CN112723807A - Seawater-mixed underwater undispersed concrete and preparation method thereof - Google Patents
Seawater-mixed underwater undispersed concrete and preparation method thereof Download PDFInfo
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C04—CEMENTS; CONCRETE; ARTIFICIAL STONE; CERAMICS; REFRACTORIES
- C04B—LIME, MAGNESIA; SLAG; CEMENTS; COMPOSITIONS THEREOF, e.g. MORTARS, CONCRETE OR LIKE BUILDING MATERIALS; ARTIFICIAL STONE; CERAMICS; REFRACTORIES; TREATMENT OF NATURAL STONE
- C04B28/00—Compositions of mortars, concrete or artificial stone, containing inorganic binders or the reaction product of an inorganic and an organic binder, e.g. polycarboxylate cements
- C04B28/006—Compositions of mortars, concrete or artificial stone, containing inorganic binders or the reaction product of an inorganic and an organic binder, e.g. polycarboxylate cements containing mineral polymers, e.g. geopolymers of the Davidovits type
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C04—CEMENTS; CONCRETE; ARTIFICIAL STONE; CERAMICS; REFRACTORIES
- C04B—LIME, MAGNESIA; SLAG; CEMENTS; COMPOSITIONS THEREOF, e.g. MORTARS, CONCRETE OR LIKE BUILDING MATERIALS; ARTIFICIAL STONE; CERAMICS; REFRACTORIES; TREATMENT OF NATURAL STONE
- C04B2201/00—Mortars, concrete or artificial stone characterised by specific physical values
- C04B2201/50—Mortars, concrete or artificial stone characterised by specific physical values for the mechanical strength
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- Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
- Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
- Y02P—CLIMATE CHANGE MITIGATION TECHNOLOGIES IN THE PRODUCTION OR PROCESSING OF GOODS
- Y02P40/00—Technologies relating to the processing of minerals
- Y02P40/10—Production of cement, e.g. improving or optimising the production methods; Cement grinding
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Abstract
The invention provides seawater mixed underwater undispersed concrete and a preparation method thereof, belonging to the fields of concrete technology and comprehensive utilization of solid waste resources. The composite material comprises 335-900 parts of fly ash, 125-300 parts of slag, 30-50 parts of water glass, 3-5 parts of sodium hydroxide, 1.5-2.0 parts of polyacrylamide, 40-60 parts of bentonite, 40-100 parts of silica fume, 8-10 parts of a water reducing agent, 200-500 parts of mixed seawater, 600-800 parts of sand and 900-1100 parts of coarse aggregate. The underwater undispersed concrete prepared by the invention takes seawater as mixing water, the fly ash-slag geopolymer replaces cement, and bentonite replaces part of polyacrylamide, so that the underwater undispersed concrete has good dispersion resistance, higher strength, chloride ion permeability resistance and sulfate corrosion resistance, fully utilizes the advantages of islands, saves fresh water resources, reduces production cost, accelerates engineering construction, promotes utilization of solid waste resources, and has obvious environmental protection, economic and engineering application values.
Description
Technical Field
The invention belongs to the field of concrete technology and comprehensive utilization of solid waste resources, relates to improvement of a non-dispersive concrete mixing ratio and technology, and provides novel seawater-mixed underwater non-dispersive concrete and a preparation method thereof.
Background
The underwater undispersed concrete is also called as underwater anti-dispersion concrete, and can be defined as concrete with underwater undispersed property after being doped with an anti-dispersion agent, and the undispersed concrete means that cement paste does not lose aggregate and is not separated during underwater pouring.
The underwater undispersed concrete is widely applied to a seawater environment, and at present, the corrosion resistance of the underwater undispersed concrete is mostly formed and maintained in a freshwater environment. However, when underwater undispersed concrete is applied in a corrosive environment, the problems of corrosive ion corrosion are faced in the pouring and curing stages. And in addition, fresh water resources in China are scarce, particularly in northern island regions far away from inland, when a large amount of fresh water is transported for concrete mixing, the cost is high, materials are easily influenced by the environment in the transportation process, and the quality is difficult to guarantee. Therefore, the construction of ocean engineering requires the construction material mixed with seawater to reduce the transportation amount, accelerate the engineering construction and reduce the cost.
