CN108691730A - Wind powered generator system and wind energy data error modification method and Yaw control method - Google Patents
Wind powered generator system and wind energy data error modification method and Yaw control method Download PDFInfo
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- CN108691730A CN108691730A CN201810438247.XA CN201810438247A CN108691730A CN 108691730 A CN108691730 A CN 108691730A CN 201810438247 A CN201810438247 A CN 201810438247A CN 108691730 A CN108691730 A CN 108691730A
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- 238000000034 method Methods 0.000 title claims abstract description 31
- 238000002715 modification method Methods 0.000 title claims abstract description 13
- 230000001939 inductive effect Effects 0.000 claims abstract description 276
- 238000001514 detection method Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 118
- 238000000354 decomposition reaction Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 21
- 238000004364 calculation method Methods 0.000 claims description 32
- 238000012545 processing Methods 0.000 claims description 27
- 238000005259 measurement Methods 0.000 claims description 10
- 238000012937 correction Methods 0.000 claims description 5
- 238000003786 synthesis reaction Methods 0.000 abstract description 5
- 230000015572 biosynthetic process Effects 0.000 abstract description 3
- 238000010586 diagram Methods 0.000 description 10
- 230000006698 induction Effects 0.000 description 7
- 238000004422 calculation algorithm Methods 0.000 description 2
- 238000007689 inspection Methods 0.000 description 2
- 238000006243 chemical reaction Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000001351 cycling effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000000694 effects Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000005611 electricity Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000005516 engineering process Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000002474 experimental method Methods 0.000 description 1
- BGOFCVIGEYGEOF-UJPOAAIJSA-N helicin Chemical compound O[C@@H]1[C@@H](O)[C@H](O)[C@@H](CO)O[C@H]1OC1=CC=CC=C1C=O BGOFCVIGEYGEOF-UJPOAAIJSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 238000009434 installation Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000010248 power generation Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000007619 statistical method Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000010408 sweeping Methods 0.000 description 1
- 201000009482 yaws Diseases 0.000 description 1
Classifications
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- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F03—MACHINES OR ENGINES FOR LIQUIDS; WIND, SPRING, OR WEIGHT MOTORS; PRODUCING MECHANICAL POWER OR A REACTIVE PROPULSIVE THRUST, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
- F03D—WIND MOTORS
- F03D7/00—Controlling wind motors
- F03D7/02—Controlling wind motors the wind motors having rotation axis substantially parallel to the air flow entering the rotor
- F03D7/0204—Controlling wind motors the wind motors having rotation axis substantially parallel to the air flow entering the rotor for orientation in relation to wind direction
-
- G—PHYSICS
- G01—MEASURING; TESTING
- G01P—MEASURING LINEAR OR ANGULAR SPEED, ACCELERATION, DECELERATION, OR SHOCK; INDICATING PRESENCE, ABSENCE, OR DIRECTION, OF MOVEMENT
- G01P5/00—Measuring speed of fluids, e.g. of air stream; Measuring speed of bodies relative to fluids, e.g. of ship, of aircraft
-
- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F05—INDEXING SCHEMES RELATING TO ENGINES OR PUMPS IN VARIOUS SUBCLASSES OF CLASSES F01-F04
- F05B—INDEXING SCHEME RELATING TO WIND, SPRING, WEIGHT, INERTIA OR LIKE MOTORS, TO MACHINES OR ENGINES FOR LIQUIDS COVERED BY SUBCLASSES F03B, F03D AND F03G
- F05B2270/00—Control
- F05B2270/30—Control parameters, e.g. input parameters
- F05B2270/32—Wind speeds
-
- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F05—INDEXING SCHEMES RELATING TO ENGINES OR PUMPS IN VARIOUS SUBCLASSES OF CLASSES F01-F04
- F05B—INDEXING SCHEME RELATING TO WIND, SPRING, WEIGHT, INERTIA OR LIKE MOTORS, TO MACHINES OR ENGINES FOR LIQUIDS COVERED BY SUBCLASSES F03B, F03D AND F03G
- F05B2270/00—Control
- F05B2270/30—Control parameters, e.g. input parameters
- F05B2270/321—Wind directions
-
- Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
- Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
- Y02E—REDUCTION OF GREENHOUSE GAS [GHG] EMISSIONS, RELATED TO ENERGY GENERATION, TRANSMISSION OR DISTRIBUTION
- Y02E10/00—Energy generation through renewable energy sources
- Y02E10/70—Wind energy
- Y02E10/72—Wind turbines with rotation axis in wind direction
Abstract
The present invention relates to wind powered generator system and wind energy data error modification methods and Yaw control method, the initial wind velocity vector that wind energy data-detection apparatus is detected first carries out Orthogonal Decomposition, it is decomposed into initial wind speed axial vector and initial wind speed tangent vector, then calculates tangential velocity vector of the wake flow at wind energy data-detection apparatus according to parameters such as the tangential inducible factors of wind turbine wake flow;Then revised wind speed tangent vector is calculated according to initial wind speed tangent vector and wake flow tangential velocity vector, revised wind speed tangent vector is synthesized with initial wind speed axial vector finally, obtains revised wind velocity vector.Revised wind speed tangent vector has eliminated wind turbine wake flow factor, so revised wind speed tangent vector and initial wind speed axial vector are synthesized, actual wind speed and direction is almost the same before wind speed and direction and wind turbine after synthesis, eliminate existing deviation between the wind energy data of detection and true wind energy data, ensure data validity, is controlled convenient for subsequent yaw.
Description
Technical field
The present invention relates to wind powered generator system and wind energy data error modification methods and Yaw control method.
Background technology
In the past 20 years, wind-power electricity generation market rapidly develops in world wide, emerges several wind power plants both at home and abroad
Supplier, the competition between them, it is wind power plant supplier to improve the stability of wind turbine and generating efficiency
The emphasis being absorbed in wind power station.Wind wheel is a key factor for influencing power generation efficiency on wind error.
