CN112716562A - Medullary cavity reaming device matched with intramedullary nail anatomy - Google Patents

Medullary cavity reaming device matched with intramedullary nail anatomy Download PDF

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Publication number
CN112716562A
CN112716562A CN202011578055.2A CN202011578055A CN112716562A CN 112716562 A CN112716562 A CN 112716562A CN 202011578055 A CN202011578055 A CN 202011578055A CN 112716562 A CN112716562 A CN 112716562A
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reaming
intramedullary nail
rigid
section
rod
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CN112716562B (en
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房志刚
李平敬
贺军
陆立荣
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Dean Medical Technology Co ltd
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Dean Medical Technology Co ltd
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    • AHUMAN NECESSITIES
    • A61MEDICAL OR VETERINARY SCIENCE; HYGIENE
    • A61BDIAGNOSIS; SURGERY; IDENTIFICATION
    • A61B17/00Surgical instruments, devices or methods, e.g. tourniquets
    • A61B17/16Bone cutting, breaking or removal means other than saws, e.g. Osteoclasts; Drills or chisels for bones; Trepans
    • A61B17/1659Surgical rasps, files, planes, or scrapers
    • AHUMAN NECESSITIES
    • A61MEDICAL OR VETERINARY SCIENCE; HYGIENE
    • A61BDIAGNOSIS; SURGERY; IDENTIFICATION
    • A61B17/00Surgical instruments, devices or methods, e.g. tourniquets
    • A61B17/56Surgical instruments or methods for treatment of bones or joints; Devices specially adapted therefor
    • A61B17/58Surgical instruments or methods for treatment of bones or joints; Devices specially adapted therefor for osteosynthesis, e.g. bone plates, screws, setting implements or the like
    • A61B17/68Internal fixation devices, including fasteners and spinal fixators, even if a part thereof projects from the skin
    • A61B17/72Intramedullary pins, nails or other devices

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  • Health & Medical Sciences (AREA)
  • Surgery (AREA)
  • Orthopedic Medicine & Surgery (AREA)
  • Life Sciences & Earth Sciences (AREA)
  • Heart & Thoracic Surgery (AREA)
  • Veterinary Medicine (AREA)
  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Biomedical Technology (AREA)
  • Nuclear Medicine, Radiotherapy & Molecular Imaging (AREA)
  • Medical Informatics (AREA)
  • Molecular Biology (AREA)
  • Animal Behavior & Ethology (AREA)
  • General Health & Medical Sciences (AREA)
  • Public Health (AREA)
  • Neurology (AREA)
  • Dentistry (AREA)
  • Oral & Maxillofacial Surgery (AREA)
  • Surgical Instruments (AREA)

Abstract

The invention relates to a medullary cavity reaming device matched with intramedullary nail anatomy, which has the innovation points that: including the rigidity reaming pole, be equipped with the reaming arch of vertically and horizontally staggered arrangement on the periphery wall of rigidity reaming pole, the rigidity reaming pole is including distal end section, near-end section and the section of handling that each other is as an organic whole or fixed connection, the whole of distal end section is the arc form. The invention can cut bone to shape and ream the medullary cavity, and establish an insertion channel matched with the anatomical shape of the intramedullary nail, and reduce the extrusion force and deformation of the medullary cavity wall applied to the intramedullary nail in the insertion process, so that the far-end aiming device can keep the same accuracy as that in vitro after being inserted into the medullary cavity when the intramedullary nail is implanted subsequently, and the positioning accuracy is improved.

