CN112721384A - 防弹、防毒一体化的防护衬及其制作方法 - Google Patents
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Abstract
本发明防弹、防毒一体化的防护衬及其制作方法,包括:TPU热合布、防水布、防弹层以及防毒层;所述防弹层与防毒层贴合后采用防水布包裹,再用所述TPU热合布包裹所述防水布;本发明独特之处在于防毒层的结构设计和防毒层与防弹层组合的工艺设计;其中防毒层的主体材料选择具有致密结构的石墨烯材料,原材料石墨烯溶液的制备工艺成熟,较容易获得;采用喷涂法在高目数砂纸上制备大面积石墨膜的工艺为本项目的独有设计,得到的自支撑石墨烯膜质量轻、强度高、缺陷少、品质均一;利用芳纶无纬布自带的粘性,采用平板硫化机将石墨烯膜与芳纶无纬布粘结,既弥补了使用过程中石墨烯膜易碎的弊端,又起到防弹作用,节约成本。
Description
技术领域
本发明属于防护技术领域,尤其是一种防弹、防毒一体化的防护 衬及其制作方法。
背景技术
防弹衣又称单兵防护装具,用于防护弹头或弹片对人体的伤害; 可吸收弹头或弹片的动能,对低速弹头或弹片有明显的防护效果,在 控制一定的凹陷情况下可减轻对人体胸、腹部的伤害;但现有的防弹 衣功能单一,不适合未来复杂条件下的作战需要;
在过去的十年中,混合战争概念在世界军事界引起强烈关注;全 球化影响和技术扩散等原因,使得传统的“大规模常规战争”和“小 规模非常规战争”逐步演变成一种战争界限更加模糊、作战样式更趋 融合的混合战争。使更多领域、更多要素进入战争,因此迫切需要在 防护装备上创造新的突破去应对新型战争;
目前,枪击站和毒剂战的混合战争频发,而现有的单兵防护装备 功能单一,有具备防弹防破片功能的防弹衣,有具有防毒气功能的化 学防护服,但都不具备多元化的功能特性,远远不能满足现代的军事 需求,迫切需要研制多功能化的防护服;
防护服主要包括防护内衬和外套,其中防护内衬是防护作用的主 体。现役防弹衣的防护内衬多为层层堆叠的芳纶无纬布,芳纶材料具 有优异的防弹性能,是重要的国防军工材料,但由于微观上大量的缺 陷结构,对毒剂分子没有很好的阻隔作用。
石墨烯是近年来碳系家族中一颗耀眼的明星,是由一层碳原子构 成的周期六方点阵蜂窝状二维晶体。其完美的大π共轭网络结构使其 具有优异的力学性能,独特的二维结构使其具有良好的成膜性,在航 空航天、国防军工等领域有着广泛的应用前景。石墨烯的微观结构毫 无缺陷,单层的石墨烯纳米片可以阻挡包括氦气、氢气等所有小分子 物质的通过,宏观的石墨烯膜层间距离只有0.334nm,任何原子分子 都无法渗透其平面,是理想的阻隔材料。
发明内容
本发明的目的是,提供一种防弹、防毒一体化的防护衬及其制作 方法,首先通过喷涂法,以砂纸为基体,制备品质均一的大面积石墨 烯膜,作为防毒层材料;然后通过科学的结构组合,利用两层芳纶无 纬布夹粘石墨烯膜的三明治结构,有效的解决了防毒层的设计,实现 了内衬兼具防弹与防毒的效果,重量轻,可应付未来复杂的作战环境。
为实现上述目的,本发明提供如下技术方案:
防弹、防毒一体化的防护衬及其制作方法,其中:
防弹、防毒一体化的防护衬,包括:TPU热合布、防弹层以及防 毒层;所述防弹层与防毒层贴合后采用所述TPU热合布包裹;
进一步的,所述防弹层采用层叠结构的芳纶无纬布;
作为一种举例说明,根据防弹等级要求,所述防弹层可选用不同 面密度、不同层数的芳纶无纬布作为防弹层结构;
进一步的,所述防毒层采用两层芳纶无纬布夹粘一层石墨烯膜的 三明治结构;所述石墨烯膜为防毒作用的主体材料,所述芳纶无纬布 可有效的保护所述石墨烯膜不被破坏;
作为一种举例说明,所述石墨烯膜是将采用Hummer′s法制备的 石墨烯浆料通过抽泡、透析等工艺制备出高纯度的石墨烯溶液,将石 墨烯溶液稀释至0.5mg/mL,加入到喷涂枪中,在7000目砂纸上均匀 喷涂,自然晾干,用小刀轻轻揭开边缘,石墨烯膜自然脱落,得到自 支撑大面积石墨烯膜;
作为一种举例说明,所述夹粘石墨烯膜的两层芳纶无纬布的面积 相等且均大于所述石墨烯膜的面积;
作为一种举例说明,所述防毒层的面积大于所述防弹层的面积;
