CN112713724A

CN112713724A - Device and method for disassembling built-in permanent magnet of permanent magnet rotor

Info

Publication number: CN112713724A
Application number: CN202011471083.4A
Authority: CN
Inventors: 陈荐英; 支世轩; 程新德; 吉志伟; 苗志涛; 王乃让
Original assignee: CRRC Yongji Electric Co Ltd
Current assignee: CRRC Yongji Electric Co Ltd
Priority date: 2020-12-15
Filing date: 2020-12-15
Publication date: 2021-04-27
Anticipated expiration: 2040-12-15
Also published as: CN112713724B

Abstract

The invention relates to a technology for disassembling permanent magnets of a permanent magnet motor, in particular to a device and a method for disassembling built-in permanent magnets of a permanent magnet rotor. The technical problems that the permanent magnet of the motor is difficult to disassemble and the permanent magnet is easy to damage are solved. A built-in permanent magnet dismounting device of a permanent magnet rotor comprises a positioning plate, a screw, a pull rod with a thread at the front end, a positioning column, a fixing plate, a nut, a positioning pin, an oil cylinder base, a bolt, an oil cylinder and a first ejector block. The device has simple structure, has extremely low manufacturing cost compared with the design, manufacturing period, cost, management expense and the like of special equipment, does not occupy workshop space, can be quickly installed and disassembled, can be suitable for rotors with different models, can completely solve the problem that the original repaired rotor permanent magnet cannot be disassembled or the rotor iron core punching sheet, the rotor pressing plate and the like are separated due to disassembly, can not cause the scrapping of the rotor iron core, and keeps the rotor iron core.

Description

Device and method for disassembling built-in permanent magnet of permanent magnet rotor

Technical Field

The invention relates to a technology for disassembling permanent magnets of a permanent magnet motor, in particular to a device and a method for disassembling built-in permanent magnets of a permanent magnet rotor.

Background

Permanent magnets of permanent magnet motors used in subways, motor trains, locomotives and the like are mostly built-in, after a rotor is demagnetized due to various reasons such as motor operation or large current, part of or all of the permanent magnets in the slots need to be replaced, and after the permanent magnets are initially assembled, the gaps in the slots are filled with sealant, so that the permanent magnets are very difficult to disassemble, the permanent magnets cannot be disassembled without using special devices, the prior assembly tool is withdrawn, the rotor pressing plate is separated from the stamped sheets, the stamped sheets are layered and the like, and the rotor core is scrapped. The permanent magnets need to be disassembled by a new device.

Specifically, in the prior art, for a small-sized rotor, a special tool is used for removing a sealant, one person uses a wooden hammer and a backing plate to knock a permanent magnet from one end, the other person holds the permanent magnet by hand from the other end, and when one permanent magnet is completely taken out of a groove, the person forcibly pulls the permanent magnet out of the rotor. However, this solution has the following disadvantages:

the scheme is only suitable for smaller permanent magnet rotors, the permanent magnets are smaller, the number of the permanent magnets in each groove is smaller, the permanent magnets can be knocked manually, the efficiency is extremely low, the detached permanent magnets basically fall off the corners or are damaged, and the permanent magnets cannot be used continuously. For medium and large-sized permanent magnet rotors, when the number of the permanent magnets in each groove is large, the permanent magnets cannot be knocked by manpower at all, and the whole rotor can only be scrapped.

Disclosure of Invention

The permanent magnet rotor is required to be repaired when the permanent magnet rotor is demagnetized or for other reasons, namely, a new permanent magnet is assembled after the original permanent magnet is removed. Because the permanent magnet is strong in magnetism, and the sealant is poured for curing after the permanent magnet is assembled, the dismounting is very difficult, particularly when the rotor is longer, the number of the permanent magnets is more, and the magnetic field intensity is larger, the dismounting is more difficult. In order to solve the problems, the invention provides a device and a method for detaching a built-in permanent magnet of a permanent magnet rotor.

