CN112727701A - Draught fan effective wind speed measuring device and calculating method based on radar wind measurement - Google Patents
Draught fan effective wind speed measuring device and calculating method based on radar wind measurement Download PDFInfo
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- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F03—MACHINES OR ENGINES FOR LIQUIDS; WIND, SPRING, OR WEIGHT MOTORS; PRODUCING MECHANICAL POWER OR A REACTIVE PROPULSIVE THRUST, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
- F03D—WIND MOTORS
- F03D17/00—Monitoring or testing of wind motors, e.g. diagnostics
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- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F03—MACHINES OR ENGINES FOR LIQUIDS; WIND, SPRING, OR WEIGHT MOTORS; PRODUCING MECHANICAL POWER OR A REACTIVE PROPULSIVE THRUST, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
- F03D—WIND MOTORS
- F03D7/00—Controlling wind motors
- F03D7/02—Controlling wind motors the wind motors having rotation axis substantially parallel to the air flow entering the rotor
- F03D7/04—Automatic control; Regulation
- F03D7/042—Automatic control; Regulation by means of an electrical or electronic controller
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- G—PHYSICS
- G01—MEASURING; TESTING
- G01D—MEASURING NOT SPECIALLY ADAPTED FOR A SPECIFIC VARIABLE; ARRANGEMENTS FOR MEASURING TWO OR MORE VARIABLES NOT COVERED IN A SINGLE OTHER SUBCLASS; TARIFF METERING APPARATUS; MEASURING OR TESTING NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
- G01D21/00—Measuring or testing not otherwise provided for
- G01D21/02—Measuring two or more variables by means not covered by a single other subclass
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- G—PHYSICS
- G01—MEASURING; TESTING
- G01S—RADIO DIRECTION-FINDING; RADIO NAVIGATION; DETERMINING DISTANCE OR VELOCITY BY USE OF RADIO WAVES; LOCATING OR PRESENCE-DETECTING BY USE OF THE REFLECTION OR RERADIATION OF RADIO WAVES; ANALOGOUS ARRANGEMENTS USING OTHER WAVES
- G01S13/00—Systems using the reflection or reradiation of radio waves, e.g. radar systems; Analogous systems using reflection or reradiation of waves whose nature or wavelength is irrelevant or unspecified
- G01S13/02—Systems using reflection of radio waves, e.g. primary radar systems; Analogous systems
- G01S13/50—Systems of measurement based on relative movement of target
- G01S13/58—Velocity or trajectory determination systems; Sense-of-movement determination systems
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- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F05—INDEXING SCHEMES RELATING TO ENGINES OR PUMPS IN VARIOUS SUBCLASSES OF CLASSES F01-F04
- F05B—INDEXING SCHEME RELATING TO WIND, SPRING, WEIGHT, INERTIA OR LIKE MOTORS, TO MACHINES OR ENGINES FOR LIQUIDS COVERED BY SUBCLASSES F03B, F03D AND F03G
- F05B2270/00—Control
- F05B2270/30—Control parameters, e.g. input parameters
- F05B2270/32—Wind speeds
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- Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
- Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
- Y02E—REDUCTION OF GREENHOUSE GAS [GHG] EMISSIONS, RELATED TO ENERGY GENERATION, TRANSMISSION OR DISTRIBUTION
- Y02E10/00—Energy generation through renewable energy sources
- Y02E10/70—Wind energy
- Y02E10/72—Wind turbines with rotation axis in wind direction
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Abstract
The invention relates to the technical field of radar wind measurement, in particular to a device and a method for measuring the effective wind speed of a fan based on radar wind measurement, wherein the measuring device comprises a radar, an impeller encoder, an impeller 0-degree sensor, a temperature and humidity sensor, an atmospheric pressure sensor, a microcontroller and a communication module; the impeller encoder and the impeller 0-degree sensor are arranged on the impeller and connected with the fan controller, the fan controller is connected with the microcontroller through the communication module and communicated with the centralized control center through the communication module, and the microcontroller is respectively connected with the radar, the temperature and humidity sensor, the atmospheric pressure sensor and the communication module. The wind speed of different heights is measured by the aid of the radar, the temperature, the humidity and the atmospheric pressure are comprehensively considered, air density correction is carried out, wind energy captured by the blades is respectively calculated according to the wind speed of the corresponding height of each partition of the blades, the wind energy captured by the whole fan is obtained, effective wind speed is finally obtained through calculation, and safe and efficient operation of the fan is guaranteed.