In the traditional ocean engineering, the common cement concrete with hydration products as calcium-based compounds is mainly used as a building material and cannot exist stably for a long time under the corrosion of seawater. And the geopolymer is made of [ SiO ]4]Tetrahedron and [ AlO4]The non-crystal three-dimensional network structure formed by tetrahedrons has the characteristics of stable chemical property, compact microstructure, high strength, high durability and high marine corrosion resistance, and the-A1-O-Si-or-Si-O-Si-chemical bond of the network has strong bonding force, the formed network structure is very firm, and SO in seawater2、Cl-And Mg2+The plasma hardly damages the structure, and seawater can be used for mixing.
The durability of the underwater undispersed concrete mainly has the performances of water permeation resistance, chloride ion permeation resistance, sulfate corrosion resistance and the like. As abundant salt ions in seawater can participate in the hydration process of concrete, the early strength of the underwater undispersed concrete poured and formed in the seawater is higher than that of the concrete in a fresh water environment, sulfate radicals in the seawater react with the concrete to generate more and more ettringite crystals along with the increase of age, so that the concrete is expanded and cracked, the strength of the underwater undispersed concrete in the seawater is lower and lower, and the strength of the underwater undispersed concrete in the fresh water environment is gradually lower than that of the underwater undispersed concrete. The fly ash and the slag contain rich active substances, and can perform secondary hydration reaction with cement hydration products to improve the compactness of the concrete, so that the sulfate corrosion resistance of the underwater undispersed concrete can be improved. Meanwhile, as part of water enters the concrete during underwater casting, the water-resistant permeability of the concrete cast underwater is weaker than that of the undispersed concrete formed on land, and the chlorine ion permeability resistance of the undispersed concrete cast underwater can be obviously improved by doping silica fume.
In addition, polyacrylamide is commonly used in the flocculant in the underwater undispersed concrete, but the flocculant is high in cost, engineering application of the underwater undispersed concrete is severely limited, and a flocculant with lower cost needs to be developed. The bentonite and the polyacrylamide are compounded, so that the underwater dispersion resistance of the mortar can be realized, and the production cost is greatly reduced.
Therefore, the invention provides novel seawater-mixed underwater undispersed concrete and a preparation method thereof, wherein the novel seawater-mixed underwater undispersed concrete is prepared by taking fly ash and slag as raw materials, water glass and sodium hydroxide as alkali activators to prepare a geopolymer gelled material, adding polyacrylamide and bentonite as flocculants, taking seawater as mixing water and silica fume, sand and stone as auxiliary materials.
Disclosure of Invention
The technical problems to be solved by the invention are as follows: the existing underwater undispersed concrete has insufficient research on corrosion resistance and discharges a large amount of CO in cement production2The problems of scarce fresh water, higher production cost and the like are solved, and the novel seawater-blended underwater undispersed concrete and the preparation method thereof are provided.
In order to achieve the purpose, the technical scheme adopted by the invention is as follows:
a seawater-mixed underwater undispersed concrete mainly comprises the following materials: fly ash, slag, an excitant (water glass and sodium hydroxide), silica fume, a flocculant (polyacrylamide and bentonite), a water reducing agent, fine aggregate, coarse aggregate and mixing water.
The raw materials have the following components:
fly ash: CaO content of 3.63, water demand ratio of 90%, and specific surface area of 384m2/kg；
Slag: ground slag grade S95 with density of 2.99g/cm3Specific surface area 499m2/kg；
Water glass: is sodium silicate and has a chemical formula of Na2O·nSiO2The modulus is 1.4;
sodium hydroxide: pure NaOH is analyzed, white semitransparent crystalline solid is obtained, and the purity is more than or equal to 96 percent;
flocculating agent: polyacrylamide and bentonite compound, wherein the average molecule of polyacrylamide is 1000 ten thousand;
silica fume: the specific surface area is 21.1m2In terms of/g, the activity index is 112%.
Water reducing agent: the water reducing rate of the polycarboxylic acid high-efficiency water reducing agent is 19.1 percent;
coarse aggregate: 5-25 mm continuous graded crushed stone;
fine aggregate: medium sand with fineness modulus of 2.6;
mixing water: yellow sea water.
