CN112282657B - Mixed structure gas drilling bit based on preferential rock breaking in easily-broken area - Google Patents
Mixed structure gas drilling bit based on preferential rock breaking in easily-broken area Download PDFInfo
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- CN112282657B CN112282657B CN202011596218.XA CN202011596218A CN112282657B CN 112282657 B CN112282657 B CN 112282657B CN 202011596218 A CN202011596218 A CN 202011596218A CN 112282657 B CN112282657 B CN 112282657B
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- 239000011435 rock Substances 0.000 title claims abstract description 101
- 238000005553 drilling Methods 0.000 title claims abstract description 57
- 238000005507 spraying Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 34
- 229910045601 alloy Inorganic materials 0.000 claims abstract description 14
- 239000000956 alloy Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 14
- 230000003116 impacting effect Effects 0.000 claims abstract description 7
- 239000007921 spray Substances 0.000 claims description 35
- 230000036346 tooth eruption Effects 0.000 claims description 16
- 238000003466 welding Methods 0.000 claims description 5
- 229910000531 Co alloy Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 4
- 239000011159 matrix material Substances 0.000 claims description 4
- UONOETXJSWQNOL-UHFFFAOYSA-N tungsten carbide Chemical compound [W+]#[C-] UONOETXJSWQNOL-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 3
- XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N water Substances O XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 abstract description 8
- 230000015572 biosynthetic process Effects 0.000 abstract description 5
- 230000003628 erosive effect Effects 0.000 abstract description 2
- 230000009471 action Effects 0.000 description 8
- 239000012530 fluid Substances 0.000 description 7
- 238000005299 abrasion Methods 0.000 description 5
- 238000001816 cooling Methods 0.000 description 4
- 230000000694 effects Effects 0.000 description 4
- 241001391944 Commicarpus scandens Species 0.000 description 3
- 230000008859 change Effects 0.000 description 3
- 238000010276 construction Methods 0.000 description 2
- 238000010586 diagram Methods 0.000 description 2
- 229910000851 Alloy steel Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 230000009286 beneficial effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000004140 cleaning Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000007547 defect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000001125 extrusion Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000001050 lubricating effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000012986 modification Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000004048 modification Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000000737 periodic effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000002093 peripheral effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000002035 prolonged effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000000746 purification Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000009751 slip forming Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000001629 suppression Effects 0.000 description 1
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- E—FIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
- E21—EARTH OR ROCK DRILLING; MINING
- E21B—EARTH OR ROCK DRILLING; OBTAINING OIL, GAS, WATER, SOLUBLE OR MELTABLE MATERIALS OR A SLURRY OF MINERALS FROM WELLS
- E21B10/00—Drill bits
- E21B10/36—Percussion drill bits
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- E—FIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
- E21—EARTH OR ROCK DRILLING; MINING
- E21B—EARTH OR ROCK DRILLING; OBTAINING OIL, GAS, WATER, SOLUBLE OR MELTABLE MATERIALS OR A SLURRY OF MINERALS FROM WELLS
- E21B10/00—Drill bits
- E21B10/36—Percussion drill bits
- E21B10/38—Percussion drill bits characterised by conduits or nozzles for drilling fluids
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- E—FIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
- E21—EARTH OR ROCK DRILLING; MINING
- E21B—EARTH OR ROCK DRILLING; OBTAINING OIL, GAS, WATER, SOLUBLE OR MELTABLE MATERIALS OR A SLURRY OF MINERALS FROM WELLS
- E21B10/00—Drill bits
- E21B10/46—Drill bits characterised by wear resisting parts, e.g. diamond inserts
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- Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- Life Sciences & Earth Sciences (AREA)
- Geology (AREA)
- Mining & Mineral Resources (AREA)
- Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
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- Environmental & Geological Engineering (AREA)
- Fluid Mechanics (AREA)
- General Life Sciences & Earth Sciences (AREA)
- Geochemistry & Mineralogy (AREA)
- Earth Drilling (AREA)
Abstract
The invention relates to a mixed structure gas drilling bit for preferentially breaking rock based on an easily-broken region, wherein a center bit is specially designed at the bottom of a bit body, spherical hard alloy teeth with uneven sizes are embedded in the bit head and are distributed in the central region of the bottom of the bit body of 1/4 in a concentric circle structure, and the center bit can impact and break a fragile rock region in the central region of the bottom of a well, which is specially used for gas drilling. Coaxial central channels are arranged in the bit body and the upper joint, wherein two drainage channels with different jetting angles are arranged in the bit body and are jetted inwards and outwards; erosion-resistant hard alloy nozzles are arranged at the inward and outward water spraying holes, and gas is sprayed to the center and the edge of the rock at the bottom of the well through the nozzles. The invention has the characteristic of preferentially impacting and crushing the rock stratum of the easy-crushing area at the bottom of the gas drilling well; the gas drilling device is suitable for drilling hard and wear-resistant formation gas in deep wells and ultra-deep wells and geothermal wells; has the advantages of simple structure, easy processing, high drilling speed and long service life.
