CN112728558A - Sludge harmless low-nitrogen combustion system and method integrating biogas combustion - Google Patents

Sludge harmless low-nitrogen combustion system and method integrating biogas combustion Download PDF

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Publication number
CN112728558A
CN112728558A CN202110067927.7A CN202110067927A CN112728558A CN 112728558 A CN112728558 A CN 112728558A CN 202110067927 A CN202110067927 A CN 202110067927A CN 112728558 A CN112728558 A CN 112728558A
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China
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biogas
combustion
gas
sludge
central
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王云刚
刘羽飞
孙豆
赵钦新
梁志远
邵怀爽
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Xian Jiaotong University
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Xian Jiaotong University
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    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F23—COMBUSTION APPARATUS; COMBUSTION PROCESSES
    • F23G—CREMATION FURNACES; CONSUMING WASTE PRODUCTS BY COMBUSTION
    • F23G7/00—Incinerators or other apparatus for consuming industrial waste, e.g. chemicals
    • F23G7/001—Incinerators or other apparatus for consuming industrial waste, e.g. chemicals for sludges or waste products from water treatment installations
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F23—COMBUSTION APPARATUS; COMBUSTION PROCESSES
    • F23D—BURNERS
    • F23D17/00—Burners for combustion conjointly or alternatively of gaseous or liquid or pulverulent fuel
    • F23D17/005—Burners for combustion conjointly or alternatively of gaseous or liquid or pulverulent fuel gaseous or pulverulent fuel
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F23—COMBUSTION APPARATUS; COMBUSTION PROCESSES
    • F23G—CREMATION FURNACES; CONSUMING WASTE PRODUCTS BY COMBUSTION
    • F23G5/00—Incineration of waste; Incinerator constructions; Details, accessories or control therefor
    • F23G5/08—Incineration of waste; Incinerator constructions; Details, accessories or control therefor having supplementary heating
    • F23G5/12—Incineration of waste; Incinerator constructions; Details, accessories or control therefor having supplementary heating using gaseous or liquid fuel
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F23—COMBUSTION APPARATUS; COMBUSTION PROCESSES
    • F23G—CREMATION FURNACES; CONSUMING WASTE PRODUCTS BY COMBUSTION
    • F23G5/00—Incineration of waste; Incinerator constructions; Details, accessories or control therefor
    • F23G5/50—Control or safety arrangements
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F23—COMBUSTION APPARATUS; COMBUSTION PROCESSES
    • F23D—BURNERS
    • F23D2204/00—Burners adapted for simultaneous or alternative combustion having more than one fuel supply
    • F23D2204/20—Burners adapted for simultaneous or alternative combustion having more than one fuel supply gaseous and pulverulent fuel
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F23—COMBUSTION APPARATUS; COMBUSTION PROCESSES
    • F23G—CREMATION FURNACES; CONSUMING WASTE PRODUCTS BY COMBUSTION
    • F23G2204/00—Supplementary heating arrangements
    • F23G2204/10—Supplementary heating arrangements using auxiliary fuel
    • F23G2204/103—Supplementary heating arrangements using auxiliary fuel gaseous or liquid fuel
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F23—COMBUSTION APPARATUS; COMBUSTION PROCESSES
    • F23G—CREMATION FURNACES; CONSUMING WASTE PRODUCTS BY COMBUSTION
    • F23G2209/00—Specific waste
    • F23G2209/12—Sludge, slurries or mixtures of liquids

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  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
  • General Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Environmental & Geological Engineering (AREA)
  • Water Supply & Treatment (AREA)
  • Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
  • Combustion & Propulsion (AREA)

Abstract

A sludge harmless low-nitrogen combustion system integrating biogas combustion comprises a natural gas pipeline, a biogas generation pool, a flow concentration detection device, a biogas and natural gas mixing chamber, a biogas collection box, an ignition probe, a primary air channel, a sludge hot air channel and a central air channel, wherein a central gas spray gun and an auxiliary gas spray gun are arranged inside the central air channel, the central gas collection box is arranged at the inlet of the gas spray gun, a V-shaped nozzle is arranged at the outlet of the central gas collection box, the biogas collection box is connected with a biogas annular channel, an annular water-cooling pore plate is arranged at the tail end of the annular channel, and a circle of air nozzles are circumferentially arranged on the outer layer of. The invention utilizes the technologies of fuel and air staged combustion, flue gas backflow, balanced combustion and water-cooled combustion, and aims to realize the full utilization of methane, the low-nitrogen combustion of methane and natural gas and the harmless treatment of sludge.

Description

Sludge harmless low-nitrogen combustion system and method integrating biogas combustion
Technical Field
The invention belongs to the technical field of ultra-low nitrogen and harmless matter clean combustion, and relates to a sludge harmless low-nitrogen combustion system and method integrating methane combustion.
