gas source for the missile flying week power system. The gas cylinder is subjected to comprehensive influence of thermodynamics and vibration environments in the flying working process of a missile or an aircraft, high-pressure gas grows inside the gas cylinder, the high-temperature condition is that the gas is heated and expanded, the gas cylinder is subjected to structural bearing strength examination caused by the thermal stress of the high-pressure gas, and the gas cylinder is estimated to be verified by a bottom surface reliability test. The gas cylinder thermal vibration combined test is an effective method for examining the reliability of structural parts in force, heat and vibration environments.
At present, the maximum service temperature of a gas cylinder in a domestic and foreign weapon system is generally not more than 200 ℃, the maximum service temperature is less influenced by the application market demand of a high-temperature gas cylinder for the weapon system, and the selected gas cylinder material is mainly a metal or epoxy resin system composite material gas cylinder, so that a force, heat and vibration related experimental method of a high-temperature resistant polyimide composite material gas cylinder with the temperature of more than 200 ℃ is lacked at present. Based on the situation, the invention provides a high-temperature-resistant polyimide composite material gas cylinder thermal vibration combined test method. So as to realize the application of the thermal vibration combined test scheme of the high-temperature resistant polyimide composite material gas cylinder with the temperature of up to 400 ℃.
Disclosure of Invention
The invention provides a heat vibration combined test method for a high-temperature-resistant polyimide composite material gas cylinder, which can solve the problem that the working pressure transient point of the polyimide composite material gas cylinder is not matched with the heat vibration test time at the best use temperature of 400 ℃ for Jianxia.
The technical scheme of the invention is a heat and vibration combined test method for a high-temperature-resistant polyimide composite gas cylinder, which comprises the following steps:
the first step is as follows: determining thermal vibration test conditions, drawing a curve of time and corresponding environment temperature data according to the practical situation of the change of the environment temperature of the gas cylinder in use, fitting the curve with a gas cylinder working pressure curve according to a time axis to obtain a data curve of the environment temperature and the gas cylinder pressure, and selecting at least three coordinate points (X and Y) on the curve, wherein the X on the horizontal axis is the temperature, and the Y on the vertical axis is the pressure;
the second step is that: converting the thermal vibration test condition into a test piece gas high-temperature state design point, testing the internal gas temperature of the empty bottle corresponding to the three coordinate points in the first step through an empty bottle external heating test according to the three coordinate points obtained in the first step, recording, and replacing the abscissa (X1, Y) of the three coordinate points in the first step by the measured temperature value;
the third step: the three coordinate points (X1, Y) in the second step are substituted into a formula to be converted into a gas normal temperature state design point, corresponding pressure values are recorded to form coordinate points (X0, Y1), X0 is a room temperature value, the conversion formula is a non-ideal gas state equation,
p gas pressure;
a: the correction coefficient can be 0.1368;
v is the gas volume;
b: the molecular volume correction factor can be ignored;
n: the amount of gaseous species;
r is an ideal gas constant;
t: temperature (using absolute temperature values).
And fourthly, preparing thermal vibration test conditions, filling gas at room temperature to reach (X0, Y1), fixing the gas cylinder to be tested on a vibration test table, and heating the outer ring of the gas cylinder to be tested by thermal radiation until the ambient temperature reaches X and the internal temperature of the gas cylinder reaches X1, and starting the vibration test.
The invention has the advantages of providing a test design scheme which is easier to operate and higher in reliability, and being widely applied to the formulation of the thermal vibration combined test scheme of high-temperature-resistant pressure containers such as missile weapons, records and the like.
Drawings
Fig. 1 is a schematic diagram of coordinate point selection.
FIG. 2 is a schematic structural diagram of a test state of the present invention.
Labeled as: 1-polyimide composite material gas cylinder, 2-temperature sensor.
Detailed Description
The invention will be further explained with reference to the drawings.
Firstly, determining the thermal vibration test condition. According to the practical situation of the change of the using environment temperature of the gas cylinder, a curve of time and corresponding environment temperature data is drawn, then the curve is fitted with a gas cylinder working pressure curve according to a time axis to obtain a data curve of the environment temperature and the gas cylinder pressure, the gas cylinder using working condition load is analyzed, 3 gas cylinder internal pressure values of a vertical coordinate are respectively obtained on a dynamic curve by using the horizontal coordinate of 200 ℃, 300 ℃ and 400 ℃, and finally the formed state point is used as a thermal vibration test condition, wherein the concrete curve is shown in figure 1.
And secondly, converting the thermal vibration test condition into a test piece gas high-temperature state design point. According to the three coordinate points (200,23), (300,21) and (400,10) obtained in the first step, the abscissa value is the ambient temperature, and the gas temperature data in the gas cylinder needs to be obtained when a gas state design point is required to be obtained. By using the process test piece shown in FIG. 2, the internal gas temperatures of the empty bottle at 200 deg.C, 300 deg.C, and 400 deg.C were 122 deg.C, 230 deg.C, and 335 deg.C, respectively, as measured by the empty bottle external heating test. Considering that the process test piece is an empty polyimide composite material bottle, the thermal conductivity of the empty polyimide composite material bottle is smaller than that of a real pressure-bearing gas bottle at the temperature of 200 ℃, 300 ℃ and 400 ℃, namely, the internal temperature of the pressure-bearing gas bottle is higher than 122 ℃, 230 ℃ and 335 ℃ when the environment temperature reaches 200 ℃, 300 ℃ and 400 ℃ under the heating test condition. Through analysis and comparison, a gas high-temperature state design point which is relatively strict in examination on the gas cylinder is selected: (122,23), (230,21), (335, 10). The conventional gas cylinder thermal test is based on the state of an air cylinder without an internal pressure load, the test condition is underassessed, the thermodynamic condition under the real load state is simulated according to the actual temperature and pressure design points, the original design thought is abandoned, several harsher design points are selected, the test is carried out under the state that the states of the design points are continuous, the requirements of the conventional test can be completely met, and the control of the test environment condition is more convenient and stable.