Conventional fan anemoscope and air speed measuring apparatus are mounted on behind wind wheel, above cabin, as shown in Figure 1.Moreover, application
A kind of wind powered generator system, including blade, wind are disclosed in the Chinese patent application file that publication No. is CN104454349A
The equipment such as Xiang Biao, air speed measuring apparatus, wind vane and air speed measuring apparatus are similarly disposed at behind wind wheel, above cabin.Pass through wind direction
The wind energy data measured are transferred to industrial controlled machine by mark and air speed measuring apparatus, to adjust wind energy conversion system Windward angle, are realized maximized
Wind energy utilization.Anemoscope and air speed measuring apparatus can be two independent equipment, and one is used to detect wind direction information, another use
In detection wind speed information, certainly, the two equipment can also be referred to as wind energy data-detection apparatus, carry out the inspection of wind direction and wind speed
It surveys.But Parallel airflow is rotated by promotion wind wheel when wind wheel, while oneself rotating in the opposite direction and to form spiral helicine wake flow, by
Wake effect, anemoscope (or referred to as wind energy data-detection apparatus) measure wind direction and wind wheel before wind direction there is deviation,
That is there is deviation in the wind direction and true wind direction of anemoscope detection.The wind direction driving yaw that yaw system is measured with reference to anemoscope
System is clearly cannot be accurately to wind, and the wind sweeping area that yaw error may result in wind wheel becomes smaller, and generating efficiency is lower in turn.
Invention content
The object of the present invention is to provide a kind of wind energy data error modification methods of wind-driven generator, to solve wind energy number
There are problems that deviation between wind energy data and true wind energy data according to detection device detection.Present invention simultaneously provides one kind
Wind driven generator yaw control method and two kinds of wind powered generator systems.
To achieve the above object, the present invention includes following technical scheme.
A kind of wind energy data error modification method of wind-driven generator, includes the following steps:
(1) Orthogonal Decomposition is carried out to the initial wind velocity vector of wind energy data-detection apparatus detection output, is decomposed into initial wind
Fast axial vector and initial wind speed tangent vector, initial wind speed axial vector are parallel to wind wheel plane normal, and initial wind speed tangent vector is parallel
It is tangential in wind wheel plane;
(2) flat relative to wind wheel according to the tangential inducible factor of wind turbine wake flow, wind speed round and wind energy data-detection apparatus
The height at face center calculates tangential velocity vector of the wake flow at wind energy data-detection apparatus;
(3) that revised wind speed is calculated with the tangential velocity vector according to the initial wind speed tangent vector is tangential
Amount, the revised wind speed tangent vector is synthesized with the initial wind speed axial vector, obtains revised wind velocity vector.
Initial wind velocity vector first by the detection output of wind energy data-detection apparatus carries out Orthogonal Decomposition, is decomposed into initial wind
Then fast axial vector and initial wind speed tangent vector are examined according to the tangential inducible factor of wind turbine wake flow, wind speed round and wind energy data
Measurement equipment calculates tangential velocity vector of the wake flow at wind energy data-detection apparatus relative to the height of wind wheel planar central;Then
Revised wind speed tangent vector is calculated according to initial wind speed tangent vector and tangential velocity vector, finally by revised wind speed
Tangent vector is synthesized with initial wind speed axial vector, obtains revised wind velocity vector.Because revised wind speed tangent vector has been picked
In addition to wind turbine wake flow factor, so revised wind speed tangent vector and initial wind speed tangent vector are synthesized, the wind after synthesis
Fast wind direction is almost the same with the wind speed and direction (i.e. actual wind speed and direction before wind turbine) of natural wind, eliminates the wind that detection obtains
Existing deviation between energy data and true wind energy data, ensures the authenticity of data, is controlled convenient for subsequent yaw.
Further, the calculating process of the tangential inducible factor of the wind turbine wake flow includes the following steps:
1) it is zero to initialize axial inducible factor and tangential inducible factor;
2) inflow angle is calculatedCalculation formula is:
Wherein, a is axial inducible factor, and a ' is tangential inducible factor, and h is that wind energy data-detection apparatus is flat relative to wind wheel
The height at face center, Ω are the angular speed of wind wheel rotation, v1For plane where wind wheel front and with plane where wind wheel away from
From more than the wind speed at given threshold;
3) axial inducible factor and tangential inducible factor are recalculated, calculation formula is:
Wherein, CxIt is wind wheel axial direction torque coefficient, CyFor the tangential torque coefficient of wind wheel;σ is blade solidity, i.e. wind energy data
Leaf chord length accounts for the ratio of circumference of impeller at height of the detection device wind direction measurement point away from axial fan hub center;
4) the axial inducible factor and first that the axial inducible factor being calculated more for the first time is obtained with initialization
The tangential inducible factor that the secondary tangential inducible factor being calculated is obtained with initialization, if the axial induction being calculated for the first time
Error between the axial inducible factor that the factor and initialization obtain is more than the first setting error amount, and/or calculates for the first time
To tangential inducible factor and the obtained tangential inducible factor of initialization between error be more than the second setting error amount, with first
The axial inducible factor that the secondary tangential inducible factor being calculated and first time are calculated is as parameter, according to the step 2)
With 3) recalculate axial inducible factor and tangential inducible factor, then calculate and more corresponding error, if second calculates
Error between obtained axial inducible factor and the axial inducible factor being calculated for the first time is more than the first setting error amount,
And/or the error between the tangential inducible factor being calculated for the second time and the tangential inducible factor being calculated for the first time is more than
Second setting error amount, is made with the tangential inducible factor being calculated for the second time and the axial inducible factor being calculated for the second time
For parameter, 3) axial inducible factor and tangential inducible factor are recalculated according to the step 2) and again, and so on, until
Error between certain axial inducible factor being once calculated and last obtained axial inducible factor is less than or equal to
First setting error amount, and between certain tangential inducible factor being once calculated and last obtained tangential inducible factor
Error is less than or equal to the second setting error amount, then, certain described tangential inducible factor being once calculated is required
Tangential inducible factor.
Wind turbine wake flow inducible factor uses recursive algorithm, is passed using wind wheel axial direction torque coefficient and the tangential torque coefficient of wind wheel
It pushes away and calculates the tangential inducible factor of wake flow and axial inducible factor, since wind wheel axial direction torque coefficient and the tangential torque coefficient of wind wheel are
Given value, blade supplier can directly provide, than using the parameters such as blade lift coefficient, resistance coefficient to calculate inducible factor more
It is convenient, precision higher.
