CN112727388A

CN112727388A - Plasma rock breaking efficient chip removal system

Info

Publication number: CN112727388A
Application number: CN202011597985.2A
Authority: CN
Inventors: 刘永红; 孙强; 韩延聪; 朱业俊; 沈志萍; 刘鹏; 李德格; 武鑫磊
Original assignee: China University of Petroleum East China
Current assignee: China University of Petroleum East China
Priority date: 2020-12-29
Filing date: 2020-12-29
Publication date: 2021-04-30
Anticipated expiration: 2040-12-29
Also published as: CN112727388B

Abstract

The invention belongs to the field of petroleum engineering, and particularly relates to a plasma rock breaking efficient chip removal system. In the plasma rock breaking process, a plasma operation area is free of liquid, high-pressure gas is intermittently sprayed to the front part of the drill bit, and the molten magma pool is impacted into rock molten particles; gas injection ports with upward nozzles are distributed at the front part of the drill bit to blow the rock fused particles upwards; a plurality of spiral grooves are distributed on the plasma drill column above the nozzle, and the spiral grooves rotate to seal a plasma rock breaking area at the bottom of the shaft and a foam liquid circulating area at the upper part of the shaft; the multi-stage spiral grooves work in parallel, so that the separation effect is improved; the rock melting particles blown into the spiral groove move upwards to enter a foam liquid circulating area under the rotating action of the spiral groove; cooling the rock fused particles by the foam liquid in the foam liquid circulating area to form rock particles; the rock particles are transported to the surface by the lifting action of the foam concentrate. The system can realize high-efficiency chip removal and improve the drilling efficiency.

Description

Plasma rock breaking efficient chip removal system

Technical Field

The invention belongs to the field of petroleum engineering, and particularly relates to a plasma rock breaking efficient chip removal system.

Background

The plasma drilling technology is a leading-edge efficient drilling technology, and high-temperature plasma is used for melting and gasifying rock so as to realize the breaking of the rock. Different from a conventional rotary mechanical drilling mode, the rock debris generated by the technology is rock slurry in a molten state, and the conventional mud circulation rock-carrying system can directly cool the rock slurry, so that the rock slurry is condensed at the bottom of a well hole again, the rock breaking efficiency is greatly reduced, and high-speed rock breaking cannot be realized. Therefore, a set of efficient chip removal system suitable for plasma rock breaking is developed, and the system has important significance for promoting the development of the technology.

Disclosure of Invention

At present, no efficient chip removal method suitable for plasma rock breaking exists, and the invention provides a plasma rock breaking efficient chip removal system.

The invention is realized by the following technical scheme: in the plasma rock breaking process, a plasma working area is free of liquid, high-pressure gas is intermittently sprayed to the front part of a drill bit of the plasma working area, and the molten rock slurry pool is impacted into rock molten particles; gas injection ports with upward nozzles are distributed at the front part of the drill bit to blow the rock fused particles upwards; a plurality of spiral grooves are distributed on the plasma drill column above the nozzle and rotate under the blowing of working gas; the rotary motion of the spiral groove seals off a plasma rock breaking area at the bottom of the shaft and a foam liquid circulating area at the upper part; the multi-stage spiral grooves work in parallel, so that the separation effect is improved; the rock melting particles blown into the spiral groove move upwards to enter a foam liquid circulating area under the rotating action of the spiral groove; cooling the rock fused particles by the foam liquid in the foam liquid circulating area to form rock particles; the rock particles are transported to the surface by the lifting action of the foam concentrate.

The invention has the beneficial effects that: the high-efficiency chip removal in the plasma rock breaking process is realized, the drilling efficiency is improved, the drill bit is simple in structure, and the whole system does not need extra power.

Drawings

Fig. 1 is a structure diagram of a plasma high-efficiency chip removal system.

In the figure: 101. stratum 102, magma pool 103, plasma arc 104, rock fused particles 105, high-pressure gas nozzle 106, ascending gas nozzle 107, primary spiral groove 108, secondary spiral groove 109, foam liquid nozzle 110 and foam liquid.