Description

Medullary cavity reaming device matched with intramedullary nail anatomy
Technical Field
The invention relates to a reaming device, in particular to a reaming device suitable for femoral and tibial medullary cavities in an orthopedic operation, and belongs to the technical field of medical instruments.
Background
Modern tibial intramedullary nails are widely applied to bone fracture and have the advantages of simple operation, stable structure and small wound. In the traditional intramedullary nail fixation operation, the problem of low precision always exists in the location aiming of the distal end hole site of the intramedullary nail, and the main reason is that the intramedullary nail is deformed by the extrusion of the medullary cavity wall in the process of being inserted into the medullary cavity, so that deviation is generated between the intramedullary nail and an external aiming device, the phenomenon of inaccurate location is caused, and the operation efficiency and the effect are further influenced. In order to overcome the above phenomena, a doctor can pre-establish a channel for facilitating the insertion of an intramedullary nail, specifically, a soft rod is provided with a drill bit with a specification adapted at the head part, and the medullary cavity is reamed by the drill bit.
Disclosure of Invention
The purpose of the invention is: provides a medullary cavity reaming device which can ream the medullary cavity by cutting bone, establishes an insertion channel matched with the anatomical shape of the intramedullary nail and reduces the medullary cavity wall extrusion force applied to the intramedullary nail in the insertion process.
In order to achieve the purpose, the technical scheme of the invention is as follows: the utility model provides a reaming device of pulp cavity with intramedullary nail anatomy assorted which innovation point lies in: including the rigidity reaming pole, be equipped with the reaming arch of vertically and horizontally staggered arrangement on the periphery wall of rigidity reaming pole, the rigidity reaming pole is including distal end section, near-end section and the section of handling that each other is as an organic whole or fixed connection, the whole of distal end section is the arc form.
In the above technical scheme, the rigid reaming rod is a hollow rod, and the outer wall of the rigid reaming rod is provided with a through hole communicated with the inner cavity of the rigid reaming rod and used for draining bone marrow grease.
In the above technical solution, the through hole is a circular through hole or a kidney-circular through hole.
In the technical scheme, the radian of the distal section of the rigid reaming rod is 4-8 degrees.
In the technical scheme, the head of the distal end section of the rigid reaming rod is provided with a guide conical section, and the outer surface of the guide conical section is smooth.
In the above technical solution, the proximal section of the rigid reamer spindle is entirely conical.
In the above technical scheme, part of the peripheral wall of the handling section of the rigid reaming rod is provided with the reaming bulges which are arranged in a criss-cross manner, the peripheral wall of the rest part is smooth, and the tail part of the rest part is provided with the positioning notch connected with the electric tool.
In the technical scheme, the whole handling section of the rigid reaming rod is arc-shaped, the radian of the handling section is 3-7 degrees, and the outer diameter of the far-end section of the rigid reaming rod is smaller than that of the handling section.
In the above technical solution, the whole of the handling section is arc-shaped, and a plane where the arc-shaped handling section is located is perpendicular to a plane where the arc-shaped distal end section is located.
In the technical scheme, the reaming bulge of the rigid reaming rod is a file tooth or a bulge with a pointed head at the end part, and when the expansion bulge is the file tooth, the height of the expansion bulge is controlled within the range of 0.8 mm-2 mm.