Further, the tangential velocity vector vqhCalculation formula be:
vqh=2a'Ωh
Wherein, a ' is tangential inducible factor, and h is height of the wind energy data-detection apparatus relative to wind wheel planar central, Ω
For the angular speed of wind wheel rotation.
Further, the revised wind speed tangent vector vqsCalculation formula be:
vqs=vq-vqh
Wherein, vqFor initial wind speed tangent vector.
A kind of wind driven generator yaw control method, includes the following steps:
(1) Orthogonal Decomposition is carried out to the initial wind velocity vector of wind energy data-detection apparatus detection output, is decomposed into initial wind
Fast axial vector and initial wind speed tangent vector, initial wind speed axial vector are parallel to wind wheel plane normal, and initial wind speed tangent vector is parallel
It is tangential in wind wheel plane;
(2) flat relative to wind wheel according to the tangential inducible factor of wind turbine wake flow, wind speed round and wind energy data-detection apparatus
The height at face center calculates tangential velocity vector of the wake flow at wind energy data-detection apparatus;
(3) that revised wind speed is calculated with the tangential velocity vector according to the initial wind speed tangent vector is tangential
Amount, the revised wind speed tangent vector is synthesized with the initial wind speed axial vector, obtains revised wind velocity vector;
(4) yaw control is carried out according to revised wind velocity vector.
Further, the calculating process of the tangential inducible factor of the wind turbine wake flow includes the following steps:
1) it is zero to initialize axial inducible factor and tangential inducible factor;
2) inflow angle is calculatedCalculation formula is:
Wherein, a is axial inducible factor, and a ' is tangential inducible factor, and h is that wind energy data-detection apparatus is flat relative to wind wheel
The height at face center, Ω are the angular speed of wind wheel rotation, v1For plane where wind wheel front and with plane where wind wheel away from
From more than the wind speed at given threshold;
3) axial inducible factor and tangential inducible factor are recalculated, calculation formula is:
Wherein, CxIt is wind wheel axial direction torque coefficient, CyFor the tangential torque coefficient of wind wheel;σ is blade solidity, i.e. wind energy data
Leaf chord length accounts for the ratio of circumference of impeller at height of the detection device wind direction measurement point away from axial fan hub center;
4) the axial inducible factor and first that the axial inducible factor being calculated more for the first time is obtained with initialization
The tangential inducible factor that the secondary tangential inducible factor being calculated is obtained with initialization, if the axial induction being calculated for the first time
Error between the axial inducible factor that the factor and initialization obtain is more than the first setting error amount, and/or calculates for the first time
To tangential inducible factor and the obtained tangential inducible factor of initialization between error be more than the second setting error amount, with first
The axial inducible factor that the secondary tangential inducible factor being calculated and first time are calculated is as parameter, according to the step 2)
With 3) recalculate axial inducible factor and tangential inducible factor, then calculate and more corresponding error, if second calculates
Error between obtained axial inducible factor and the axial inducible factor being calculated for the first time is more than the first setting error amount,
And/or the error between the tangential inducible factor being calculated for the second time and the tangential inducible factor being calculated for the first time is more than
Second setting error amount, is made with the tangential inducible factor being calculated for the second time and the axial inducible factor being calculated for the second time
For parameter, 3) axial inducible factor and tangential inducible factor are recalculated according to the step 2) and again, and so on, until
Error between certain axial inducible factor being once calculated and last obtained axial inducible factor is less than or equal to
First setting error amount, and between certain tangential inducible factor being once calculated and last obtained tangential inducible factor
Error is less than or equal to the second setting error amount, then, certain described tangential inducible factor being once calculated is required
Tangential inducible factor.
Further, the tangential velocity vector vqhCalculation formula be:
vqh=2a'Ωh
Wherein, a ' is tangential inducible factor, and h is height of the wind energy data-detection apparatus relative to wind wheel planar central, Ω
For the angular speed of wind wheel rotation.
Further, the revised wind speed tangent vector vqsCalculation formula be:
vqs=vq-vqh
Wherein, vqFor initial wind speed tangent vector.
A kind of wind powered generator system, including wind energy data-detection apparatus, the wind energy data-detection apparatus is for detecting
Wind speed information and wind direction information, the wind speed information and wind direction information of the detection output of wind energy data-detection apparatus constitute initial wind speed to
Amount, the wind powered generator system further includes data processing unit, the detection signal output end of the wind energy data-detection apparatus
Output connects the data processing unit, and the data processing unit executes error revising strategies, the error revising strategies packet
Include following implemented step:
(1) Orthogonal Decomposition is carried out to the initial wind velocity vector of wind energy data-detection apparatus detection output, is decomposed into initial wind
Fast axial vector and initial wind speed tangent vector, initial wind speed axial vector are parallel to wind wheel plane normal, and initial wind speed tangent vector is parallel
It is tangential in wind wheel plane;
(2) flat relative to wind wheel according to the tangential inducible factor of wind turbine wake flow, wind speed round and wind energy data-detection apparatus
The height at face center calculates tangential velocity vector of the wake flow at wind energy data-detection apparatus;
(3) that revised wind speed is calculated with the tangential velocity vector according to the initial wind speed tangent vector is tangential
Amount, the revised wind speed tangent vector is synthesized with the initial wind speed axial vector, obtains revised wind velocity vector.
