CN112729200A - Long-term monitoring system, structure and method for expansion process of loose ring of surrounding rock - Google Patents
Long-term monitoring system, structure and method for expansion process of loose ring of surrounding rock Download PDFInfo
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- CN112729200A CN112729200A CN202011472042.7A CN202011472042A CN112729200A CN 112729200 A CN112729200 A CN 112729200A CN 202011472042 A CN202011472042 A CN 202011472042A CN 112729200 A CN112729200 A CN 112729200A
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- displacement meter
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- 239000011435 rock Substances 0.000 title claims abstract description 117
- 238000000034 method Methods 0.000 title claims abstract description 62
- 238000012544 monitoring process Methods 0.000 title claims abstract description 61
- 230000007774 longterm Effects 0.000 title claims abstract description 30
- 239000013307 optical fiber Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 87
- 238000006073 displacement reaction Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 59
- 238000006049 ring expansion reaction Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 9
- 238000012360 testing method Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 9
- 238000007405 data analysis Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 7
- 230000003287 optical effect Effects 0.000 claims abstract description 3
- 238000004458 analytical method Methods 0.000 claims description 10
- 239000000835 fiber Substances 0.000 claims description 5
- 238000005070 sampling Methods 0.000 claims description 4
- 238000009412 basement excavation Methods 0.000 abstract description 3
- 238000010586 diagram Methods 0.000 description 3
- 238000010998 test method Methods 0.000 description 3
- 238000010276 construction Methods 0.000 description 2
- 230000007547 defect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000013461 design Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000001514 detection method Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000011161 development Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000005553 drilling Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000005065 mining Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000012986 modification Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000004048 modification Effects 0.000 description 1
- 239000002689 soil Substances 0.000 description 1
- XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N water Substances O XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
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- G—PHYSICS
- G01—MEASURING; TESTING
- G01B—MEASURING LENGTH, THICKNESS OR SIMILAR LINEAR DIMENSIONS; MEASURING ANGLES; MEASURING AREAS; MEASURING IRREGULARITIES OF SURFACES OR CONTOURS
- G01B21/00—Measuring arrangements or details thereof, where the measuring technique is not covered by the other groups of this subclass, unspecified or not relevant
- G01B21/18—Measuring arrangements or details thereof, where the measuring technique is not covered by the other groups of this subclass, unspecified or not relevant for measuring depth
-
- G—PHYSICS
- G01—MEASURING; TESTING
- G01B—MEASURING LENGTH, THICKNESS OR SIMILAR LINEAR DIMENSIONS; MEASURING ANGLES; MEASURING AREAS; MEASURING IRREGULARITIES OF SURFACES OR CONTOURS
- G01B11/00—Measuring arrangements characterised by the use of optical techniques
- G01B11/16—Measuring arrangements characterised by the use of optical techniques for measuring the deformation in a solid, e.g. optical strain gauge
-
- G—PHYSICS
- G01—MEASURING; TESTING
- G01B—MEASURING LENGTH, THICKNESS OR SIMILAR LINEAR DIMENSIONS; MEASURING ANGLES; MEASURING AREAS; MEASURING IRREGULARITIES OF SURFACES OR CONTOURS
- G01B11/00—Measuring arrangements characterised by the use of optical techniques
- G01B11/22—Measuring arrangements characterised by the use of optical techniques for measuring depth
-
- G—PHYSICS
- G01—MEASURING; TESTING
- G01B—MEASURING LENGTH, THICKNESS OR SIMILAR LINEAR DIMENSIONS; MEASURING ANGLES; MEASURING AREAS; MEASURING IRREGULARITIES OF SURFACES OR CONTOURS
- G01B21/00—Measuring arrangements or details thereof, where the measuring technique is not covered by the other groups of this subclass, unspecified or not relevant
- G01B21/02—Measuring arrangements or details thereof, where the measuring technique is not covered by the other groups of this subclass, unspecified or not relevant for measuring length, width, or thickness
-
- G—PHYSICS
- G01—MEASURING; TESTING
- G01N—INVESTIGATING OR ANALYSING MATERIALS BY DETERMINING THEIR CHEMICAL OR PHYSICAL PROPERTIES
- G01N33/00—Investigating or analysing materials by specific methods not covered by groups G01N1/00 - G01N31/00
- G01N33/24—Earth materials
