CN112725699A

CN112725699A - Corrosion-resistant antibacterial copper-containing low-carbon steel for ships and preparation method thereof

Info

Publication number: CN112725699A
Application number: CN202011592290.5A
Authority: CN
Inventors: 李胜利; 刘宏宇; 滕莹雪; 肖卿鹤; 马凯杰; 艾新港; 郭菁; 汪淼
Original assignee: University of Science and Technology Liaoning USTL
Current assignee: University of Science and Technology Liaoning USTL
Priority date: 2020-12-29
Filing date: 2020-12-29
Publication date: 2021-04-30
Anticipated expiration: 2040-12-29
Also published as: CN112725699B

Abstract

The invention is applied to the technical field of material processing and control. The invention relates to a corrosion-resistant antibacterial copper-containing low-carbon steel for ships, which is characterized in that: the chemical components of the material by weight percentage are as follows: 0.05 to 0.14 percent of carbon, 0.35 to 0.42 percent of silicon, 0.73 to 1.1 percent of manganese, 1.9 to 3.1 percent of nickel, 0.42 to 1.2 percent of chromium, 0.18 to 0.70 percent of molybdenum, 1.80 to 3.20 percent of copper, 0.01 to 0.03 percent of vanadium, 0.20 to 0.30 percent of niobium and the balance of iron. The invention adjusts the proportion of nickel, chromium, molybdenum, copper and niobium, and carries out antibacterial heat treatment process, firstly carries out solid solution treatment, then carries out tempering treatment, and cools to room temperature. So that the steel has excellent seawater corrosion resistance and marine microorganism corrosion resistance.

Description

Corrosion-resistant antibacterial copper-containing low-carbon steel for ships and preparation method thereof

Technical Field

The invention belongs to the technical field of material processing and control, and particularly relates to a corrosion-resistant antibacterial marine copper-containing low-carbon steel and a preparation method thereof.

Background

With the implementation of major strategies such as the vigorous development of marine resources and the strengthening of oceans in China, the oceanographic engineering steel faces unprecedented tests on corrosion resistance and antifouling performance. According to distance statistics, the total loss caused by steel corrosion in China is 2.5 trillion/year, about half of the total loss comes from marine corrosion, safety events caused by material corrosion are frequent, and casualties and economic losses caused by explosion of marine oil pipelines in Qingdao are as high as 7.5 billion yuan. The microbial corrosion in the ocean is a key object which is researched all over the world at present, and under the marine environment with numerous microorganisms, the microbial corrosion on common alloy steel is serious, and the traditional alloy steel has no antifouling performance. In the face of high temperature, high humidity, high salt and biodiversity marine environment, the traditional low-alloy steel cannot meet the new requirements of green, long service life and higher safety.

In the marine environment, after the traditional steel for marine engineering is corroded in severe environment for a long time, the corrosion cross section is observed by a technical means, so that a large number of cracks appear on the inner rust layer, a channel is provided for corrosive ions to reach a matrix, and the stable alpha-FeOOH content of the outer rust layer is low; compared with the corrosion condition of the steel for ocean engineering in the ocean environment without or with microorganisms, the corrosion rate with the microorganisms is faster by 30 percent, so that from the aspect of component design, the content of alloy elements is controlled to protect a matrix to prevent corrosive ions from passing through, an outer rust layer is promoted to form a stable alpha-FeOOH to adsorb the surface of the steel, and the corrosion resistance of the material is improved; the special copper-containing low-carbon steel antibacterial heat treatment process is carried out, so that the copper-containing low-carbon steel has a certain sterilization effect and can prevent microorganisms from corroding the copper-containing low-carbon steel. Whether the corrosion resistance and the antibacterial property can be satisfied is an important condition for the service of the steel for ocean engineering.