The third step: and converting the design point of the gas in the high-temperature state into the design point of the gas in the normal-temperature state, and preparing the thermal vibration test condition. According to the non-ideal gas state (van der waals) equation, as shown in equation 1:
p gas pressure;
a: the correction coefficient can be 0.1368;
v is the gas volume;
b: the molecular volume correction factor can be ignored;
n: the amount of gaseous species;
r is an ideal gas constant;
t: and (3) temperature.
Substituting the design points (122,23), (230,21) and (355,10) of the gas in the high-temperature state into the formula 1 for equivalent transformation to obtain the normal temperature of the gas, namely the pressure of the design point in the state of 20 ℃, wherein the transformed design points are 16MPa, 12MPa and 5MPa after transformation at 200 ℃, 300 ℃ and 400 ℃, and recording the three values as the pressure values of the gas filled at the three experimental design points under the normal temperature condition. According to the structure form of an empty bottle, the temperature sensor is welded and then sealed.
And fourthly, carrying out a thermal vibration test, namely selecting a test piece filled with 16MPa gas at normal temperature, fixing the test piece on a vibration test table, adopting an annular quartz lamp group for thermal radiation heating on the outer ring of the test piece, adopting a suspension mode to protect the test piece by the quartz lamp group, and pasting a thermocouple on the surface of the test piece for monitoring the temperature overload of the composite material on the surface of the test piece. After heating is started, the heating is continuously and stably carried out for a period of time by controlling the power of the quartz lamp to reach the condition that the ambient temperature is 200 ℃, when the internal temperature of a test piece is taken up to reach 122 ℃, a vibration test is started until the vibration required time is finished, the heater of the quartz lamp is turned off, and the thermal vibration test at the state point of 200 ℃ is finished.
Fifthly, selecting a test of filling 12MPa gas at normal temperature according to the flow of the fourth step, carrying out a thermal vibration test at a state point of 300 ℃,
and sixthly, selecting a test piece filled with 5MPa gas at normal temperature according to the flow of the fourth step, and performing a thermal vibration test at a state point of 400 ℃, so that the thermal vibration test examination is finished.
According to actual requirements, the temperature value of the design point can be changed, more design points can be added, and the pressure and temperature state which is harsher can be covered.
Claims (3)
1. A heat and vibration combined test method for a high-temperature-resistant polyimide composite gas cylinder comprises the following steps:
the first step is as follows: determining thermal vibration test conditions, drawing a curve of time and corresponding environment temperature data according to the practical situation of the change of the environment temperature of the gas cylinder in use, fitting the curve with a gas cylinder working pressure curve according to a time axis to obtain a data curve of the environment temperature and the gas cylinder pressure, and selecting at least three coordinate points (X and Y) on the curve, wherein the X on the horizontal axis is the temperature, and the Y on the vertical axis is the pressure;
the second step is that: converting the thermal vibration test condition into a test piece gas high-temperature state design point, testing the internal gas temperature of the empty bottle corresponding to the three coordinate points in the first step through an empty bottle external heating test according to the three coordinate points obtained in the first step, recording, and replacing the abscissa (X1, Y) of the three coordinate points in the first step by the measured temperature value;
the third step: the three coordinate points (X1, Y) in the second step are substituted into a formula to be converted into a gas normal temperature state design point, corresponding pressure values are recorded to form coordinate points (X0, Y1), X0 is a room temperature value, the conversion formula is a non-ideal gas state equation,
p gas pressure;
a: the correction coefficient can be 0.1368;
v is the gas volume;
b: the molecular volume correction factor can be ignored;
n: the amount of gaseous species;
r is an ideal gas constant;
t: and (3) temperature.
And fourthly, preparing thermal vibration test conditions, filling gas at room temperature to reach (X0, Y1), fixing the gas cylinder to be tested on a vibration test table, and heating the outer ring of the gas cylinder to be tested by thermal radiation until the ambient temperature reaches X and the internal temperature of the gas cylinder reaches X1, and starting the vibration test.
2. The heat and vibration combined test method for the high-temperature-resistant polyimide composite gas cylinder as claimed in claim 1, characterized in that:
in the first step, three design points are selected with coordinates as follows: (200,23), (300,21), (400,10), and calculating and testing to obtain three coordinate points (122,23), (230,21), (355,10) in the second step, and in the third step, the normal temperature is 20 ℃, and the gas pressure values are 16MPa, 12MPa and 5 MPa.
3. The heat and vibration combined test method for the high-temperature-resistant polyimide composite gas cylinder as claimed in claim 1, characterized in that:
and a thermocouple is adhered to the surface of the gas cylinder to be tested and is used for monitoring the temperature overload of the composite material on the surface of the test piece.
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| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN113551995A (en) * | 2021-06-29 | 2021-10-26 | 无锡市欧凯电子有限公司 | Hydraulic measurement and control method |
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