Background
With the acceleration of the urbanization process and the improvement of the sewage treatment rate, the yield of the sludge is increased day by day. The sludge has the characteristics of large production amount, instability, putrefaction easiness, stink, containing parasitic ova, pathogenic microorganisms, heavy metals and other toxic and harmful substances, and can cause serious secondary pollution to the environment if not properly and scientifically treated. In recent years, incineration treatment of sludge has been greatly developed. Compared with other methods, the incineration method has the following outstanding advantages: (1) the organic matters can be completely carbonized, and the volume and the weight of the sludge are reduced to the maximum extent; (2) the processing speed is high; (3) burning on site without long-distance transportation; (4) energy can be recovered for power generation and heat supply; (5) small occupied area, high automation level and the like. Therefore, how to effectively and harmlessly burn the sludge becomes a focus of attention.
Meanwhile, along with the rapid development of economy, the energy consumption is rapidly increased, people begin to search and utilize renewable energy sources to replace traditional energy sources, and China encourages and attaches importance to the development of unconventional natural gas and biomass gas. The biogas is a typical biomass gas, is prepared by fermenting plant platycodon grandiflorum, excrement and the like, has the main components of methane and carbon dioxide, is mainly used for civil cooking and lighting, direct power generation of industrial power and the like at present, and has the characteristics of wide source, large development potential, cyclic utilization, large or small scale and the like compared with natural gas.
The existing low-nitrogen combustion technology comprises staged combustion, premixed combustion, flue gas recirculation, water-cooled combustion and the like, wherein full premixed combustion and flameless combustion are not suitable for a high-power combustor, and the staged combustion, partial premixed combustion, water-cooled combustion and the like become modes for realizing the low-nitrogen combustion of the high-power combustor.
Because the thermal nitrogen oxide is generated in a high-temperature combustion area, the most direct mode for controlling the generation of the nitrogen oxide is to reduce the temperature of a combustion chamber, and the principle of water-cooling combustion is to take away the heat of the combustion chamber through flowing water so as to realize low-nitrogen combustion; the staged combustion technology is to realize lean combustion or rich combustion, and the temperature field distribution in the furnace is distributed by adjusting fuel and air, so that the generation of local high temperature is avoided, and the effect of reducing the generation of NOx is achieved.
Disclosure of Invention
The invention aims to provide a sludge harmless low-nitrogen combustion system and method integrating methane combustion in order to realize harmless treatment of sludge, fully utilize methane heat and realize low-nitrogen harmless clean combustion.
In order to achieve the purpose, the invention adopts the technical scheme that:
a sludge harmless low-nitrogen combustion system integrating biogas combustion comprises a biogas generation pool 2 and a flow concentration detection device 1 connected with the biogas generation pool 2, wherein the outlet of the flow concentration detection device 1 is divided into two paths, one path is directly communicated with the inlet of a biogas natural gas mixing chamber 4, the other path is communicated with the inlet of the biogas natural gas mixing chamber 4 through a first flow valve 3-1 with the outlet of a natural gas pipeline 0, the other path of the outlet of the natural gas pipeline 0 is communicated with the inlet of a three-way joint 19 through a second flow valve 3-1, the outlet of the biogas natural gas mixing chamber 4 is divided into two paths, one path is communicated with the other inlet of the three-way joint 19 through a third flow valve 3-3, the other path is communicated with a biogas collection box 5, and the outlet of the; the combustor 24 is sequentially provided with a central gas header 10, a central air duct 12, a sludge hot air channel 9, a biogas annular channel 11 and a primary air duct 8 from the center to the outside, and the rear end of the combustor 24 is communicated with a combustion chamber 18; the front end of the central gas collection box 10 is connected with an outlet of a three-way joint 19, the center of the rear end is connected with a central gas spray gun 16, and two sides are connected with auxiliary gas spray guns 14; the front end of the biogas annular channel 11 is provided with a biogas collecting box 5 which is used for collecting biogas with stable components conveyed from the biogas mixing chamber 4, the rear end of the biogas annular channel 11 is provided with an annular water-cooling pore plate 13, and the annular water-cooling pore plate 13 is connected with a cooling water collecting box 23; the primary air duct 8 and the periphery of the combustion chamber 18 are provided with a water wall sleeve 7, and the water wall sleeve 7 is connected with a cooling water header 23; the ignition probe 6 is arranged in the center of the central gas lance 14 and the primary air duct 8 and can be extended and retracted back and forth to provide an ignition source when ignited.
The biogas generating pool 2 continuously generates biogas and passes through the flow concentration detection device 1, and the flow concentration detection device 1 comprises a biogas flow and methane concentration detection part and a logic operation part; the biogas flow and methane concentration detection part detects whether the methane concentration in the biogas reaches a methane content set standard of 70%, if the methane concentration is insufficient, the logic operation part calculates the natural gas flow required by reaching the standard concentration according to the biogas flow, meanwhile, an electric signal is output to control the first flow valve 3-1 to pass through the natural gas with the flow, and two paths of gas are converged into the biogas natural gas mixing chamber 4 to form the biogas which can be continuously output and has stable methane concentration, so that the biogas can be stably combusted in the combustor.