Copper is taken as an important corrosion resistant element, and when the content of the copper element in the steel reaches 0.04 percent, the corrosion rate of atmosphere to the steel is greatly reduced; and when the content of the copper element exceeds 0.15 percent, the improvement of the atmospheric corrosion resistance of the steel is not obvious. With the progress of research, it is found that copper element not only can make the steel material exhibit excellent corrosion resistance, but also has certain bactericidal property. The Chinese patent application with the application number of 201410125340.7 discloses a casting forming method of copper-containing alloy type antibacterial stainless steel, which carries out antibacterial stainless steel casting by a special heat treatment means through controlling the content of copper element; chinese patents with application numbers of 201410036368.3 and CN202010845048.8 respectively invent a production process of a corrosion-resistant steel plate for resisting the ocean environment in south China sea, a low alloy steel for large heat input welding and a preparation method thereof by regulating and controlling the contents of alloy elements such as copper, chromium, nickel, molybdenum and the like; based on the current invention, the production cost of the antibacterial stainless steel is too high, but the marine corrosion-resistant steel is difficult to achieve the antibacterial process.

Based on the current national conditions and the current research situation of steel for ocean engineering in China, the method is developed by breaking the technical bottleneck, and a new place for corrosion-resistant and antifouling steel in China is opened up.

Disclosure of Invention

The invention aims to provide corrosion-resistant and antibacterial copper-containing low-carbon steel for ships and a preparation method thereof.

In order to achieve the purpose, the invention is realized by the following technical scheme:

the marine copper-containing low-carbon steel with corrosion resistance and antibacterial property is characterized in that: the chemical components of the material by weight percentage are as follows: 0.05 to 0.14 percent of carbon, 0.35 to 0.42 percent of silicon, 0.73 to 1.1 percent of manganese, 1.9 to 3.1 percent of nickel, 0.42 to 1.2 percent of chromium, 0.18 to 0.70 percent of molybdenum, 1.80 to 3.20 percent of copper, 0.01 to 0.03 percent of vanadium, 0.20 to 0.30 percent of niobium and the balance of iron.

The preparation method of the corrosion-resistant antibacterial marine copper-containing low-carbon steel is characterized in that a steel slab is subjected to solution treatment after rolling: carrying out solution treatment at 930-1200 ℃, keeping the temperature for 3-50 minutes, and cooling to room temperature by water; then tempering treatment is carried out for 5-9 hours at 750-1180 ℃, and air cooling is carried out to the room temperature.

In the technical scheme, the chromium can improve the corrosion resistance, hardness and wear resistance of the carbon steel without making the steel brittle; the steel has good high-temperature oxidation resistance and oxidation corrosion resistance, the heat strength of the steel is increased, the strength and the hardness of the carbon steel in a rolling state can be improved, and the elongation and the reduction of area are reduced. Nickel increases strength in steel, and the strength can be increased by about 29.4Pa for every 1% increase of nickel; as the nickel content increases, the steel yields faster than the tensile strength increases. While improving the strength of the steel, the nickel has less influence on the corrosion resistance, toughness, plasticity and other process performance of the steel than other alloy elements. Molybdenum can improve hardenability and heat strength in steel and improve corrosion resistance; the retained austenite in the carburized layer is reduced, the wear resistance of the surface layer is increased, and the pitting corrosion tendency caused by the existence of chloride ions is prevented. The main function of vanadium in steel is to refine the structure and crystal grains of steel and reduce the strength and toughness of steel; the tempering stability of the quenched steel is increased, the strength, yield ratio and low-temperature characteristic after normalizing are improved, and the welding performance of the steel is improved. Copper is an element that expands the austenite phase region; copper can improve the strength of steel, and impact toughness and fatigue strength can improve the atmospheric corrosion resistance and high-temperature oxidation resistance of low-alloy structural steel and rail steel. Niobium is the most effective microalloying element for grain refinement, and has extremely strong effects on delaying austenite recrystallization and grain refinement in the heat treatment processes of controlled rolling, normalizing and the like; the strengthening effect is obvious. After the heat treatment process, fine epsilon-Cu phases are precipitated in the matrix and the surface passivation film. The epsilon-Cu phase endows the steel with excellent bactericidal action.