The invention has the positive effects that: after the medullary cavity reaming device matched with the intramedullary nail anatomy is adopted, the rigid reaming rod comprises the rigid reaming rod, the reaming bulges which are arranged in a criss-cross mode are arranged on the peripheral wall of the rigid reaming rod, the rigid reaming rod comprises the distal end section, the proximal end section and the operating section which are integrated or fixedly connected, the whole body of the distal end section is arc-shaped, if the intramedullary nail is not easy to implant due to small space in the medullary cavity, a doctor inserts the rigid reaming rod into the medullary cavity in advance, and the rigid reaming rod vibrates in the medullary cavity repeatedly, so that the reaming bulges on the peripheral wall of the rigid reaming rod can cut off bone on the medullary cavity wall, the shaping reaming effect is improved, and therefore compared with the prior art, the rigid reaming rod can establish an insertion channel matched with the intramedullary nail anatomy shape, and reduce the extrusion force of the medullary cavity wall applied to the intramedullary nail in the insertion process, The deformation enables the far-end aiming device inserted into the medullary cavity to keep the same accuracy in vitro, and ensures that the intramedullary nail can be inserted more smoothly, so that the accurate reaming of the medullary cavity is realized, the far-end positioning aiming accuracy of the intramedullary nail is improved, and the operation efficiency and effect of the subsequent implanted intramedullary nail are improved.
Drawings
FIG. 1 is a schematic structural diagram of an embodiment of the present invention;
FIG. 2 is a schematic left side view of FIG. 1;
FIG. 3 is a schematic view of a rigid reamer bar of the present invention in partial cross-section;
FIG. 4 is an enlarged schematic view of the counterbore protrusion of FIG. 1;
FIG. 5 is a schematic perspective view of the present invention;
fig. 6 is a schematic diagram of fig. 4 after the plane is established.
Detailed Description
The invention is further illustrated, but not limited, by the following examples in connection with the accompanying drawings.
As shown in fig. 1, 2, 3, 4 and 5, a medullary cavity reaming device anatomically matched with an intramedullary nail comprises a rigid reaming rod 1, wherein reaming protrusions 2 which are arranged in a criss-cross manner are arranged on the peripheral wall of the rigid reaming rod 1, the rigid reaming rod 1 comprises a distal end section 11, a proximal end section 12 and a handling section 13 which are integrated or fixedly connected with each other, and the entirety of the distal end section 11 is arc-shaped.
When a prior femur or tibia fracture needs to be reamed, excessive medullary cavity pressure can cause fat particles in the bone marrow to enter blood vessels from ruptured veins. These fat particles tend to cause pulmonary embolism as the blood flows to the lungs; flow to the heart is liable to cause myocardial infarction; it flows to the brain and is liable to cause cerebral infarction. In order to solve the problem, as shown in fig. 3, the rigid reaming rod 1 is a hollow rod, and a plurality of through holes 3 communicated with an inner cavity of the rigid reaming rod 1 and distributed in a staggered manner for draining bone marrow grease are arranged on the outer wall of the rigid reaming rod 1. Thus, when the invention works, bone substances such as dropped marrow, extruded yellow bone marrow and the like can enter the inner cavity of the rigid reaming rod 1 through the through hole 3, thereby greatly reducing the possibility that the yellow bone marrow is extruded into blood vessels and preventing the occurrence of fat loss.
As shown in FIG. 4, in order to make the structure more reasonable, the through hole 3 is a circular through hole or a kidney-shaped through hole.
As shown in fig. 2 and 5, further, in order to make the present invention capable of keeping the same with different intramedullary nail anatomical shapes, the radian of the distal section 11 is 4-8 °. That is, as shown in FIG. 2, the distal section has an outward deflection angle A of 4 to 8.
As shown in fig. 1 and 2, in order to provide a guiding function during the insertion of the rigid reamer 1, the head of the distal section 11 of the rigid reamer 1 is provided with a guiding conical section 111, and the outer surface of the guiding conical section 111 is smooth.
As shown in fig. 1 and 2, in order to further improve the structural rationality of the present invention, the proximal section 12 of the rigid reamer 1 is generally conical.
As shown in fig. 1, 2 and 5, in order to connect the handling section 13 with an external electric tool and improve the operation feeling of a doctor, part of the outer peripheral wall of the handling section 13 of the rigid reaming rod 1 is provided with reaming protrusions 2 arranged in a criss-cross manner, the outer peripheral wall of the rest part is smooth, and the tail part of the rest part is provided with a positioning notch 131 connected with the electric tool.