Description
Technical Field
The invention relates to a mixed structure gas drilling bit based on preferentially breaking rock in an easily-broken region, which is particularly suitable for gas drilling of a deep well ultra-deep well and a geothermal well hard formation.
Background
Drill bits are important tools that come into direct contact with rock during drilling operations and break it up by cutting, percussive action, etc.
PDC bits, an important type of prior art bits, are increasingly used in oil drilling, geological exploration, and construction. Because of the high temperature of the terrestrial heat of the deep well and the ultra-deep well, the grinding performance is high, the drilling speed is low, the drilling fluid performance is unstable, and the PDC teeth are easy to wear and damage under the high-temperature impact. The influence of the change of the performance of the drilling fluid can be not considered in gas drilling, the drilling speed can be improved by means of impact cutting and the like, the temperature of the drill bit and exposed rocks at the bottom of the well can be reduced by high-speed airflow and reasonable drill bit design, meanwhile, the ground stress of the rocks at the bottom of the well is suddenly changed into two-way sudden rock temperature drop and shrinkage microcracks, and the fracture area formed by the tensile stress in the central area of the rocks at the bottom of the well is greatly improved. At present, the center area of the bottom of a well of a common PDC drill bit is not provided with broken teeth, and the drill bit breaks rock from the hard position of the radial edge of the radius 1/2 of the well bottom which is not easy to break, so that the rock breaking speed is greatly reduced, and meanwhile, the vibration and impact action of the drill bit can be caused, and the abrasion of the drill bit is accelerated.
The prior art is mainly used for improving the cutting stability of the PDC drill bit, the PDC drill bit with the technical cutting teeth containing the fluid channels has the self-cooling and self-cleaning functions, and the vibration generator generates periodic micro-amplitude torsional impact, so that the stick-slip phenomenon of the drill bit is reduced; some drill bits are designed to improve the abrasion resistance of the drill bits and enable the drill bits to have a better lubricating environment, and the structural design of some drill bits adopts a valve control mode for flow distribution, so that the impact torque and the impact frequency of a torsion impactor can be greatly improved, the drilling efficiency is further improved, the connection reliability of the PDC drill bits and the drill rods can be improved, and some drill bits can also enhance the suppression effect of a drilling tool on the drill bit whirl and assist in speed increase.
However, the conventional PDC drill bit design structure is still used for the above drill bits, most of the drill bits designed in a drilling fluid drilling manner have less consideration on the mechanical properties of gas drilling and geothermal well rock, and in a geothermal high-temperature well, the conventional PDC drill bit design structure is easy to cause high abrasiveness, low drilling speed, unstable factors in drilling fluid performance, and PDC teeth are easy to be damaged by abrasion due to high-temperature impact. The center area of the bottom of the well of the conventional PDC drill bit is not provided with broken teeth, and the drill bit breaks rock from the radial position of 1/2 radius of the bottom of the well which is not easy to break, so that the rock breaking speed of the drill bit is greatly reduced, the vibration and impact action of the drill bit is caused, and the abrasion of the drill bit is accelerated.