Compared with the prior art, the invention has the following beneficial effects:

1) the corrosion resistance of the alloy carbon steel is improved by adding copper, chromium, nickel and niobium elements on the basis of the traditional carbon steel, but the toughness and the processing performance of the steel are affected along with the increase of the copper element, the element proportion is further optimized for avoiding the adverse effect of the alloy element on the steel, the corrosion resistance and the antifouling performance of the alloy steel are improved, and the adverse effect caused by the addition of a large amount of copper element is avoided.

2) And on the basis of the components of the antibacterial stainless steel, a solid solution heat treatment process is integrated, so that an epsilon-Cu phase is dispersed and precipitated in the steel, and the steel plate is endowed with excellent antibacterial performance. When the chromium content: 0.42% -1.2%, niobium content: 0.20-0.30%, when the content of copper element is 1.80-3.20%, the alpha-FeOOH with protection function in the rust layer can reach 80%, so that the rust layer has excellent corrosion resistance. When the copper content is as follows: when the content is 1.80-3.20%, fine and dispersed epsilon-Cu particles are separated out after antibacterial heat treatment, the sterilization rate can reach 99%, and the antibacterial performance of the steel for ocean engineering is greatly improved.

3) Through the combination of component design and antibacterial heat treatment, the steel has excellent corrosion resistance and antifouling performance, the service time of the steel for the current ocean engineering is greatly prolonged, and the predicted service time of the corrosion-resistant antibacterial low-carbon steel can reach 126 years; and the optimal performance is obtained by the least addition amount of alloy elements, so that the production cost is saved.

Drawings

FIG. 1 is a comparison graph of the appearance of outer rust layers of samples tested in example 1 of the present invention, wherein (a) ordinary weathering steel, (b) corrosion-resistant antibacterial carbon steel;

FIG. 2 shows the content of α -FeOOH in the outer rust layer of the test piece after the test in inventive example 1;

FIG. 3 is a comparison of the micro-topography of the sample after SRB corrosion in example 2 of the present invention, wherein (a) is a general weathering steel and (b) is a corrosion-resistant antibacterial carbon steel;

FIG. 4 is a graph of the polarization of a sample in an SRB environment in example 2 of the present invention;

FIG. 5 is a comparison graph of the appearance of the outer rust layer of the tested sample in example 3 of the present invention, wherein (a) is general weathering steel and (b) is corrosion-resistant antibacterial carbon steel;

FIG. 6 shows the content of α -FeOOH in the outer rust layer of the test piece after the test in inventive example 3.

Detailed Description

The technical solutions in the embodiments of the present invention will be clearly and completely described below with reference to the drawings in the present application, and it is obvious that the described embodiments are only a part of the embodiments of the present invention, and not all of the embodiments. All other embodiments, which can be derived by a person skilled in the art from the embodiments given herein without making any creative effort, shall fall within the protection scope of the present invention.

The preparation example uses the corrosion-resistant antibacterial carbon steel plate, 1) adopts the vacuum furnace to smelt the raw materials, requires strict control of the proportion of the raw materials, adjusts the components of each substance in the molten steel, and the preparation raw materials are as follows: the low-carbon steel, ferrochrome, ferromolybdenum, ferroniobium, ferrovanadium, ferromanganese, electrolytic nickel and electrolytic copper are prepared by smelting metal in a 200kg vacuum furnace smelting furnace, drawing the furnace in a cold furnace, adding the low-carbon steel, when 75-85% of molten steel is molten, adding electrolytic nickel sheet, ferrochromium, ferrovanadium, ferromolybdenum and ferroniobium, finally adding covering agent to cover (the covering agent is 70% of rice straw ash and 30% of dry charcoal), heating to 1650 ℃, after the furnace charge is completely melted, cooling to 1550-.

