CN211325357U

CN211325357U - Reamer for medullary cavity

Info

Publication number: CN211325357U
Application number: CN201921818392.7U
Authority: CN
Inventors: 李成山; 史春宝; 解凤宝; 程振博
Original assignee: Beijing Chunlizhengda Medical Instruments Co Ltd
Current assignee: Beijing Chunlizhengda Medical Instruments Co Ltd
Priority date: 2019-10-25
Filing date: 2019-10-25
Publication date: 2020-08-25
Anticipated expiration: 2029-10-25

Abstract

The utility model belongs to the field of medical equipment, a pulp cavity reamer is disclosed. According to the utility model discloses a medullary cavity reamer, including coaxial continuous action bars, anchoring bulb and reamer head in proper order, wherein the ratio of the external diameter size of anchoring bulb and reamer head's length is greater than 1 and is less than 2. The utility model discloses a medullary cavity reamer can realize carrying out the effective reaming marrow of adaptability along with the shape in medullary cavity to the good implantation position of the false body of follow-up implantation in medullary cavity has been guaranteed.

Description

Reamer for medullary cavity

Technical Field

The utility model belongs to the field of medical equipment, concretely relates to pulp cavity reamer.

Background

The medullary cavity reamer is an important surgical tool for reaming and reaming the medullary cavity of the femur in the hip joint replacement operation. The reaming mode of the medullary cavity reamer is similar to that of a reamer machined by common machinery, and the main cutting object is cancellous bone.

The existing intramedullary cavity reamer technology is mature at present, and can meet the needs of most conventional hip joint operations. However, as the demand for hip replacement is increasing, so too is the need for revision hip surgery. In hip revision surgery, an elongated femoral stem is often required to be implanted, and the elongated femoral stem must be matched with the femoral stem due to the existence of the femoral anterior arch, so that certain requirements are provided for marrow enlargement of a medullary cavity. The soft medullary cavity reamer is usually used for reaming the medullary cavity in the prior art, and although the soft medullary cavity reamer can complete reaming to a certain degree and simultaneously avoid the problem that the reamer itself breaks through cortical bone, effective reaming in the deeper medullary cavity at the tail end of the front femoral arch can not be completely realized, which easily causes the position of the implanted femoral stem prosthesis to be poor, thereby causing the problem that the femur is easy to fracture. In addition, the existing soft reamer for medullary cavity has no way to block the medullary cavity in the renovation operation and to fill and harden the bone cement.

In response to the deficiencies of the prior art, it would be desirable to have an intramedullary canal reamer capable of achieving effective reaming that is adaptive to the shape of the intramedullary canal to ensure a good implantation position of a subsequently implanted prosthesis within the intramedullary canal.

SUMMERY OF THE UTILITY MODEL

In order to solve all or part of the problems, the utility model aims to provide a medullary cavity reamer which can realize the effective medullary expansion along with the shape of the medullary cavity so as to ensure the good implantation position of the subsequently implanted prosthesis in the medullary cavity.

According to the utility model discloses a medullary cavity reamer, including coaxial continuous action bars, anchoring bulb and reamer head in proper order, wherein the ratio of the external diameter size of anchoring bulb and reamer head's length is greater than 1 and is less than 2.

Furthermore, at least one cutting channel extending from the tail end of the reamer head to the anchoring ball head is formed on the reamer head, and a through hole communicated with the cutting channel is formed on the anchoring ball head.

Furthermore, a plurality of cutting channels extending from the tail end of the reamer head to the anchoring ball head are formed on the reamer head, a plurality of through holes communicated with the corresponding cutting channels are formed on the anchoring ball head, and the through holes are communicated with each other.

Further, the cutting channel has a tapering width in a direction towards the through hole.

Further, the reamer head includes a plurality of coaxially connected cutting posts, each cutting post having an outer diameter dimension that decreases in a direction from the anchoring bulb toward the reamer head.

Further, the end of the reamer head distal to the cutting post of the anchoring bulb is configured as a tip.

Further, the outer diameter dimension of the anchoring bulb is less than the inner diameter dimension of the human medullary cavity and greater than 4/5 of the inner diameter dimension of the human medullary cavity.

Further, the ratio of the outer diameter dimension of the operating rod to the outer diameter dimension of the anchoring ball head is greater than 1: 5.

Further, the outer diameter dimension of the operating rod is smaller than the outer diameter dimension of the cutting post of the reamer head near the anchoring bulb.

Further, the operating rod, the anchoring ball head and the reamer head are integrally formed.

The utility model discloses a real pulp cavity reamer with simple exquisite design, solved among the reaming, especially in the joint revision operation pulp cavity reamer easily break through the cortex bone and can not effectively ream the problem of marrow along with the pulp cavity shape in the human pulp cavity. The utility model discloses a pulp cavity reamer can be in the effective anchor nail of division of marrow point, realizes division of marrow and can expand the marrow immediately, and its direction is easily controlled, trafficability characteristic is strong, not only laborsaving still can effectively reduce the perspective number of times, has very high clinical use value.