Disclosure of Invention
The invention aims to overcome the defects of the prior art and provides a mixed structure gas drilling bit based on an easily-broken area for preferentially breaking rock.
The specific technical scheme is as follows:
the mixed structure gas drilling bit based on the preferential rock breaking of the breakable zone comprises a bit body and an upper joint;
the upper end of the drill bit body is fixedly connected with an upper joint, a main runner is arranged in the upper joint, and a hoisting groove for mounting and dismounting is arranged in the circumferential direction of the upper joint;
the cutting tool also comprises six blades which are respectively three main blades and three auxiliary blades, the main blades and the auxiliary blades are uniformly distributed on an arc-shaped expanding section at the bottom end of the bit body at intervals of 120 degrees along the circumferential direction, the bottom ends of the main blades are exposed out of the body part of the bit body and are higher than the height of the arc-shaped expanding section, the bottom ends of the auxiliary blades are exposed out of the body part of the bit body and are slightly lower than the height of the main blades, the projection distance of the main blades and the auxiliary blades is half of the diameter of the drill bit, and PDC cutting teeth are embedded and welded on the main blades and the auxiliary blades according to the blade trajectory;
a central drill bit for impacting crushed rock is arranged in the center of the bottom end of the drill bit body, and a plurality of main blades are arranged around the central drill bit; spherical hard alloy teeth with uneven sizes are embedded on the central drill bit and are higher than PDC cutting teeth on the crown part of the main blade;
a flow channel center is arranged in the drill bit body, the flow channel center is in a trapezoidal design, the upper end of the flow channel center is communicated with the main flow channel, the tail end of the flow channel center is connected with the inward spraying flow channel and the outward spraying flow channel, the inward spraying flow channel and the outward spraying flow channel are distributed in an angle of 60 degrees, an inward spray head is arranged at the tail end of the inward spraying flow channel, and an outward spray head is arranged at the tail end of the outward spraying flow channel; the inward spray heads are distributed around the central drill bit, and gas is sprayed to the central area of the rock at the bottom of the well through the inward spray heads through the inward jet flow channels; the outward spray heads are distributed around the main blade, and the gas is sprayed to the rock edge area at the bottom of the well through the outward spray heads through the outward spray channels.
The inward spray head is provided with an inward spray hole, and the outward spray head is provided with an outward spray hole.
The bottom of the central drill bit is radially and non-uniformly distributed with spherical hard alloy teeth according to concentric circles.
And welding wear-resistant circumferential gauge teeth on the circumferential outer side of the drill bit body.
The upper joint is fixedly connected with the drill bit body through a welding pin, and a tungsten carbide cobalt alloy matrix is arranged in the inner cavity of the drill bit body.
