CN112725971A

CN112725971A - Heat-insulating yarn

Info

Publication number: CN112725971A
Application number: CN202011396341.7A
Authority: CN
Inventors: 刘佳明; 李竹君; 杨友红; 黄锦培; 张媚
Original assignee: Guangdong Vocational and Technical College
Current assignee: Guangdong Vocational and Technical College
Priority date: 2020-12-03
Filing date: 2020-12-03
Publication date: 2021-04-30
Anticipated expiration: 2040-12-03
Also published as: CN112725971B

Abstract

The invention discloses a heat insulation yarn, which comprises a core yarn and a wool yarn, wherein the core yarn comprises two folded yarns, the two folded yarns are mutually wound and clamped at the middle part of the wool yarn through twisting, two ends of the wool yarn are scattered towards the periphery of the core yarn, the length of the wool yarn is 1.5mm-5mm, and the distribution density of the wool yarn along the axial direction of the heat insulation yarn is 30-60 pieces/cm. Through core yarn centre gripping pile yarn, the knitting wool distributes around thermal-insulated yarn axis, and has certain interval between the pile yarn to form and to store more and more stable still air's hole, make the heat-proof quality of yarn promote. Within the length range of the wool yarns, the wool yarns are not easy to fall down, effective pores are more stable, and the long-term effective heat insulation effect can be achieved. Under this distribution density, the space between the pile yarns forms a large amount of effective pores beneficial to improving the heat insulation effect of the yarns, and the effective pores use the central axis of the yarns as the center to exist all directions around the yarns, so that the heat insulation effect of the yarns can be effectively improved.

Description

Heat-insulating yarn

Technical Field

The invention relates to the technical field of yarns, in particular to a heat-insulating yarn.

Background

Thermal insulation yarn in order to improve the thermal insulation performance of textile, usually from the viewpoint of fabric structure and fabric composition, the common methods include: 1. the thickness of the fabric is increased, and the heat insulation performance is improved; 2. the fabric with a hollow structure is adopted, and the heat insulation performance is improved by utilizing the characteristic of low air heat conductivity coefficient; 3. the metal coating is adopted to reflect heat energy, so that the heat insulation performance of the fabric is improved. However, the above three ways increase the weight of the textile, thereby reducing the wearing comfort of the textile.

The invention patent with patent publication No. CN 1054208668B discloses a high-strength flame-retardant protective yarn, which is characterized in that a filament reinforcing layer, a fiber heat-insulating layer and a fiber protective layer are sequentially arranged on the yarn from inside to outside from the dimension of the yarn, wherein the fiber heat-insulating layer is formed by blending fine denier polyimide with the fineness of 0.5-1.5D, normal polyimide with the fineness of 1.5-2.5D and coarse denier polyimide with the fineness of 2.5-6D, the yarn mainly adopts polyimide fiber as a yarn main body, the polyimide has extremely low heat conductivity and excellent flame retardance and is a good flame-retardant and heat-insulating material, in addition, the yarn with a three-layer structure is adopted, and the thickness of the heat insulation layer and the pores among fibers of the heat insulation layer are increased by adding the coarse denier polyimide, so that the capacity of storing static air is improved, and the heat insulation effect of the yarn is improved. However, the technical scheme adopts a conventional yarn structure, including ring spinning, compact spinning, vortex spinning, rotor spinning, siro spinning and the patent yarn prepared by the improved spinning modes including core-spun yarns, fasciated yarns and the like, and because the yarn structure is compact, the porosity among yarn fibers is extremely low; and the protective layer is wrapped outside the thermal insulation layer, the protective layer compresses the fiber of the thermal insulation layer, the porosity of the yarn is further reduced, the thermal insulation effect is poor, and the durability is difficult.