Description
Technical Field
The invention relates to the technical field of radar wind measurement, in particular to a device and a method for measuring the effective wind speed of a fan based on radar wind measurement.
Background
Wind energy has been rapidly developed as a renewable clean energy source. Wind speed is the most important index of wind energy and is also an important basis for controlling a fan. Conventional anemometers and wind vanes are widely applied to wind measurement of a fan, but most of the conventional anemometers and wind vanes are mounted at the top of an engine room and are influenced by turbulence, test data have certain deviation, and only wind speed and wind direction at a certain height can be measured, so that effective wind speed capable of being utilized by the fan cannot be truly reflected. With the development of the technology, the radar wind measurement technology is widely applied, the radar wind measurement technology can measure wind speeds at different heights, but the measurement data of the radar wind measurement technology is not fully utilized, and generally only the wind speed at a certain height or the wind speeds at a certain heights are read, and the wind speed data at different heights are not fully utilized.
At present, the method for calculating the effective wind speed of a fan generally measures wind through a wind direction anemometer, a laser wind measuring radar and an ultrasonic radar, and the measured wind speed is used as the basis for controlling the fan. The wind energy calculated from the wind speed thus measured deviates from the wind energy actually available to the fan, resulting in inaccurate control of the fan.
Disclosure of Invention
Aiming at the technical problems, the invention provides a device and a method for measuring the effective wind speed of a fan based on radar wind measurement, which overcome the defects in the prior art, fully utilize the data of radar wind measurement, correct the air tightness according to the data of temperature, humidity, atmospheric pressure and the like, finally obtain the effective wind speed based on the radar wind measurement and the algorithm of the invention, provide scientific and reliable basis for the effective control of the fan, and improve the power generation efficiency of the fan.
The purpose of the invention is realized by the following technical scheme:
the invention relates to a draught fan effective wind speed measuring device based on radar wind measurement, which comprises a radar, an impeller encoder, an impeller 0-degree sensor, a temperature and humidity sensor, an atmospheric pressure sensor, a microcontroller and a communication module, wherein the impeller encoder is connected with the microcontroller; the impeller encoder and the impeller 0-degree sensor are arranged on the impeller and connected with the fan controller, the fan controller is connected with the microcontroller through the communication module and communicated with the centralized control center through the communication module, and the microcontroller is respectively connected with the radar, the temperature and humidity sensor, the atmospheric pressure sensor and the communication module and supplies power to the radar, the temperature and humidity sensor, the atmospheric pressure sensor and the communication module; and the temperature and humidity sensor, the atmospheric pressure sensor and the microcontroller are all arranged at the top of the radar tower.
The invention relates to a draught fan effective wind speed measuring device based on radar wind measurement, which comprises a radar, an impeller encoder, an impeller 0-degree sensor, a temperature and humidity sensor, an atmospheric pressure sensor, a microcontroller, a data acquisition module and a communication module, wherein the impeller encoder is connected with the data acquisition module; impeller encoder, impeller 0 sensor set up on the impeller, and communication module is connected through data acquisition module respectively to impeller encoder, impeller 0 sensor, and data processing module gathers and handles impeller encoder and impeller 0 sensor to spread into communication module to data, communication module connects fan controller and microcontroller respectively, through communication module and centralized control center communication, the microcontroller is from electrified source, connects with radar, temperature and humidity sensor, atmospheric pressure sensor, communication module respectively, and supplies power to it.
Preferably, the radar is a sodar or/and a lidar and is provided with a power supply and arranged at the top of the tower.
Preferably, the vane encoder is an absolute value encoder.
Preferably, the communication module realizes the communication between the microcontroller and the blower controller and the centralized control center respectively through one or more modes of RS232 communication, optical fiber communication, wireless communication, GPRS communication and Beidou communication.
Preferably, the impeller 0-degree sensor is arranged on the side of the fan cabin, and the stop iron is arranged at the impeller; or the impeller 0-degree sensor is arranged at the impeller, and the stop iron is arranged on the side of the fan cabin.