By combining the test performance indexes, the raw materials comprise the following components in parts by weight:
fly ash: 335-900 parts;
slag: 125-300 parts;
water glass: 30-50 parts;
sodium hydroxide: 3-5 parts;
polyacrylamide: 1.5-2.0 parts;
bentonite: 40-60 parts;
silica fume: 40-100 parts;
water reducing agent: 8-10 parts;
fine aggregate (1-5 mm): 600-800 parts;
coarse aggregate (5-20 mm): 900-1100 parts;
mixing water: 200 to 500 parts.
The quality tolerance of the raw materials is as follows: fly ash: plus or minus 0.3 percent; slag: plus or minus 0.3 percent; exciting agent: plus or minus 0.3 percent; flocculating agent: plus or minus 0.3 percent; silica fume: plus or minus 0.3 percent; water reducing agent: plus or minus 0.3 percent; aggregate: plus or minus 0.5 percent; sea water: plus or minus 0.3 percent.
The invention further provides a preparation method of the underwater undispersed concrete mixed by seawater, which comprises the following steps:
firstly, preparing an alkali activator:
adding accurately weighed NaOH into water glass, stirring uniformly, and carrying out ultrasonic stirring treatment for 3-5 min under the condition of 360W of ultrasonic power to obtain a uniformly dispersed alkali-activated solution. Taking the uniformly stirred mixed solution as gelled slurry a, sealing a polyethylene film (preventing evaporation loss) on the cup opening, placing the gelled slurry in a safe place, and aging to normal temperature for later use.
The second step is that: and (2) pouring the fly ash and the slag into a dry stirring pot, then uniformly pouring the alkali activator aged in the first step into the stirring pot, finally pouring 1/3 seawater, and stirring for 2-5 min to form slurry, thereby obtaining the geopolymer gelled slurry a.
The third step: adding fine aggregate, coarse aggregate and 1/3 seawater into the gelled slurry a in the first step, and stirring for 30-90 s to obtain slurry b;
the fourth step: and adding the silica fume, the flocculating agent, the water reducing agent and the residual seawater into the slurry b, and continuously stirring for 60-100 s to obtain the underwater non-dispersible concrete.
Compared with other methods, the method has the beneficial technical effects that:
1. the invention fully utilizes the advantages of islands, takes seawater as mixing water, saves fresh water resources, conveniently obtains local materials, reduces production cost, reduces transportation volume and accelerates engineering construction;
2. the geopolymer is prepared by using the solid waste materials of the fly ash and the slag as raw materials, the fly ash and the slag contain rich active substances, can generate secondary hydration reaction with cement hydration products, improve the compactness of concrete, not only give consideration to the early strength and the later strength of the artificial fish reef, but also improve the sulfate corrosion resistance of the underwater undispersed concrete, and simultaneously shorten the setting time by adding the slag. In addition, the production cost can be reduced, and the environmental pollution pressure can be relieved;
3. according to the invention, the bentonite and polyacrylamide compounded flocculant is selected, so that the underwater undispersed concrete is ensured to have good anti-dispersion performance, and meanwhile, the production cost can be greatly reduced;
4. the silica fume is doped into the concrete, so that the chlorine ion permeability resistance of the underwater undispersed concrete can be obviously improved, and the condition that part of water enters the concrete during underwater casting to cause that the water permeability resistance of the underwater cast concrete is weaker than that of the land-formed undispersed concrete is avoided.
Detailed Description
The invention is further illustrated by the following specific examples:
the invention provides a novel seawater-mixed underwater undispersed concrete and a preparation method thereof, wherein the raw materials comprise the following components in percentage by weight:
TABLE 1 novel seawater-mixed underwater non-dispersible concrete and preparation method thereof
The method comprises the following specific steps:
example 1
(1) Preparing an alkali activator: adding 3 parts of NaOH into 30 parts of water glass, stirring uniformly, and carrying out ultrasonic treatment and stirring treatment for 3min under the condition of 360W of ultrasonic power to obtain a uniformly dispersed alkali-activated solution. Taking out the uniformly stirred mixed solution, sealing the cup mouth with a polyethylene film (preventing evaporation loss), placing the cup mouth in a safe place, and aging the cup mouth to normal temperature for later use.