2) A two-stage controlled rolling process is adopted, the thickness of an intermediate blank is 50-55mm, and the thickness of a finished product plate is 25.0-25.3 mm; heating at 1200 ℃, removing surface oxide skin after discharging, roughly rolling for 6 passes, sequentially passing through 170-145-120-100-80-60-50 mm, and standing for temperature. The rough rolling force 1035-; and 4 passes of the finish rolling section are 50mm-40mm-32mm-28mm-25mm in sequence. The rough rolling force is 2085-3252 KN. The specification of the plate blank in the final cutting embodiment is as follows: 500mm × 200mm × 25mm for standby.

Example 1:

the corrosion-resistant antibacterial marine copper-containing low-carbon steel comprises the following chemical components in percentage by weight: 0.05 to 0.08 percent of carbon, 0.35 to 0.37 percent of silicon, 0.73 to 0.81 percent of manganese, 1.90 to 2.10 percent of nickel, 0.42 to 0.55 percent of chromium, 0.18 to 0.32 percent of molybdenum, 1.80 to 2.10 percent of copper, 0.01 to 0.02 percent of vanadium, 0.20 to 0.23 percent of niobium and the balance of iron, and smelting molten steel to prepare a plate blank.

Putting the plate blank into a heat treatment furnace for antibacterial heat treatment, a, performing solid solution treatment: controlling the temperature of the rolled steel plate to be 930-950 ℃, preserving the heat for 5-10 minutes, and then cooling the steel plate to room temperature by water; b, tempering: the tempering temperature is 850-880 ℃, the temperature is kept for 6-7 hours, and then the product is cooled to the room temperature at the speed of 60-90 ℃/hour.

The test sample is subjected to a hanging test by adopting an indoor simulated marine environment, and the test period is 1 year. Calculating the corrosion rate by using a weight loss method; observing the microscopic morphologies of the inner rust layer, the outer rust layer and the cross section of the sample by using a scanning electron microscope (Sigma 500); the composition of the inner rust layer and the stripped outer rust layer are qualitatively analyzed by X-ray diffraction (X' Pertpowder), and the corrosion resistance of the corrosion-resistant antibacterial carbon steel prepared by the method is detected by the method.

The antibacterial performance test was carried out by Liaoning science and technology university, and the test specimens were cut into 20mm × 10mm × 3mm using typical corrosive bacteria (sulfate reducing bacteria) in the ocean, and the antibacterial performance of the corrosion-resistant antibacterial carbon steel is shown in Table 2.

TABLE 2

Sample to be tested	Medium to be tested in the absence of sample Number of viable bacteria (cfu/ml)	Culture 7 days after inoculation without sample Viable count of basal cells (cfu/ml)	The samples were subjected to an antibacterial test for 3 days Viable count cfu/ml of culture medium	Antibacterial rate
					Corrosion-resistant antibacterial carbon steel	5.5*10⁴	8.9*10⁷	1.78*10⁵	99.8%
Q345 weathering steel	5.3*10⁴	8.8*10⁷	6.02*10⁷	31.58%

It is obvious from table 2 that the corrosion-resistant antibacterial steel prepared by the method has excellent corrosion resistance, and the microscopic morphology of the surface of the test sample is detected by a scanning electron microscope (Sigma500), so that the obvious change of the morphology of the SRB on the surface of the corrosion-resistant antibacterial carbon steel is obviously seen, and the SRB on the surface of the corrosion-resistant antibacterial carbon steel sample gradually dehydrates and dies.

The detection means finds that: the corrosion rate of the corrosion-resistant antibacterial carbon steel is as follows: 0.03 mm/year, the corrosion rate of the Q345 weathering steel is as follows: 0.08 mm/year; the corrosion-resistant antibacterial carbon steel inner rust layer prepared by the method is more compact than common weathering steel, and the added alloy elements form an enrichment layer on the surface of the matrix to block corrosive ions from passing through and protect the matrix; the needle-shaped alpha-FeOOH is taken as the main component in the corrosion-resistant and antibacterial carbon steel outer rust layer, as shown in figure 1 (a is common weathering steel and b is corrosion-resistant and antibacterial carbon steel), and the content of the corrosion-resistant and antibacterial carbon steel is about 87%, while the content of the alpha-FeOOH in the outer rust layer of the common weathering steel is about 53%, as shown in figure 2, therefore, the corrosion-resistant and antibacterial carbon steel prepared by the method of the invention has excellent corrosion resistance.