The invention relates to a method for calculating the effective wind speed of a fan by using a device for measuring the effective wind speed of the fan based on radar wind measurement, which comprises the following steps:
s1: measuring the wind speed of the height ranging from H-L-D/2 to H + L + D/2 by adopting radar through radar beams and utilizing a Doppler principle, establishing a height wind speed corresponding table and transmitting the height wind speed corresponding table to a microcontroller; wherein: when the blade is at the position of 0 degrees, the impeller angle alpha is 0 degrees, and the height of the blade is H + L + D/2 at most; when the blades are in a 180-degree position, the impeller angle alpha is 180 degrees, and the lowest height of each blade is H-L-D/2; wherein D is the diameter of the impeller, L is the length of the blade, and H is the central height of the impeller;
s2: the microcontroller receives temperature, humidity, atmospheric pressure and impeller position data, analyzes and processes the data, corrects the air density based on the measured data, calculates the wind power captured by the blades in a partition mode, integrates the wind power to obtain the total captured power by taking the time of one circle of rotation of the impeller as a period, and finally obtains the effective wind speed by utilizing the relation between the power and the wind speed;
the method specifically comprises the following steps:
the blade is divided into n sections as required, the swept area of each section is a1, a2, … …, An, the total swept area of each blade: a is a1+ a2+ … … + An,
the distance between each subarea and the center of the impeller is L1, L2, … … and Ln;
and the microcontroller corrects the air density according to the received ambient temperature T, the received relative humidity phi and the received atmospheric pressure B:
b: atmospheric pressure; t: ambient temperature; phi: relative humidity;
r0: gas constant of drying gas, R0 ═ 287.05J/(kg × K)
Rw: gas constant of water vapor, Rw 461.5J/(kg K)
Pw: pressure of water vapor, PW＝0.0000205e0.0631846T(T+273)。
The three blades are uniformly distributed, the included angle between the three blades is 120 degrees, and Li is the distance between each subarea and the center of the impeller;
height h1 of blade i in relation to impeller angle α:
h1＝H+Li×cosα
height h2 of vane ii in relation to impeller angle α:
h2＝H+Li×cos(120+α)
height h3 of blade iii in relation to impeller angle α:
h3＝H+Li×cos(240+α)
the microcontroller selects the wind speed at the height by looking up the height wind speed corresponding table to calculate the wind power captured by each subarea of the blade at each height:
ρ: the density of the air; a: a swept area; v: wind speed;
wind power captured by each subarea after the first blade subarea:
wind power captured by each subarea after the second blade subarea:
wind power captured by each partition after partitioning the blade III:
total power captured by the entire impeller:
the time T taken for the impeller to rotate a circle, i.e. for the impeller angle alpha to go from 0 deg. to 360 deg., the captured wind power,
the swept area of each blade is A, the swept area of the whole impeller is 3A, and the effective wind speed is obtained by transformation:
preferably, the impeller angle α is measured by an impeller encoder, and the impeller encoder is corrected by using an impeller 0 ° sensor, so as to ensure the accuracy of the impeller encoder in measuring the impeller angle α, specifically:
when the impeller is at the 0-degree position, namely alpha is 0 degrees, the stop iron triggers the impeller 0-degree sensor 10, an impeller 0-degree signal is transmitted to the microcontroller, the microcontroller checks whether the impeller angle alpha measured by the impeller encoder is 0 degrees or not, and calculates the difference value with 0 degrees, if the difference value is greater than the set deviation, the microcontroller sets the impeller encoder to zero, so that the value of the impeller encoder is also 0 degrees.
The invention has the beneficial effects that:
the invention has simple structure and convenient use, measures temperature, humidity and atmospheric pressure, the impeller encoder monitors the angle of the impeller, and utilizes the 0-degree sensor of the impeller to correct the impeller encoder, thereby ensuring the accuracy of the angle of the impeller, the radar measures wind speeds at different heights, the communication module realizes data transmission with a fan controller and a centralized control center, the microcontroller corrects the air tightness based on the measured data and the algorithm of the invention, calculates the wind power captured by the blades in a subarea way, takes the time of one circle of rotation of the impeller as a period, carries out integration to obtain the total captured power, and finally obtains the effective wind speed by utilizing the relation between the power and the wind speed, thereby providing scientific and reliable basis for the effective control of the fan and improving the generating efficiency of the fan.
Drawings
In order to more clearly illustrate the technical solutions in the embodiments of the present invention, the present invention is further described below with reference to the accompanying drawings and embodiments, and it is obvious that the drawings in the following description are only some embodiments of the present invention, and it is obvious for those skilled in the art to obtain other drawings based on these drawings without creative efforts.