Disclosure of Invention

A fiber is defined as a relatively flexible, macroscopically homogeneous body having a high ratio of length to width of cross-sectional area perpendicular to the length. The fiber is divided into short fiber and filament according to the length, the short fiber generally means the fiber length is between 10-300mm, the preferred short fiber length is 25-100mm, the filament means the fiber with the continuous length reaching hundreds of meters or even longer, the fiber mentioned in the invention can be short fiber or filament, and can also be the mixture of short fiber and filament.

The invention discloses a heat insulation yarn, which aims to solve one or more technical problems in the prior art and at least provides a beneficial selection or creation condition.

The heat insulation yarn comprises a core yarn and a wool yarn, wherein the core yarn comprises two plied yarns, the two plied yarns are mutually wound and clamped at the middle part of the wool yarn through twisting, two ends of the wool yarn are scattered towards the periphery of the core yarn, the length of the wool yarn is 1.5mm-5mm, and the distribution density of the wool yarn along the axial direction of the heat insulation yarn is 30-60 pieces/cm.

In order to better improve the heat insulation effect of the heat insulation yarns, the core yarns are used for clamping the wool yarns, the wool yarns are distributed around the axis of the heat insulation yarns, and a certain interval exists between the wool yarns, so that more pores capable of storing more stable static air are formed, and the heat insulation performance of the yarns is improved.

The pile yarn length refers to the length between two end points after the pile yarn is straightened. The length of the wool yarn is 1.5mm-5mm, and in the length range of the wool yarn, the wool yarn is not easy to fall down, the effective pores are more stable, and the long-term effective heat insulation effect can be achieved. Although the fibers are flexible and elongate bodies, the fibers also exhibit the characteristic of being stiff and not prone to collapse as the aspect ratio of the fibers decreases. The length of the pile yarn is between 1.5mm and 5mm, and the middle part of the pile yarn is held by the core yarn, so that the length of the pile yarn protruding out of the core yarn is between 0.5mm and 2mm, and the pile yarn presents stable upright property. However, if the length of the fluff is less than 1.5mm, the fluff is easy to fall off and the fluff is not uniformly distributed because the core yarn is too short and the core yarn is difficult to hold, and the length of the fluff is too short, so that effective pores formed among the fluff yarns are reduced, which is not beneficial to improving the heat insulation performance; when the length of the wool yarn is more than 5mm, because the fiber has good flexibility, the fiber falls down, but the fiber is not beneficial to the loosening among the wool, the porosity of the yarn is reduced, and therefore the heat insulation performance of the heat insulation yarn is unstable and not efficient.

The distribution density of the pile yarns along the axial direction of the heat insulation yarns is 30-60 pieces/cm, a certain distance exists between the pile yarns under the distribution density, the distance between the pile yarns forms a large number of effective pores beneficial to improving the heat insulation effect of the yarns, and the effective pores take the central axis of the yarns as the center to exist in all directions around the yarns, so that the heat insulation effect of the yarns can be effectively improved. When the distribution density is more than 60 threads/cm, the distance between the knitting wool is compressed, the effective pores are reduced, the heat insulation performance of the yarn is affected, and the adverse effects such as long processing time, yarn linting and the like are brought to the yarn manufacturing and yarn quality. When distribution density is less than 30 pieces/cm, the interval is too big between the fine hair yarn, and the yarn interval that forms this moment is too big, can cause the air to flow, is unfavorable for the storage of still air to low distribution density excessively makes the fine hair yarn lack the support each other, and the fine hair yarn falls easily, is unfavorable for the promotion of long-term stable heat-proof quality.

Further, the length of the wool yarns is 2mm-3.5mm, and the distribution density of the wool yarns along the axial direction of the heat insulation yarns is 35-50 yarns/cm; preferably, the distribution density of the wool yarns along the axial direction of the heat insulation yarn is 35-45 pieces/cm.

Further, the linear density of the core yarn is 10tex to 60 tex; preferably, the linear density of the core yarn is 20tex to 30 tex. .