作为一种举例说明,所述防毒层设置在防护衬的贴身面,迎弹面 为所述防弹层;
进一步的,所述TPU热合布最终通过热合形成整体防护衬;
一种防弹、防毒一体化的防护衬的制作方法,包括:
步骤一、防弹层采用芳纶无纬布层叠结构;
作为一种举例说明,根据需要,可以选用不同面密度、不同层数 的无纬布制作防弹层;
步骤二、防毒层采用两层芳纶无纬布夹粘一层石墨烯膜的三明治 结构,其中:
①石墨烯膜采用喷涂法制备,基体选用高目数的砂纸;
②石墨烯膜自然晾干后轻轻揭下,得到自支撑的大面积石墨烯 膜;
作为一种举例说明,轻轻揭下的操作是指采用小刀、刮刀等工具 从所述基体上剥离石墨烯膜;
③根据毒剂种类和作战时间,通过调整石墨烯溶液浓度,制备不 同厚度、不同防毒能力的防毒层;
⑤将石墨烯膜夹在两层芳纶无纬布之间,在平板硫化机上,通过 加温、加压,将其硫化成整体,得到防毒层;
作为一种举例说明,可根据石墨烯膜的厚度,来选择相应的硫化 温度、硫化时间和硫化压力;
步骤三、将防毒层裁剪成与防弹层形状一致,尺寸略大于防弹层 的片料;
步骤四、用TPU热合布将防毒层和防弹层包覆,并热合成一体;
本发明的有益效果:
1、轻质高强的石墨烯膜基本不增加原有防弹衣的重量,大大降 低了对战士造成的额外负担;
2、芳纶无纬布夹粘石墨烯膜的设计结构,不会减弱原有防弹衣 的防弹性能,石墨烯膜超高的力学性能也不会减弱防弹衣的使用寿命 和牢固性;
3、本发明通过简单的工艺,便实现防弹和防毒性能兼顾的目的;
4、防毒层在贴身面的设计结构,既节约了防毒层全包覆防弹层 的成本费用,又在贴身面实时保护人体不被毒剂侵害。
5、TPU热合布的热合工艺,保证了防护衬的防水性,提高防护 衬的防护性能和使用寿命。
6、本发明专利的亮点在于防毒层的结构设计和防毒层与防弹层 组合的工艺设计;其中防毒层的主体材料选择具有致密结构的石墨烯 材料,且目前原材料石墨烯溶液的制备工艺成熟,比较容易获得;采 用喷涂法在高目数砂纸上制备大面积石墨膜的工艺为本项目的独有 设计,得到的自支撑石墨烯膜质量轻、强度高、缺陷少、品质均一; 利用芳纶无纬布自带的粘性,采用平板硫化机将石墨烯膜与芳纶无纬 布粘结,既弥补了使用过程中石墨烯膜易碎的弊端,又起到防弹作用, 节约成本。
附图说明
图1是本发明防弹、防毒一体化的防护衬的整体结构示意图
图2是本发明防弹、防毒一体化的防护衬的防弹层结构示意图
图3是本发明防弹、防毒一体化的防护衬的防毒层结构示意图
具体实施方式
下面结合附图对本发明的优选实施例进行详细说明。
参照图1至图3所示,一种防弹、防毒一体化的防护衬及其制作 方法,其中:
一种防弹、防毒一体化的防护衬,包括:TPU热合布101、防弹 层102以及防毒层103;所述防弹层102与防毒层103贴合后采用所 述TPU热合布101包裹;
进一步的,所述防弹层102采用层叠结构的芳纶无纬布;
作为一种举例说明,根据防弹等级要求,所述防弹层102可选用 不同面密度、不同层数的芳纶无纬布作为防弹层结构;
进一步的,所述防毒层103采用两层芳纶无纬布中间夹粘一层石 墨烯膜的三明治结构;所述石墨烯膜作为防毒作用的主体材料,所述 芳纶无纬布可有效的保护所述石墨烯膜不被破坏;
作为一种举例说明,所述夹粘石墨烯膜的两层芳纶无纬布的面积 相等且均大于所述石墨烯膜的面积;
作为一种举例说明,所述防毒层103的面积大于所述防弹层102 的面积;
作为一种举例说明,所述防毒层103设置在防护衬的贴身面,迎 弹面为所述防弹层102;
进一步的,所述TPU热合布101最终通过热合形成整体防护衬;
一种防弹、防毒一体化的防护衬的制作方法,包括:
步骤一、防弹层102采用芳纶无纬布层叠结构;
作为一种举例说明,根据需要,可以选用不同面密度的无纬布制 作防弹层;
步骤二、防毒层103采用两层芳纶无纬布201中间夹粘一层石墨 烯膜202的三明治结构,其中:
①石墨烯膜202采用喷涂法制备,基体选用高目数的砂纸;
②石墨烯膜202自然晾干后轻轻揭下,得到自支撑的大面积石墨烯 膜;
作为一种举例说明,轻轻揭下的操作是指采用小刀、刮刀等工具 从所述基体上剥离石墨烯膜202;
③根据毒剂种类和作战时间,通过调整石墨烯溶液浓度制备不同厚 度、不同防毒能力的防毒层103;