Detailed Description

As shown in figure 1, during the plasma rock breaking process, a plasma arc 103 with high temperature and high speed is ejected from the end part of a plasma drill bit, the high temperature plasma arc 103 melts a stratum 101 in an operation area and forms a rock slurry pool 102 in a molten state at the bottom of a well; a plurality of high-pressure gas nozzles 105 are distributed at the end of the drill bit, the high-pressure gas nozzles 105 intermittently eject high-pressure gas, and the high-pressure gas is directly ejected to the rock slurry pool 102 to impact the rock slurry pool 102 into rock fusion particles 104; a plurality of ascending gas nozzles 106 are distributed on the drill bit, the outlets of the ascending gas nozzles 106 are upward, and the ascending gas nozzles 106 continuously eject upward high-speed gas; the upward high velocity gas blows the rock melt particles 104 upward; under the action that the high-pressure gas nozzle 105 sprays intermittent high-pressure gas and the ascending gas nozzle 106 sprays continuous high-pressure gas, the whole plasma rock breaking operation area is free of liquid; a primary spiral groove 107 and a secondary spiral groove 108 are sequentially distributed on the drill string above the drill bit; the outer diameter of the spiral groove is equivalent to the size of a shaft; the drill stem can be distributed with multi-stage spiral grooves; the spiral groove is driven by gas in the drill column to rotate; the rock melting particles 104 move upwards under the rotation action of the spiral groove; the multi-stage spiral grooves cooperate to convey the rock melt particles 104 to the upper part of the spiral grooves; a plurality of foam liquid nozzles 109 are distributed on the pipe column above the spiral groove; the outlet of foam concentrate nozzle 109 is upward; foam concentrate nozzle 109 sprays foam concentrate 110 upwards; the rotating action of the multistage spiral groove separates a plasma working area from a foam concentrate area; the rock melting particles 104 enter the foam concentrate area and form rock particles under the cooling action of the foam concentrate 110; the rock particles are transported to the surface by the lifting action of the foam concentrate 110.

The high-pressure gas is intermittently ejected by the high-pressure gas nozzle 105, the ejection interval time is too short, and the rock is cooled by the high-pressure gas before being melted, so that the rock breaking efficiency is reduced; the injection interval is too long, and the magma pool 102 contains more molten rock, which prevents the rock from further melting; in general, the injection interval is preferably about 10s, and the injection duration is preferably 2 s.

The first-stage spiral groove 107 and the second-stage spiral groove 108 are composed of multi-head spiral grooves, and the number of the spiral heads is preferably 6-8; the circumferential angle of the single-stage spiral groove is 90-180 degrees; the multi-stage spiral grooves are connected in parallel and work cooperatively, and 2-4 stages of spiral grooves are distributed on the same drill column.

Claims

1. The utility model provides a high-efficient chip removal system of broken rock of plasma which characterized in that: in the plasma rock breaking process, the end part of a plasma drill head ejects high-temperature and high-speed plasma arcs, the high-temperature plasma arcs melt the stratum of an operation area, and a rock slurry pool in a molten state is formed at the bottom of a well; the drill bit end is distributed with a plurality of high-pressure gas nozzles which intermittently spray high-pressure gas, and the high-pressure gas is directly sprayed to the rock slurry pool to impact the rock slurry pool into rock fused particles; a plurality of ascending gas nozzles are distributed on the drill bit, outlets of the ascending gas nozzles face upwards, and the ascending gas nozzles continuously eject upward high-speed gas; the upward high-speed gas blows the rock fused particles upwards; under the action of intermittent high-pressure gas sprayed by the high-pressure gas nozzle and continuous high-pressure gas sprayed by the ascending gas nozzle, the whole plasma rock breaking operation area is free of liquid; a primary spiral groove and a secondary spiral groove are sequentially distributed on the drill stem above the drill bit; the outer diameter of the spiral groove is equivalent to the size of a shaft; the drill stem can be distributed with multi-stage spiral grooves; the spiral groove is driven by gas in the drill column to rotate; the rock fused particles move upwards under the rotation action of the spiral groove; conveying the rock fused particles to the upper part of the spiral groove under the synergistic action of the multiple spiral grooves; a plurality of foam liquid nozzles are distributed on the pipe column above the spiral groove; the outlet of the foam liquid nozzle is upward; a foam liquid nozzle sprays foam liquid upwards; the rotating action of the multistage spiral groove separates a plasma working area from a foam concentrate area; the rock fusion particles enter a foam liquid area and form rock particles under the cooling action of the foam liquid; the rock particles are transported to the ground under the lifting action of the foam liquid.

2. The plasma rock breaking efficient chip removal system according to claim 1, characterized in that: the high-pressure gas is intermittently ejected by the high-pressure gas nozzle, the ejection interval is about 10s, and the ejection duration is about 2 s; the first-stage spiral groove and the second-stage spiral groove are composed of multi-head spiral grooves, and the number of spiral heads is 6-8; the circumferential angle of the single-stage spiral groove is 90-180 degrees; the multi-stage spiral grooves are connected in parallel and work cooperatively, and 2-4 stages of spiral grooves are distributed on the same drill column.