Further, the calculating process of the tangential inducible factor of the wind turbine wake flow includes the following steps:
1) it is zero to initialize axial inducible factor and tangential inducible factor;
2) inflow angle is calculatedCalculation formula is:
Wherein, a is axial inducible factor, and a ' is tangential inducible factor, and h is that wind energy data-detection apparatus is flat relative to wind wheel
The height at face center, Ω are the angular speed of wind wheel rotation, v1For plane where wind wheel front and with plane where wind wheel away from
From more than the wind speed at given threshold;
3) axial inducible factor and tangential inducible factor are recalculated, calculation formula is:
Wherein, CxIt is wind wheel axial direction torque coefficient, CyFor the tangential torque coefficient of wind wheel;σ is blade solidity, i.e. wind energy data
Leaf chord length accounts for the ratio of circumference of impeller at height of the detection device wind direction measurement point away from axial fan hub center;
4) the axial inducible factor and first that the axial inducible factor being calculated more for the first time is obtained with initialization
The tangential inducible factor that the secondary tangential inducible factor being calculated is obtained with initialization, if the axial induction being calculated for the first time
Error between the axial inducible factor that the factor and initialization obtain is more than the first setting error amount, and/or calculates for the first time
To tangential inducible factor and the obtained tangential inducible factor of initialization between error be more than the second setting error amount, with first
The axial inducible factor that the secondary tangential inducible factor being calculated and first time are calculated is as parameter, according to the step 2)
With 3) recalculate axial inducible factor and tangential inducible factor, then calculate and more corresponding error, if second calculates
Error between obtained axial inducible factor and the axial inducible factor being calculated for the first time is more than the first setting error amount,
And/or the error between the tangential inducible factor being calculated for the second time and the tangential inducible factor being calculated for the first time is more than
Second setting error amount, is made with the tangential inducible factor being calculated for the second time and the axial inducible factor being calculated for the second time
For parameter, 3) axial inducible factor and tangential inducible factor are recalculated according to the step 2) and again, and so on, until
Error between certain axial inducible factor being once calculated and last obtained axial inducible factor is less than or equal to
First setting error amount, and between certain tangential inducible factor being once calculated and last obtained tangential inducible factor
Error is less than or equal to the second setting error amount, then, certain described tangential inducible factor being once calculated is required
Tangential inducible factor.
Further, the tangential velocity vector vqhCalculation formula be:
vqh=2a'Ωh
Wherein, a ' is tangential inducible factor, and h is height of the wind energy data-detection apparatus relative to wind wheel planar central, Ω
For the angular speed of wind wheel rotation.
Further, the revised wind speed tangent vector vqsCalculation formula be:
vqs=vq-vqh
Wherein, vqFor initial wind speed tangent vector.
A kind of wind powered generator system, including wind energy data-detection apparatus and yaw subsystem, the wind energy Data Detection
Equipment is for detecting wind speed information and wind direction information, the wind speed information and wind direction information structure of the detection output of wind energy data-detection apparatus
At initial wind velocity vector, the wind powered generator system further includes data processing unit, the inspection of the wind energy data-detection apparatus
It surveys signal output end output and connects the data processing unit, the signal output end of the data processing unit exports described in connection
Subsystem is yawed, the data processing unit executes error revising strategies, and the error revising strategies include following implemented step:
(1) Orthogonal Decomposition is carried out to the initial wind velocity vector of wind energy data-detection apparatus detection output, is decomposed into initial wind
Fast axial vector and initial wind speed tangent vector, initial wind speed axial vector are parallel to wind wheel plane normal, and initial wind speed tangent vector is parallel
It is tangential in wind wheel plane;
(2) flat relative to wind wheel according to the tangential inducible factor of wind turbine wake flow, wind speed round and wind energy data-detection apparatus
The height at face center calculates tangential velocity vector of the wake flow at wind energy data-detection apparatus;
(3) that revised wind speed is calculated with the tangential velocity vector according to the initial wind speed tangent vector is tangential
Amount, the revised wind speed tangent vector is synthesized with the initial wind speed axial vector, obtains revised wind velocity vector;
The yaw subsystem carries out yaw control according to the revised wind velocity vector that data processing unit is handled.
Further, the calculating process of the tangential inducible factor of the wind turbine wake flow includes the following steps:
1) it is zero to initialize axial inducible factor and tangential inducible factor;
2) inflow angle is calculatedCalculation formula is:
Wherein, a is axial inducible factor, and a ' is tangential inducible factor, and h is that wind energy data-detection apparatus is flat relative to wind wheel
The height at face center, Ω are the angular speed of wind wheel rotation, v1For plane where wind wheel front and with plane where wind wheel away from
From more than the wind speed at given threshold;
3) axial inducible factor and tangential inducible factor are recalculated, calculation formula is:
Wherein, CxIt is wind wheel axial direction torque coefficient, CyFor the tangential torque coefficient of wind wheel;σ is blade solidity, i.e. wind energy data
Leaf chord length accounts for the ratio of circumference of impeller at height of the detection device wind direction measurement point away from axial fan hub center;
4) the axial inducible factor and first that the axial inducible factor being calculated more for the first time is obtained with initialization
The tangential inducible factor that the secondary tangential inducible factor being calculated is obtained with initialization, if the axial induction being calculated for the first time
Error between the axial inducible factor that the factor and initialization obtain is more than the first setting error amount, and/or calculates for the first time
To tangential inducible factor and the obtained tangential inducible factor of initialization between error be more than the second setting error amount, with first
The axial inducible factor that the secondary tangential inducible factor being calculated and first time are calculated is as parameter, according to the step 2)
With 3) recalculate axial inducible factor and tangential inducible factor, then calculate and more corresponding error, if second calculates
Error between obtained axial inducible factor and the axial inducible factor being calculated for the first time is more than the first setting error amount,
And/or the error between the tangential inducible factor being calculated for the second time and the tangential inducible factor being calculated for the first time is more than
Second setting error amount, is made with the tangential inducible factor being calculated for the second time and the axial inducible factor being calculated for the second time
For parameter, 3) axial inducible factor and tangential inducible factor are recalculated according to the step 2) and again, and so on, until
Error between certain axial inducible factor being once calculated and last obtained axial inducible factor is less than or equal to
First setting error amount, and between certain tangential inducible factor being once calculated and last obtained tangential inducible factor
Error is less than or equal to the second setting error amount, then, certain described tangential inducible factor being once calculated is required
Tangential inducible factor.
Further, the tangential velocity vector vqhCalculation formula be:
vqh=2a'Ωh
Wherein, a ' is tangential inducible factor, and h is height of the wind energy data-detection apparatus relative to wind wheel planar central, Ω
For the angular speed of wind wheel rotation.
Further, the revised wind speed tangent vector vqsCalculation formula be:
vqs=vq-vqh
Wherein, vqFor initial wind speed tangent vector.