Example 2:

the corrosion-resistant antibacterial marine copper-containing low-carbon steel comprises the following chemical components in percentage by weight: 0.08 to 0.10 percent of carbon, 0.37 to 0.40 percent of silicon, 0.81 to 0.92 percent of manganese, 2.10 to 2.80 percent of nickel, 0.55 to 0.98 percent of chromium, 0.32 to 0.63 percent of molybdenum, 2.10 to 2.50 percent of copper, 0.02 to 0.025 percent of vanadium, 0.23 to 0.26 percent of niobium and the balance of iron, smelting molten steel, and manufacturing a plate blank.

Putting the plate blank into a heat treatment furnace for antibacterial heat treatment, a, performing solid solution treatment: controlling the temperature of the rolled steel plate at 990-1080 ℃, preserving the heat for 10-25 minutes, and then cooling to room temperature by water; b, tempering: the tempering temperature is 880-.

The corrosion-resistant antibacterial carbon steel prepared by the method is used for carrying out antibacterial performance, the detection is carried out by Liaoning science and technology university, typical corrosive bacteria (sulfate reducing bacteria) in the ocean are adopted, a sample is cut into 20mm multiplied by 10mm multiplied by 3mm for detection, an electrochemical workstation (IVIUMTECtechnologiesBV) is adopted for carrying out electrochemical test on the sample, a saturated calomel electrode is selected as a reference electrode, a platinum sheet electrode is selected as an auxiliary electrode, a three-electrode open system is formed, the potential scanning range is-4V, and the scanning speed is 0.01V/S. The frequency range of the impedance is 10-2-105 Hz. The antibacterial properties of the corrosion-resistant antibacterial carbon steel are shown in table 3.

TABLE 3

Sample to be tested	Medium to be tested in the absence of sample Number of viable bacteria (cfu/ml)	Culture 7 days after inoculation without sample Viable count of basal cells (cfu/ml)	The samples were subjected to an antibacterial test for 3 days Viable count cfu/ml of culture medium	Antibacterial rate
					Corrosion-resistant antibacterial carbon steel	5.5*10⁴	8.9*10⁷	1.76*10⁵	99.98%
Q345 weathering steel	5.3*10⁴	8.8*10⁷	6.22*10⁷	29.31%

It is apparent from table 3 that the corrosion-resistant antibacterial steel prepared by the method has excellent corrosion resistance, and the microscopic morphology of the surface of the test sample is detected by a scanning electron microscope (Sigma500), and fig. 3 shows that the microscopic morphology of the test sample after SRB corrosion (a is common weathering steel and b is corrosion-resistant antibacterial carbon steel), it is evident that the SRB morphology of the surface of the corrosion-resistant antibacterial carbon steel is obviously changed, and the SRB of the surface of the corrosion-resistant antibacterial carbon steel test sample gradually dehydrates and dies.

FIG. 4 is a polarization curve diagram of a test sample in an SRB environment, and test results show that the corrosion current density of the corrosion-resistant and antibacterial steel prepared by the method is 5.09 x 10-5 (A/cm 2) which is far less than the corrosion potential 7.478 x 10-4 (A/cm 2) of Q345 weathering steel, and the corrosion potential-0.9728 (V) of the corrosion-resistant and antibacterial steel is greater than the corrosion potential-1.5320 (V) of the Q345 weathering steel. Obviously, the corrosion resistance of the corrosion-resistant antibacterial steel prepared by the method is obviously superior to that of common weathering steel.