FIG. 1 is a schematic system configuration of the preferred embodiment of the present invention;
FIG. 2 is a schematic diagram of the system layout of the preferred embodiment of the present invention;
FIG. 3 is a schematic view of the blade of the present invention at a 0 position;
FIG. 4 is a schematic view of the 180 position of the blade of the present invention;
FIG. 5 is a schematic view of the vane partitions and corresponding lengths of the present invention;
FIG. 6 is a schematic structural view of a 0 ° sensor of the impeller of the present invention;
FIG. 7 is a diagram of a second system configuration in accordance with the preferred embodiment of the present invention.
In the figure: 1. the system comprises a radar, 2, a temperature and humidity sensor, 3, a microcontroller, 4, an atmospheric pressure sensor, 5, a tower, 6, a radar beam, 7, a blade, 71, a blade I, 72, a blade II, 73, a blade III, 8, an impeller, 9, an impeller encoder, 10, an impeller 0-degree sensor, 11, a fan controller, 12, a communication module and 13, a stop iron, wherein the radar is arranged on the tower; D. impeller diameter, L blade length, H impeller center height.
Detailed Description
The technical solutions in the embodiments of the present invention will be described clearly and completely with reference to the accompanying drawings in the embodiments of the present invention, and it is obvious that the described embodiments are only a part of the embodiments of the present invention, and not all of the embodiments. All other embodiments, which can be derived by a person skilled in the art from the embodiments given herein without making any creative effort, shall fall within the protection scope of the present invention.
Example 1: as shown in fig. 1 and 2, the system comprises a radar, an impeller encoder, an impeller 0 ° sensor, a temperature and humidity sensor, an atmospheric pressure sensor, a microcontroller and a communication module; the impeller encoder and the impeller 0-degree sensor are arranged on the impeller and connected with a fan controller, the fan controller is connected with the micro-controller through a communication module and is communicated with a centralized control center of the fan through the communication module, and the micro-controller is provided with a power supply and is respectively connected with and supplies power to the radar, the temperature and humidity sensor, the atmospheric pressure sensor and the communication module; the temperature and humidity sensor, the atmospheric pressure sensor and the microcontroller are all arranged at the top of the radar tower.
The radar 1 (model: WFSM-200) is arranged at the top of a tower 5, the wind speed in the range from the height H-L-D/2 to H + L + D/2 (wherein D is the diameter of an impeller, L is the length of a blade, and H is the central height of the impeller) is measured by utilizing the Doppler principle through a radar beam 6, a height wind speed corresponding table (table 1) is established and transmitted to the microcontroller 3, and the microcontroller 3 selects the wind speed at the height through the height table. Different height intervals can be divided according to needs, a height wind speed corresponding table is established, and the denser the height intervals are, the closer the height intervals are to the actual wind speed condition.
Table 1: a height wind speed correspondence table, wherein H1 and H2.. Hj in the table represent the central height of the blade partition, and v1 and v2... vj are real-time wind speeds relative to the height of H1 and H2.. Hj.
The temperature and humidity sensor 2 (model: SHTC1 sensing) is arranged at the top of the tower 5, measures the ambient temperature T and humidity phi, and transmits the temperature T and humidity phi to the microcontroller 3.
The barometric pressure sensor 4 (model: Infineon KP126) is arranged on top of the tower 5, measures the barometric pressure B and transmits it to the microcontroller 3.
The impeller encoder 9 (model: HENGSTLER AC58) is arranged at the fan impeller, is an absolute value encoder, measures the angle alpha of the impeller and transmits the angle alpha of the impeller to the microcontroller 3.
The impeller 0-degree sensor 10 (model: Schneider XS2M12MB250L2) is arranged on the side of the fan cabin, and the stop iron 13 is arranged at the impeller 8; it is also possible that the impeller 0 ° sensor 10 is arranged at the impeller and the stop 13 is arranged at the side of the fan nacelle. When the impeller 8 is at the 0 ° position, that is, α is 0 °, the stop 13 triggers the impeller 0 ° sensor 10, the impeller 0 ° signal is transmitted to the microcontroller 3, the microcontroller 3 checks whether the impeller angle α measured by the impeller encoder 9 is 0 °, and calculates the difference from 0 °, and if the difference is greater than the set deviation, the microcontroller 3 sets the impeller encoder 9 to zero, so that the value of the impeller encoder 9 is also 0 °.