Description of the drawings
Fig. 1 is wind-driven generator structure schematic diagram;
Fig. 2 is the wind energy data error modification method flow diagram of wind-driven generator;
Fig. 3-a are to carry out wind wind direction decomposition diagram on the left of wind-driven generator --- vertical view;
Fig. 3-b are to carry out wind wind direction decomposition diagram on the left of wind-driven generator --- rearview;
Fig. 4-a are to carry out wind wind direction decomposition diagram on the right side of wind-driven generator --- vertical view;
Fig. 4-b are to carry out wind wind direction decomposition diagram on the right side of wind-driven generator --- rearview;
Fig. 5 is the principle schematic of wind powered generator system embodiment two.
Specific implementation mode
Wind powered generator system embodiment one
The present embodiment provides a kind of wind powered generator system, including wind energy data-detection apparatus, wind energy data-detection apparatus
For detecting wind speed information and wind direction information, which needs not be expensive high-end detecting instrument, can be with
It is cheap mechanical anemoclinograph.Since in wind speed information and wind direction information, one is numerical value, the other is direction, because
This, wind energy data-detection apparatus detection output wind speed information and wind direction information just constitute wind velocity vector, referred to as initial wind speed to
Amount.In order to which the initial wind velocity vector to the detection output of wind energy data-detection apparatus is handled, wind powered generator system further includes
Data processing unit, the detection signal output end output connection data processing unit of wind energy data-detection apparatus, data processing list
Software program is loaded in member, which corresponds to error revising strategies, and error correction is carried out to initial wind velocity vector.Wind energy
Data-detection apparatus belongs to existing equipment, just no longer illustrates here.Data processing unit can be that system Central Plains is originally deposited
Control device, can also be the control device being specially arranged.In addition, wind powered generator system further includes other composition portions
Divide, for example generator etc. just no longer illustrates here since other component parts are not inventive points.
It, will be for the storage unit of required parameter in memory error correction strategy (or referred to as wind turbine paddle in the present embodiment
Leaf information unit) and data processing unit it is integrally disposed, constitute hard measurement module, therefore, which adds for the present invention
The functional block added.
Therefore, the inventive point of wind powered generator system is the error revising strategies in data processing unit, and does not lie in
The hardware configuration of wind powered generator system.
As shown in Fig. 2, error revising strategies include the following steps:
(1) Orthogonal Decomposition is carried out to the initial wind velocity vector v of wind energy data-detection apparatus detection output, is decomposed into initial wind
Fast axial vector vdWith initial wind speed tangent vector vq, initial wind speed axial vector vdIt is parallel to wind wheel plane normal, initial wind speed tangent vector
vqIt is tangential to be parallel to wind wheel plane.If θ is the angle that wind energy data-detection apparatus measures wind direction and wind turbine wind wheel plane normal vector,
So, the calculation formula of wind speed component v is as follows:
(2) according to the tangential inducible factor a ' of wind turbine wake flow, the angular velocity vector Ω and wind energy data-detection apparatus of wind wheel rotation
Height h relative to wind wheel planar central calculates tangential velocity vector v of the wake flow at wind energy data-detection apparatusqh。
(3) according to initial wind speed tangent vector vqWith tangential velocity vector vqhRevised wind speed tangent vector v is calculatedqs,
By revised wind speed tangent vector vqsWith initial wind speed axial vector vdSynthesis, obtains revised wind velocity vector.
Above-mentioned steps (2) and a kind of specific implementation process of (3) are provided individually below, certainly, the invention is not limited in
Following realization processes.
In step (2), the tangential inducible factor a ' of wind turbine wake flow can be empirically derived, can also be according to calculating
It arrives, in the present embodiment, the tangential inducible factor a ' of wind turbine wake flow is obtained by calculation.Due to the tangential inducible factor of wind turbine wake flow
A ' is corresponding with axial direction inducible factor a, therefore, in the calculating process of tangential inducible factor a ', further relates to axial inducible factor a
Calculating.So, the calculating process of the tangential inducible factor a ' of wind turbine wake flow includes the following steps:
1) axial direction inducible factor a and tangential inducible factor a ' is initialized, axial direction inducible factor a and tangential inducible factor are set
The initial value of a ' is zero.
2) inflow angle is calculatedCalculation formula is:
Wherein, v1For plane where wind wheel front and be more than at a distance from plane where wind wheel the wind at given threshold
Speed, that is to say, that v1It for the wind speed for flowing through before wind wheel plane remotely, is not influenced by wind wheel, also, because wind turbine wind wheel is flat
The equipment of typically no installation detection wind speed, statistical analysis are learnt in front, are examined with fan engine room wind energy data installed above
The air speed value that measurement equipment measures is instead of the air speed value v before wind wheel plane remotely1It is acceptable, therefore, here, v1Number
Value is the air speed value that wind energy data-detection apparatus measures.
3) axial inducible factor a and tangential inducible factor a ' are recalculated using following calculation formula:
Wherein, CxIt is wind wheel axial direction torque coefficient, CyFor the tangential torque coefficient of wind wheel, CxAnd CyIt, can be by blade for given value
Supplier or complete set manufacturer provide, and are usually measured by wind tunnel experiment.
σ is blade solidity, i.e. leaf chord length accounts for the ratio of circumference of impeller at radius r, which can directly give, also may be used
To be obtained by calculation, a kind of calculation formula is given below:
In formula, B represents fan blade number, and current three blades wind turbine is mainstream, so B is generally equivalent to 3;R is wind energy number
According to height of the detection device wind direction measurement point away from axial fan hub center, this parameter after assembling just it has been determined that
It can also be found inside assembling drawing;C is each blade at wind wheel plane (wind wheel plane is a disc) radius r
Chord length, leaf chord length are not the same at each radius of blade, and blade geometry size is provided by blade manufacturers, and blade is at certain
The chord length of point can be found from blade drawing.
Because blade will not generally take entire wheel space (having gap between blade), blade solidity σ is usually small
In 1, and since leaf chord length will not be equal to zero, so blade solidity σ is naturally larger than 0, therefore, the value range of blade solidity σ
For σ ∈ (0,1).So blade solidity σ directly can be obtained rule of thumb, can also be obtained by specific calculating process.