④将石墨烯膜202夹在两层芳纶无纬布201之间,在合适尺寸的平 板硫化机上,通过加温、加压,将其硫化成整体,得到防毒层;
作为一种举例说明,可根据石墨烯膜202的厚度,来选择相应的 硫化温度、硫化时间和硫化压力;
步骤三、将防毒层103裁剪成与防弹层102形状一致,尺寸略大 于防弹层的片料;
步骤四、采用TPU热合布101防弹层102和防毒层103包覆,并 热合成一体;
本发明采用轻质高强的石墨烯膜202基本不增加原有防弹衣的 重量,大大降低了对战士造成的额外负担;防毒层103包覆防弹层的 设计结构,不会减弱原有防弹衣的防弹性能,石墨烯膜202超高的力 学性能也不会减弱防弹衣的使用寿命和牢固性;本发明通过简单的工 艺,便实现防弹和防毒性能兼顾的目的;防毒层103在贴身面的设计 结构,既节约了防毒层全包覆防弹层的成本费用,又在贴身面实时保 护人体不被毒剂侵害。TPU热合布101的热合工艺,保证了防护衬的 防水性,提高防护衬的防护性能和使用寿命。本发明专利的亮点在于 防毒层的结构设计和防毒层与防弹层组合的工艺设计;其中防毒层的 主体材料选择具有致密结构的石墨烯材料,且目前原材料石墨烯溶液 的制备工艺成熟,比较容易获得;采用喷涂法在高目数砂纸上制备大 面积石墨膜的工艺为本项目的独有设计,得到的自支撑石墨烯膜质量 轻、强度高、缺陷少、品质均一;利用芳纶无纬布自带的粘性,采用平板硫化机将石墨烯膜与芳纶无纬布粘结,既弥补了使用过程中石墨 烯膜易碎的弊端,又起到防弹作用,节约成本。
以上所述的仅为本发明的优选实施例,所应理解的是,以上实施 例的说明只是用于帮助理解本发明的方法及其核心思想,并不用于限 定本发明的保护范围,凡在本发明的思想和原则之内所做的任何修 改、等同替换等等,均应包含在本发明的保护范围之内。
Claims (9)
1.防弹、防毒一体化的防护衬,其特征在于,包括:TPU热合布、防水布、防弹层以及防毒层;所述防弹层与防毒层贴合后采用防水布包裹,再用所述TPU热合布包裹所述防水布;
所述防弹层采用层叠结构的芳纶无纬布;所述防毒层采用两层芳纶无纬布中间夹粘一层石墨烯膜的三明治结构;所述防水布与所述TPU热合布最终通过热合形成整体防护衬。
2.根据权利要求1所述的防弹、防毒一体化的防护衬,其特征在于,根据防弹等级要求,所述防弹层选用不同密度、不同层数的芳纶无纬布作为防弹层结构。
3.根据权利要求1所述的防弹、防毒一体化的防护衬,其特征在于,所述夹粘石墨烯膜的芳纶无纬布的面积相等且均大于所述石墨烯膜的面积。
4.根据权利要求1所述的防弹、防毒一体化的防护衬,其特征在于,所述防毒层的面积大于所述防弹层的面积。
5.根据权利要求1所述的防弹、防毒一体化的防护衬,其特征在于,所述防毒层设置在防护衬的贴身面,迎弹面为所述防弹层。
6.防弹、防毒一体化的防护衬的制作方法,其特征在于,包括:
步骤一、防弹层采用芳纶无纬布层叠结构;
步骤二、防毒层采用两层芳纶无纬布中间夹粘一层石墨烯膜的三明治结构,其中:
①石墨烯膜采用喷涂法制备,基体选用高目数砂纸;
②石墨烯膜自然晾干后轻轻揭下,得到自支撑的大面积石墨烯膜;
③根据毒剂种类和作战时间,通过调整石墨烯溶液浓度制备不同厚度、不同防毒能力的防毒层;
⑤在合适尺寸的平板硫化机上,通过加温、加压,将石墨烯膜夹在两层芳纶无纬布之间的三明治结构硫化成整体,得到防毒层;
步骤三、将防毒层裁剪成与防弹层形状一致,尺寸略大于防弹层的片料;
步骤四、用防水布将防毒层和防弹层包覆成整体,并缝合;
步骤五、采用TPU热合布将防水布包覆,并热合成一体。
7.根据权利要求6所述的防弹、防毒一体化的防护衬的制作方法,其特征在于,选用不同面密度的无纬布制作防弹层。
8.根据权利要求6所述的防弹、防毒一体化的防护衬的制作方法,其特征在于,所述轻轻揭下的操作是指采用小刀或刮刀工具从所述基体上剥离石墨烯膜。
9.根据权利要求6所述的防弹、防毒一体化的防护衬的制作方法,其特征在于,根据石墨烯膜的厚度,来选择相应的硫化温度、硫化时间和硫化压力。
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