Example 3:

the corrosion-resistant antibacterial marine copper-containing low-carbon steel comprises the following chemical components in percentage by weight: 0.10 to 0.14 percent of carbon, 0.40 to 0.42 percent of silicon, 0.92 to 1.10 percent of manganese, 2.80 to 3.10 percent of nickel, 0.98 to 1.20 percent of chromium, 0.63 to 0.70 percent of molybdenum, 2.50 to 3.20 percent of copper, 0.025 to 0.03 percent of vanadium, 0.26 to 0.30 percent of niobium and the balance of iron, and smelting molten steel to prepare a plate blank.

After rolling, putting the plate blank into a heat treatment furnace for antibacterial special heat treatment, a, performing solid solution treatment: controlling the temperature of the rolled steel plate to be 1080-1200 ℃, preserving the heat for 25-50 minutes, and then cooling the steel plate to room temperature by water; b, tempering: the tempering temperature is 980-1180 ℃, the temperature is kept for 7-8 hours, and then the product is cooled to the room temperature at the speed of 60-90 ℃/hour.

The corrosion-resistant antibacterial carbon steel prepared by the method is used for carrying out antibacterial performance, the Liaoning scientific and technical university detects the corrosion-resistant antibacterial carbon steel, the sample is cut into 20mm multiplied by 10mm multiplied by 3mm to detect by adopting typical corrosive bacteria (sulfate reducing bacteria) in the ocean, the sample adopts indoor simulated ocean environment to carry out a hanging test, and the test period is 1 year. Calculating the corrosion rate by using a weight loss method; observing the microscopic morphologies of the inner rust layer, the outer rust layer and the cross section of the sample by using a scanning electron microscope (Sigma 500); the composition of the inner rust layer and the stripped outer rust layer are qualitatively analyzed by X-ray diffraction (X' Pertpowder), and the corrosion resistance of the corrosion-resistant antibacterial carbon steel prepared by the method is detected by the method. The antibacterial properties of the corrosion-resistant antibacterial carbon steel are shown in table 4.

TABLE 4

Sample to be tested	Medium to be tested in the absence of sample Number of viable bacteria (cfu/ml)	Culture 7 days after inoculation without sample Viable count of basal cells (cfu/ml)	The samples were subjected to an antibacterial test for 3 days Viable count cfu/ml of culture medium	Antibacterial rate
					Corrosion-resistant antibacterial carbon steel	5.45*10⁴	8.87*10⁷	8.87*10⁴	99.9%
Q345 weathering steel	5.32*10⁴	8.83*10⁷	6.11*10⁷	30.8%

It is obvious from table 4 that the corrosion-resistant antibacterial steel prepared by the method has excellent corrosion resistance, and the microscopic morphology of the surface of the test sample is detected by a scanning electron microscope (Sigma500), so that the obvious change of the morphology of the SRB on the surface of the corrosion-resistant antibacterial carbon steel is obviously seen, and the SRB on the surface of the corrosion-resistant antibacterial carbon steel sample gradually dehydrates and dies.

The detection means finds that: the corrosion rate of the corrosion-resistant antibacterial carbon steel is as follows: 0.029 mm/year, the corrosion rate of the Q345 weathering steel is: 0.081 mm/year; the corrosion-resistant antibacterial carbon steel inner rust layer prepared by the method is more compact than common weathering steel, and the added alloy elements form an enrichment layer on the surface of the matrix to block corrosive ions from passing through and protect the matrix; the needle-shaped FeOOH is taken as the main component in the corrosion-resistant and antibacterial carbon steel outer rust layer, as shown in FIG. 5 (a is common weathering steel, and b is corrosion-resistant and antibacterial carbon steel), and the content is about 89%, while the content of the-FeOOH in the outer rust layer of the common weathering steel is about 52% as shown in FIG. 6, so that the corrosion resistance of the corrosion-resistant and antibacterial carbon steel prepared by the method of the invention is excellent.

The above embodiments are merely specific examples selected for illustrating the objects, technical solutions and advantages of the present invention in detail, and should not be construed as limiting the scope of the present invention, and various modifications, equivalent substitutions and improvements can be made without departing from the spirit and principle of the present invention.