The basic principle of the mixed structure gas drilling bit based on preferential rock breaking in the breakable zone is as follows: the pressure of a gas drilling string is very small and can be ignored, the rock at the bottom of a well is in a two-way stress state, the vertical ground stress effect is avoided, the rock in the central area is extruded to be protruded upwards and bear certain tensile stress, the gas drilling string belongs to the rock in the area which is easy to damage, and the gas drilling string is an important breakthrough for continuously damaging the rock. The center of the bottom of the drill bit body is specially provided with a spherical hard alloy tooth with a central drill bit and the capability of impacting crushed rocks, and the central area of the rocks is provided with a large pit by impacting geothermal rocks. When the rock center pit at the bottom of the well appears, the edge of the ground stress action pit is protruded and the prior tensile stress surface is easier to break, PDC cutting teeth are designed at the edge part of the drill bit, the rock at the edge of the pit is cut obliquely, the radius and the depth of the pit are continuously enlarged, and the diameter of the required well hole is finally formed through the combined action of the gauge protection teeth. The temperature of the drill bit body, the cutting teeth and the bottom rock is reduced by large-discharge high-speed airflow in gas drilling, so that the bottom rock is cooled and shrunk to generate microcracks, a rock easily-broken area is formed, and the rock breaking efficiency of the drill bit is improved. Generally, the new drill bit is divided into two areas, a group of impact teeth are added in the middle area, 3 groups of teeth are formed by converging PDC cutting teeth and gauge protection teeth, and the central drill bit is located in the central area of the bottom end 1/4 of the drill bit body and is highest in projection; the edge is three rows of teeth with arc-shaped sections and planes, and the edge of the drill bit is the lowest; 6 water holes are elaborately designed, and three inward water spraying holes are sprayed to the center position of rock impacted by the drill bit, so that the temperature of the central area of the rock at the bottom of the well is reduced, rock debris in a central easily-crushed area is cleaned, and spherical hard alloy cutting teeth are cooled; the three outward water spraying holes spray to the edge of the rock at the bottom of the well outside the drill bit to clean the cutting teeth of the drill bit and cool the cutting teeth, and the jet flow rate is higher due to the design that the inside of the nozzle is of a necking structure.
The beneficial technical effects of the invention are as follows:
1. the invention has the advantages that the design of preferentially crushing the central area of the rock at the bottom of the well can be used for drilling hard stratum in gas drilling, the drilling efficiency is improved, and the difficulties of low drilling speed, short service life and large temperature influence of the conventional PDC drill bit are overcome.
2. The bottom end of the drill bit body of the drill bit is specially and innovatively designed with a central drill bit for impacting crushed rocks, spherical hard alloy teeth with uneven sizes are embedded in the central drill bit and are higher than PDC cutting teeth on the crown part of the main blade, rocks in the central area of the bottom of the well can be impacted and crushed preferentially, rocks in a fragile area are formed, the whole drilling efficiency is improved, and the service life is prolonged.
3. The drill bit body of the drill bit is internally provided with a flow passage center, the flow passage center is designed in a ladder shape, an inward spraying flow passage and an outward spraying flow passage are distributed at an angle of 60 degrees, wherein gas is sprayed to a rock central area through a nozzle by the inward spraying flow passage, and is sprayed to a rock edge area at the bottom of the drill bit body through the nozzle by the outward spraying flow passage, the inward spraying hole mainly acts on spraying air flow inwards to wash rock debris in the central area at the bottom of the drill bit body and cool spherical hard alloy teeth on the drill bit at the center of the bottom of the drill bit body, and the outward spraying hole mainly acts on spraying air flow outwards to wash rock debris in the edge area of a drilling surface, cool PDC cutting teeth and wear-resistant circumferential gauge teeth and carry the rock debris back to the well mouth, so that the cooling effect of the teeth on the drill bit body and surrounding rocks at the bottom of the drill bit is improved by the.
4. Conventional well drilling pit shaft rock receives three-dimensional country rock effort middle part and does not bear the confined pressure, and mainly vertical stress is smaller, and the rock that has the confined pressure receives the biggest and middle principal stress effect, and toughness is great, hardly destroys, and the middle part receives tensile, cuts can be the fragility, belongs to easy before then difficult, and conventional drill bit destroys the country rock at first, belongs to the difficult rock of boring earlier, can cause the continuous wearing and tearing of drill bit to become invalid like this. According to the principle that rocks are easily subjected to shear damage, the middle part is preferentially subjected to shear damage, then the diameter of the rock is gradually expanded outwards, the drilling rule that the rock is easy to drill first and difficult to drill later is achieved, and the drill provided by the invention firstly damages the middle part and then damages the rocks at the peripheral edges.
5. The drill bit provided by the invention has the advantages of simple structure, high efficiency and easiness in processing, can be used for drilling various stratums, and is particularly suitable for deep well ultra-deep wells and geothermal wells hard wear-resistant stratums.
