CN112729211B - Method for measuring and separating straight motion error of guide bar/rod - Google Patents

Method for measuring and separating straight motion error of guide bar/rod Download PDF

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CN112729211B
CN112729211B CN202011564842.1A CN202011564842A CN112729211B CN 112729211 B CN112729211 B CN 112729211B CN 202011564842 A CN202011564842 A CN 202011564842A CN 112729211 B CN112729211 B CN 112729211B
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cross
bar
guide rod
center
section
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CN112729211A (en
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张镭
王炳德
马健
李春雷
曹文斌
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Northeastern University China
Shanxi Aerospace Qinghua Equipment Co Ltd
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Northeastern University China
Shanxi Aerospace Qinghua Equipment Co Ltd
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    • G—PHYSICS
    • G01—MEASURING; TESTING
    • G01B—MEASURING LENGTH, THICKNESS OR SIMILAR LINEAR DIMENSIONS; MEASURING ANGLES; MEASURING AREAS; MEASURING IRREGULARITIES OF SURFACES OR CONTOURS
    • G01B21/00—Measuring arrangements or details thereof, where the measuring technique is not covered by the other groups of this subclass, unspecified or not relevant
    • G01B21/22—Measuring arrangements or details thereof, where the measuring technique is not covered by the other groups of this subclass, unspecified or not relevant for measuring angles or tapers; for testing the alignment of axes
    • G01B21/24—Measuring arrangements or details thereof, where the measuring technique is not covered by the other groups of this subclass, unspecified or not relevant for measuring angles or tapers; for testing the alignment of axes for testing alignment of axes
    • G—PHYSICS
    • G01—MEASURING; TESTING
    • G01B—MEASURING LENGTH, THICKNESS OR SIMILAR LINEAR DIMENSIONS; MEASURING ANGLES; MEASURING AREAS; MEASURING IRREGULARITIES OF SURFACES OR CONTOURS
    • G01B21/00—Measuring arrangements or details thereof, where the measuring technique is not covered by the other groups of this subclass, unspecified or not relevant
    • G01B21/02—Measuring arrangements or details thereof, where the measuring technique is not covered by the other groups of this subclass, unspecified or not relevant for measuring length, width, or thickness
    • G—PHYSICS
    • G01—MEASURING; TESTING
    • G01B—MEASURING LENGTH, THICKNESS OR SIMILAR LINEAR DIMENSIONS; MEASURING ANGLES; MEASURING AREAS; MEASURING IRREGULARITIES OF SURFACES OR CONTOURS
    • G01B21/00—Measuring arrangements or details thereof, where the measuring technique is not covered by the other groups of this subclass, unspecified or not relevant
    • G01B21/20—Measuring arrangements or details thereof, where the measuring technique is not covered by the other groups of this subclass, unspecified or not relevant for measuring contours or curvatures, e.g. determining profile

Abstract

A method for measuring and separating the straight motion error of a guide bar/rod comprises the following steps: step 1, measuring the straightness error of an axis or a center line of a machined guide rod/bar in advance, or measuring a plurality of cross section profiles of the machined guide rod/bar, wherein the number of sampling sections is m; obtaining the coordinates E of the center position of each cross section profilej(aj,bj) (j ═ 0, 1, 2, …, m); step 2, in the same cross section, two pairs of displacement sensors are vertically arranged oppositely to monitor the variation of the guide rod/bar axis or the central line in the linear motion; step 3, measuring the actual position P of the center of the cross section profile of the guide rod/barj(ii) a Step 4, targeting the center position P of the cross section profile0(ii) a Step 5, the center P of the outline of the target cross section0Separation or compensation of inline motion errors. The straight-line motion precision of the guide rod/bar is obtained by a measurement compensation method, and the requirement on the manufacturing precision of the guide rod/bar is greatly reduced, so that the processing difficulty and the manufacturing cost are reduced.