The invention relates to a built-in permanent magnet dismounting device of a permanent magnet rotor, which is realized by adopting the following technical scheme: a built-in permanent magnet dismounting device of a permanent magnet rotor comprises a positioning plate, a screw, a pull rod with a thread at the front end, a positioning column, a fixing plate, a nut, a positioning pin, an oil cylinder base, a bolt, an oil cylinder and a first ejector block; the positioning plate is provided with a central hole, rectangular holes which correspond to the positions of the built-in permanent magnets of the permanent magnet rotor to be disassembled one by one are arranged on the positioning plate around the central hole, and the rectangular holes are larger than the permanent magnet grooves; first through holes which are used for positioning the rotor and matched with the screws are arranged on the positioning plate at equal intervals around the central hole; a plurality of threaded holes for installing pull rods are further distributed on the positioning plate at equal intervals around the central hole, and the number of the pull rods is the same as that of the threaded holes;

the center of the fixing plate is provided with a center hole matched with the positioning pin, and a plurality of second through holes which correspond to the threaded holes in the positioning plate one by one are arranged around the center hole at equal intervals; a plurality of oil cylinder holes which correspond to the positions of the built-in permanent magnets of the permanent magnet rotor to be disassembled one by one and an oil cylinder mounting screw hole matched with each oil cylinder hole are further formed on the fixing plate around the central hole;

the oil cylinder is arranged on an oil cylinder base, the oil cylinder base can be arranged on the fixed seat through a bolt penetrating through an oil cylinder mounting screw hole, and the oil cylinder can penetrate through an oil cylinder hole; the first ejector block is arranged at the front end of the movable end of the oil cylinder and used for pushing out the permanent magnet.

The device can realize dismantling fast of permanent magnet, dismantles the in-process moreover and can not cause the separation of rotor core towards piece and rotor clamp plate, guarantees rotor core's intact, can continue to use, can guarantee that the rotor demolishs the back permanent magnet not damaged simultaneously. Compared with other special equipment, the device is very simple, low in manufacturing cost and short in manufacturing period, can be quickly manufactured and applied, and does not occupy the field and the like. Meanwhile, the device is wide in application range, applicable to rotors of different models and only needs to replace part of accessories for different rotors.

The slot width of rectangular hole is 0.2 ~ 0.3mm than the thickness width of rotor permanent magnet, guarantees that the permanent magnet is pushed out the back, can take out smoothly, avoids directly being inhaled on other objects after pushing out, causes the permanent magnet damage and other injuries.

Furthermore, the device also comprises a second top block which can be connected to the front end of the first top block so as to prolong the length of the first top block. The kicking block front end all is the square structure, and the square size of the four sides of first kicking block and second kicking block is respectively little 1~ 2mm than the four sides of permanent magnet, guarantees to bulldoze the in-process and can not rub the iron core towards the piece.

The device has simple structure, has extremely low manufacturing cost relative to the design, manufacturing period, cost, management expense and the like of special equipment, does not occupy workshop space, can be quickly installed and disassembled, can be suitable for rotors with different models (only a positioning plate and a fixing plate need to be replaced, most accessories such as an oil cylinder base, a bolt, an oil cylinder, a first ejector block and a second ejector block can be shared), can completely solve the problem that the original repaired rotor permanent magnet cannot be disassembled, or the disassembling causes the separation of a rotor core punching sheet, a rotor pressing plate and the like, cannot cause the scrapping of a rotor core, and keeps the rotor core. Or a problem of a certain pole permanent magnet of the rotor is detected, the pole permanent magnet can be quickly detached and repaired, and the repair cost is greatly reduced.