Drawings

Fig. 1 is a schematic structural view of an intramedullary canal reamer according to an embodiment of the present invention;

FIG. 2 is a cross-sectional view of the intramedullary canal reamer of FIG. 1;

fig. 3 is a schematic view of the intramedullary reamer according to an embodiment of the present invention.

Detailed Description

For better understanding of the purpose, structure and function of the present invention, the present invention will be described in detail with reference to the accompanying drawings.

Fig. 1 and 2 illustrate the structure of an intramedullary canal reamer 100 according to an embodiment of the present invention. Referring to fig. 1 and 2, the intramedullary reamer 100 includes a shaft 1, an anchoring ball 2, and a reamer head 3, which are coaxially connected in sequence. Wherein the ratio of the outer diameter dimension of the anchoring bulb 2 to the length of the reamer head 3 is greater than 1 and less than 2.

Fig. 3 shows a schematic view of the intramedullary canal reamer 100 of an embodiment of the present invention inserted into the intramedullary canal 200 of a human femur for reaming during a hip revision surgery. When the intramedullary reamer 100 of the present invention is in use, the intramedullary reamer 100 may be inserted into the femoral intramedullary canal 200 to remove cancellous bone 201. Through the design of the anchoring ball head 2 and the reamer head 3, the intramedullary canal reamer 100 can be ensured to be always positioned in the center of the medullary canal of a patient, and for the femoral anterior arch of the medullary canal (namely the bending part of the medullary canal 200 shown in fig. 3) and the reaming in the medullary canal 200 with the deeper end of the femoral anterior arch, the design can provide more effective anchoring and reaming points for an operator, reduce the number of times of perspective and greatly simplify the operation process. Simultaneously, because the utility model discloses an outside diameter dimension of intramedullary cavity reamer 100's anchor ball head 2 and reamer head 3's length dimension's ratio design, can effectively avoid reamer head 3 to pierce through the problem of cortex bone 202. Furthermore, the utility model discloses an operating rod 1 of pulp cavity reamer 100 of embodiment can be the stereoplasm pole, and it provides the power conduction to anchor ball head 2 and reamer head 3 directness, and it is superior to a plurality of component effects that current soft pulp cavity reamer provided, can effectively get rid of the internal sclerosis thing of pulp cavity and the bone cement of packing in the revision operation in, reduces the doctor and exert oneself to increase the controllability of pulp cavity reamer 100's direction.

The utility model discloses a pulp cavity reamer 100 of embodiment has solved in the reaming, especially in the joint revision operation pulp cavity reamer 100 easily wears to break the cortex bone and can not carry out the problem of effectively reaming with the pulp cavity shape in the human pulp cavity with simple exquisite design, has high clinical use value.

In the embodiment shown in fig. 1 and 2, the reamer head 3 may be formed with at least one cutting channel 31 extending from the end of the reamer head 3 towards the anchoring bulb 2, the anchoring bulb 2 being formed with a through hole 21 communicating with the cutting channel 31. The cutting channel 31 is used to cut cancellous bone within the medullary cavity 200 and provide a transport channel for the underreamed cancellous bone to facilitate expulsion through the through-hole 21.

Preferably, the reamer head 3 may be formed with a plurality of cutting passages 31 extending from the distal end of the reamer head 3 toward the anchor ball 2, and the anchor ball 2 may be formed with a plurality of through-holes 21 respectively communicating with the respective cutting passages 31, the through-holes 21 communicating with each other. Many cutting channels 31 can improve the cutting efficiency of reamer head 3, and the through-hole 21 of intercommunication each other can make cancellous bone can be discharged fast, also can effectively avoid the cancellous bone under the hinge to take place the phenomenon of jam in arbitrary through-hole 21 simultaneously.

Further preferably, in order to further improve the efficiency of the discharge of the reamed cancellous bone through the through-hole 21, the cutting channel 31 may be made to have a tapered width in a direction toward the through-hole 21.

In the embodiment shown in fig. 1, the reamer head 3 may comprise a plurality of coaxially connected cutting studs 32, each cutting stud 32 having an outer diameter dimension which decreases in a direction from the anchoring bulb 2 towards the reamer head 3. Such a design contributes to an improved cutting performance of the reamer head 3 and thus to an improved reaming efficiency of the reamer head 3.

Preferably, the end of the reamer head 3 remote from the cutting post 32 of the anchoring bulb 2 is configured as a tip, so that the reamer head 3 is easy to insert into the cancellous bone or hardened cement in the medullary cavity or the like.

According to the intramedullary canal reamer 100 of the present disclosure, the anchoring ball 2 may be spherical or oblate. When the anchoring ball 2 is spherical, the outer diameter of the anchoring ball 2 mentioned below is understood to be the diameter of the anchoring ball 2; when the anchoring bulb 2 is oblate, the outer diameter dimension of the anchoring bulb 2 mentioned below is to be understood as the largest outer diameter dimension in the width direction of the anchoring bulb 2 (up-down direction as shown in fig. 1).