Drawings
In order to more clearly illustrate the embodiments of the present invention or the technical solutions in the prior art, the drawings used in the description of the embodiments or the prior art will be briefly described below, and it is obvious that the drawings in the following description are only some embodiments of the present invention, and for those skilled in the art, other drawings can be obtained according to these drawings without creative efforts.
FIG. 1 is a schematic diagram of the construction of a drill bit according to the present invention;
FIG. 2 is a cross-sectional view of a drill bit according to the present invention;
FIG. 3 is a schematic diagram of conventional PDC bits drilling into the lower and middle rock formation;
FIG. 4 is a schematic view of a central region of downhole rock in which gas drilling may occur;
FIG. 5 is a schematic view of a frangible zone impact cut to form a small cratered wellbore;
FIG. 6 is a schematic view of the formation of a central region of a drill impact ground geothermal rock;
FIG. 7 is a schematic view of the formation of rock in the lower middle portion of the drill bit of the present invention.
Description of reference numerals: 1-main blade; 2-inward water spraying holes; 3-spraying water holes outwards; 4-PDC cutters; 5-a central drill bit; 6-spherical hard alloy teeth; 7-auxiliary blade; 8-a main runner; 9-welding pins; 10-the centre of the flow channel; 11-outward spray flow channel; 12-outward spray head; 13-inward spray head; 14-inward spray flow channel; 15-arc expanding section; 16-a bit body; 17-wear-resistant circumferential gauge teeth; 18-tungsten carbide cobalt alloy matrix; 19-hoisting the groove; 20-upper joint; 21-formation; 22-wellbore-forming end face; 23-a portion of a well section; 24-breakable zone rock; 25-hard rock at the edges.
Detailed Description
The technical solutions in the embodiments of the present invention will be clearly and completely described below with reference to the drawings in the embodiments of the present invention, and it is obvious that the described embodiments are only a part of the embodiments of the present invention, and not all of the embodiments. All other embodiments, which can be derived by a person skilled in the art from the embodiments given herein without making any creative effort, shall fall within the protection scope of the present invention.
As shown in fig. 1 and 2, the mixed structure gas drilling bit based on the preferential rock breaking of the breakable area comprises a bit body 16 and an upper joint 20;
the upper end of the bit body 16 is fixedly connected with an upper connector 20, a main flow passage 8 is arranged in the upper connector 20, and a hoisting groove 19 for mounting and dismounting is arranged on the periphery of the upper connector 20;
the cutting tool also comprises six blades which are respectively three main blades 1 and three auxiliary blades 7, the main blades 1 and the auxiliary blades 7 are uniformly distributed on an arc-shaped expanding section 15 at the bottom end of the bit body 16 at intervals of 120 degrees along the circumferential direction, the bottom end of the main blade 1 is exposed out of the body part of the bit body 16 and is higher than the arc-shaped expanding section 15, the bottom end of the auxiliary blade 7 is exposed out of the body part of the bit body 16 and is slightly lower than the height of the main blades 1, the projection distance of the main blades 1 and the auxiliary blades 7 is half of the diameter of the drill bit, and PDC cutting teeth 4 are welded on the main blades 1 and the auxiliary blades 7 in a cutting mode according to blade trajectory lines;
a central drill bit 5 for impacting crushed rock is specially arranged in the center of the bottom end of the drill bit body 16, and three main blades 1 are arranged around the central drill bit 5; spherical hard alloy teeth 6 with uneven sizes are embedded in the central drill bit 5 and are higher than the PDC cutting teeth 4 on the crown part of the main blade 1, and impact crushing is preferentially carried out on rocks in the central area of the bottom of the gas drilling well;
a flow channel center 10 is arranged in the bit body 16, the flow channel center 10 is designed in a trapezoid shape, the upper end of the flow channel center 10 is communicated with the main flow channel 8, the tail end of the flow channel center 10 is connected with an inward spraying flow channel 14 and an outward spraying flow channel 11, the inward spraying flow channel 14 and the outward spraying flow channel 11 are distributed in an angle of 60 degrees, an inward spray head 13 is arranged at the tail end of the inward spraying flow channel 14, and an outward spray head 12 is arranged at the tail end of the outward spraying flow channel; the inward nozzles 13 are distributed around the central drill bit 5, and gas is sprayed to the central area of the rock at the bottom of the well through the inward spray flow channel 14 and the inward nozzles 13; outward nozzles 12 are distributed around the main blade 1 and gas is injected through the outward nozzle flow path 11 towards the bottom hole rock edge area through the outward nozzles 12.
