CN112719667B - Plunger pump motor rotor bimetal structure process method - Google Patents
Plunger pump motor rotor bimetal structure process method Download PDFInfo
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- CN112719667B CN112719667B CN202011549943.1A CN202011549943A CN112719667B CN 112719667 B CN112719667 B CN 112719667B CN 202011549943 A CN202011549943 A CN 202011549943A CN 112719667 B CN112719667 B CN 112719667B
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B23—MACHINE TOOLS; METAL-WORKING NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
- B23K—SOLDERING OR UNSOLDERING; WELDING; CLADDING OR PLATING BY SOLDERING OR WELDING; CUTTING BY APPLYING HEAT LOCALLY, e.g. FLAME CUTTING; WORKING BY LASER BEAM
- B23K31/00—Processes relevant to this subclass, specially adapted for particular articles or purposes, but not covered by only one of the preceding main groups
- B23K31/02—Processes relevant to this subclass, specially adapted for particular articles or purposes, but not covered by only one of the preceding main groups relating to soldering or welding
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Abstract
The invention belongs to the field of machining, and discloses a plunger pump motor rotor bimetal structure process method, which is used for manufacturing a hydraulic plunger pump and a plunger motor and comprises the following steps: firstly, the size of a part to be welded is subjected to welding pretreatment, and the requirements of the size, form and position tolerance and roughness of a welding surface are ensured; secondly, sequentially carrying out gasoline cleaning, oil removal, acid cleaning, water washing, acetone cleaning, absolute ethyl alcohol wiping and blow drying on the parts to be welded; assembling the rotor steel matrix and the copper plate, and putting the rotor steel matrix and the copper plate into a vacuum diffusion furnace for diffusion welding in an axial pressurizing mode; fourthly, performing press fitting pretreatment on the plunger hole and the copper bush of the rotor steel substrate; fifthly, the copper bush is arranged in a plunger hole of the rotor steel matrix; and sixthly, extruding the local area of the outer surface of the copper bush into the annular groove of the inner wall of the plunger hole of the rotor steel matrix by using an auxiliary tool. The invention provides a plunger pump motor rotor bimetal structure process method combining diffusion welding and mechanical press fitting, which greatly improves the product quality and expands the new idea of plunger pump motor rotor bimetal structure process.
Description
Technical Field
The invention belongs to the field of machining, and relates to a process method for a dissimilar material structure, in particular to a process method for a plunger pump motor rotor bimetal structure.
Background
Due to high power-mass ratio, flexible and various control modes and high working pressure, the plunger type hydraulic pump and the hydraulic motor are not only widely applied to the military field of aerospace, aviation and the like, but also widely applied to civil use. The rotor and the sliding shoe are key friction pairs of a hydraulic pump motor, bear alternating stress, impact load, surface friction and abrasion and chemical action of media, bear the functions of force transmission, lubrication and sealing, and have the worst working condition, so that a rotor hole and an end face generally adopt a copper and steel bimetal structure, high precision and better abrasion resistance are required, and extremely high requirements are provided for the bonding strength and the service life of the rotor and the end face.
In the prior art, the technological method of the rotor copper and steel bimetal structure mainly comprises the following methods: the first one is welding, all adopt the diffusion welding technique to weld rotor copper and bush, and wherein the connection between copper bush and the plunger hole belongs to radial surface and connects, and it is extremely difficult to exert pressure during the diffusion welding, and the process is implemented comparatively complicatedly, has more technical problem for pressure inequality, welding quality is poor, and the product percent of pass is very low. The second one is casting, casting wear-resisting copper alloy directly on the rotor steel basal body, this method has copper alloy segregation, poor binding force, quality unstable scheduling problem to different extent. The third method is a cementing method, wherein a ring groove is processed on the inner wall of a plunger hole of a rotor, a groove is processed on the outer surface of a bushing, and the bushing is filled into the plunger hole by coating glue.
Disclosure of Invention
The purpose of the invention is as follows: the invention aims to provide a process method for a plunger pump motor rotor bimetal structure aiming at the defects in the technology, and aims to provide a process method capable of ensuring the qualified rate of a rotor and improving the reliability and stability of the rotor, which is used for manufacturing the plunger pump motor and other bimetal rotor structures.