The microcontroller 3 (model: Intel 87C51) is arranged at the top of the tower 5, receives data from the radar 1, the impeller encoder 9, the impeller 0-degree sensor 10, the temperature and humidity sensor 2, the atmospheric pressure sensor 4 and the fan controller 11, and analyzes and processes the data.
The communication module 12 includes a receiving end and a transmitting end, the transmitting end is used for transmitting data, and the receiving end is used for receiving data. The communication module 12 can be one or more of RS232 communication, optical fiber communication, wireless communication, GPRS communication, and beidou communication, and the communication module 12 in this embodiment adopts Moxa EDS-505A to realize the communication between the microcontroller 3 and the blower controller 11 and the centralized control center.
The microcontroller and the fan controller are provided with interfaces of the communication modules, and data interaction is realized through the communication modules.
When the wind power generation device works, the microcontroller 3 corrects the air density based on data such as temperature, humidity, atmospheric pressure, impeller position and the like by adopting the algorithm of the invention, calculates the wind power captured by the blades in a partition manner, integrates the wind power to obtain the total captured power by taking the time of one circle of rotation of the impeller as a period, and finally obtains the effective wind speed by utilizing the relation between the power and the wind speed;
the method specifically comprises the following steps:
as shown in fig. 3, the position of the blade is shown at 0 °, where the impeller angle α is 0 °, the height of the blade 1 is the highest, and the height is H + L + D/2; as shown in fig. 4, the schematic diagram of the 180 ° position of the blade is shown, at this time, the impeller angle α is 180 °, the height of the blade 1 is the lowest, and the height is H-L-D/2, and the wind speed at the height is selected by the microcontroller 3 through the height lookup table according to the established height-wind speed correspondence table (table 1) and is transmitted to the microcontroller 3;
as shown in fig. 5, the blade segment and the corresponding length diagram divide the blade 7 into n segments as required, the swept area of each segment is a1, a2, … …, An, and the total swept area of each blade is: a is a1+ a2+ … … + An,
each sector is at a distance L1, L2, … …, Ln from the center of the impeller.
The microcontroller 3 corrects the air density by using the received ambient temperature T, relative humidity phi and atmospheric pressure B,
b: atmospheric pressure; t: ambient temperature; phi: relative humidity;
r0: gas constant of drying gas, R0 ═ 287.05J/(kg × K)
Rw: gas constant of water vapor, Rw 461.5J/(kg K)
Pw: pressure of water vapor, PW＝0.0000205e0.0631846T(T+273)。
The three blades are uniformly distributed, the included angle between the three blades is 120 degrees, and Li is the distance between each subarea and the center of the impeller; height h1 of vane I71 in relation to impeller angle α:
h1＝H+Li×cosα
height h2 of vane i 72 versus impeller angle α:
h2＝H+Li×cos(120+α)
height h3 of vane II 73 is related to impeller angle alpha:
h3＝H+Li×cos(240+α)
the microcontroller 3 selects the wind speed at the height by looking up the height wind speed correspondence table, and is used for calculating the wind power captured by each subarea of the blade at each height:
ρ: the density of the air; a: a swept area; v: wind speed;
wind power captured by each section after the section of the blade I71:
wind power captured by each partition after partitioning of blade II 72:
wind power captured by each partition after blade III 73 partition:
total power captured by the entire impeller:
the time T taken for the impeller to rotate a circle, i.e. for the impeller angle alpha to go from 0 deg. to 360 deg., the captured wind power,
the swept area of each blade is A, the swept area of the whole impeller is 3A, the effective wind speed is obtained by conversion,
when the impeller is at the 0-degree position, the 0-degree sensor of the impeller is triggered, the microcontroller 3 checks whether the angle alpha of the impeller measured by the impeller encoder 9 is 0 degree or not, and calculates the difference value with 0 degree, if the difference value is greater than the set deviation, the microcontroller 3 sets the impeller encoder 9 to zero and corrects the deviation, so that the value of the impeller encoder 9 is also 0 degree
The invention has simple structure and convenient use, measures temperature, humidity and atmospheric pressure, the impeller encoder monitors the angle of the impeller, and utilizes the 0-degree sensor of the impeller to correct the impeller encoder, thereby ensuring the accuracy of the angle of the impeller, the radar measures wind speeds at different heights, the communication module realizes data transmission with a fan controller and a centralized control center, the microcontroller corrects the air tightness based on the measured data and the algorithm of the invention, calculates the wind power captured by the blades in a subarea way, takes the time of one circle of rotation of the impeller as a period, carries out integration to obtain the total captured power, and finally obtains the effective wind speed by utilizing the relation between the power and the wind speed, thereby providing scientific and reliable basis for the effective control of the fan and improving the generating efficiency of the fan.