Abstract
The invention provides a long-term monitoring system, a structure and a method for a surrounding rock loosening ring expansion process, wherein the long-term monitoring system for the surrounding rock loosening ring expansion process comprises a multipoint displacement meter and distributed optical fibers, the multipoint displacement meter and the tangential direction of a monitoring surface of the surrounding rock loosening ring are vertically embedded into the surrounding rock loosening ring and the surrounding rock, the distributed optical fibers are also embedded into the surrounding rock loosening ring and the surrounding rock and are distributed on the upper side and the lower side of the multipoint displacement meter, the distributed optical fibers are respectively connected with a pulse optical signal emitter and an optical fiber demodulation analyzer, the multipoint displacement meter and the optical fiber demodulation analyzer are connected with a data acquisition system, and the data acquisition system is connected with a data analysis system. The method can monitor the surrounding rock loose circle at a specific position affected by subsequent excavation or the process of expanding along with time, can timely acquire the depth and the change condition of the surrounding rock loose circle, test the rationality of the supporting structure, and forecast and early warn the rapid change condition of the surrounding rock loose circle.
Description
Technical Field
The invention relates to a long-term monitoring system, a structure and a method for a surrounding rock loosening ring expansion process.
Background
With the rapid development of the fields of traffic, mining, water conservancy, rock and soil, the number of underground engineering constructions is continuously increased. For underground tunnels or caverns, necessary construction period and permanent monitoring and detection are required to be carried out so as to ensure the safety of constructors, operators, engineering structures and the like.
For a rock tunnel or a cavern, the loose ring test is frequently needed because the loose ring reflects the ubiquitous objective physical mechanical state of surrounding rocks and has certain guiding significance for tunnel or cavern support design and the like. Common methods for testing for loose loops include, 1) sonic testing; 2) a seismic wave method; 3) drilling and shooting; 4) multipoint displacement meter method, etc. The former 3 test methods generally test the loosening ring of the surrounding rock only at specific time points, the 4 th test method can only roughly determine the depth of the loosening ring, and in part of the test methods, the depth of the loosening ring is difficult to judge for rock bodies with high crushing degree.
Therefore, it is desirable to provide a monitoring system or a monitoring structure or a monitoring method capable of monitoring the surrounding rock loosening ring expansion process for a long time.
Disclosure of Invention
The invention aims to provide a long-term monitoring system for a surrounding rock loosening ring expansion process, aiming at the problems in the prior art.
Therefore, the above purpose of the invention is realized by the following technical scheme:
the utility model provides a surrounding rock loose circle extension process long-term monitoring system which characterized in that: the long-term monitoring system of loose circle extension process of country rock includes multiple spot displacement meter and distributed optical fiber, the multiple spot displacement meter buries into in the loose circle of country rock until the country rock with the tangential direction looks vertical of the monitoring surface of the loose circle of country rock, distributed optical fiber also buries into in the loose circle of country rock until the country rock and distributes in the upper and lower both sides of multiple spot displacement meter, distributed optical fiber is connected respectively with pulse optical signal transmitter, optical fiber demodulation analysis appearance, multiple spot displacement meter, optical fiber demodulation analysis appearance are connected with data acquisition system, data acquisition system is connected with data analysis system.
While adopting the technical scheme, the invention can also adopt or combine the following technical scheme:
as a preferred technical scheme of the invention: the distributed optical fiber and the multipoint displacement meter are arranged at 45 degrees.
As a preferred technical scheme of the invention: the distributed optical fibers are arranged in the distributed optical fiber buried pipe, and the two distributed optical fibers are attached to the inner side of the distributed optical fiber buried pipe at opposite positions.