Claims

1. The marine copper-containing low-carbon steel with corrosion resistance and antibacterial property is characterized in that: the chemical components of the material by weight percentage are as follows: 0.05 to 0.14 percent of carbon, 0.35 to 0.42 percent of silicon, 0.73 to 1.1 percent of manganese, 1.9 to 3.1 percent of nickel, 0.42 to 1.2 percent of chromium, 0.18 to 0.70 percent of molybdenum, 1.80 to 3.20 percent of copper, 0.01 to 0.03 percent of vanadium, 0.20 to 0.30 percent of niobium and the balance of iron.

2. The marine copper-containing low-carbon steel with corrosion resistance and antibacterial property is characterized in that: the chemical components of the material by weight percentage are as follows: 0.05 to 0.08 percent of carbon, 0.35 to 0.37 percent of silicon, 0.73 to 0.81 percent of manganese, 1.90 to 2.10 percent of nickel, 0.42 to 0.55 percent of chromium, 0.18 to 0.32 percent of molybdenum, 1.80 to 2.10 percent of copper, 0.01 to 0.02 percent of vanadium, 0.20 to 0.23 percent of niobium and the balance of iron.

3. The marine copper-containing low-carbon steel with corrosion resistance and antibacterial property is characterized in that: the chemical components of the material by weight percentage are as follows: 0.08 to 0.10 percent of carbon, 0.37 to 0.40 percent of silicon, 0.81 to 0.92 percent of manganese, 2.10 to 2.80 percent of nickel, 0.55 to 0.98 percent of chromium, 0.32 to 0.63 percent of molybdenum, 2.10 to 2.50 percent of copper, 0.02 to 0.025 percent of vanadium, 0.23 to 0.26 percent of niobium and the balance of iron.

4. The marine copper-containing low-carbon steel with corrosion resistance and antibacterial property is characterized in that: the chemical components of the material by weight percentage are as follows: 0.10 to 0.14 percent of carbon, 0.40 to 0.42 percent of silicon, 0.92 to 1.10 percent of manganese, 2.80 to 3.10 percent of nickel, 0.98 to 1.20 percent of chromium, 0.63 to 0.70 percent of molybdenum, 2.50 to 3.20 percent of copper, 0.025 to 0.03 percent of vanadium, 0.26 to 0.30 percent of niobium and the balance of iron.

5. The preparation method of the corrosion-resistant antibacterial marine copper-containing low-carbon steel is characterized in that a steel slab is subjected to solution treatment after rolling: carrying out solution treatment at 930-1200 ℃ for 3-50 minutes, and cooling to room temperature by water; then tempering treatment is carried out for 5-9 hours at 750-1180 ℃, and then cooling is carried out to room temperature at the speed of 60-90 ℃/hour.

6. The preparation method of the corrosion-resistant antibacterial marine copper-containing low-carbon steel is characterized in that a steel slab is subjected to solution treatment after rolling: controlling the temperature of the rolled steel plate to be 930-950 ℃, preserving the heat for 5-10 minutes, and cooling the steel plate to room temperature by water; and tempering treatment is carried out: the tempering temperature is 850-880 ℃, the temperature is kept for 6-7 hours, and then the product is cooled to the room temperature at the speed of 60-90 ℃/hour.

7. The preparation method of the corrosion-resistant antibacterial marine copper-containing low-carbon steel is characterized in that a steel slab is subjected to solution treatment after rolling: controlling the temperature of the rolled steel plate at 990-1080 ℃, preserving the heat for 10-25 minutes, and then cooling to room temperature by water; and tempering treatment is carried out: the tempering temperature is 880-.

8. The preparation method of the corrosion-resistant antibacterial marine copper-containing low-carbon steel is characterized in that a steel slab is subjected to solution treatment after rolling: controlling the temperature of the rolled steel plate to be 1080-1200 ℃, preserving the heat for 25-50 minutes, and then cooling the steel plate to room temperature by water; b, tempering: the tempering temperature is 980-1180 ℃, the temperature is kept for 7-8 hours, and then the product is cooled to the room temperature at the speed of 60-90 ℃/hour.