Description

Method for measuring and separating straight motion error of guide bar/rod
Technical Field
The invention belongs to the technical field of machine manufacturing, and particularly relates to a method for measuring and separating a straight motion error of a guide lever/rod.
Background
In the field of mechanical manufacturing, linear guide rods/bars are adopted in many occasions, and the requirement on the accuracy of the linear motion of the guide rods/bars is higher and higher. The main method for obtaining the straight-going motion of the high-precision guide rod/bar at present is to improve the manufacturing precision of the guide rod/bar pair; when the required precision of the straight motion of the guide rod/bar is high, the manufacturing tolerance is small, so that the processing is difficult, the manufacturing cost is also obviously improved, and even the processing is difficult.
Disclosure of Invention
In order to achieve the purpose, the invention adopts the following technical scheme:
when the upper end face of the guide rod/bar is selected as the application device mounting face, the straight-moving error at the position of the upper end face of the guide rod/bar needs to be controlled. A spatial rectangular coordinate system is established with the guide bar/bar axis or the center line as the Z-axis and the upper end surface of the guide bar/bar as the XOY plane.
A method for measuring and separating the straight motion error of a guide bar/rod comprises the following steps:
step 1, measuring the straightness error of an axis or a center line of a machined guide rod/bar in advance, or measuring a plurality of cross section profiles of the machined guide rod/bar, wherein the number of sampling sections is m; obtaining the coordinates E of the center position of each cross section profilej(aj,bj)(j＝0，1，2，…，m)；
Step 2, in the same cross section, two pairs of displacement sensors are vertically arranged oppositely to monitor the variation of the guide rod/bar axis or the central line in the linear motion; the planes of two pairs of displacement sensors which are arranged in an opposite way and are vertical to each other are an XOZ plane and a YOZ plane respectively; the readings of two pairs of 4 displacement sensors on the upper end surface of the guide rod/bar are zeroed;
step 3, measuring the actual position P of the center of the cross section profile of the guide rod/barj
The linear ascending height of the upper end surface of the guide rod/lever is set to be L1Then, the value of the displacement sensor in the + X direction is measured to be Deltaxj+-X-direction sensor value Δ Xj-And the + Y-direction sensor value is Deltayj+-Y direction transmissionSensor value Δ yj-；
Coordinate F of variable position of cross-section contour center of measured guide rod/bari(Δxj＝Δxj+-Δxj-，Δyj＝Δyj++Δyj-) (ii) a If the original coordinate of the central position of the cross section profile is measured in advance as Ej(aj,bj) Then the actual position P of the center of the cross-sectional profile is obtainedjPosition vector of
Figure BDA0002860465130000021
Should be a pre-measured cross-sectional profile center vector
Figure BDA0002860465130000022
And the measured central position vector at this time
Figure BDA0002860465130000023
A resultant vector of (i)
Figure BDA0002860465130000024
So that the actual position P of the center of the cross-sectional profilej(ΔXj,ΔYj) The following should be:
ΔXj＝Δxj+aj，ΔYj＝Δyj+bj
the actual position P of the center of the cross-sectional profilejAzimuth angle theta ofjThe method comprises the following steps:
Figure BDA0002860465130000025
step 4, targeting the center position P of the cross section profile0
Target upper end face cross section contour central position P0The calculation is as follows:
Figure BDA0002860465130000026
therefore, the first and second electrodes are formed on the substrate,
Figure BDA0002860465130000027
target upper end face cross section contour central position P0Azimuth angle theta ofjThe method comprises the following steps:
Figure BDA0002860465130000028
step 5, the center P of the outline of the target cross section0Separating or compensating for errors in straight-ahead motion
If the upper end face of the guide rod/bar is selected as a mounting face of an application device, separation or correction of straight-moving errors can be carried out at any time according to sampling data of two pairs of 4 displacement sensors which are vertically arranged with each other in the straight-moving process of the guide rod/bar;
correction amount in X direction is DeltaX0：
Figure BDA0002860465130000029
Similarly, the correction amount in the Y direction is Δ Y0：
Figure BDA00028604651300000210
The invention has the beneficial effects that:
1. at present, the main method for improving the straight-line motion precision of the guide rod/lever is to improve the manufacturing precision of the guide rod/lever pair. By adopting the method, the accurate straight-line motion precision of the guide rod/bar can be obtained by a measurement compensation method, and the requirement on the manufacturing precision of the guide rod/bar is greatly reduced, so that the processing difficulty and the manufacturing cost are reduced.
2. By means of the pre-measurement and on-line measurement method, error values of the guide rod/bar axis or the center line are obtained quantitatively through calculation and are separated or subjected to error compensation, so that the dependence of the motion precision of the guide rod/bar pair on the manufacturing precision of the guide rod/bar or the guide sleeve is reduced, and the actual precision of straight motion is improved.
Drawings
FIG. 1 is an analysis diagram of the variation position of the center of the measured cross section according to the present invention;
FIG. 2 is an analysis of the center position of a target profile on the upper end of a guide bar/pole according to the present invention;
Detailed Description
The present invention will be described in further detail with reference to the accompanying drawings and examples.
A method for measuring and separating the straight motion error of a guide bar/rod adopts a device with application number CN202010810625X for measuring the shape error of the inner surface of a deep hole of a part, and comprises the following steps:
step 1, measuring the straightness error of an axis or a center line of a machined guide rod/bar in advance, or measuring a plurality of cross section profiles of the machined guide rod/bar, wherein the number of sampling sections is m; obtaining the coordinates E of the center position of each cross section profilej(aj,bj)(j＝0，1，2，…，m)；
Step 2, in the same cross section, two pairs of displacement sensors are vertically arranged oppositely to monitor the variation of the guide rod/bar axis or the central line in the linear motion; the planes of two pairs of displacement sensors which are arranged in an opposite way and are vertical to each other are an XOZ plane and a YOZ plane respectively; the readings of two pairs of 4 displacement sensors on the upper end surface of the guide rod/bar are zeroed;
step 3, measuring the actual position P of the center of the cross section profile of the guide rod/barj
The linear ascending height of the upper end surface of the guide rod/lever is set to be L1Then, the value of the displacement sensor in the + X direction is measured to be Deltaxj+-X-direction sensor value Δ Xj-And the + Y-direction sensor value is Deltayj+-Y-direction sensor value Δ Yj-；
As shown in FIG. 1, the coordinate F of the variation position of the center of the cross-sectional profile of the measured guide bar/bari(Δxj＝Δxj+-Δxj-，Δyj＝Δyj++Δyj-) (ii) a If the original coordinate of the central position of the cross section profile is measured in advance as Ej(aj,bj) Then the actual position P of the center of the cross-sectional profile is obtainedjPosition vector of
Figure BDA0002860465130000031
Should be a pre-measured cross-sectional profile center vector
Figure BDA0002860465130000032
And the measured central position vector at this time
Figure BDA0002860465130000033
A resultant vector of (i)
Figure BDA0002860465130000034
So that the actual position P of the center of the cross-sectional profilej(ΔXj,ΔYj) The following should be:
ΔXj＝Δxj+aj，ΔYj＝Δyj+bj
the actual position P of the center of the cross-sectional profilejAzimuth angle theta ofjThe method comprises the following steps:
Figure BDA0002860465130000041
step 4, targeting the center position P of the cross section profile0
As shown in FIG. 2, the center position P of the cross-sectional profile of the upper end face of the object0The calculation is as follows:
Figure BDA0002860465130000042
therefore, the first and second electrodes are formed on the substrate,
Figure BDA0002860465130000043
target upper end face cross section contour central position P0Azimuth angle theta ofjThe method comprises the following steps:
Figure BDA0002860465130000044
step 5, the center P of the outline of the target cross section0Separating or compensating for errors in straight-ahead motion
If the upper end face of the guide rod/bar is selected as a measuring sensor or a processing cutter mounting face, separation or correction of straight motion errors can be carried out at any time according to sampling data of two pairs of 4 displacement sensors which are vertically arranged with each other in the straight motion process of the guide rod/bar; as shown in figures 1 and 2 of the drawings,
correction amount in X direction is DeltaX0：
Figure BDA0002860465130000045
Similarly, the correction amount in the Y direction is Δ Y0：
Figure BDA0002860465130000046