The inward spray head 13 is provided with an inward spray hole 2, and the outward spray head 12 is provided with an outward spray hole 3; the nozzle is made of erosion-resistant hard alloy steel and is fixed with the bit body 16 in a thread matching mode, and the design of an internal necking structure enables the outlet flow velocity to be increased so as to better impact the broken rock debris at the bottom of the gas drilling well.
The inward water spray holes 2 are mainly used for spraying air flow to impact and purify rock debris in the central area of the well bottom and cooling the central drill bit 5 at the bottom of the drill bit body 16, the outward water spray holes 3 are mainly used for spraying air flow to impact and purify rock debris in the edge area of the well bottom, cooling PDC cutting teeth 4 and wear-resistant circumferential gauge teeth 17 and carrying the rock debris back out of the well top, and the air flow spraying at different jetting angles is used for improving the whole drilling efficiency of the drill bit, the rock debris purification degree and the service life of the drill bit.
The bottom of the central drill bit 5 is radially and non-uniformly distributed with spherical hard alloy teeth 6 according to concentric circles;
and the wear-resistant circumferential gauge teeth 17 are welded on the circumferential outer side of the bit body 16.
The upper joint 20 is fixedly connected with the bit body 16 through the welding pins 9, and a tungsten carbide cobalt alloy matrix 18 is arranged in the inner cavity of the bit body 16.
As shown in figures 3 and 4, due to the high temperature of the earth heat, the abrasiveness is high, the drilling speed is low, the drilling fluid performance is unstable, the PDC teeth are easy to wear and damage by high temperature impact, but the bottom center area of the conventional PDC drill bit is not provided with broken teeth, the drill bit breaks rocks from the position which is not easy to break at the bottom of the well, the rock breaking speed is greatly reduced, the vibration and impact action of the drill bit are caused, the abrasion of the drill bit is accelerated, the gas drilling has the advantages that the tensile stress of the 1/4 area of the bottom center area of the rock at the bottom of the well can be formed, the microcrack fragile area.
As shown in figure 5, the gas drilling can not consider the influence of the change of the drilling fluid performance, the drilling speed can be improved by means of impact cutting and the like, the temperature of exposed rocks at the drill bit body and the bottom of the well can be reduced by high-speed airflow and reasonable drill bit design, meanwhile, the bottom of the well rocks suddenly change into two-way sudden temperature drop and shrinkage micro-crack of the rocks in the ground stress, the tensile stress of the center area of the bottom of the well rocks is greatly improved to form a fragile area, the fragile area breaks through the fragile area, firstly, the small pit-shaped well hole is formed by impact cutting in the fragile area, the low-stress tensile failure surface is continuously formed on the outer wall surface of the pit due to the extrusion of the ground stress, the PDC teeth of the drill bit are in point contact with the well wall and.
As shown in figure 6, the pressure of the gas drilling drill string is negligible, the rock at the bottom of the well is under the action of two-way ground stress, no vertical ground stress is acted, the rock in the central area is extruded to be convex upwards and is subjected to certain tensile stress, and the rock in the area which is easy to damage is a breakthrough for continuously breaking the rock. The drill bit provided by the invention is characterized in that a central drill bit with an impact crushing function is innovatively designed at the bottom of the drill bit, spherical hard alloy impact teeth with uneven sizes are embedded on the central drill bit, so that the surface of a rock is broken through to grind geothermal rocks, a large pit appears in a central area, and then surrounding rocks are cut to form a complete borehole.