4) the axial inducible factor of the axial inducible factor and initialization that are calculated more for the first time, and count for the first time
The tangential inducible factor of obtained tangential inducible factor and initialization, if for the first time the axial inducible factor that is calculated with just
Error between the axial inducible factor of beginningization is more than the first setting error amount, and/or the tangential induction being calculated for the first time
Error between the factor and the tangential inducible factor of initialization is more than the second setting error amount, then is cut with what is be calculated for the first time
The axial inducible factor that is calculated is as parameter to inducible factor and for the first time, according to above-mentioned steps 2) and 3) recalculate axis
It to inducible factor a and tangential inducible factor a ', then calculates according to above-mentioned comparison procedure and more corresponding error, that is, compares the
The axial inducible factor that secondary calculating obtains and the axial inducible factor being calculated for the first time, and be calculated for the second time
Tangential inducible factor and the tangential inducible factor being calculated for the first time, if the axial inducible factor that is calculated for the second time and the
Error between the axial inducible factor being once calculated is more than the first setting error amount, and/or be calculated for the second time
Error between tangential inducible factor and the tangential inducible factor being calculated for the first time is more than the second setting error amount, then with the
The obtained tangential inducible factor of secondary calculating and the axial inducible factor that is calculated for the second time are as parameter, according to above-mentioned steps
2) and axial inducible factor a and tangential inducible factor a ' 3) are recalculated, then calculated according to above-mentioned comparison procedure and compared pair
The error answered, i.e., the axial inducible factor being calculated more for the third time and the axial inducible factor being calculated for the second time, with
And the tangential inducible factor that is calculated of third time and the tangential inducible factor that is calculated for the second time, if third time is calculated
Axial inducible factor and the axial inducible factor being calculated for the second time between error be more than first setting error amount, and/
Or the error between the third time tangential inducible factor being calculated and the tangential inducible factor being calculated for the second time is more than the
Two setting error amounts, the then axial inducible factor being calculated with the tangential inducible factor and third time that are calculated for the third time are made
For parameter, according to above-mentioned steps 2) and axial inducible factor a and tangential inducible factor a ' 3) are recalculated, then according to above-mentioned ratio
It is calculated compared with process and more corresponding error, and so on, until meet following situations:Certain axial induction being once calculated
Error between the factor and the last axial inducible factor being calculated is less than or equal to the first setting error amount, and a certain
Error between the secondary tangential inducible factor being calculated and the last tangential inducible factor being calculated is less than or equal to
Second setting error amount, then, this certain axial inducible factor for being once calculated and tangential inducible factor are required axis
To inducible factor a and tangential inducible factor a '.
Therefore, wind turbine wake flow inducible factor uses recursive algorithm, using relevant parameter recurrence calculation wake flow axially induction because
Sub- a and tangential inducible factor a ', if inducible factor is respectively less than with the absolute value of the difference of previous result or is set equal to corresponding
Determine error amount (in the present embodiment, the first setting error amount and the second setting error amount are for 0.001), then exits cycle meter
Terminate, otherwise return to step 2) and 3) continue cycling through.
In step 2), tangential velocity vector vqhCalculation formula be:
vqh=2a'Ωh
Wherein, tangential inducible factor a ' again may be by experience and obtain, and can also be obtained according to above-mentioned calculating process;Wind
Taking turns the angular velocity vector Ω of rotation can be detected by the rotary speed detecting equipment that is arranged on wind wheel and obtain, wind energy data-detection apparatus relative to
The height h of wind wheel planar central can be obtained when wind energy data-detection apparatus is initially installed.
In step 3), revised wind speed tangent vector vqs, i.e., calculating of the wind speed in the tangential component of wind wheel plane before wind wheel
Formula is:
vqs=vq-vqh
Revised wind speed tangent vector vqsWith initial wind speed axial vector vdNewly synthesis, obtains revised wind velocity vector, i.e.,
Wind speed and direction, new wind directionTangent vector vqsThe factor of wind turbine wake flow is eliminated, so resultant wind
Fast wind direction be it is almost the same with the wind direction of natural wind, error correction has been carried out to actually detected data, reduce with actual value it
Between deviation.
Fig. 3-a are to carry out wind wind direction decomposition diagram on the left of wind-driven generator --- vertical view;Fig. 3-b are a wind-driven generator left sides
Wind wind direction decomposition diagram is carried out in side --- rearview;Fig. 4-a are to carry out wind wind direction decomposition diagram on the right side of wind-driven generator --- it bows
View;Fig. 4-b are to carry out wind wind direction decomposition diagram on the right side of wind-driven generator --- rearview.
Specific embodiment is presented above, but the present invention is not limited to described embodiment.The base of the present invention
This thinking is the realization process of error revising strategies, and does not lie in the realization system of the error revising strategies, is repaiied in the error
On the basis of positive strategy, any hardware system is within the scope of the invention.
The wind energy data error modification method embodiment of wind-driven generator
The present embodiment provides a kind of wind energy data error modification methods of wind-driven generator, including following implemented step:
(1) Orthogonal Decomposition is carried out to the initial wind velocity vector of wind energy data-detection apparatus detection output, is decomposed into initial wind
Fast axial vector and initial wind speed tangent vector, initial wind speed axial vector are parallel to wind wheel plane normal, and initial wind speed tangent vector is parallel
It is tangential in wind wheel plane;
(2) flat relative to wind wheel according to the tangential inducible factor of wind turbine wake flow, wind speed round and wind energy data-detection apparatus
The height at face center calculates tangential velocity vector of the wake flow at wind energy data-detection apparatus;
(3) that revised wind speed is calculated with the tangential velocity vector according to the initial wind speed tangent vector is tangential
Amount, the revised wind speed tangent vector is synthesized with the initial wind speed axial vector, obtains revised wind velocity vector.
Due to being described in detail to the error correcting method in above-mentioned wind powered generator system embodiment one, this
Embodiment just no longer illustrates.
Wind powered generator system embodiment two
The present embodiment provides a kind of wind powered generator system, including wind energy data-detection apparatus, data processing unit and partially
Navigate subsystem, wherein as soon as wind energy data-detection apparatus is illustrated in wind powered generator system embodiment, here not
It illustrates again.It yaws subsystem and realizes that yaw controls, in the present embodiment, yaw subsystem includes that yawer and yaw are driven
Dynamic system, as shown in Figure 5.The detection signal output end of wind energy data-detection apparatus, which exports, connects data processing unit, at data
Manage the yawer in the signal output end output connection yaw subsystem of unit.