The central gas spray gun 16 and the auxiliary gas spray gun 14 are arranged in a tube group mode, the auxiliary gas spray gun 14 adopts a V-shaped nozzle 15, gas sprayed out of the auxiliary gas spray gun 14 can be mixed with air and then sprayed into the combustion chamber 18 for combustion, and the effects of axial staged combustion and balanced combustion of fuel are achieved.
When the gas burner is started, the second flow valve 3-2 is opened, the third flow valve 3-3 is closed, when the gas burner is stably burnt, the second flow valve 3-2 is closed, and the third flow valve 3-3 is opened, so that the conversion of the fuel of the auxiliary gas burner 14 and the fuel of the central gas burner 16 is realized, the purposes of stably igniting by using natural gas when the gas burner is started, fully utilizing the methane when the gas burner is operated, and realizing the effect of fuel classification of the methane.
The central air duct 12 is internally provided with swirl blades 20, air in the central air duct 12 forms swirl after passing through the swirl blades 20 and is fully mixed with fuel gas in the central fuel gas spray gun 16 and the auxiliary fuel gas spray gun 14, and flame swirl formed by combustion is high, so that sludge particles sprayed out of the sludge hot air channel 9 can be effectively entrained, the retention time of the sludge particles in high-temperature flue gas is prolonged, the combined classification of fuel gas and sludge fuel is realized, the burnout rate is improved, and NO is reducedXAnd (4) generating.
The sludge hot air channel 9 adopts hot air to convey sludge powder dried by flue gas, so that the reduction of the water content of the sludge is ensured, and the sludge is easy to burn; mud hot air channel 9 arranges between central wind channel 12 and marsh gas annular channel 11, finally spouts the mud powder into to combustion chamber 18 and burns, and mud hot air channel 9 is close to exit circumference and arranges bluff body 21, and the mud powder receives the bluff body effect and draws close to the center, guarantees the gathering of mud powder, is favorable to it to be wrapped up by the flue gas, the burning, has arranged at mud hot air channel 9 exit and has steadily burnt tooth 22, is favorable to the stable burning of mud powder.
The biogas and natural gas mixing chamber 4 is communicated with the biogas collecting tank 5, a biogas annular channel 11 is arranged behind the biogas collecting tank 5, and a backflow area is formed on the wall surface of the tail end of the biogas annular channel 11 isolated from the combustion chamber 18, so that smoke backflow during combustion is facilitated.
An annular water-cooling pore plate 13 is arranged at the tail end of the biogas annular channel 11, biogas enters the primary air channel 8 through a small hole on the annular water-cooling pore plate, and after being ignited by the ignition probe 6, sludge powder is wrapped by flame formed in the combustion chamber 18 again for combustion, so that the retention time of the sludge powder in a central reduction region is further prolonged, the burnout rate is improved, and NO is reducedXAnd (4) generating.
A circle of air nozzles 17 are arranged on the periphery of the combustion chamber 18 in the circumferential direction to continuously spray high-speed air to the combustion chamber, so that a layer of gaseous blunt bodies is formed to prevent sludge from being slagging on the wall surface after the sludge is combusted and supplement oxygen required by combustion.
According to the combustion method of the sludge harmless low-nitrogen combustion system integrating methane combustion, a methane generation pool 2 continuously generates methane and passes through a flow concentration detection device 1, a methane flow and methane concentration detection part of the flow concentration detection device 1 detects whether the methane concentration in the methane reaches a methane content set standard of 70%, if the methane concentration is insufficient, a logic operation part calculates the natural gas flow required by reaching the standard concentration according to a methane flow meter, meanwhile, an electric signal is output to control a first flow valve 3-1 to pass through the natural gas with the flow, two paths of gas are converged into a methane and natural gas mixing chamber 4, and the methane and natural gas mixing chamber 4 continuously outputs the methane with stable methane concentration and leads the methane to a methane collection box 5;
in the stage of starting ignition, the second flow valve 3-2 is opened, the natural gas in the natural gas pipeline 0 is introduced into the central gas header 10 through the three-way joint 19 and then introduced into the auxiliary gas spray gun 14 and the central gas spray gun 16, the air in the central air duct 12 forms rotational flow through the rotational flow blades 20, is mixed with the gas sprayed by the auxiliary gas spray gun 14 and the central gas spray gun 16, is ignited by the extended ignition probe 6, and forms flame in the combustion chamber 18; biogas in the biogas collection box 5 sequentially passes through the biogas annular channel 11 and the annular water-cooling pore plate 13 to be mixed with air in the primary air channel 8 and is ignited by the ignition probe 6 to be combusted in the combustion chamber 18; the sludge hot air channel 9 feeds sludge powder, the sludge powder is gathered at the center by the blunt body 21 and sprayed into the combustion chamber 18, and the sludge powder is stably combusted under the action of the combustion stabilizing teeth 22 and is wrapped by a backflow area formed by central flame and peripheral biogas flame, so that the sludge powder is fully combusted; the primary air channel 8 is connected with a water-cooled wall sleeve 7 on the outer layer of the combustion chamber 18 and an annular water-cooled pore plate 13 and a water-cooled header tank 23 to ensure low-nitrogen combustion and dioxin decomposition, an air nozzle 17 is arranged on the periphery of the combustion chamber 18, a layer of air bluff body is formed on the edge of the combustion chamber to prevent sludge from being burned on the wall surface to generate slagging phenomenon, and air required by combustion is supplemented;
after the ignition is finished and the combustion is stable, the second flow valve 3-2 is closed, the third flow valve 3-3 is opened, the central gas collection box 10 changes the biogas supplied by the biogas and natural gas mixing chamber 4, and the purposes of grading the biogas gas and saving the natural gas are achieved.