The invention relates to a method for disassembling a built-in permanent magnet of a permanent magnet rotor, which is realized by adopting the following technical scheme: a method for disassembling built-in permanent magnet of permanent magnet rotor comprises (A) fixing a positioning plate on the non-transmission end of the rotor by a screw passing through a first through hole; secondly, mounting a positioning pin on a shaft end surface center hole of the rotor transmission end, and penetrating a fixing plate into the positioning pin through the center hole on the fixing plate for positioning and supporting the fixing plate; then, a positioning column is selected from any one of the second through holes on the fixing plate to penetrate into the lightening hole of the rotor core, so that the complete positioning of the fixing plate is realized, the center of each second through hole on the fixing plate is ensured to be completely consistent with the center of the rotor permanent magnet slot, then, pull rods are arranged in the rest second through holes and the threaded holes, nuts are screwed in the tail ends of the pull rods, and the fixing plate and the positioning plate are connected and fastened; then the positioning column is disassembled, and a pull rod and a nut are arranged at the position of the positioning column, so that the fixing plate and the positioning plate are completely fastened; thirdly, an oil cylinder hole in the fixed plate is used for installing an oil cylinder, a first jacking block is installed at the front end of the oil cylinder, the oil cylinder penetrates into the oil cylinder hole in the fixed plate, an oil cylinder base is installed on the rear side of the oil cylinder, the oil cylinder base is fixed in the fixed plate through bolts, the center of the oil cylinder is consistent with the center of the rotor permanent magnet groove, and the oil cylinder cannot move in the pushing and pressing process of the rotor; fourthly, starting the oil cylinder to push and press the permanent magnet, and taking out the permanent magnet; (V) when the permanent magnet in one groove is pushed and pressed, the bolt is removed, the oil cylinder base and the oil cylinder are taken down, the oil cylinder and the first ejector block are assembled in the other second through hole in the fixed plate according to the method, and therefore pushing and pressing are carried out to take out the permanent magnet opposite to the second through hole; and by analogy, all the permanent magnets in the grooves in the rotor are taken out.

The dismounting method can quickly dismount the permanent magnet and can effectively avoid the permanent magnet from being damaged in the dismounting process; the condition of separation such as rotor core punching sheet, rotor pressing plate can not be caused in the dismounting process, and the rotor core can not be scrapped, so that the rotor core is reserved.

Drawings

FIG. 1 is a schematic representation of the present invention in particular applications.

Fig. 2 is a front view of the positioning plate.

Fig. 3 is a view a-a of fig. 2.

Fig. 4 is a front view of the fixation plate.

FIG. 5 is a front view of the locating pin.

Fig. 6 is a left side view of the locating pin.

Fig. 7 is a front view of the drawbar.

Fig. 8 is a front view of the first top block.

Fig. 9 a left side view of the first top block.

1-positioning plate, 2-screw, 3-pull rod, 4-positioning column, 5-fixing plate, 6-nut, 7-positioning pin, 8-oil cylinder base, 9-bolt, 10-oil cylinder, 11-first top block, 12-second top block, 13-rectangular hole, 14-first through hole, 15-threaded hole, 16-second through hole, 17-oil cylinder hole, 18-oil cylinder mounting screw hole, and 19-rotor assembled with permanent magnet.

Detailed Description

As shown in fig. 1, the present invention mainly comprises the following parts 12, including a positioning plate 1, a screw 2, a pull rod 3, a positioning column 4, a fixing plate 5, a nut 6, a positioning pin 7, an oil cylinder base 8, a bolt 9, an oil cylinder 10, a first top block 11, and a second top block 12.

The piece 19 is a rotor equipped with permanent magnets.

The locating plate 1 is fixed in the rotor with screw 2, and locating plate 1 is makeed with corrosion resistant plate, and locating plate 1 has the through-hole (rectangular hole) that is a bit bigger than the permanent magnet groove, guarantees that the permanent magnet is released the back, can take out smoothly, avoids directly being inhaled other objects after releasing on, causes the permanent magnet damage and other injuries.

The fixed plate 5 has a positioning hole (center hole) in the center, and 6 second through holes 16 in the plate, 1 of which is used for positioning. Firstly, the positioning pin 7 is installed at the long shaft end of the rotor, the large end of the positioning column 4 penetrates into the lightening hole of the rotor, then the fixing plate 5 penetrates through the positioning pin 7 and the positioning column 4, the center of the oil cylinder hole 17 on the fixing plate 5 is consistent with the center of the rotor permanent magnet groove, and the positioning plate 2 is fastened with the fixing plate 5 through the pull rod 3. The separation of the rotor core punching sheet or the pressing plate is avoided in the pushing and pressing process.