The device for measuring the effective wind speed of the fan based on radar wind measurement can be further optimized or/and improved according to actual needs:
in this example, the impeller 0 ° sensor 10 is provided on the fan nacelle side and the stopper 13 is provided on the impeller, or the impeller 0 ° sensor 10 may be provided on the impeller and the stopper 13 may be provided on the fan nacelle side. The stop iron 13 is an iron trigger block, and the setting position is guaranteed to be matched with the impeller 0-degree sensor for use, namely when the impeller is located at the 0-degree position, the impeller 0-degree sensor can trigger the stop iron 13.
Example 2: as shown in fig. 7, the vane encoder 9 and the vane 0 ° sensor 10 of the present example may also be directly connected to the communication module 12, and the data may be transmitted to the microcontroller 3 via the communication module 12. The system comprises a radar, an impeller encoder, an impeller 0-degree sensor, a temperature and humidity sensor, an atmospheric pressure sensor, a microcontroller, a data acquisition module and a communication module; impeller encoder, impeller 0 sensor set up on the impeller, and impeller encoder, impeller 0 sensor connect communication module through data acquisition module respectively, and data processing module adopts STC89C52 treater, gathers and handles impeller encoder and impeller 0 sensor to spread into communication module to data, communication module connects fan controller and microcontroller respectively, through communication module and centralized control center communication, microcontroller is from electrified source, is connected with radar, temperature and humidity sensor, atmospheric pressure sensor, communication module respectively, and supplies power to it.
The microcontroller and the fan controller are provided with interfaces of the communication modules, and data interaction is realized through the communication modules. The communication module 12 in this example employs the Moxa EDS-505A.
It should be understood that the detailed description of the present invention is only for illustrating the present invention and is not limited to the technical solutions described in the embodiments of the present invention, and those skilled in the art should understand that the present invention can be modified or substituted equally to achieve the same technical effects; as long as the use requirements are met, the method is within the protection scope of the invention.
Claims (8)
1. The utility model provides a measuring device of fan effective wind speed based on radar anemometry which characterized in that: the system comprises a radar, an impeller encoder, an impeller 0-degree sensor, a temperature and humidity sensor, an atmospheric pressure sensor, a microcontroller and a communication module; the impeller encoder and the impeller 0-degree sensor are arranged on the impeller and connected with the fan controller, the fan controller is connected with the microcontroller through the communication module and communicated with the centralized control center through the communication module, and the microcontroller is respectively connected with the radar, the temperature and humidity sensor, the atmospheric pressure sensor and the communication module and supplies power to the radar, the temperature and humidity sensor, the atmospheric pressure sensor and the communication module; and the temperature and humidity sensor, the atmospheric pressure sensor and the microcontroller are all arranged at the top of the radar tower.
2. The utility model provides a measuring device of fan effective wind speed based on radar anemometry which characterized in that: the system comprises a radar, an impeller encoder, an impeller 0-degree sensor, a temperature and humidity sensor, an atmospheric pressure sensor, a microcontroller, a data acquisition module and a communication module; impeller encoder, impeller 0 sensor set up on the impeller, and communication module is connected through data acquisition module respectively to impeller encoder, impeller 0 sensor, and data processing module gathers and handles impeller encoder and impeller 0 sensor to spread into communication module to data, communication module connects fan controller and microcontroller respectively, through communication module and central control center communication, microcontroller is from electrified source, is connected with radar, temperature and humidity sensor, atmospheric pressure sensor, communication module respectively, and supplies power to it.
3. The device for measuring the effective wind speed of the wind turbine based on radar wind measurement according to the claim 1 or 2 is characterized in that: the radar is a sound radar or/and a laser radar, is provided with a power supply and is arranged at the top of the tower.
4. The device for measuring the effective wind speed of the wind turbine based on radar wind measurement according to the claim 1 or 2 is characterized in that: the vane wheel encoder is an absolute value encoder.