The technical scheme of the invention is as follows:
a plunger pump motor rotor bimetal structure process method is characterized by comprising the following steps:
firstly, performing welding pretreatment on the size of a part to be welded to ensure the requirements of the size, form and position tolerance and roughness of a welding surface;
step two, sequentially carrying out gasoline cleaning, oil removal, acid cleaning, water washing, acetone cleaning, absolute ethyl alcohol wiping and blow drying on the parts to be welded;
step three, assembling the rotor steel matrix and the copper plate, and putting the rotor steel matrix and the copper plate into a vacuum diffusion furnace for diffusion welding in an axial pressurization mode;
step four, carrying out press-fitting pretreatment on the rotor steel base plunger hole and the copper bush to ensure the requirements of size, form and position tolerance and roughness;
step five, the copper bush is arranged in a plunger hole of a rotor steel base body;
and step six, extruding the local area of the outer surface of the copper bush into an axial ring groove on the inner wall of the plunger hole of the rotor steel matrix by using an auxiliary tool.
In the above process for manufacturing a bimetal structure of a plunger pump motor rotor, in the first step, the flatness of the copper welding end face is 0.01mm, the roughness is 0.8 μm, the flatness of the welding end face of the rotor steel matrix is 0.005mm, and the roughness is 0.8 μm, so as to ensure that the metal and the metal on the welding surface are in close contact.
The second step is specifically as follows: placing the rotor steel matrix in clean gasoline for ultrasonic treatment, drying the rotor steel matrix by using compressed air, cleaning the rotor steel matrix by using an acetone solution, drying the rotor steel matrix by using an electric hair drier after treatment, wiping the welding surface of the rotor steel matrix by using absolute ethyl alcohol, and drying the welding surface by using the electric hair drier; the copper plate is placed into an oil removing solution for soaking treatment, then washed by flowing hot water and cold water respectively, then placed into an acid solution for soaking treatment, washed by flowing cold water and hot water respectively, and finally soaked by acetone, wiped by absolute ethyl alcohol and blown to dry in sequence, so that the pollutants on the surface of the material blocking diffusion are damaged and decomposed, and the effective combination between welding metals is ensured.
The third step is specifically as follows: and (3) putting the rotor steel base body and the copper plate into the hearth, ensuring the rotor steel base body and the copper plate to be coaxial up and down, and axially pressurizing the rotor steel base body and the copper plate through the upper pressing plate to perform diffusion welding. The welding temperature range is 0.4 Tm-0.8 Tm, Tm is the melting point of a part to be welded, the welding heat preservation time is 50 min-130 min, and the welding pressure is 0.5 MPa-100 MPa, so that a joint with better bonding strength can be produced under the welding parameters.
And after the third step is finished, tempering the welded rotor so as to ensure the hardness of the steel matrix of the rotor and eliminate the thermal stress in the welding process.
In the fourth step, a plurality of axial ring grooves are formed in the inner wall of the plunger hole of the rotor steel substrate, the axial ring grooves are triangular ring grooves, the ring grooves are uniformly distributed along the axial direction of the plunger hole, and the number of the ring grooves is determined by the effective length of the plunger hole; the distance between the axial ring groove and the hole opening of the plunger hole is not less than 1 mm. The plunger hole had a cylindricity of 0.01mm and a roughness of 0.2. mu.m.
The fifth step is specifically as follows: firstly, placing a cooled copper bush into a heated rotor steel base plunger hole, wherein the copper bush and the rotor steel base plunger hole are in interference fit, and the interference magnitude is not more than 0.005 mm; the wall thickness of the copper bush is not more than 2mm, and a chamfer is arranged on an orifice of the upper end face of the copper bush to be used as a guide; and an auxiliary tool with one end of a spherical structure is axially pressed into the copper bush along the plunger hole, and graded press mounting is carried out as required, so that the copper bush is prevented from being damaged by overlarge stress in the extrusion process.
After the sixth step is completed, the rotor should be subjected to stress relief treatment in order to eliminate the extrusion stress in the process of press fitting the copper bush. The invention has the beneficial effects that:
compared with the prior art, the invention carries out oil removal and photochemical treatment on the end face to be welded, and finally carries out diffusion welding by using a uniaxial pressure application method, thus obtaining qualified welding joints by 100 percent; the copper bush enters the plunger hole of the rotor steel base body in a press-fitting mode, and compared with the existing process method, the quality of the bimetal plunger hole is more stable, and the reliability is higher. The invention breaks through the production bottleneck of the existing plunger pump motor rotor bimetal structure and widens the manufacturing process idea of the existing industry conventional rotor bimetal structure by an innovative process method combining end surface diffusion welding and copper bush press fitting.
Description of the drawings:
FIG. 1 is a schematic diagram of a bimetallic structure;
FIG. 2 is a top view of a bi-metal structure;
FIG. 3 is a schematic view of a bi-metallic structure weld;
fig. 4 is a schematic view of press fitting of a copper bush of a bimetal structure.
Detailed Description
The invention will be further described with reference to the following figures and examples, as shown in fig. 1.