First kicking block 11 is the square form, the size slightly is less than the permanent magnet, there is the little cylinder that is used for installation and location on the first kicking block 11, can insert the downthehole of hydro-cylinder 10 saddle, penetrate in the hydro-cylinder hole 17 on the fixed plate 5 with hydro-cylinder 10, when first kicking block 11 is close to rotor permanent magnet inslot permanent magnet, connect with hydro-cylinder base 8 with bolt 9, then bulldoze for the oil pump oiling, take out the permanent magnet from locating plate 1 end, when bulldozing the distance when not enough, to the hydro-cylinder release, in addition second kicking block 12, little cylinder on the second kicking block 12 can insert in the shrinkage pool of first kicking block 11, bulldoze again. The size of the first ejector block 11 is designed according to the magnetic field area of the rotor, the oil cylinder is pushed to the limit position and still does not enter the magnetic field area of the rotor, and the pushing process is not interfered by any magnetic field. When the pushing completes 1 permanent magnet in the slot, the bolt 9 is removed, the cylinder base 8 and the cylinder 10 are removed, the cylinder 10 and the first top block 11 are fitted in the other cylinder hole 17 in the fixed plate 5 in the above-described manner, and the pushing is performed to take out the permanent magnet. By analogy, all the permanent magnets in the slots in the rotor can be taken out step by step.

Before the device is used, the rotor is placed on a self-made roller frame (the height of the roller frame is 800-1100 mm), and then the device is installed, so that a person can randomly adjust the position of the rotating rotor when using the device, and the device can also be operated vertically, and the convenience is brought to the person.

Except for the central hole oil cylinder 10, other parts used by the invention are all made of stainless steel, so that the safety of the assembly process is ensured, and the strength of the device is also ensured.

Fig. 2 is a front view of the positioning plate 1, and fig. 3 is a view a-a of fig. 2. The 12 rectangular holes 13 in the positioning plate 1 correspond to the rotor permanent magnet slots, and the slot width of the 12 rectangular holes 13 in the positioning plate 1 is 0.2-0.3 mm larger than the thickness and width of the rotor permanent magnet, so that the permanent magnet is guided to exit, the permanent magnet is prevented from being sucked to other articles such as a rotor and the like when exiting, and the permanent magnet is convenient to take out when exiting. 12 first through holes 14 on the positioning plate 1 are used for connecting and positioning the positioning plate 1 and the rotor. 6 screw holes 15 on the locating plate 1 are used for installing a pull rod 3, and a fixing plate 5 is connected with the locating plate 1 through the pull rod 3, so that the permanent magnet is guaranteed to be pushed outwards, a rotor pressing plate cannot be separated from a punching sheet, the punching sheet cannot be layered with the punching sheet, and the rotor core is free of any damage.