Drawings
FIG. 1 is a schematic structural diagram of the present invention.
FIG. 2 is a schematic view of the central gas header, the central gas burner and the auxiliary gas burner of the present invention.
Description of the reference numerals
0-a natural gas pipeline; 1-flow concentration detection means; 2-a methane generating pool; 3-1-a first flow valve; a second 3-2 flow valve; 3-3-third flow valve; 4-a biogas and natural gas mixing chamber; 5-a methane collection box; 6-an ignition probe; 7-water wall jacket; 8-primary air channel; 9-sludge hot air channel; 10-a central gas header; 11-biogas annular channel; 12-a central air duct; 13-annular water-cooled orifice plate; 14-an auxiliary gas spray gun; 15-V type nozzle; 16-a central gas spray gun; 17-air nozzles; 18-a combustion chamber; 19-a three-way joint; 20-swirl vanes; 21-bluff body; 22-combustion stabilizing teeth; 23-water cooling header; 24-a burner.
Detailed Description
The present invention will be described in further detail with reference to the accompanying drawings.
As shown in figure 1, the sludge harmless low-nitrogen combustion system integrating biogas combustion comprises a biogas generation pool 2 and a flow concentration detection device 1 connected with the biogas generation pool 2, wherein the outlet of the flow concentration detection device 1 is divided into two paths, one path is directly communicated with the inlet of a biogas natural gas mixing chamber 4, the other path is communicated with the inlet of the biogas natural gas mixing chamber 4 through a first flow valve 3-1 with the outlet of a natural gas pipeline 0, the other path of the outlet of the natural gas pipeline 0 is communicated with the inlet of a tee joint 19 through a second flow valve 3-1, the outlet of the biogas natural gas mixing chamber 4 is divided into two paths, one path is communicated with the other inlet of the tee joint 19 through a third flow valve 3-3, the other path is communicated with a biogas collection box 5, and the outlet of the tee joint 19 is communicated; the combustor 24 is sequentially provided with a central gas header 10, a central air duct 12, a sludge hot air channel 9, a biogas annular channel 11 and a primary air duct 8 from the center to the outside, and the rear end of the combustor 24 is communicated with a combustion chamber 18; the front end of the central gas collection box 10 is connected with an outlet of a three-way joint 19, the center of the rear end is connected with a central gas spray gun 16, and two sides are connected with auxiliary gas spray guns 14; the front end of the biogas annular channel 11 is provided with a biogas collecting box 5 which is used for collecting biogas with stable components conveyed from the biogas mixing chamber 4, the rear end of the biogas annular channel 11 is provided with an annular water-cooling pore plate 13, and the annular water-cooling pore plate 13 is connected with a cooling water collecting box 23; the primary air duct 8 and the periphery of the combustion chamber 18 are provided with a water wall sleeve 7, and the water wall sleeve 7 is connected with a cooling water header 23; the ignition probe 6 is arranged in the center of the central gas lance 14 and the primary air duct 8 and can be extended and retracted back and forth to provide an ignition source when ignited.
The burner 24 adopts a gas and methane double-header supply mode, the central gas spray gun 16 and the auxiliary gas spray guns 14 are arranged in a pipe group mode, and natural gas is sent into the central gas header 10, then distributed into the auxiliary gas spray guns 14 and the central gas spray guns 16, flows out from a plurality of small pipes and is mixed with air flowing through at high speed, so that the air/gas mixing condition is improved, and the purpose of balanced combustion is achieved; the biogas is provided with a biogas collection tank 5 for continuously and stably supplying biogas.