Further, the linear density of the wool yarns is 10tex-65 tex; preferably, the linear density of the pile yarns is 10tex-20 tex.

Further, the core yarn accounts for 20-45 wt% of the heat insulation yarn in percentage by mass; preferably, the core yarn accounts for 20-35% of the heat insulation yarn by mass.

Further, the core yarn comprises:

95-99 wt% of polyimide fiber

1-5 wt% of antistatic fiber.

Polyimide (I): the polyimide fiber is a fiber formed by spinning the polymer, and has excellent flame retardant and high temperature resistance.

The core yarn contains 1-5 wt% of antistatic fiber, so that the antistatic effect of the yarn can be improved, and more importantly, the problem of low yarn quality caused by high static electricity of the polyimide fiber in the spinning process can be solved.

Further, the folded yarn comprises two single yarns, the twisting direction of the single yarns is Z twisting, the twisting direction of the folded yarn is Z twisting, and the twisting direction of the heat insulation yarn is S twisting.

Single yarn: comprising spun yarns and all composite yarns comprising spun yarns. The short fiber yarn is short fiber polymer which is formed by combing, drafting and twisting short fibers and has certain strength and can be woven, and the length of the short fibers is generally between 10 and 300 mm. Generally, spun yarns include yarns prepared by spinning methods such as ring spinning, spiny spinning, compact spinning, siro spinning, compact siro spinning, air-jet spinning, vortex spinning, and air-jet spinning. Compared with filaments, the spun yarn has concave-convex twist due to twisting, the surface of the spun yarn is provided with a certain amount of dispersed fibers protruding out of the yarn main body, the spun yarn has a rougher surface, and the spun yarn and the composite yarn containing the spun yarn are adopted as core yarns to better hold the pile yarns, so that hair falling is prevented.

Strand: the strand refers to a fiber aggregate formed by twisting and plying 2 or more single yarns and/or filaments. The folded yarn has more excellent strength and more stable structure compared with single yarn, and the folded yarn is used as the core yarn, so that the strength of the heat-insulating yarn can be ensured, and the physical and mechanical properties of the yarn can be improved. The plied yarn made of two single yarns can improve the physical and mechanical properties of the heat-insulating yarn and reduce the weight of the core yarn, thereby being beneficial to increasing the proportion of the wool yarn in the yarn and improving the heat-insulating property of the yarn; and the lower weight of the core yarn can be beneficial to the preparation of thinner high-count heat-insulating yarn.

Twisting direction: the direction of yarn twisting is s-twist, and the direction of twisted fiber is inclined from the upper left to the lower right, and the direction of twisted fiber is Z-twist.

The twisted yarn adopts the same twisting direction as the single yarn, has higher resilience, can generate larger clamping force, better clamps the wool yarn, and ensures the stability of heat-insulating property; and the twist of the yarn can be more stable by utilizing the rebound resilience, the yarn distortion is reduced, the formed heat insulation yarn is easier to weave, and the comfort level of the formed fabric and clothes is better.

Further, the core yarn and/or the pile yarn are/is doped with flame-retardant fibers, and the flame-retardant fibers are selected from at least one of flame-retardant viscose fibers, flame-retardant vinylon fibers, flame-retardant acrylic fibers, meta-aramid fibers, polyimide fibers and polysulfonamide fibers. Further, the limit oxygen index of the heat insulation yarn is more than or equal to 28%.