Claims (1)

1. A method for measuring and separating the error of the straight motion of a guide bar/rod is characterized by comprising the following steps:
step 1, measuring the straightness error of an axis or a center line of a machined guide rod/bar in advance, or measuring a plurality of cross section profiles of the machined guide rod/bar, wherein the number of sampling sections is m; obtaining the coordinates E of the center position of each cross section profilej(aj,bj)(j＝0，1，2，…，m)；
Step 2, in the same cross section, two pairs of displacement sensors are vertically arranged oppositely to monitor the variation of the guide rod/bar axis or the central line in the linear motion; the planes of two pairs of displacement sensors which are arranged in an opposite way and are vertical to each other are an XOZ plane and a YOZ plane respectively; the readings of two pairs of 4 displacement sensors on the upper end surface of the guide rod/bar are zeroed;
step 3, measuring the actual position P of the center of the cross section profile of the guide rod/barj
The linear ascending height of the upper end surface of the guide rod/lever is set to be L1Then, the value of the displacement sensor in the + X direction is measured to be Deltaxj+-X-direction sensor value Δ Xj-And the + Y-direction sensor value is Deltayj+-Y-direction sensor value Δ Yj-；
Coordinate F of variable position of cross-section contour center of measured guide rod/bari(Δxj＝Δxj+-Δxj-，Δyj＝Δyj++Δyj-) (ii) a If the original coordinate of the central position of the cross section profile is measured in advance as Ej(aj,bj) Then the actual position P of the center of the cross-sectional profile is obtainedjPosition vector of
Figure FDA0002860465120000011
Should be a pre-measured cross-sectional profile center vector
Figure FDA0002860465120000012
And the measured central position vector at this time
Figure FDA0002860465120000013
A resultant vector of (i)
Figure FDA0002860465120000014
So that the actual position P of the center of the cross-sectional profilej(ΔXj,ΔYj) The following should be:
ΔXj＝Δxj+aj，ΔYj＝Δyj+bj
the cross-sectional profileCentral actual position PjAzimuth angle theta ofjThe method comprises the following steps:
Figure FDA0002860465120000015
step 4, targeting the center position P of the cross section profile0
Target upper end face cross section contour central position P0The calculation is as follows:
Figure FDA0002860465120000016
therefore, the first and second electrodes are formed on the substrate,
Figure FDA0002860465120000017
target upper end face cross section contour central position P0Azimuth angle theta ofjThe method comprises the following steps:
Figure FDA0002860465120000021
step 5, the center P of the outline of the target cross section0Separating or compensating for errors in straight-ahead motion
If the upper end face of the guide rod/bar is selected as a mounting face of an application device, separation or correction of straight-moving errors can be carried out at any time according to sampling data of two pairs of 4 displacement sensors which are vertically arranged with each other in the straight-moving process of the guide rod/bar;
correction amount in X direction is DeltaX0：
Figure FDA0002860465120000022
Similarly, the correction amount in the Y direction is Δ Y0：
Figure FDA0002860465120000023
CN202011564842.1A 2020-12-25 2020-12-25 Method for measuring and separating straight motion error of guide bar/rod Active CN112729211B (en)

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Citations (7)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US5029088A (en) * 1988-10-14 1991-07-02 Tsubakimoto Chain Co. Method of and apparatus for guiding a moving object
DE4339371A1 (en) * 1992-11-19 1994-05-26 Mazda Motor Horizontal error detection and calibration system for vehicle scanning radar - detects difference between stored reference point position when vehicle has no horizontal error, with sensed position of defined point of obstacle
CN1927535A (en) * 2006-07-21 2007-03-14 上海大学 Tracking method of on-line measuring roundness error and machine tool main axle error
CN105136076A (en) * 2015-05-29 2015-12-09 厦门大学 Large-stroke linkage mechanism two-dimensional plane roundness error calibration method
CN107449442A (en) * 2016-04-22 2017-12-08 西门子公司 Method, linear drive apparatus and equipment
CN108253906A (en) * 2018-03-20 2018-07-06 齐鲁工业大学 A kind of axle housing circularity cylindricity detection device axis of workpiece location error compensation method
CN111993159A (en) * 2020-08-27 2020-11-27 江苏科技大学 In-place non-contact detection method for shaft workpieces

Patent Citations (7)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US5029088A (en) * 1988-10-14 1991-07-02 Tsubakimoto Chain Co. Method of and apparatus for guiding a moving object
DE4339371A1 (en) * 1992-11-19 1994-05-26 Mazda Motor Horizontal error detection and calibration system for vehicle scanning radar - detects difference between stored reference point position when vehicle has no horizontal error, with sensed position of defined point of obstacle
CN1927535A (en) * 2006-07-21 2007-03-14 上海大学 Tracking method of on-line measuring roundness error and machine tool main axle error
CN105136076A (en) * 2015-05-29 2015-12-09 厦门大学 Large-stroke linkage mechanism two-dimensional plane roundness error calibration method
CN107449442A (en) * 2016-04-22 2017-12-08 西门子公司 Method, linear drive apparatus and equipment
CN108253906A (en) * 2018-03-20 2018-07-06 齐鲁工业大学 A kind of axle housing circularity cylindricity detection device axis of workpiece location error compensation method
CN111993159A (en) * 2020-08-27 2020-11-27 江苏科技大学 In-place non-contact detection method for shaft workpieces

Non-Patent Citations (2)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Title
《三测头法误差分离技术的理论与试验》;张镭;《机械工程学报》;20090630;第256-261页 *
《直线度误差分离方法的误差分析》;王宪平;《国防科技大学学报》;20001231;第100-104页 *

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