As shown in fig. 1 and 4, in order to further improve the consistency of the present invention with different anatomical shapes of intramedullary nails, the handling section 13 of the rigid reamer rod 1 is arc-shaped as a whole, and the radian of the handling section 13 is 3 to 7 °. That is, as shown in fig. 1, the handling section 13 has an outward deviation angle B of 3 ° to 7 °.
As shown in fig. 6, in order to ensure that the channel of the reaming device can be consistent with the implantation channel of the intramedullary nail implant when the reaming device is placed in the intramedullary canal, and the hole pattern can also be consistent with the intramedullary canal nail after the reaming device is used for reaming, so as to ensure that the intramedullary canal nail is conveniently implanted, the whole handling section 13 of the rigid reaming rod 1 is arc-shaped, and the plane of the arc-shaped handling section 13 is vertical to the plane of the arc-shaped distal end section 11.
As shown in fig. 1 and 2, in order to enhance the rigidity strength of the handling section 13 of the rigid reamer 1, the outer diameter of the distal end section 11 of the rigid reamer 1 is smaller than the outer diameter of the handling section 13.
As shown in fig. 1, 2 and 5, in order to achieve bone filing in the medullary cavity and improve reaming effect, the reaming protrusion 2 of the rigid reaming rod 1 is a tooth or a protrusion with a tip at the end.
As shown in FIG. 3, it is further preferable that the expansion protrusion 2 of the present invention is a rasp, so that the hole expanding efficiency can be improved, and the height thereof is controlled within a range of 0.8mm to 2 mm.
The working principle of the invention is as follows: if the space in the medullary cavity is small and the intramedullary nail is not easy to implant, before that, a doctor inserts the rigid reaming rod 1 into the medullary cavity in advance, and the operating section 13 of the rigid reaming rod 1 is connected with an external electric tool, the rigid reaming rod 1 vibrates in the medullary cavity in a reciprocating way under the action of the electric tool, so that the reaming bulge 2 on the outer peripheral wall of the rigid reaming rod 1 realizes bone contusion on the medullary cavity wall, and the shaping reaming effect is improved, therefore, compared with the prior art, the invention can establish an insertion channel matched with the anatomical shape of the intramedullary nail, reduce the extrusion force and deformation of the medullary cavity wall in the insertion process of the intramedullary nail, ensure that the far-end aiming device can keep the same accuracy as that in vitro after the far-end aiming device is inserted into the medullary cavity when the intramedullary nail is subsequently implanted, ensure that the intramedullary nail can be inserted more smoothly, realize the accurate reaming of the medullary cavity, and improve the far-end positioning aiming accuracy of, thereby improving the operation efficiency and effect of subsequent intramedullary nail implantation. And a plurality of through holes 3 which are communicated with the inner cavity of the rigid hole expanding rod 1 and are arranged in a staggered manner for draining bone marrow grease are arranged on the outer wall of the rigid hole expanding rod 1. Thus, when the invention works, bone substances such as dropped marrow, extruded yellow bone marrow and the like can enter the inner cavity of the rigid reaming rod 1 through the through hole 3, thereby greatly reducing the possibility that the yellow bone marrow is extruded into blood vessels and preventing the occurrence of fat loss.
In conclusion, the reaming rod of the medullary cavity reaming device is anatomically matched with an intramedullary nail, even if the distal aiming device of the subsequently implanted intramedullary nail is inserted into the medullary cavity and keeps the same accuracy in vitro, in addition, the invention can also ensure that dropped bone substances, extruded yellow bone marrow and other substances can enter the inner cavity of the rigid reaming rod 1 through the through hole 3 in the shaping reaming process, thus greatly reducing the possibility that the yellow bone marrow is extruded into blood vessels and preventing the occurrence probability of fat loss.
In light of the foregoing description of the preferred embodiment of the present invention, many modifications and variations will be apparent to those skilled in the art without departing from the spirit and scope of the invention. The technical scope of the present invention is not limited to the content of the specification, and must be determined according to the scope of the claims.