(2) And (2) pouring 335 parts of fly ash and 125 parts of slag into a dry stirring pot, then uniformly pouring the alkali activator aged in the first step into the stirring pot, finally pouring 70 parts of seawater (1/3 of the total water amount), and stirring for 2min to form slurry, thereby obtaining the geopolymer gelled slurry a.
(3) 600 parts of sand, 900 parts of stone and 70 parts of seawater (1/3 of the total water amount) are added into the gelled slurry a in the first step and stirred for 30s to obtain slurry b;
(4) adding 40 parts of silica fume, 1.5 parts of polyacrylamide, 40 parts of bentonite, 9 parts of water reducing agent and 70 parts of seawater (1/3 of the total water content) into the slurry b, and continuously stirring for 60s to obtain the underwater non-dispersible concrete.
Example 2
(1) Preparing an alkali activator: adding 4 parts of NaOH into 40 parts of water glass, stirring uniformly, and carrying out ultrasonic treatment and stirring treatment for 5min under the condition of 360W of ultrasonic power to obtain a uniformly dispersed alkali-activated solution. Taking out the uniformly stirred mixed solution, sealing the cup mouth with a polyethylene film (preventing evaporation loss), placing the cup mouth in a safe place, and aging the cup mouth to normal temperature for later use.
(2) 600 parts of fly ash and 224 parts of slag are poured into a dry stirring pot, then the alkali activator aged in the first step is uniformly poured into the stirring pot, and finally 120 parts of seawater (1/3 of the total water amount) is poured into the stirring pot and stirred for 4min to form slurry, so that the geopolymer gelled slurry a is obtained.
(3) Adding 750 parts of sand, 1000 parts of stone and 120 parts of seawater (1/3 of the total water quantity) into the gelled slurry a in the first step, and stirring for 60s to obtain slurry b;
(4) 70 parts of silica fume, 1.8 parts of polyacrylamide, 50 parts of bentonite, 9 parts of water reducing agent and 120 parts of seawater (1/3 of the total water content) are added into the slurry b and continuously stirred for 100s, so that the underwater non-dispersible concrete is obtained.
Example 3
(1) Preparing an alkali activator: and adding 5 parts of NaOH into 50 parts of water glass, uniformly stirring, and performing ultrasonic treatment and stirring treatment for 4min under the condition of 360W of ultrasonic power to obtain a uniformly dispersed alkali-activated solution. Taking out the uniformly stirred mixed solution, sealing the cup mouth with a polyethylene film (preventing evaporation loss), placing the cup mouth in a safe place, and aging the cup mouth to normal temperature for later use.
(2) And pouring 900 parts of fly ash and 300 parts of slag into a dry stirring pot, then uniformly pouring the alkali activator aged in the first step into the stirring pot, finally pouring 200 parts of seawater (1/3 of the total water amount), and stirring for 5min to form slurry, thereby obtaining the geopolymer gelled slurry a.
(3) Adding 800 parts of sand, 1100 parts of stone and 200 parts of seawater (1/3 of the total water amount) into the gelled slurry a in the first step, and stirring for 90s to obtain slurry b;
(4) 100 parts of silica fume, 2 parts of polyacrylamide, 60 parts of bentonite, 10 parts of water reducing agent and 200 parts of seawater (1/3 of the total water content) are added into the slurry b and continuously stirred for 80 seconds to obtain the underwater undispersed concrete.
The invention tests various indexes of the prepared novel seawater mixed underwater undispersed concrete and the preparation method thereof, and the method comprises the following steps: slump, cement loss, gas content, pH value and land and underwater compressive strength, and test data all meet the requirements of (DL/T5117-2000) test specification of underwater undispersed concrete, and the specific data are as follows:
TABLE 2 novel seawater-mixed underwater undispersed concrete and its preparation method
Note: test molding maintenance and index test reference specification: DL/T5117-.
The analysis of the table 2 shows that fresh water resources are greatly saved by mixing the underwater undispersed concrete with the seawater, the production cost is reduced, the environmental pollution pressure is relieved, various indexes of the underwater undispersed concrete can be met, and the 28d land-water strength ratio reaches over 84%.