As a preferred technical scheme of the invention: the distributed optical fiber buried pipe is made of a PVC pipe.
It is still another object of the present invention to provide a structure for monitoring the expansion process of the loose collar of the surrounding rock for a long time, which overcomes the disadvantages of the prior art.
Therefore, the above purpose of the invention is realized by the following technical scheme:
the utility model provides a surrounding rock loose circle expansion process long-term monitoring structure which characterized in that: the long-term monitoring structure of loose circle extension process of country rock includes the country rock, the loose circle of country rock has in the country rock, the monitoring face department of loose circle of country rock is equipped with the multiple spot displacement meter, the multiple spot displacement meter buries into in loose circle of country rock until the country rock with the tangential direction of the monitoring face of loose circle of country rock mutually perpendicularly underground, distributed optical fiber also buries into in loose circle of country rock until the country rock and distributes in the upper and lower both sides of multiple spot displacement meter, distributed optical fiber is connected respectively with pulse light signal transmitter, optical fiber demodulation analysis appearance, multiple spot displacement meter, optical fiber demodulation analysis appearance are connected with data acquisition system, data acquisition system is connected with data analysis system.
While adopting the technical scheme, the invention can also adopt or combine the following technical scheme:
as a preferred technical scheme of the invention: the distributed optical fiber and the multipoint displacement meter are arranged at 45 degrees.
As a preferred technical scheme of the invention: the distributed optical fibers are arranged in the distributed optical fiber buried pipe, and the two distributed optical fibers are attached to the inner side of the distributed optical fiber buried pipe at opposite positions.
As a preferred technical scheme of the invention: the distributed optical fiber buried pipe is made of a PVC pipe.
The invention also aims to provide a long-term monitoring method for the expansion process of the loose circle of the surrounding rock, aiming at the defects in the prior art.
Therefore, the above purpose of the invention is realized by the following technical scheme:
a long-term monitoring method for a surrounding rock loosening ring expansion process is characterized by comprising the following steps: the long-term monitoring method for the expansion process of the loose collar of the surrounding rock is based on the structure for monitoring the expansion process of the loose collar of the surrounding rock for a long time, and comprises the following steps:
(1) the method for judging the depth of the surrounding rock loosening ring by the multipoint displacement meter comprises the following steps: in the multi-point displacement meter monitoring process, if the relative distance between two adjacent displacement meters is gradually increased compared with the distance between other monitoring points, it is judged that more surrounding rock crushing occurs between the two adjacent displacement meters, and a surrounding rock loosening ring is arranged between the two adjacent displacement meters; if the multipoint displacement meter does not monitor that the monitoring points have obvious relative changes in the monitoring process, further determining the depth of the surrounding rock loosening ring by a distributed optical fiber testing method;
(2) the method for judging the depth of the surrounding rock loosening ring by the distributed optical fiber comprises the following steps: the deformation along the distributed fiber optic buried pipe can be calculated according to the following formula:
in the formula: y is the deformation of the buried pipe; epsilon1Strain is applied to the upper surface of the distributed optical fiber buried pipe; epsilon2Strain is applied to the lower surface of the distributed optical fiber buried pipe; d is the distance between the two distributed optical fibers, namely the diameter of the distributed optical fiber buried pipe; dx is the distributed fiber sampling interval.
The invention provides a long-term monitoring system, a structure and a method for the expansion process of a loose circle of surrounding rock, which can monitor the expansion process of the loose circle of surrounding rock at a specific position affected by subsequent excavation or along with time, can timely acquire the depth and the change condition of the loose circle of surrounding rock, check the rationality of a supporting structure, and forecast and early-warn the quick change condition of the loose circle of surrounding rock so as to optimize or strengthen the supporting structure further; the depth of the surrounding rock loosening ring is comprehensively judged by arranging the multipoint displacement meters and the distributed optical fibers distributed on two sides of the multipoint displacement meters.
Drawings
Fig. 1 is a diagram of a long-term monitoring structure for the expansion process of a loose circle of surrounding rock provided by the invention.