Software program is loaded in data processing unit, which corresponds to error revising strategies, to initial wind speed to
Amount carries out error correction.
Due to being described in detail to the error revising strategies in above-mentioned wind powered generator system embodiment one, this
In just no longer illustrate.
Data processing unit is by revised wind speed tangent vector vqsWith initial wind speed axial vector vdSynthesis, obtains revised
Wind velocity vector, i.e., new wind speed and direction.Data processing unit exports revised wind speed and direction to yawer, yaw control
Device processed carries out yaw control according to new wind speed and direction.It is just no longer specific here since yaw control process belongs to the prior art
Explanation.
Wind driven generator yaw control method embodiment
The present embodiment provides a kind of wind driven generator yaw control methods, including following implemented step:
(1) Orthogonal Decomposition is carried out to the initial wind velocity vector of wind energy data-detection apparatus detection output, is decomposed into initial wind
Fast axial vector and initial wind speed tangent vector, initial wind speed axial vector are parallel to wind wheel plane normal, and initial wind speed tangent vector is parallel
It is tangential in wind wheel plane;
(2) flat relative to wind wheel according to the tangential inducible factor of wind turbine wake flow, wind speed round and wind energy data-detection apparatus
The height at face center calculates tangential velocity vector of the wake flow at wind energy data-detection apparatus;
(3) that revised wind speed is calculated with the tangential velocity vector according to the initial wind speed tangent vector is tangential
Amount, the revised wind speed tangent vector is synthesized with the initial wind speed axial vector, obtains revised wind velocity vector;
(4) yaw control is carried out according to revised wind velocity vector.
Due in above-mentioned wind powered generator system embodiment one and wind powered generator system embodiment two to the yaw control
Method processed is described in detail, and is just no longer illustrated here.
Claims (10)
1. a kind of wind energy data error modification method of wind-driven generator, which is characterized in that include the following steps:
(1) Orthogonal Decomposition is carried out to the initial wind velocity vector of wind energy data-detection apparatus detection output, is decomposed into initial wind speed axis
The initial wind speed tangent vector of vector sum, initial wind speed axial vector are parallel to wind wheel plane normal, and initial wind speed tangent vector is parallel to wind
It is tangential to take turns plane;
(2) according to the tangential inducible factor of wind turbine wake flow, wind speed round and wind energy data-detection apparatus relative in wind wheel plane
The height of the heart calculates tangential velocity vector of the wake flow at wind energy data-detection apparatus;
(3) revised wind speed tangent vector is calculated according to the initial wind speed tangent vector and the tangential velocity vector, it will
The revised wind speed tangent vector is synthesized with the initial wind speed axial vector, obtains revised wind velocity vector.
2. the wind energy data error modification method of wind-driven generator according to claim 1, which is characterized in that the wind turbine
The calculating process of the tangential inducible factor of wake flow includes the following steps:
1) it is zero to initialize axial inducible factor and tangential inducible factor;
2) inflow angle is calculatedCalculation formula is:
Wherein, a is axial inducible factor, and a ' is tangential inducible factor, and h is wind energy data-detection apparatus relative in wind wheel plane
The height of the heart, Ω are the angular speed of wind wheel rotation, v1For plane where wind wheel front and at a distance from plane where wind wheel it is big
Wind speed at given threshold;
3) axial inducible factor and tangential inducible factor are recalculated, calculation formula is:
Wherein, CxIt is wind wheel axial direction torque coefficient, CyFor the tangential torque coefficient of wind wheel;σ is blade solidity, i.e. wind energy Data Detection
Leaf chord length accounts for the ratio of circumference of impeller at height of the equipment wind direction measurement point away from axial fan hub center;
4) the axial inducible factor that the axial inducible factor being calculated more for the first time is obtained with initialization, and count for the first time
The tangential inducible factor that obtained tangential inducible factor is obtained with initialization, if the axial inducible factor being calculated for the first time
Error between the axial inducible factor obtained with initialization is more than the first setting error amount, and/or be calculated for the first time
Error between the tangential inducible factor that tangential inducible factor and initialization obtain is more than the second setting error amount, in terms of for the first time
Obtained tangential inducible factor and the axial inducible factor being calculated for the first time are as parameter, according to the step 2) and 3)
Axial inducible factor and tangential inducible factor are recalculated, then calculating and more corresponding error, if being calculated for the second time
Axial inducible factor and the error between the axial inducible factor that is calculated is more than the first setting error amount for the first time, and/
Or the error between the tangential inducible factor that is calculated for the second time and the tangential inducible factor being calculated for the first time is more than the
Two setting error amounts, using the tangential inducible factor being calculated for the second time and the axial inducible factor being calculated for the second time as
3) parameter recalculates according to the step 2) and again axial inducible factor and tangential inducible factor, and so on, until certain
Error between the axial inducible factor that is once calculated and last obtained axial inducible factor is less than or equal to the
One setting error amount, and the mistake between certain tangential inducible factor being once calculated and last obtained tangential inducible factor
Difference is less than or equal to the second setting error amount, then, certain described tangential inducible factor being once calculated is required
Tangential inducible factor.
3. the wind energy data error modification method of wind-driven generator according to claim 1 or 2, which is characterized in that
The tangential velocity vector vqhCalculation formula be:
vqh=2a'Ωh
Wherein, a ' is tangential inducible factor, and h is height of the wind energy data-detection apparatus relative to wind wheel planar central, and Ω is wind
Take turns the angular speed of rotation.
4. the wind energy data error modification method of wind-driven generator according to claim 3, which is characterized in that
The revised wind speed tangent vector vqsCalculation formula be:
vqs=vq-vqh
Wherein, vqFor initial wind speed tangent vector.