As shown in fig. 1, a biogas generation pool 2 continuously generates biogas and passes through a flow concentration detection device 1, and the flow concentration detection device 1 comprises a biogas flow and methane concentration detection part and a logic operation part; the biogas flow and methane concentration detection part detects whether the methane concentration in the biogas reaches a methane content set standard of 70%, if the methane concentration is insufficient, the logic operation part calculates the natural gas flow required by reaching the standard concentration according to the biogas flow, meanwhile, an electric signal is output to control the first flow valve 3-1 to pass through the natural gas with the flow, and two paths of gas are converged into the biogas natural gas mixing chamber 4 to form the biogas which can be continuously output and has stable methane concentration, so that the biogas can be stably combusted in the combustor.
As shown in fig. 1, a sludge hot air channel 9 adopts hot air to convey sludge powder dried by flue gas, so as to ensure that the water content of the sludge is reduced and the sludge is easy to burn; mud hot air channel 9 arranges between central wind channel 12 and marsh gas annular channel 11, finally spouts the mud powder into to combustion chamber 18 and burns, and mud hot air channel 9 is close to exit circumference and arranges bluff body 21, and the mud powder receives the bluff body effect and draws close to the center, guarantees the gathering of mud powder, is favorable to it to be wrapped up by the flue gas, the burning, has arranged at mud hot air channel 9 exit and has steadily burnt tooth 22, is favorable to the stable burning of mud powder.
As shown in fig. 1, a three-way joint 19 is arranged in front of the gas header 10 and is respectively connected with a natural gas pipeline 0 and a biogas and natural gas mixing chamber 4, when the gas header is started, the second flow valve 3-2 is opened, the third flow valve 3-3 is closed, when the gas header is stably combusted, the second flow valve 3-2 is closed, and the third flow valve 3-3 is opened, so that the conversion of fuels of the auxiliary gas spray gun 14 and the central gas spray gun 16 is realized, the purposes of stably igniting by using natural gas when the gas header is started, fully utilizing biogas when the gas header is operated, and realizing the effect of fuel classification of biogas are achieved.
As shown in fig. 1, the central air duct 12 has swirl blades 20 therein, and the air in the central air duct 12 forms a swirl flow after passing through the swirl blades 20, and then forms a swirl flow with the central air duct 12The gas in the gas spray gun 16 and the auxiliary gas spray gun 14 is fully mixed, and the swirl degree of flame formed by combustion is high, so that sludge particles sprayed from the sludge hot air channel 9 can be effectively entrained, the retention time of the sludge particles in high-temperature flue gas is prolonged, the combined classification of gas and sludge fuel is realized, the burn-out rate is improved, and NO is reducedXAnd (4) generating.
As shown in fig. 1, the biogas and natural gas mixing chamber 4 is communicated with a biogas collection tank 5, a biogas annular channel 11 is arranged behind the biogas collection tank 5, and a backflow area is formed on the wall surface of the tail end of the biogas annular channel 11 isolated from the combustion chamber 18, so that smoke backflow during combustion is facilitated.
As shown in fig. 2, the outlet of the auxiliary gas spray gun 14 adopts a V-shaped nozzle 15, the central gas spray gun 16 forms main flame, the auxiliary gas spray gun 14 and primary air support combustion at the periphery, a central flue gas recirculation zone is formed between the two spray guns, and air and fuel which are not subjected to combustion reaction are preheated and diluted, so that combustion can be effectively enhanced and flame can be stabilized. Meanwhile, the smoke backflow enables the temperature distribution in the furnace to be more uniform, the highest temperature of the combustion chamber is reduced, the formation of thermal NOx is inhibited, meanwhile, the smoke backflow sucks sludge powder, the residence time of the sludge powder in the combustion chamber is prolonged, the sludge powder is completely combusted, and the harmless combustion effect of dioxin generated during the decomposition and combustion of the sludge is achieved.
As shown in figure 1, an annular water-cooling pore plate 13 is arranged at the tail end of the annular methane channel 11, methane enters the primary air channel 8 through a small hole in the annular water-cooling pore plate and is ignited by the ignition probe 6 for combustion, and the annular water-cooling pore plate can effectively prevent backfire, reduce the combustion temperature and control the generation of nitrogen oxides.
As shown in figure 1, a water wall sleeve 7 is arranged on the periphery of a primary air duct 8 and a combustion chamber 18 to reduce the combustion temperature, so that the combustion chamber temperature is controlled to be about 1000 ℃, the generation of thermal nitrogen oxides is effectively inhibited at the temperature, and dioxin generated by sludge combustion is also effectively decomposed.
As shown in figure 1, a circle of air nozzles 17 are arranged on the periphery of the combustion chamber 18 in the circumferential direction to continuously spray high-speed air to the combustion chamber, so that a layer of gaseous bluff body is formed to prevent sludge from slagging on the wall surface after combustion and supplement oxygen required by combustion.