Fig. 2 is a diagram of a long-term monitoring system for the expansion process of the loose coil of the surrounding rock provided by the invention.
Fig. 3 is a schematic representation of the arrangement within a distributed optical fiber conduit.
Fig. 4 is a diagram showing the deformation state of the distributed optical fiber pipe laying and the multipoint displacement meter.
Detailed Description
The invention is described in further detail with reference to the figures and specific embodiments.
The utility model provides a 2 extension process long-term monitoring structures of loose circle of country rock, including country rock 1, the loose circle of country rock 2 has in the country rock 1, the monitoring face department of loose circle of country rock 2 is equipped with multipoint displacement meter 5, multipoint displacement meter 5 buries into in loose circle of country rock 2 until country rock 1 with the tangential direction looks vertically of the monitoring face of loose circle of country rock 2, distributed optical fiber 9 also buries into in loose circle of country rock 2 and distributes in the upper and lower both sides of multipoint displacement meter 5, distributed optical fiber 9 and pulse light signal transmitter 3, optical fiber demodulation analysis appearance 6 is connected respectively, multipoint displacement meter 5, optical fiber demodulation analysis appearance 6 is connected with data acquisition system 7, data acquisition system 7 is connected with data analysis system 8.
The pulse light signal emitter 3 emits pulse light signals, the light signals are along the distributed optical fibers 9, when the surrounding rock 1 deforms, the distributed optical fiber buried pipe 4 and the surrounding rock deform together, the corresponding optical fibers 9 deform, the frequency of light reflected by the optical fibers 9 changes, the light signals are converted into strain signals through the optical fiber demodulation analyzer 6, the strain condition of the distributed optical fibers 9 is obtained through the data acquisition system 7, and the depth of the surrounding rock loosening ring 2 is determined according to the data analysis system 8. Meanwhile, the deformation condition of each measuring point of the multipoint displacement meter 5 is used for checking the range of the determined surrounding rock loosening ring 2.
In this embodiment: preferably, the distributed optical fiber 9 is arranged at 45 degrees to the multi-point displacement meter 5.
In this embodiment: preferably, the distributed optical fibers 9 are arranged in the distributed optical fiber buried pipe, and two distributed optical fibers 9 are attached to the inner side of the distributed optical fiber buried pipe 4 at opposite positions.
In this embodiment: preferably, the distributed optical fiber buried pipe 4 is made of PVC pipe.
A long-term monitoring method for a surrounding rock loosening ring expansion process is based on the structure for long-term monitoring of the surrounding rock loosening ring expansion process, and comprises the following steps:
(1) the method for judging the depth of the surrounding rock loosening ring by the multipoint displacement meter comprises the following steps: in the multi-point displacement meter monitoring process, if the relative distance between two adjacent displacement meters is gradually increased compared with the distance between other monitoring points, it is judged that more surrounding rock crushing occurs between the two adjacent displacement meters, and a surrounding rock loosening ring is arranged between the two adjacent displacement meters; if the multipoint displacement meter does not monitor that the monitoring points have obvious relative changes in the monitoring process, further determining the depth of the surrounding rock loosening ring by a distributed optical fiber testing method; for example: referring to fig. 4, fig. 4 shows a 4-point multipoint displacement meter, and if the relative distance between the point 1 and the point 2 is gradually increased compared with the distance between other points in the monitoring process, it can be considered that more crushing occurs between the point 1 and the point 2, and the surrounding rock is loosened between the point 1 and the point 2. If the relative change of each point is not monitored by the multipoint displacement meter in the monitoring process, the possible reasons are that the surrounding rock condition is good, the displacement generated by the surrounding rock is small, and the loosening ring is small; meanwhile, the multipoint displacement meter can integrally move due to poor surrounding rock conditions, so that the relative displacement of the measuring point is not monitored. Under the two conditions, a distributed optical fiber testing method is further adopted to determine the depth of the surrounding rock loosening ring.