Flame retardant fibers are fibers that do not support flame combustion in air. Typically, flame retardant fibers have a limiting oxygen index of 21% or greater. Common flame-retardant fibers comprise flame-retardant terylene, flame-retardant nylon, flame-retardant viscose, flame-retardant vinylon, flame-retardant acrylic fibers, aramid fibers, polyimide, polysulfonamide and the like, and fibers which enable conventional non-flame-retardant fibers to have a flame-retardant effect through a post-finishing mode. The preferred flame-retardant fiber is a non-melt-drip flame-retardant fiber, the limit oxygen index of the non-melt-drip flame-retardant fiber is larger than 22%, and the fiber does not melt and drip under the action of high temperature or flame. The non-melt-drip flame-retardant fiber can not cause secondary damage to human bodies under the action of high temperature or flame because of non-melt drip while ensuring the flame-retardant effect of the heat-insulating yarn. Common melt-drip-free flame-retardant fibers comprise flame-retardant viscose fibers, flame-retardant vinylon fibers, flame-retardant acrylic fibers, meta-aramid fibers, polyimide fibers, polysulfonamide fibers and the like. Further preferred flame retardant fibers are melt-drip-free flame retardant fibers having a limiting oxygen index of 28% or more, and include meta-aramid fibers, polyimide fibers, polysulfonamide fibers, and the like.

Detailed Description

In order to make the objects, technical solutions and advantages of the present invention more apparent, the present invention will be described in further detail below.

Example 1: the core yarn adopts 2 flame-retardant cellulose fiber spun yarn plied yarns with 36s/2 limiting oxygen index of 30 percent, the fluff adopts polyimide fibers with the fineness of 1.5dtex, the height of the fluff is 3mm, the density of the fluff is 400 pieces/mm, the mass ratio of the core yarn to the fluff is 28:72, and the fancy yarn with the yarn thickness of 4NM is prepared.

Example 2: the core yarn adopts 2 flame-retardant cellulose fiber spun yarn plied yarns with 36s/2 and 30 percent of limiting oxygen index, the fluff adopts meta-aramid fiber with the fineness of 1.5dtex, the height of the fluff is 3mm, the density of the fluff is 400/mm, the mass ratio of the core yarn to the fluff is 28:72, and the fancy yarn with the yarn thickness of 4NM is prepared.

Example 3: the core yarn adopts 2 flame-retardant cellulose fiber spun yarn plied yarns with 36s/2 and 30 percent of limiting oxygen index, the fluff adopts flame-retardant cellulose fiber with the fineness of 1.5dtex, the height of the fluff is 3mm, the density of the fluff is 400/mm, the mass ratio of the core yarn to the fluff is 28:72, and the fancy yarn with the yarn thickness of 4NM is prepared.

Example 4: the core yarn adopts 2 cotton spun yarn plied yarns of 36s/2, the fluff adopts polyimide with the fineness of 1.5dtex, the height of the fluff is 3mm, the density of the fluff is 400 pieces/mm, the mass ratio of the core yarn to the fluff is 28:72, and the fancy yarn with the yarn thickness of 4NM is prepared.

Example 5: the core yarn adopts 2 flame-retardant cellulose fiber spun yarn strands with 36s/2 and the limiting oxygen index of 30%, the fluff adopts 1.5dtex polyimide with 70% of fineness and 1.5dtex flame-retardant cellulose fiber with 30% of fineness, the height of the fluff is 3mm, the density of the fluff is 400 pieces/mm, the mass ratio of the core yarn to the fluff is 28:72, and the fancy yarn with the yarn thickness of 4NM is prepared.

Example 6: the core yarn adopts 2 flame-retardant cellulose fiber spun yarn strands with 36s/2 and the limiting oxygen index of 30%, the fluff adopts polyimide with 70% of titer of 1.5dtex and non-flame-retardant cellulose fiber with 30% of titer of 1.5dtex, the height of the fluff is 3mm, the density of the fluff is 400 pieces/mm, the mass ratio of the core yarn to the fluff is 28:72, and the fancy yarn with the yarn thickness of 4NM is prepared.

Example 7: the core yarn adopts 2 flame-retardant cellulose fiber spun yarn compound yarns with 36s/2 and the limiting oxygen index of 30 percent, the fluff adopts polyimide fibers with the fineness of 1dtex, the height of the fluff is 3mm, the density of the fluff is 600 pieces/mm, the mass ratio of the core yarn to the fluff is 28:72, and the fancy yarn with the yarn thickness of 4NM is prepared.