As shown in fig. 1, in the combustion method of the sludge harmless low-nitrogen combustion system integrating biogas combustion, a biogas generation pool 2 continuously generates biogas and passes through a flow concentration detection device 1, a biogas flow and methane concentration detection part of the flow concentration detection device 1 detects whether the methane concentration in the biogas reaches a methane content set standard of 70%, if the methane concentration is insufficient, a logic operation part calculates the natural gas flow required by reaching the standard concentration according to a biogas flow meter, simultaneously outputs an electric signal to control a first flow valve 3-1 to pass through the natural gas with the flow, two paths of gas are merged into a biogas natural gas mixing chamber 4, and the biogas natural gas mixing chamber 4 continuously outputs biogas with stable methane concentration and leads the biogas into a biogas collection tank 5; in the stage of starting ignition, the second flow valve 3-2 is opened, the natural gas in the natural gas pipeline 0 is introduced into the central gas header 10 through the three-way joint 19 and then introduced into the auxiliary gas spray gun 14 and the central gas spray gun 16, the air in the central air duct 12 forms rotational flow through the rotational flow blades 20, is mixed with the gas sprayed by the auxiliary gas spray gun 14 and the central gas spray gun 16, is ignited by the extended ignition probe 6, and forms flame in the combustion chamber 18; biogas in the biogas collection box 5 sequentially passes through the biogas annular channel 11 and the annular water-cooling pore plate 13 to be mixed with air in the primary air channel 8 and is ignited by the ignition probe 6 to be combusted in the combustion chamber 18; the sludge hot air channel 9 feeds sludge powder, the sludge powder is gathered at the center by the blunt body 21 and sprayed into the combustion chamber 18, and the sludge powder is stably combusted under the action of the combustion stabilizing teeth 22 and is wrapped by a backflow area formed by central flame and peripheral biogas flame, so that the sludge powder is fully combusted; the primary air channel 8 is connected with a water-cooled wall sleeve 7 on the outer layer of the combustion chamber 18 and an annular water-cooled pore plate 13 and a water-cooled header tank 23 to ensure low-nitrogen combustion and dioxin decomposition, an air nozzle 17 is arranged on the periphery of the combustion chamber 18, a layer of air bluff body is formed on the edge of the combustion chamber to prevent sludge from being burned on the wall surface to generate slagging phenomenon, and air required by combustion is supplemented; after the ignition is finished and the combustion is stable, the second flow valve 3-2 is closed, the third flow valve 3-3 is opened, the central gas collection box 10 changes the biogas supplied by the biogas and natural gas mixing chamber 4, and the purposes of grading the biogas gas and saving the natural gas are achieved.
In order to realize ultra-low nitrogen and harmless combustion, the invention mainly adopts the following measures:
(1) staged combustion: the central gas realizes axial staged combustion through the central gas spray gun 16 and the auxiliary gas spray gun 14, meanwhile, the central gas and the methane form gas staging, the methane, the natural gas and the sludge powder form gas and solid staged combustion, and simultaneously, air required by combustion is sent into the combustor in stages through the central air duct 12, the sludge hot air channel 9, the primary air duct 8 and the air nozzle 17 to realize air staging.
(2) And (3) balanced combustion: the outlet of the auxiliary gas spray gun 14 is arranged in the outlet of the central air duct, and air and gas can be mixed in the central air duct, so that the purpose of balanced combustion is achieved.
(3) Flue gas backflow: the outlet of the auxiliary gas spray gun 14 adopts a V-shaped nozzle 15, the central gas spray gun 16 forms main flame, the auxiliary gas spray gun 14 and primary air support combustion at the periphery, a central flue gas reflux area is formed between the two spray guns, and air and fuel which are not subjected to combustion reaction are preheated and diluted, so that combustion can be effectively enhanced and flame can be stabilized. The smoke backflow enables the temperature distribution in the furnace to be more uniform, the highest temperature of the combustion chamber is reduced, and the formation of thermal NOx is inhibited. In the combustion chamber 18, the flue gas reflux generated by the flame combusted in the central gas pipeline and the annular methane combustion pipeline can effectively suck the sludge powder discharged by the sludge hot air pipeline between the central gas pipeline and the annular methane combustion pipeline, so that the retention time of the sludge powder in the combustion chamber is increased, and the sludge is fully combusted
(4) Water-cooling combustion: the annular water-cooling pore plate 13 and the water-cooling jacket 7 effectively reduce the combustion temperature and the temperature of the combustion chamber, control the temperature of the combustion chamber to be about 1000 ℃, reduce the generation of thermal nitrogen oxides, and simultaneously ensure that dioxin generated during the combustion of sludge is effectively decomposed.