(2) The method for judging the depth of the surrounding rock loosening ring by the distributed optical fiber comprises the following steps: the deformation along the distributed fiber optic buried pipe can be calculated according to the following formula:
in the formula: y is the deformation of the buried pipe; epsilon1Strain is applied to the upper surface of the distributed optical fiber buried pipe; epsilon2Strain is applied to the lower surface of the distributed optical fiber buried pipe; d is the distance between the two distributed optical fibers, namely the diameter of the distributed optical fiber buried pipe; dx is a distributed optical fiber sampling interval, and the sampling interval can be set to be 0.05m, 0.1m, 0.2m, 0.5m, 1m and the like as required.
The invention provides a long-term monitoring system, a structure and a method for the expansion process of a loose circle of surrounding rock, which can monitor the expansion process of the loose circle of surrounding rock at a specific position affected by subsequent excavation or along with time, can timely acquire the depth and the change condition of the loose circle of surrounding rock, check the rationality of a supporting structure, and forecast and early-warn the quick change condition of the loose circle of surrounding rock so as to optimize or strengthen the supporting structure further; the depth of the surrounding rock loosening ring is comprehensively judged by arranging the multipoint displacement meters and the distributed optical fibers distributed on two sides of the multipoint displacement meters.
The above-described embodiments are intended to illustrate the present invention, but not to limit the present invention, and any modifications, equivalents, improvements, etc. made within the spirit of the present invention and the scope of the claims fall within the scope of the present invention.
Claims (9)
1. The utility model provides a surrounding rock loose circle extension process long-term monitoring system which characterized in that: the long-term monitoring system of loose circle extension process of country rock includes multiple spot displacement meter and distributed optical fiber, the multiple spot displacement meter buries into in the loose circle of country rock until the country rock with the tangential direction looks vertical of the monitoring surface of the loose circle of country rock, distributed optical fiber also buries into in the loose circle of country rock until the country rock and distributes in the upper and lower both sides of multiple spot displacement meter, distributed optical fiber is connected respectively with pulse optical signal transmitter, optical fiber demodulation analysis appearance, multiple spot displacement meter, optical fiber demodulation analysis appearance are connected with data acquisition system, data acquisition system is connected with data analysis system.
2. The long-term monitoring system for the expansion process of a surrounding rock loosening ring according to claim 1, characterized in that: the distributed optical fiber and the multipoint displacement meter are arranged at 45 degrees.
3. The long-term monitoring system for the expansion process of a loose coil of surrounding rock of claim 1 or 2, characterized in that: the distributed optical fibers are arranged in the distributed optical fiber buried pipe, and the two distributed optical fibers are attached to the inner side of the distributed optical fiber buried pipe at opposite positions.
4. The long-term monitoring system for the expansion process of a surrounding rock loosening ring according to claim 3, characterized in that: the distributed optical fiber buried pipe is made of a PVC pipe.
5. The utility model provides a surrounding rock loose circle expansion process long-term monitoring structure which characterized in that: the long-term monitoring structure of loose circle extension process of country rock includes the country rock, the loose circle of country rock has in the country rock, the monitoring face department of loose circle of country rock is equipped with the multiple spot displacement meter, the multiple spot displacement meter buries into in loose circle of country rock until the country rock with the tangential direction of the monitoring face of loose circle of country rock mutually perpendicularly underground, distributed optical fiber also buries into in loose circle of country rock until the country rock and distributes in the upper and lower both sides of multiple spot displacement meter, distributed optical fiber is connected respectively with pulse light signal transmitter, optical fiber demodulation analysis appearance, multiple spot displacement meter, optical fiber demodulation analysis appearance are connected with data acquisition system, data acquisition system is connected with data analysis system.
6. The structure of claim 5, wherein the structure is configured to monitor the expansion process of the loose collar of the surrounding rock for a long time: the distributed optical fiber and the multipoint displacement meter are arranged at 45 degrees.