A plunger pump motor rotor bimetal structure process method is characterized by comprising the following steps:
firstly, performing welding pretreatment on the size of a part to be welded to ensure the requirements of the size, form and position tolerance and roughness of a welding surface;
step two, sequentially carrying out gasoline cleaning, oil removal, acid cleaning, water washing, acetone cleaning, absolute ethyl alcohol wiping and blow drying on the parts to be welded;
step three, assembling the rotor steel matrix and the copper plate, and putting the rotor steel matrix and the copper plate into a vacuum diffusion furnace for diffusion welding in an axial pressurization mode;
step four, carrying out press-fitting pretreatment on the plunger hole and the copper bush of the rotor steel base body, and ensuring the requirements on size, form and position tolerance and roughness;
step five, the copper bush is arranged in a plunger hole of a rotor steel base body;
and step six, extruding the local area of the outer surface of the copper bush into an axial ring groove on the inner wall of the plunger hole of the rotor steel matrix by using an auxiliary tool.
The pump motor rotor typically has 9 or 11 plunger holes, evenly spaced, as shown in fig. 2.
In the above process for manufacturing a bimetal structure of a plunger pump motor rotor, in the first step, the flatness of the copper welding end face is 0.01mm, the roughness is 0.8 μm, the flatness of the welding end face of the rotor steel matrix is 0.005mm, and the roughness is 0.8 μm, so as to ensure that the metal and the metal on the welding surface are in close contact.
The second step is specifically as follows: placing the rotor steel matrix in clean gasoline for ultrasonic treatment, drying the rotor steel matrix by using compressed air, cleaning the rotor steel matrix by using an acetone solution, drying the rotor steel matrix by using an electric hair drier after treatment, wiping the welding surface of the rotor steel matrix by using absolute ethyl alcohol, and drying the welding surface by using the electric hair drier; the copper plate is placed into an oil removal solution for soaking treatment, then the copper plate is washed by flowing hot water and cold water respectively, then the copper plate is placed into an acid solution for soaking treatment, then the copper plate is washed by flowing cold water and hot water respectively, and finally acetone soaking, absolute ethyl alcohol wiping and blow-drying are sequentially carried out, so that the surface pollutants of the material blocking diffusion are destroyed and decomposed, and the effective combination between welding metals is ensured.
The third step is specifically as follows: putting the rotor steel base body and the copper plate into a hearth, ensuring the rotor steel base body and the copper plate to be coaxial up and down, axially pressurizing the rotor steel base body and the copper plate through an upper pressing plate, and performing diffusion welding, wherein the rotor steel base body and the copper plate are shown in figure 3; the welding temperature range is 0.4 Tm-0.8 Tm, Tm is the melting point of a part to be welded, the welding heat preservation time is 50 min-130 min, and the welding pressure is 0.5 MPa-100 MPa, so that a joint with better bonding strength can be produced under the welding parameters.
And after the third step is finished, tempering the welded rotor so as to ensure the hardness of the rotor steel matrix and eliminate the thermal stress in the welding process.
In the fourth step, a plurality of axial ring grooves are formed in the inner wall of the plunger hole of the rotor steel substrate, the axial ring grooves are triangular ring grooves, the ring grooves are uniformly distributed along the axial direction of the plunger hole, and the number of the ring grooves is determined by the effective length of the plunger hole; the distance between the axial ring groove and the hole opening of the plunger hole is not less than 1 mm. The plunger hole had a cylindricity of 0.01mm and a roughness of 0.2. mu.m.
The fifth step is specifically as follows: firstly, placing a cooled copper bush into a heated rotor steel base plunger hole, wherein the copper bush and the rotor steel base plunger hole are in interference fit, and the interference magnitude is not more than 0.005 mm; the wall thickness of the copper bush is not more than 2mm, and a chamfer is arranged on an orifice of the upper end face of the copper bush to be used as a guide; and (3) pressing an auxiliary tool with one spherical end into the copper bush along the axial direction of the plunger hole, and performing graded press mounting according to requirements to prevent the copper bush from being damaged by overlarge stress in the extrusion process, as shown in fig. 4. .
After the sixth step is completed, the rotor should be subjected to stress relief treatment in order to eliminate the extrusion stress in the process of press fitting the copper bush.