5. The device for measuring the effective wind speed of the wind turbine based on radar wind measurement according to the claim 1 or 2 is characterized in that: the communication module realizes the communication between the microcontroller and the wind motor controller and the centralized control center respectively through one or more modes of RS232 communication, optical fiber communication, wireless communication, GPRS communication and Beidou communication.
6. The device for measuring the effective wind speed of the wind turbine based on radar wind measurement according to the claim 1 or 2 is characterized in that: the impeller 0-degree sensor is arranged on the side of the fan cabin, and the stop iron is arranged at the impeller; or the impeller 0-degree sensor is arranged at the impeller, and the stop iron is arranged on the side of the fan cabin.
7. The method for calculating the effective wind speed of the fan by using the device for measuring the effective wind speed of the fan based on radar wind measurement according to claim 1 or 2 is characterized in that: the method comprises the following steps:
s1: measuring the wind speed of the height ranging from H-L-D/2 to H + L + D/2 by adopting radar through radar beams and utilizing a Doppler principle, establishing a height wind speed corresponding table and transmitting the height wind speed corresponding table to a microcontroller; wherein: when the blade is at the position of 0 degrees, the impeller angle alpha is 0 degrees, and the height of the blade is H + L + D/2 at most; when the blades are in a 180-degree position, the impeller angle alpha is 180 degrees, and the lowest height of each blade is H-L-D/2; wherein D is the diameter of the impeller, L is the length of the blade, and H is the central height of the impeller;
s2: the microcontroller receives temperature, humidity, atmospheric pressure and impeller position data, analyzes and processes the data, corrects the air density based on the measured data, calculates the wind power captured by the blades in a partition manner, integrates the time of one circle of rotation of the impeller as a period to obtain the total captured power, and finally obtains the effective wind speed by utilizing the relation between the power and the wind speed;
the method specifically comprises the following steps:
the blade is divided into n sections as required, the swept area of each section is a1, a2, … …, An, the total swept area of each blade: a is a1+ a2+ … … + An,
the distance between each subarea and the center of the impeller is L1, L2, … … and Ln;
and the microcontroller corrects the air density according to the received ambient temperature T, the received relative humidity phi and the received atmospheric pressure B:
b: atmospheric pressure; t: ambient temperature; phi: relative humidity;
r0: gas constant of drying gas, R0 ═ 287.05J/(kg × K)
Rw: gas constant of water vapor, Rw 461.5J/(kg K)
Pw: pressure of water vapor, PW＝0.0000205e0.0631846T(T+273)。
The three blades are uniformly distributed, the included angle between the three blades is 120 degrees, and Li is the distance between each subarea and the center of the impeller;
height h1 of blade I in relation to impeller angle α:
h1＝H+Li×cosα
height h2 of blade II versus impeller angle α:
h2＝H+Li×cos(120+α)
height h3 of blade III in relation to impeller angle α:
h3＝H+Li×cos(240+α)
the microcontroller selects the wind speed at the height by looking up the height wind speed corresponding table to calculate the wind power captured by each partition of the blade at each height:
ρ: the density of the air; a: a swept area; v: wind speed;
wind power captured by each partition after the blade I partition:
wind power captured by each zone after the blade II is partitioned:
wind power captured by each zone after blade III zone division:
total power captured by the entire impeller:
the time T taken for the impeller to rotate a circle, i.e. for the impeller angle alpha to go from 0 deg. to 360 deg., the captured wind power,
the swept area of each blade is A, the swept area of the whole impeller is 3A, and the effective wind speed is obtained by transformation:
8. the method for calculating the effective wind speed of the fan based on the radar wind measurement device as claimed in claim 7, is characterized in that: impeller angle alpha is measured through the impeller encoder, adopts 0 sensor of impeller to rectify the impeller encoder, guarantees the accuracy that impeller encoder measured impeller angle alpha, specifically does:
when the impeller is at the 0-degree position, namely alpha is 0 degrees, the stop iron triggers the 0-degree sensor 10 of the impeller, 0-degree signals of the impeller are transmitted to the microcontroller, the microcontroller checks whether the angle alpha of the impeller measured by the impeller encoder is 0 degrees or not, and calculates the difference value with 0 degrees, if the difference value is greater than the set deviation, the microcontroller sets the impeller encoder to zero, so that the value of the impeller encoder is also 0 degrees.
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