Fig. 4 is a front view of the fixing plate 5. When the fixing plate 5 is installed, the positioning pin 7 is installed on the shaft end face center hole of the rotor transmission end, and then the fixing plate 5 penetrates into the positioning pin through the center hole in the fixing plate 5, so that on one hand, the positioning can be realized, on the other hand, the supporting effect is also realized, and the fixing plate 5 is ensured to be installed without being held by hands in the installation process. And then, a positioning column 4 is optionally inserted into a lightening hole of the rotor core from any one of 6 second through holes 16 on the fixing plate 5, so that the fixing plate 5 is completely positioned, the centers of 12 oil cylinder holes 17 on the fixing plate 5 are ensured to be completely consistent with the centers of the rotor permanent magnet grooves, and then 5 pull rods 3 and nuts 6 are installed, and the fixing plate 5 and the positioning plate 1 are connected and fastened. Then the positioning column 4 is detached, and 1 pull rod 3 and a nut 6 are arranged at the position of the positioning column, so that the fixing plate 5 and the positioning plate 1 are completely fastened. 12 oil cylinder holes 17 on the fixing plate 5 are used for installing oil cylinders 10, the oil cylinders 10 penetrate through the oil cylinder holes 17 of the fixing plate 5, an oil cylinder base 8 is installed on the rear side of the oil cylinders 10, the oil cylinder base 8 is fixed in the fixing plate 5 through bolts 9, the center of the oil cylinders 10 is consistent with the center of the rotor permanent magnet groove, and the oil cylinders cannot move in the pushing and pressing process of the rotor. When the pushing completes 1 permanent magnet in the groove, the bolt 9 is removed, the cylinder base 8 and the cylinder 10 are removed, the cylinder 10 and the first top block 11 are fitted in the other cylinder hole in the fixed plate 5 in the above-described manner, and the pushing is performed to take out the permanent magnet. And by analogy, all the permanent magnets in the grooves in the rotor are taken out.

Fig. 5 and 6 are front and left side views of the positioning pin 7, respectively. The positioning pin 7 has a positioning function and a supporting function.

Fig. 7 is a front view of the drawbar 3. During the installation with the pull rod penetrate 6 second through-holes on the fixed plate 5, the screw thread of front end directly screws in the screw hole 15 on the locating plate 1, and reuse nut 6 fastens from the outside of fixed plate 5. The action is mainly to pull the positioning plate 1, ensure that the punching sheets can not be separated in the pushing and pressing process, and simultaneously ensure that the fixing plate 5 is not moved, so that the oil cylinder 10 is fixed on the fixing plate 5 and can not be moved.

Fig. 8 and 9 are front and left side views of the first top block 11, respectively. A small cylinder on the left side of the first ejector block 11 is arranged in a saddle hole of the oil cylinder 10, so that the center of the first ejector block 11 is consistent with the center of the rotor permanent magnet groove, and the supporting function is achieved, and the fact that the left small cylinder does not need to be held by hands before pushing and pressing are achieved. The size of the four sides of the first ejector block 11 is 1-2 mm smaller than that of the four sides of the permanent magnet, and the iron core punching sheet cannot be rubbed during the pushing and pressing process. The groove on the right side of the first ejector block 11 is used for connecting a second ejector block 12, and the size of the second ejector block 12 is consistent with that of the first ejector block 11 except for the length (the length size may also be consistent and is mainly determined according to the actual size of the rotor length).

The device is applied to permanent magnet motors of certain models in companies, the dismounting completely meets the requirements, and the perfectness rate of the permanent magnet reaches more than 90 percent.

Claims

1. A built-in permanent magnet dismounting device of a permanent magnet rotor is characterized by comprising a positioning plate (1), a screw (2), a pull rod (3) with a thread at the front end, a positioning column (4), a fixing plate (5), a nut (6), a positioning pin (7), an oil cylinder base (8), a bolt (9), an oil cylinder (10) and a first ejector block (11); the positioning plate (1) is provided with a central hole, rectangular holes (13) which correspond to the positions of the built-in permanent magnets of the permanent magnet rotor to be disassembled one by one are arranged on the positioning plate (1) in a surrounding mode, and the rectangular holes (13) are larger than the permanent magnet grooves; first through holes (14) which are used for positioning the rotor and matched with the screws (2) are arranged on the positioning plate (1) at equal intervals around the central hole; a plurality of threaded holes (15) for installing pull rods (3) are further distributed on the positioning plate (1) at equal intervals around the central hole, and the number of the pull rods (3) is the same as that of the threaded holes (15);

a center hole matched with the positioning pin (7) is formed in the center of the fixing plate (5), and a plurality of second through holes (16) which correspond to the threaded holes (15) in the positioning plate (1) one by one are formed around the center hole at equal intervals; a plurality of oil cylinder holes (17) which correspond to the positions of the built-in permanent magnets of the permanent magnet rotor to be disassembled one by one and oil cylinder mounting screw holes (18) matched with each oil cylinder hole (17) are further formed on the fixing plate (5) in a surrounding manner;

the oil cylinder (10) is arranged on an oil cylinder base (8), the oil cylinder base (8) can be arranged on the fixed seat (5) through a bolt (9) penetrating through an oil cylinder mounting screw hole (18), and the oil cylinder (10) can penetrate through an oil cylinder hole (17); the first ejector block (11) is arranged at the front end of the movable end of the oil cylinder (10) and used for pushing out the permanent magnet.