Claims (6)
1. A plunger pump motor rotor bimetal structure process method is characterized by comprising the following steps:
the method comprises the following steps: the size of a part to be welded is subjected to welding pretreatment, and the requirements of the size, form and position tolerance and roughness of a welding surface are ensured;
step two: then sequentially carrying out gasoline cleaning, oil removal, acid cleaning, water flushing, acetone cleaning, absolute ethyl alcohol wiping and blow drying on the parts to be welded;
step three: assembling a rotor steel matrix and a copper plate, and putting the rotor steel matrix and the copper plate into a vacuum diffusion furnace for diffusion welding in an axial pressurization mode;
step four: tempering the welded rotor;
step five: carrying out press fitting pretreatment on the rotor steel matrix plunger hole and the copper bush, and arranging a plurality of axial ring grooves on the inner wall of the rotor steel matrix plunger hole, wherein the axial ring grooves are triangular ring grooves, and the distance between the axial ring grooves and the hole opening of the plunger hole is not less than 1mm;
step six: the copper bush is arranged in a plunger hole of a rotor steel matrix, and the interference magnitude is not more than 0.005 mm; the wall thickness of the copper bush is not more than 2 mm;
step seven: extruding the local area of the outer surface of the copper bush into an axial ring groove on the inner wall of a plunger hole of a rotor steel base body by using an auxiliary tool;
step eight: and (4) carrying out stress relief treatment on the rotor.
2. The process of claim 1, wherein in step one, the flatness of the brazed end face is 0.01mm and the roughness is 0.8 μm, and the flatness of the brazed end face of the rotor steel substrate is 0.005mm and the roughness is 0.8 μm.
3. The plunger pump motor rotor bimetal structure process method according to claim 1, wherein the second step is specifically as follows: placing the rotor steel matrix in clean gasoline for ultrasonic treatment, drying the rotor steel matrix by using compressed air, cleaning the rotor steel matrix by using an acetone solution, drying the rotor steel matrix by using an electric hair drier after treatment, wiping the welding surface of the rotor steel matrix by using absolute ethyl alcohol, and drying the welding surface by using the electric hair drier; soaking the copper plate in an oil removing solution, washing the copper plate with flowing hot water and cold water respectively, soaking the copper plate in an acid solution, washing the copper plate with flowing cold water and hot water respectively, and finally sequentially soaking the copper plate in acetone, wiping the copper plate with absolute ethyl alcohol and drying the copper plate.
4. The plunger pump motor rotor bimetal structure process method according to claim 1, wherein the third step is specifically as follows: put into furnace with rotor steel base body and copper, rotor steel base body and copper are guaranteed coaxially from top to bottom, carry out the axial pressurization to rotor steel base body and copper through the top board, carry out the diffusion welding: the welding temperature range is 0.4 Tm-0.8 Tm, Tm is the melting point of the part to be welded, the welding heat preservation time is 50 min-130 min, and the welding pressure is 0.5 MPa-100 MPa.
5. The process of claim 1, wherein in step five, the ring grooves are uniformly distributed along the axial direction of the plunger hole, and the number of the ring grooves is determined by the effective length of the plunger hole.
6. The plunger pump motor rotor bimetal structure process method according to claim 1, wherein the sixth step is specifically: firstly, placing a copper bush subjected to cooling treatment into a rotor steel matrix plunger hole subjected to heating treatment, wherein a chamfer is arranged on an orifice on the upper end face of the copper bush and used as a guide; and pressing an auxiliary tool with one end of a spherical structure into the copper bush along the axial direction of the plunger hole, and performing graded press mounting according to requirements.
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| CN113751839A (en) * | 2021-08-20 | 2021-12-07 | 合肥聚能电物理高技术开发有限公司 | Plug welding tool and plug welding process for nitrogen pipe and nitrogen screen |
| CN114012233A (en) * | 2021-11-24 | 2022-02-08 | 山东常林机械集团股份有限公司 | Diffusion welding method for plunger hole copper bush of hydraulic pump/motor cylinder |
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| GB954750A (en) * | 1962-03-13 | 1964-04-08 | Daimler Benz Ag | Improvements relating to rotary-piston internal combustion engines |
| CN102528264B (en) * | 2011-12-05 | 2013-09-18 | 西安东瑞机械制造有限公司 | Bimetal vacuum diffusion welding method of hydraulic pump/motor cylinder body |
| CN104057201B (en) * | 2014-06-27 | 2016-04-27 | 中航力源液压股份有限公司 | The two alloy structure diffusion welding method of plunger hydraulic pump motor rotor |
| CN206397724U (en) * | 2016-12-26 | 2017-08-11 | 宁波派锐森液压有限公司 | A kind of cylinder body of plunger pump |
| CN208067707U (en) * | 2018-03-05 | 2018-11-09 | 江苏恒神股份有限公司 | A kind of simple wire bushing interference mounting tool |
| CN211598892U (en) * | 2019-11-14 | 2020-09-29 | 潍柴动力股份有限公司 | Fuel injector bush sealing structure and engine with same |
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