As shown in FIG. 7, the PDC drill bit of the present invention is shown to be cut and expanded in diameter by expanding the diameter from the edge, so that the internal rock is gradually cut and returned to the bottom of the well. Simultaneously, after the well bottom rock center hole appeared, also the same ground stress action hole edge protrusion and the preceding tensile stress face of drawing is changeed breakage, in the rest of drill bit, design PDC shear tooth, slope cutting hole edge rock, constantly enlarge pit radius and degree of depth and finally form and require well bore diameter, high-speed big discharge air current reduces drill bit and well bottom rock temperature on the one hand, makes rock shrinkage produce the crazing line, forms the breakable region of rock, and on the other hand carries broken rock bits to return the well head.
It will be understood by those skilled in the art that, unless otherwise defined, all terms (including technical and scientific terms) used herein have the same meaning as commonly understood by one of ordinary skill in the art to which this invention belongs. It will be further understood that terms, such as those defined in commonly used dictionaries, should be interpreted as having a meaning that is consistent with their meaning in the context of the prior art and will not be interpreted in an idealized or overly formal sense unless expressly so defined herein.
Finally, it should be noted that: although the present invention has been described in detail with reference to the above embodiments, it should be understood by those skilled in the art that: modifications and equivalents may be made thereto without departing from the spirit and scope of the invention and it is intended to cover in the claims the invention as defined in the appended claims.
Claims (3)
1. The mixed structure gas drilling bit based on the breakable zone preferentially breaks rock is characterized by comprising a bit body (16) and an upper connector (20);
the upper end of the bit body (16) is fixed with an upper joint (20), a main flow passage (8) is arranged in the upper joint (20), and a hoisting groove (19) for mounting and dismounting is arranged in the circumferential direction of the upper joint (20);
the cutting tool also comprises six blades which are respectively three main blades (1) and three auxiliary blades (7), the main blades (1) and the auxiliary blades (7) are uniformly distributed on an arc-shaped expanding section (15) at the bottom end of the bit body (16) at intervals of 120 degrees along the circumferential direction, the bottom end of the main blade (1) is exposed out of the body part of the bit body (16) and is higher than the height of the arc-shaped expanding section (15), the bottom end of the auxiliary blade (7) is exposed out of the body part of the bit body (16) and is slightly lower than the height of the main blade (1), the projection distance of the main blade (1) and the auxiliary blade (7) is half of the diameter of the bit, and PDC cutting teeth (4) are welded on the main blade (1) and the auxiliary blade (7) according to the blade trajectory;
a central drill bit (5) for impacting crushed rock is arranged in the center of the bottom end of the drill bit body (16), and three main blades (1) are arranged around the central drill bit (5); spherical hard alloy teeth (6) with uneven sizes are embedded in the central drill bit (5) and are higher than PDC cutting teeth (4) on the crown part of the main blade (1), and rock in the central area of the bottom of the gas drilling well is preferentially impacted and crushed;
a flow channel center (10) is arranged in the drill bit body (16), the flow channel center (10) is designed in a trapezoidal shape, the upper end of the flow channel center is communicated with the main flow channel (8), the tail end of the flow channel center (10) is connected with an inward spraying flow channel (14) and an outward spraying flow channel (11), the inward spraying flow channel (14) and the outward spraying flow channel (11) are distributed in an angle of 60 degrees, an inward spray head (13) is arranged at the tail end of the inward spraying flow channel (14), and an outward spray head (12) is arranged at the tail end of the outward spraying flow channel (11); the inward nozzles (13) are distributed around the central drill bit (5), and gas is sprayed to the central area of the rock at the bottom of the well through the inward spray flow channel (14) and the inward nozzles (13); the outward spray heads (12) are distributed around the main blade (1), and gas is sprayed to the edge area of rock at the bottom of the well through the outward spray flow channel (11) and the outward spray heads (12);
the inward spray head (13) is provided with an inward spray hole (2), and the outward spray head (12) is provided with an outward spray hole (3);
the bottom of the central drill bit (5) is provided with spherical hard alloy teeth (6) which are non-uniformly distributed in the radial direction of a concentric circle.