In a preferred embodiment, the anchoring bulb 2 may have an outer diameter dimension 4/5 that is less than the inner diameter dimension of the human intramedullary canal 200 and greater than the inner diameter dimension of the human intramedullary canal 200. The arrangement enables the intramedullary canal reamer 100 to have enough redundant space in the intramedullary canal, and the operating rod 1 can drive the anchoring ball head 2 to swing in a certain angle in the intramedullary canal, so that the intramedullary canal reamer 100 can expand or advance angularly, and the intramedullary canal reamer 100 can expand the marrow in response to the change of the shape of the intramedullary canal, for example, the anterior arch of the femur.

Further, the ratio of the outer diameter dimension of the operating rod 1 to the outer diameter dimension of the anchoring bulb 2 may be greater than 1: 5. This arrangement allows the shaft 1 to be of a smaller diameter, which helps to increase the space available for redundancy in the intramedullary canal 200 for the intramedullary canal reamer 100 to be reamed or advanced more angularly, so that the intramedullary canal reamer 100 can ream to accommodate changes in the shape of the intramedullary canal 200. Furthermore, the design of the longer lever 1 enables itself to be slightly bent to facilitate reaming or advancement of the reamer head 3 without affecting the stiffness required for reaming the lever 1.

Further, the outer diameter dimension of the operating rod 1 may be smaller than the outer diameter dimension of the cutting post 32 of the reamer head 3 near the anchoring bulb 2. This arrangement, which allows the outer diameter of the operating rod 1 to be smaller relative to the maximum outer diameter of the cutting post 32, not only allows the operating rod 1 to be slightly bent (without affecting the hardness required for reaming the operating rod 1) when it is longer, thereby facilitating reaming or advancement of the reamer head, but also ensures the structural strength of the reamer head 3 as a whole to ensure reaming of the reamer head 3.

According to the utility model discloses a medullary cavity reamer 100, action bars 1, anchoring bulb 2 and reamer head 3 can integrated into one piece, help improving medullary cavity reamer 100's holistic structural strength. Preferably, the intramedullary canal reamer 100 may be made of stainless steel, titanium alloy, tungsten steel, or ceramic, among other materials. Further preferably made of a titanium alloy.

Finally, it should be noted that: the above embodiments are only used to illustrate the technical solution of the present invention, and not to limit the same; although the present invention has been described in detail with reference to the foregoing embodiments, it should be understood by those skilled in the art that: the technical solutions described in the foregoing embodiments may still be modified, or some or all of the technical features may be equivalently replaced; such modifications and substitutions do not substantially depart from the scope of the embodiments of the present invention, and are intended to be covered by the claims and the specification. In particular, the technical features mentioned in the embodiments can be combined in any way as long as there is no structural conflict. The present invention is not limited to the particular embodiments disclosed herein, but encompasses all technical solutions falling within the scope of the claims.

Claims

1. The intramedullary cavity reamer is characterized by comprising an operating rod, an anchoring ball head and a reamer head which are coaxially connected in sequence, wherein the ratio of the outer diameter size of the anchoring ball head to the length of the reamer head is more than 1 and less than 2.

2. The intramedullary reamer of claim 1 wherein the reamer head has at least one cutting channel formed therein extending from the end of the reamer head toward the anchoring bulb, the anchoring bulb having a through bore formed therein in communication with the cutting channel.

3. The intramedullary reamer of claim 2 wherein the reamer head defines a plurality of cutting channels extending from the end of the reamer head toward the anchoring bulb, the anchoring bulb defining a plurality of through-holes respectively communicating with the respective cutting channels, the through-holes communicating with one another.

4. The intramedullary reamer of claim 3 wherein the cutting channel has a tapered width in a direction toward the through bore.

5. The intramedullary reamer of any one of claims 1 to 4 wherein the reamer head includes a plurality of coaxially connected cutting posts, each of the cutting posts having an outer diameter dimension that decreases in a direction from the anchor ball head toward the reamer head.

6. The intramedullary reamer of claim 5 wherein the end of the reamer head distal to the cutting post of the anchor ball is configured as a tip.

7. The intramedullary reamer of claim 5 wherein the anchoring ball has an outer diameter dimension less than 4/5 the inner diameter dimension of the human intramedullary canal and greater than the inner diameter dimension of the human intramedullary canal.

8. The intramedullary reamer of claim 7 wherein the ratio of the outer diameter dimension of the shaft to the outer diameter dimension of the anchoring ball is greater than 1: 5.

9. The intramedullary reamer of claim 8 wherein the operative stem has an outer diameter dimension less than an outer diameter dimension of the reamer head's cutting post proximate the anchoring bulb.

10. The intramedullary reamer of any one of claims 1 to 4 wherein the lever, the anchor ball and the reamer head are integrally formed.