The above-mentioned embodiments are merely preferred embodiments of the present invention, which are based on the overall concept of the present invention and are not intended to limit the scope of the present invention. Any modification, improvement or substitution made by those skilled in the art within the technical scope of the present invention shall be covered by the protection scope of the present invention.
Claims (6)
1. The seawater-mixed underwater undispersed concrete is characterized in that the materials mainly comprise: the concrete comprises fly ash, slag, an exciting agent, silica fume, a flocculating agent, a water reducing agent, fine aggregate, coarse aggregate and mixing water, wherein the exciting agent comprises water glass and sodium hydroxide, and the flocculating agent comprises polyacrylamide and bentonite compound;
the raw materials are combined with the test performance indexes, and the requirements and the parts by weight of the raw materials are as follows:
fly ash: 335-900 parts;
slag: 125-300 parts; s95 grade ground slag;
water glass: 30-50 parts; is sodium silicate and has a chemical formula of Na2O·nSiO2The modulus is 1.4;
sodium hydroxide: 3-5 parts; analyzing pure N;
polyacrylamide: 1.5-2.0 parts;
bentonite: 40-60 parts;
silica fume: 40-100 parts;
water reducing agent: 8-10 parts; a polycarboxylic acid-based high-efficiency water reducing agent;
coarse aggregate: 900-1100 parts; 5-25 mm continuous graded crushed stone;
fine aggregate: 600-800 parts; 1-5mm medium sand with fineness modulus of 2.6;
mixing water: 200-500 parts; yellow sea water;
the quality tolerance of the raw materials is as follows: fly ash: plus or minus 0.3 percent; slag: plus or minus 0.3 percent; exciting agent: plus or minus 0.3 percent; flocculating agent: plus or minus 0.3 percent; silica fume: plus or minus 0.3 percent; water reducing agent: plus or minus 0.3 percent; aggregate: plus or minus 0.5 percent; sea water: plus or minus 0.3 percent.
2. The seawater-blended underwater undispersed concrete as claimed in claim 1, wherein the CaO content in the fly ash is 3.63, the water demand ratio is 90%, and the specific surface area is 384m2/kg。
3. The seawater-blended underwater nondispersible concrete according to claim 1, wherein the slag density is 2.99g/cm3Specific surface area 499m2/kg。
4. The seawater-blended underwater nondispersive concrete according to claim 1, wherein the silica fume has a specific surface area of 21.1m2In terms of/g, the activity index is 112%.
5. A method of making a seawater-blended underwater nondispersible concrete according to any one of claims 1 to 4, comprising the steps of:
firstly, preparing an alkali activator:
adding accurately weighed NaOH into water glass, uniformly stirring, and performing ultrasonic stirring treatment to obtain a uniformly dispersed alkali-activated solution; taking the uniformly stirred mixed solution as gelled slurry a, sealing a polyethylene film on a cup opening, and aging to normal temperature for later use;
the second step is that: pouring the fly ash and the slag into a dry stirring pot, then uniformly pouring the alkali activator aged in the first step into the stirring pot, finally pouring 1/3 seawater, and stirring for 2-5 min to form a slurry, thereby obtaining a geopolymer gelled slurry a;
the third step: adding fine aggregate, coarse aggregate and 1/3 seawater into the gelled slurry a in the first step, and stirring for 30-90 s to obtain slurry b;
the fourth step: and adding the silica fume, the flocculating agent, the water reducing agent and the residual seawater into the slurry b, and continuously stirring for 60-100 s to obtain the underwater non-dispersible concrete.
6. The preparation method of the seawater-blended underwater undispersed concrete as claimed in the claim, wherein in the first step, the ultrasonic power is 360W, and the ultrasonic stirring treatment time is 3-5 min.
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| CN116715464A (en) * | 2023-06-13 | 2023-09-08 | 安徽华仕纳米科技有限公司 | Composite ultrafine powder and underwater non-dispersed concrete containing same |
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| CN116715464A (en) * | 2023-06-13 | 2023-09-08 | 安徽华仕纳米科技有限公司 | Composite ultrafine powder and underwater non-dispersed concrete containing same |
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