2. The mixed-structure gas drilling bit based on preferential breaking of rock in the breakable area according to claim 1, characterized in that the circumferential outer side of the bit body (16) is welded with wear-resistant circumferential gauge teeth (17).
3. The mixed structure gas drilling bit based on the breakable zone for preferentially breaking rock as claimed in claim 1, wherein the upper connector (20) is fixedly connected with the bit body (16) through a welding pin (9), and a tungsten carbide cobalt alloy matrix (18) is arranged in the inner cavity of the bit body (16).
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| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
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| CN202011596218.XA CN112282657B (en) | 2020-12-29 | 2020-12-29 | Mixed structure gas drilling bit based on preferential rock breaking in easily-broken area |
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| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
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| CN202011596218.XA CN112282657B (en) | 2020-12-29 | 2020-12-29 | Mixed structure gas drilling bit based on preferential rock breaking in easily-broken area |
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| CN112282657A CN112282657A (en) | 2021-01-29 |
| CN112282657B true CN112282657B (en) | 2021-04-27 |
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| CN201835751U (en) * | 2010-10-18 | 2011-05-18 | 中国石油化工集团公司 | Drill bit of gauge protection air hammer |
| US9364936B2 (en) * | 2011-10-12 | 2016-06-14 | National Oilwell DHT, L.P. | Dispersion of hardphase particles in an infiltrant |
| US9938774B2 (en) * | 2012-11-09 | 2018-04-10 | Center Rock Inc. | Non-rotating drill bit for a down-the-hole drill hammer |
| CN203835273U (en) * | 2013-12-23 | 2014-09-17 | 中海油安全技术服务有限公司 | Air hammer drill bit with protective surfaces embedded with PDC cutting teeth |
| WO2015175285A1 (en) * | 2014-05-15 | 2015-11-19 | Dover Bmcs Acquisition Corp. | Percussion drill bit with at least one wear insert, related systems, and methods |
| KR101627822B1 (en) * | 2014-09-19 | 2016-06-07 | 광성지엠(주) | Reverse circulation drilling apparatus having a casing |
| CN204920799U (en) * | 2015-09-16 | 2015-12-30 | 中国石油集团川庆钻探工程有限公司 | Self-sealing anti-falling reverse circulation air hammer drill bit |
| CN105089504A (en) * | 2015-09-16 | 2015-11-25 | 中国石油集团川庆钻探工程有限公司 | Reverse circulation air hammer drill bit with anti-falling function |
| CN207177740U (en) * | 2017-08-22 | 2018-04-03 | 中国石油天然气集团公司 | Impactor drill bit |
| CN107842317B (en) * | 2017-11-27 | 2019-07-30 | 中煤科工集团西安研究院有限公司 | Hard-rock boring punching composite drill bit |
| CN108625791A (en) * | 2018-06-19 | 2018-10-09 | 吉林大学 | The strong cold mould hot dry rock Pneumatic down-hole hammer bit of heel teeth |
| CN109930998A (en) * | 2019-05-07 | 2019-06-25 | 刘伟 | A kind of PDC drill bit rock crushing tool |
| CN111255383A (en) * | 2020-03-31 | 2020-06-09 | 西南石油大学 | Dysmorphism gradual change formula geophysical prospecting drill bit runner structure |
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2020
- 2020-12-29 CN CN202011596218.XA patent/CN112282657B/en active Active
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