Claims (10)

1. The utility model provides an integrated methane burning's harmless low-nitrogen combustion system of mud which characterized in that: the biogas mixing device comprises a biogas generation pool (2) and a flow concentration detection device (1) connected with the biogas generation pool (2), wherein the outlet of the flow concentration detection device (1) is divided into two paths, one path is directly communicated with the inlet of a biogas mixing chamber (4), the other path and the outlet of a natural gas pipeline (0) are communicated with the inlet of the biogas mixing chamber (4) through a first flow valve (3-1), the other path of the outlet of the natural gas pipeline (0) is communicated with the inlet of a tee joint (19) through a second flow valve (3-1), the outlet of the biogas mixing chamber (4) is divided into two paths, one path is communicated with the other inlet of the tee joint (19) through a third flow valve (3-3), the other path is communicated with a biogas collection box (5), and the outlet of the tee joint (19) is communicated with a; the combustor (24) is sequentially provided with a central gas header (10), a central air duct (12), a sludge hot air channel (9), a biogas annular channel (11) and a primary air duct (8) from the center to the outside, and the rear end of the combustor (24) is communicated with a combustion chamber (18); the front end of the central gas collection box (10) is connected with an outlet of a three-way joint (19), the center of the rear end is connected with a central gas spray gun (16), and two sides of the rear end are connected with auxiliary gas spray guns (14); the front end of the biogas annular channel (11) is provided with a biogas collecting box (5) which is used for collecting biogas with stable components conveyed from the biogas mixing chamber (4), the rear end of the biogas annular channel (11) is provided with an annular water-cooling pore plate (13), and the annular water-cooling pore plate (13) is connected with a cooling water collecting box (23); the primary air duct (8) and the periphery of the combustion chamber (18) are provided with water-cooled wall sleeves (7), and the water-cooled wall sleeves (7) are connected with a cooling water header (23); the ignition probe (6) is arranged in the center of the central gas spray gun (14) and the primary air channel (8), can stretch back and forth, and provides an ignition source during ignition.
2. The sludge harmless low-nitrogen combustion system integrating biogas combustion as claimed in claim 1, wherein: the biogas generation pool (2) continuously generates biogas and passes through the flow concentration detection device (1), and the flow concentration detection device (1) comprises a biogas flow and methane concentration detection part and a logic operation part; the biogas flow and methane concentration detection part detects whether the methane concentration in the biogas reaches a methane content set standard of 70%, if the methane concentration is insufficient, the logic operation part calculates the natural gas flow required by reaching the standard concentration according to the biogas flow, meanwhile, an electric signal is output to control a first flow valve (3-1) to pass through the natural gas with the flow, and two paths of gas are converged into a biogas and natural gas mixing chamber (4) to form the biogas which can be continuously output and has stable methane concentration, so that the biogas can be stably combusted in a combustor.
3. The sludge harmless low-nitrogen combustion system integrating biogas combustion as claimed in claim 1, wherein: the central gas spray gun (16) and the auxiliary gas spray guns (14) are arranged in a tube group mode, the auxiliary gas spray guns (14) adopt V-shaped nozzles (15), and gas sprayed out of the auxiliary gas spray guns (14) can be mixed with air and then sprayed into the combustion chamber (18) to be combusted, so that the effects of axial staged combustion and balanced combustion of fuel are achieved.
4. The sludge harmless low-nitrogen combustion system integrating biogas combustion as claimed in claim 1, wherein: when the gas burner is started, the second flow valve (3-2) is opened, the third flow valve (3-3) is closed, when the gas burner is stably burnt, the second flow valve (3-2) is closed, and the third flow valve (3-3) is opened, so that the conversion of fuels of the auxiliary gas burner (14) and the central gas burner (16) is realized, the purposes of stably igniting by using natural gas when the gas burner is started, fully utilizing the methane when the gas burner is operated and realizing the effect of fuel grading of the methane are achieved.
5. The sludge harmless low-nitrogen combustion system integrating biogas combustion as claimed in claim 1, wherein: the central air duct (12) is internally provided with swirl blades (20), air in the central air duct (12) forms swirl after passing through the swirl blades (20), the swirl is fully mixed with fuel gas in the central fuel gas spray gun (16) and the auxiliary fuel gas spray gun (14), flame swirl formed by combustion is high, sludge particles sprayed from the sludge hot air channel (9) can be effectively entrained, the retention time of the sludge particles in high-temperature flue gas is prolonged, the combined classification of fuel gas and sludge fuel is realized, the burnout rate is improved, and NO is reducedXAnd (4) generating.
6. The sludge harmless low-nitrogen combustion system integrating biogas combustion as claimed in claim 1, wherein: the sludge hot air channel (9) adopts hot air to convey sludge powder dried by flue gas, so that the water content of the sludge is reduced and the sludge is easy to burn; mud hot air channel (9) are arranged between central wind channel (12) and marsh gas annular channel (11), finally spout the mud powder into to combustion chamber (18) and burn, mud hot air channel (9) are close to exit circumference and arrange bluff body (21), the mud powder receives the bluff body effect and draws close to the center, guarantee the gathering of mud powder, be favorable to it by flue gas parcel, the burning, it surely fires tooth (22) to have arranged in mud hot air channel (9) exit, be favorable to the stable burning of mud powder.