Claims (10)

1. A medullary cavity reaming device matched with intramedullary nail anatomy is characterized in that: including rigidity reaming pole (1), be equipped with the reaming arch (2) that vertically and horizontally staggered arranged on the periphery wall of rigidity reaming pole (1), rigidity reaming pole (1) is including each other distal end section (11), near-end section (12) and the section of handling (13) that are integrative or fixed connection, the whole of distal end section (11) is the arc form.
2. The intramedullary canal reaming device compatible with intramedullary nail anatomy of claim 1, wherein: the rigid reaming rod (1) is a hollow rod, and a through hole (3) communicated with the inner cavity of the rigid reaming rod (1) and used for draining bone marrow grease is formed in the outer wall of the rigid reaming rod.
3. The intramedullary canal reaming device compatible with intramedullary nail anatomy of claim 1, wherein: the through hole (3) is a circular through hole or a waist-round through hole.
4. The intramedullary canal reaming device compatible with intramedullary nail anatomy of claim 1, wherein: the radian of the distal end section (11) of the rigid reaming rod (1) is 4-8 degrees.
5. The intramedullary canal reaming device compatible with intramedullary nail anatomy of claim 1, wherein: the head of the far end section (11) of the rigid reaming rod (1) is provided with a guide conical section (111), and the outer surface of the guide conical section (111) is smooth.
6. The intramedullary canal reaming device compatible with intramedullary nail anatomy of claim 1, wherein: the whole body of the proximal end section (12) of the rigid hole expanding rod (1) is conical.
7. The intramedullary canal reaming device compatible with intramedullary nail anatomy of claim 1, wherein: the outer peripheral wall of a part of the handling section (13) of the rigid hole expanding rod (1) is provided with hole expanding bulges (2) which are arranged in a criss-cross mode, the outer peripheral wall of the rest part is smooth, and the tail part of the rest part is provided with a positioning notch (131) connected with an electric tool.
8. The intramedullary canal reaming device compatible with intramedullary nail anatomy of claim 1, wherein: the whole handling section (13) of the rigid reaming rod (1) is arc-shaped, the radian of the handling section (13) is 3-7 degrees, and the outer diameter of the far end section (11) of the rigid reaming rod (1) is smaller than that of the handling section (13).
9. The intramedullary canal reaming device compatible with intramedullary nail anatomy of claim 1, wherein: the whole handling section (13) is arc-shaped, and the plane where the arc-shaped handling section (13) is located is perpendicular to the plane where the arc-shaped far-end section (11) is located.
10. The intramedullary canal reaming device compatible with intramedullary nail anatomy of claim 1, wherein: the reaming bulge (2) of the rigid reaming rod (1) is a file tooth or a bulge with a pointed end at the end part, and when the expansion bulge (2) is a file tooth, the height of the expansion bulge is controlled within the range of 0.8 mm-2 mm.
CN202011578055.2A 2020-12-07 2020-12-28 Intramedullary cavity reaming device matched with intramedullary nail dissection Active CN112716562B (en)

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CN2020114286940 2020-12-07

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* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
CN112716562B (en) * 2020-12-07 2024-10-15 迪恩医疗科技有限公司 Intramedullary cavity reaming device matched with intramedullary nail dissection

Citations (6)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
DE3146065A1 (en) * 1981-11-20 1983-05-26 Ortopedia Gmbh, 2300 Kiel Intramedullary force carrier
CN109893201A (en) * 2017-12-11 2019-06-18 北京纳通医学科技研究院有限公司 A kind of expansion marrow reamer and hip joint anterior approach instrument packet
CN210872176U (en) * 2019-07-08 2020-06-30 安徽佰陆小动物骨科器械有限公司 Medullary dilator for small animals
CN211049682U (en) * 2019-07-08 2020-07-21 安徽佰陆小动物骨科器械有限公司 Medullary cavity reamer for small animals
CN211962163U (en) * 2019-12-10 2020-11-20 苏州微创脊柱创伤医疗科技有限公司 Intramedullary nail
CN214907672U (en) * 2020-12-07 2021-11-30 迪恩医疗科技有限公司 Medullary cavity reaming device matched with intramedullary nail anatomy

Patent Citations (6)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
DE3146065A1 (en) * 1981-11-20 1983-05-26 Ortopedia Gmbh, 2300 Kiel Intramedullary force carrier
CN109893201A (en) * 2017-12-11 2019-06-18 北京纳通医学科技研究院有限公司 A kind of expansion marrow reamer and hip joint anterior approach instrument packet
CN210872176U (en) * 2019-07-08 2020-06-30 安徽佰陆小动物骨科器械有限公司 Medullary dilator for small animals
CN211049682U (en) * 2019-07-08 2020-07-21 安徽佰陆小动物骨科器械有限公司 Medullary cavity reamer for small animals
CN211962163U (en) * 2019-12-10 2020-11-20 苏州微创脊柱创伤医疗科技有限公司 Intramedullary nail
CN214907672U (en) * 2020-12-07 2021-11-30 迪恩医疗科技有限公司 Medullary cavity reaming device matched with intramedullary nail anatomy

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