5. a kind of wind driven generator yaw control method, which is characterized in that include the following steps:
(1) Orthogonal Decomposition is carried out to the initial wind velocity vector of wind energy data-detection apparatus detection output, is decomposed into initial wind speed axis
The initial wind speed tangent vector of vector sum, initial wind speed axial vector are parallel to wind wheel plane normal, and initial wind speed tangent vector is parallel to wind
It is tangential to take turns plane;
(2) according to the tangential inducible factor of wind turbine wake flow, wind speed round and wind energy data-detection apparatus relative in wind wheel plane
The height of the heart calculates tangential velocity vector of the wake flow at wind energy data-detection apparatus;
(3) revised wind speed tangent vector is calculated according to the initial wind speed tangent vector and the tangential velocity vector, it will
The revised wind speed tangent vector is synthesized with the initial wind speed axial vector, obtains revised wind velocity vector;
(4) yaw control is carried out according to revised wind velocity vector.
6. wind driven generator yaw control method according to claim 5, which is characterized in that the wind turbine wake flow it is tangential
The calculating process of inducible factor includes the following steps:
1) it is zero to initialize axial inducible factor and tangential inducible factor;
2) inflow angle is calculatedCalculation formula is:
Wherein, a is axial inducible factor, and a ' is tangential inducible factor, and h is wind energy data-detection apparatus relative in wind wheel plane
The height of the heart, Ω are the angular speed of wind wheel rotation, v1For plane where wind wheel front and at a distance from plane where wind wheel it is big
Wind speed at given threshold;
3) axial inducible factor and tangential inducible factor are recalculated, calculation formula is:
Wherein, CxIt is wind wheel axial direction torque coefficient, CyFor the tangential torque coefficient of wind wheel;σ is blade solidity, i.e. wind energy Data Detection
Leaf chord length accounts for the ratio of circumference of impeller at height of the equipment wind direction measurement point away from axial fan hub center;
4) the axial inducible factor that the axial inducible factor being calculated more for the first time is obtained with initialization, and count for the first time
The tangential inducible factor that obtained tangential inducible factor is obtained with initialization, if the axial inducible factor being calculated for the first time
Error between the axial inducible factor obtained with initialization is more than the first setting error amount, and/or be calculated for the first time
Error between the tangential inducible factor that tangential inducible factor and initialization obtain is more than the second setting error amount, in terms of for the first time
Obtained tangential inducible factor and the axial inducible factor being calculated for the first time are as parameter, according to the step 2) and 3)
Axial inducible factor and tangential inducible factor are recalculated, then calculating and more corresponding error, if being calculated for the second time
Axial inducible factor and the error between the axial inducible factor that is calculated is more than the first setting error amount for the first time, and/
Or the error between the tangential inducible factor that is calculated for the second time and the tangential inducible factor being calculated for the first time is more than the
Two setting error amounts, using the tangential inducible factor being calculated for the second time and the axial inducible factor being calculated for the second time as
3) parameter recalculates according to the step 2) and again axial inducible factor and tangential inducible factor, and so on, until certain
Error between the axial inducible factor that is once calculated and last obtained axial inducible factor is less than or equal to the
One setting error amount, and the mistake between certain tangential inducible factor being once calculated and last obtained tangential inducible factor
Difference is less than or equal to the second setting error amount, then, certain described tangential inducible factor being once calculated is required
Tangential inducible factor.
7. wind driven generator yaw control method according to claim 5 or 6, which is characterized in that
The tangential velocity vector vqhCalculation formula be:
vqh=2a'Ωh
Wherein, a ' is tangential inducible factor, and h is height of the wind energy data-detection apparatus relative to wind wheel planar central, and Ω is wind
Take turns the angular speed of rotation.
8. wind driven generator yaw control method according to claim 7, which is characterized in that
The revised wind speed tangent vector vqsCalculation formula be:
vqs=vq-vqh
Wherein, vqFor initial wind speed tangent vector.
9. a kind of wind powered generator system, including wind energy data-detection apparatus, the wind energy data-detection apparatus is for detecting wind
Fast information and wind direction information, the wind speed information and wind direction information of the detection output of wind energy data-detection apparatus constitute initial wind speed to
Amount, which is characterized in that the wind powered generator system further includes data processing unit, the detection of the wind energy data-detection apparatus
Signal output end output connects the data processing unit, and the data processing unit executes error revising strategies, the error
Correction strategy includes following implemented step:
(1) Orthogonal Decomposition is carried out to the initial wind velocity vector of wind energy data-detection apparatus detection output, is decomposed into initial wind speed axis
The initial wind speed tangent vector of vector sum, initial wind speed axial vector are parallel to wind wheel plane normal, and initial wind speed tangent vector is parallel to wind
It is tangential to take turns plane;
(2) according to the tangential inducible factor of wind turbine wake flow, wind speed round and wind energy data-detection apparatus relative in wind wheel plane
The height of the heart calculates tangential velocity vector of the wake flow at wind energy data-detection apparatus;
(3) revised wind speed tangent vector is calculated according to the initial wind speed tangent vector and the tangential velocity vector, it will
The revised wind speed tangent vector is synthesized with the initial wind speed axial vector, obtains revised wind velocity vector.
10. a kind of wind powered generator system, including wind energy data-detection apparatus and yaw subsystem, the wind energy Data Detection are set
It is ready for use on detection wind speed information and wind direction information, the wind speed information and wind direction information of the detection output of wind energy data-detection apparatus are constituted
Initial wind velocity vector, which is characterized in that the wind powered generator system further includes data processing unit, the wind energy Data Detection
The detection signal output end output of equipment connects the data processing unit, the signal output end output of the data processing unit
The yaw subsystem is connected, the data processing unit executes error revising strategies, and the error revising strategies include following
Realize step:
(1) Orthogonal Decomposition is carried out to the initial wind velocity vector of wind energy data-detection apparatus detection output, is decomposed into initial wind speed axis
The initial wind speed tangent vector of vector sum, initial wind speed axial vector are parallel to wind wheel plane normal, and initial wind speed tangent vector is parallel to wind
It is tangential to take turns plane;
(2) according to the tangential inducible factor of wind turbine wake flow, wind speed round and wind energy data-detection apparatus relative in wind wheel plane
The height of the heart calculates tangential velocity vector of the wake flow at wind energy data-detection apparatus;
(3) revised wind speed tangent vector is calculated according to the initial wind speed tangent vector and the tangential velocity vector, it will
The revised wind speed tangent vector is synthesized with the initial wind speed axial vector, obtains revised wind velocity vector;
The yaw subsystem carries out yaw control according to the revised wind velocity vector that data processing unit is handled.
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