7. The structure for monitoring the expansion process of the loose collar of the surrounding rock of claim 5 or 6, wherein: the distributed optical fibers are arranged in the distributed optical fiber buried pipe, and the two distributed optical fibers are attached to the inner side of the distributed optical fiber buried pipe at opposite positions.
8. The structure of claim 7, wherein the structure is configured to monitor the expansion process of the loose collar of the surrounding rock over a long period of time: the distributed optical fiber buried pipe is made of a PVC pipe.
9. A long-term monitoring method for a surrounding rock loosening ring expansion process is characterized by comprising the following steps: the long-term monitoring method for the expansion process of the loose collar of the surrounding rock is based on the long-term monitoring structure for the expansion process of the loose collar of the surrounding rock of claim 5, and comprises the following steps:
(1) the method for judging the depth of the surrounding rock loosening ring by the multipoint displacement meter comprises the following steps: in the multi-point displacement meter monitoring process, if the relative distance between two adjacent displacement meters is gradually increased compared with the distance between other monitoring points, it is judged that more surrounding rock crushing occurs between the two adjacent displacement meters, and a surrounding rock loosening ring is arranged between the two adjacent displacement meters; if the multipoint displacement meter does not monitor that the monitoring points have obvious relative changes in the monitoring process, further determining the depth of the surrounding rock loosening ring by a distributed optical fiber testing method;
(2) the method for judging the depth of the surrounding rock loosening ring by the distributed optical fiber comprises the following steps: the deformation along the distributed fiber optic buried pipe can be calculated according to the following formula:
in the formula: y is the deformation of the buried pipe; epsilon1Strain is applied to the upper surface of the distributed optical fiber buried pipe; epsilon2Strain is applied to the lower surface of the distributed optical fiber buried pipe; d is the distance between the two distributed optical fibers, namely the diameter of the distributed optical fiber buried pipe; dx is the distributed fiber sampling interval.
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| CN202011472042.7A CN112729200A (en) | 2020-12-14 | 2020-12-14 | Long-term monitoring system, structure and method for expansion process of loose ring of surrounding rock |
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| CN202011472042.7A CN112729200A (en) | 2020-12-14 | 2020-12-14 | Long-term monitoring system, structure and method for expansion process of loose ring of surrounding rock |
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| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN102168950A (en) * | 2010-12-20 | 2011-08-31 | 中铁隧道集团有限公司 | Method of using distributed optical fibers for advanced monitoring of tunnel surrounding rock deformation |
| US20110240364A1 (en) * | 2010-04-05 | 2011-10-06 | Olimpiu Adrian Catoi | Acoustic measurements while using a coring tool |
| CN111043531A (en) * | 2020-01-08 | 2020-04-21 | 兰州大学 | Intelligent optical fiber ring skin monitoring method for online diagnosis of structural damage of marine pipe |
| CN111335956A (en) * | 2020-04-26 | 2020-06-26 | 中国电建集团华东勘测设计研究院有限公司 | Tunnel face effect monitoring device, structure and method based on distributed optical fiber |
-
2020
- 2020-12-14 CN CN202011472042.7A patent/CN112729200A/en active Pending
Patent Citations (4)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| US20110240364A1 (en) * | 2010-04-05 | 2011-10-06 | Olimpiu Adrian Catoi | Acoustic measurements while using a coring tool |
| CN102168950A (en) * | 2010-12-20 | 2011-08-31 | 中铁隧道集团有限公司 | Method of using distributed optical fibers for advanced monitoring of tunnel surrounding rock deformation |
| CN111043531A (en) * | 2020-01-08 | 2020-04-21 | 兰州大学 | Intelligent optical fiber ring skin monitoring method for online diagnosis of structural damage of marine pipe |
| CN111335956A (en) * | 2020-04-26 | 2020-06-26 | 中国电建集团华东勘测设计研究院有限公司 | Tunnel face effect monitoring device, structure and method based on distributed optical fiber |
Non-Patent Citations (1)
| Title |
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| 尹龙: "《基于BOTDR的土质隧道深部围岩变形监测技术》", 《隧道建设》 * |
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