Example 8: the core yarn adopts 2 flame-retardant cellulose fiber spun yarn compound yarns with 36s/2 and the limiting oxygen index of 30 percent, the fluff adopts polyimide fibers with the fineness of 3dtex, the height of the fluff is 1mm, the density of the fluff is 600 pieces/mm, the mass ratio of the core yarn to the fluff is 28:72, and the fancy yarn with the yarn thickness of 4NM is prepared.

Example 9: the core yarn adopts 2 flame-retardant cellulose fiber spun yarn plied yarns with 28s/2 and the limiting oxygen index of 30 percent, the fluff adopts meta-aramid fiber with the fineness of 1.5dtex, the height of the fluff is 3mm, the density of the fluff is 360 pieces/mm, the mass ratio of the core yarn to the fluff is 35:65, and the fancy yarn with the yarn thickness of 4NM is prepared.

Example 10: the core yarn adopts 2 flame-retardant cellulose fiber spun yarn folded yarns with 28s/2 and the limiting oxygen index of 30 percent, the fluff adopts meta-aramid fiber with the fineness of 1.5dtex, the height of the fluff is 2mm, the density of the fluff is 540 pieces/mm, and the mass ratio of the core yarn to the fluff is that the fancy yarn with the yarn thickness of 4NM is prepared.

Example 11: the core yarn is 2 flame-retardant cellulose fiber spun yarns with 36s/1 limiting oxygen index of 30%, the fluff is polyimide fiber with fineness of 1.5dtex, the height of the fluff is 1.5mm, the density of the fluff is 400/mm, the mass ratio of the core yarn to the fluff is 28:72, and the fancy yarn with the yarn thickness of 8NM is prepared.

Example 12: the core yarn adopts 2 flame-retardant cellulose fiber spun yarns with 40s/1 limiting oxygen index of 30 percent, the fluff adopts polyimide fiber with the fineness of 1dtex, the height of the fluff is 1.5mm, the density of the fluff is 450 pieces/mm, the mass ratio of the core yarn to the fluff is 31:69, and the fancy yarn with the yarn thickness of 10NM is prepared.

Example 13: the core yarn is 2 flame-retardant cellulose fiber spun yarns with 60s/1 and the limiting oxygen index of 30%, the fluff is polyimide fiber with the fineness of 1dtex, the height of the fluff is 1mm, the density of the fluff is 500 pieces/mm, the mass ratio of the core yarn to the fluff is 29:71, and the fancy yarn with the yarn thickness of 14NM is prepared.

Comparative example 1: a yarn having a linear density of 4NM was spun by air jet spinning using 1dtex polyimide fiber.

Comparative example 2: a yarn having a linear density of 4NM was spun using ring spinning with 72% of 1dtex polyimide fiber + 28% of 1dtex flame retardant cellulose fiber having a limiting oxygen index of 30%.

Comparative example 3: the core yarn adopts 2 flame-retardant cellulose fiber spun yarn compound yarns with 36s/2 and the limiting oxygen index of 30 percent, the fluff adopts polyimide fibers with the fineness of 3dtex, the height of the fluff is 3mm, the density of the fluff is 200 pieces/mm, the mass ratio of the core yarn to the fluff is 28:72, and the fancy yarn with the yarn thickness of 4NM is prepared.

Comparative example 4: the core yarn adopts 2 flame-retardant cellulose fiber spun yarn plied yarns with 36s/2 and the limiting oxygen index of 30 percent, the fluff adopts polyimide fibers with the fineness of 0.8dtex, the height of the fluff is 6mm, the density of the fluff is 375 pieces/mm, the mass ratio of the core yarn to the fluff is 28:72, and the fancy yarn with the yarn thickness of 4NM is prepared.