7. The sludge harmless low-nitrogen combustion system integrating biogas combustion as claimed in claim 1, wherein: the biogas and natural gas mixing chamber (4) is communicated with the biogas collecting box (5), a biogas annular channel (11) is arranged behind the biogas collecting box (5), and a backflow area is formed on the wall surface of the tail end of the biogas annular channel (11) isolated from the combustion chamber (18), so that smoke backflow during combustion is facilitated.
8. The sludge harmless low-nitrogen combustion system integrating biogas combustion as claimed in claim 1, wherein: an annular water-cooling pore plate (13) is arranged at the tail end of the biogas annular channel (11), biogas enters the primary air channel (8) through the small holes in the annular water-cooling pore plate, and after being ignited by the ignition probe (6), sludge powder is wrapped by flame formed in the combustion chamber (18) again for combustion, so that the retention time of the sludge powder in the central reduction region is further prolonged, the burnout rate is improved, and NO is reducedXAnd (4) generating.
9. The sludge harmless low-nitrogen combustion system integrating biogas combustion as claimed in claim 1, wherein: a circle of air nozzles (17) are arranged on the periphery of the combustion chamber (18) in the circumferential direction to continuously spray high-speed air to the combustion chamber to form a layer of gaseous bluff body to prevent sludge from being slagging on the wall surface after being combusted and supplement oxygen required by combustion.
10. The combustion method of the sludge harmless low-nitrogen combustion system integrating methane combustion as claimed in any one of claims 1-9, wherein: the biogas generation pool (2) continuously generates biogas and passes through the flow concentration detection device (1), the biogas flow and methane concentration detection part of the flow concentration detection device (1) detects whether the methane concentration in the biogas reaches a methane content set standard of 70%, if the methane concentration is insufficient, the logic operation part calculates the natural gas flow required by reaching the standard concentration according to the biogas flow, and simultaneously outputs an electric signal to control the first flow valve (3-1) to pass through the natural gas with the flow, two paths of gas are converged into the biogas natural gas mixing chamber (4), and the biogas natural gas mixing chamber (4) continuously outputs biogas with stable methane concentration and leads the biogas into the biogas collection box (5);
in the stage of starting ignition, the second flow valve (3-2) is opened, natural gas in a natural gas pipeline (0) is introduced into the central gas header (10) through the three-way joint (19) and then introduced into the auxiliary gas spray gun (14) and the central gas spray gun (16), air in the central air duct (12) forms rotational flow through the rotational flow blades (20), is mixed with gas sprayed out of the auxiliary gas spray gun (14) and the central gas spray gun (16), is ignited by the extended ignition probe (6), and forms flame in the combustion chamber (18); biogas in the biogas collection box (5) sequentially passes through the biogas annular channel (11) and the annular water-cooling pore plate (13) to be mixed with air in the primary air channel (8) and is ignited by the ignition probe (6) to be combusted in the combustion chamber (18); the sludge hot air channel (9) feeds sludge powder, the sludge powder is gathered at the center by the blunt body (21) and sprayed into the combustion chamber (18) in a circle, and the sludge powder is stably combusted under the action of the combustion stabilizing teeth (22) and is wrapped by a backflow area formed by central flame and peripheral biogas flame to realize the full combustion of the sludge powder; the primary air channel (8) is connected with a water-cooled wall sleeve (7) on the outer layer of the combustion chamber (18) and an annular water-cooled pore plate (13) is connected with a water-cooled header tank (23) to ensure low-nitrogen combustion and dioxin decomposition, an air nozzle (17) is arranged around the periphery of the combustion chamber (18), a layer of air bluff body is formed on the edge of the combustion chamber to prevent sludge from being burned on the wall surface to generate slagging phenomenon, and air required by combustion is supplemented;
after ignition is finished and combustion is stable, the second flow valve (3-2) is closed, the third flow valve (3-3) is opened, the central gas collection box (10) is changed by biogas supplied by the biogas and natural gas mixing chamber (4), and the purposes of grading biogas gas and saving natural gas are achieved.
CN202110067927.7A 2021-01-19 2021-01-19 Sludge harmless low-nitrogen combustion system and method integrating biogas combustion Pending CN112728558A (en)

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Cited By (2)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
CN114110618A (en) * 2021-11-08 2022-03-01 北京航化节能环保技术有限公司 Combustion device for treating acrylonitrile wastewater
CN114812127A (en) * 2022-03-31 2022-07-29 江西中科新建材股份有限公司 Mortar raw material drying equipment

Cited By (4)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
CN114110618A (en) * 2021-11-08 2022-03-01 北京航化节能环保技术有限公司 Combustion device for treating acrylonitrile wastewater
CN114110618B (en) * 2021-11-08 2024-04-09 北京航化节能环保技术有限公司 Combustion device for treating acrylonitrile wastewater
CN114812127A (en) * 2022-03-31 2022-07-29 江西中科新建材股份有限公司 Mortar raw material drying equipment
CN114812127B (en) * 2022-03-31 2024-02-23 江西中科新建材股份有限公司 Mortar raw material drying equipment

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