Comparative example 5: the core yarn adopts 2 flame-retardant cellulose fiber spun yarn compound yarns with 36s/2 and the limiting oxygen index of 30%, the fluff adopts 1.5dtex flame-retardant cellulose fiber with the fineness of 30% and 70% terylene with 1.5dtex, the height of the fluff is 3mm, the density of the fluff is 400/mm, the mass ratio of the core yarn to the fluff is 28:72, and the fancy yarn with the yarn thickness of 4NM is prepared.

400g/m were prepared using the yarns of examples 1-10 and comparative examples 1-4²The weft plain knitted fabric of (1).

Using the yarn of example 11, a grammage of 300g/m was prepared²The weft plain knitted fabric of (1).

Using the yarn of example 12, a grammage of 260g/m was prepared²The weft plain knitted fabric of (1).

Using the yarn of example 13, a grammage of 220g/m was prepared²And a grammage of 220g/m²The plain woven fabric of (1).

The limiting oxygen index of the yarns of examples 1-13 and comparative examples 1-4 were tested along with the thermal protection factor of weft plain/plain woven fabrics comprising the yarns, with specific data as in table 1.

TABLE 1

	Limiting oxygen index%	Thermal protection coefficient KW s/m
			Example 1	35	480
Example 2	32	425
			Example 3	32	397
Example 4	30	468
			Example 5	34	421
Example 6	29	403
			Example 7	37	527
Example 8	34	418
			Example 9	31	398
Example 10	32	411
			Example 11	35	425
Example 12	35	365
			Example 13	36	320 (Laiping) 290 (plain weave)
Comparative example 1	37	194
			Comparative example 2	35	177
Comparative example 3	34	225
			Comparative example 4	34	278
Comparative example 5	23, having a molten drop

Claims

1. The heat insulation yarn is characterized by comprising a core yarn and a wool yarn, wherein the core yarn comprises two folded yarns, the two folded yarns are mutually wound and clamped at the middle part of the wool yarn through twisting, two ends of the wool yarn are scattered towards the periphery of the core yarn, the length of the wool yarn is 1.5mm-5mm, and the distribution density of the wool yarn along the axial direction of the heat insulation yarn is 30-60 pieces/cm.

2. The heat-insulating yarn as claimed in claim 1, wherein the length of the pile yarn is 2mm to 3.5mm, and the distribution density of the pile yarn along the axial direction of the heat-insulating yarn is 35 to 50 pieces/cm; preferably, the distribution density of the wool yarns along the axial direction of the heat insulation yarn is 35-45 pieces/cm.

3. The insulating yarn of claim 1, wherein the core yarn has a linear density of 10tex to 60 tex; preferably, the linear density of the core yarn is 20tex to 30 tex.

4. The insulating yarn of claim 1, wherein the wool yarn has a linear density of 10tex to 65 tex; preferably, the linear density of the pile yarns is 10tex-20 tex.

5. The heat-insulating yarn of claim 1, wherein the core yarn is 20-45 wt% of the heat-insulating yarn; preferably, the core yarn accounts for 20-35% of the heat insulation yarn by mass.

6. The insulated yarn of claim 1, wherein the core yarn comprises:

95-99 wt% of polyimide fiber

1-5 wt% of antistatic fiber.

7. The insulated yarn of claim 1, wherein the strand comprises two individual yarns, the single yarn twist direction is Z-twist, the strand twist direction is Z-twist, and the insulated yarn twist direction is S-twist.

8. The insulated yarn of any one of claims 1 to 7, wherein the core yarn and/or the pile yarn is doped with flame-retardant fibers selected from at least one of flame-retardant viscose fibers, flame-retardant vinylon fibers, flame-retardant acrylic fibers, meta-aramid fibers, polyimide fibers and polysulfonamide fibers.

9. The insulating yarn of claim 8, wherein the insulating yarn has a limiting oxygen index of 28% or more.

10. Use of the insulating yarn of claim 8 or 9 in textile flame-retardant sweaters.