2. The interior permanent magnet removal device of a permanent magnet rotor according to claim 1, wherein there are 12 oblong holes (13), six groups of two first through holes (14), and 6 threaded holes (15); each oil cylinder hole (17) is provided with two oil cylinder mounting screw holes (18) which are distributed on two sides of the oil cylinder hole (17) along the radial direction of the fixed plate (5); a second through hole (16) is distributed at a distance of two oil cylinder holes (17); the number of the pull rods (3) is 6.

3. The interior permanent magnet removal device of a permanent magnet rotor according to claim 1 or 2, further comprising a second top block (12) attachable to a front end of the first top block (11).

4. The interior permanent magnet dismounting device of a permanent magnet rotor according to claim 3, characterized in that the first top block (11) and the second top block (12) are both rectangular structures, the end of the first top block (11) is provided with a small cylinder for connecting with a saddle hole at the movable end of the oil cylinder (10), and the front end of the first top block (11) is provided with a concave hole; the tail end of the second ejector block (12) is provided with a small cylinder matched with the concave hole.

5. The permanent magnet interior dismounting device of the permanent magnet rotor according to claim 4, wherein the slot width of the rectangular hole (13) is 0.2-0.3 mm wider than the thickness of the rotor permanent magnet; the four directions of the first ejector block (11) and the second ejector block (12) are 1-2 mm smaller than the four directions of the permanent magnet respectively.

6. The permanent magnet interior dismounting device of the permanent magnet rotor according to claim 4, wherein the positioning plate (1), the screw (2), the pull rod (3), the positioning column (4), the fixing plate (5), the nut (6), the positioning pin (7), the cylinder base (8), the bolt (9), the first top block (11) and the second top block (12) are made of stainless steel.

7. A method for disassembling an interior permanent magnet of a permanent magnet rotor is realized by adopting the disassembling device according to any one of claims 1 to 6, and is characterized in that (I) a positioning plate (1) is fixed on a non-transmission end of the rotor by a screw (2) penetrating through a first through hole (14); secondly, a positioning pin (7) is arranged on a central hole of the shaft end face of the rotor transmission end, and the fixing plate (5) penetrates into the positioning pin (7) through the central hole of the fixing plate (5) and is used for positioning and supporting the fixing plate (5); then, a positioning column (4) is inserted into a lightening hole of the rotor core from any one of second through holes (16) on the fixing plate (5) so as to realize the complete positioning of the fixing plate (5), the center of each second through hole (16) on the fixing plate (5) is ensured to be completely consistent with the center of a rotor permanent magnet groove, then a pull rod (3) is installed in the rest second through holes (16) and threaded holes (15), a nut (6) is screwed at the tail end of the pull rod (3), and the fixing plate (5) is connected and fastened with the positioning plate (1); then the positioning column (4) is disassembled, and a pull rod (3) and a nut (6) are arranged at the position of the positioning column, so that the fixing plate (5) and the positioning plate (1) are completely fastened; thirdly, an oil cylinder hole (17) in the fixing plate (5) is used for installing an oil cylinder (10), a first ejecting block (11) is installed at the front end of the oil cylinder (10), the oil cylinder (10) penetrates through the oil cylinder hole (17) in the fixing plate (5), an oil cylinder base (8) is installed on the rear side of the oil cylinder (10), the oil cylinder base (8) is fixed in the fixing plate (5) through a bolt (9), the center of the oil cylinder (10) is consistent with the center of the rotor permanent magnet groove, and the oil cylinder (10) cannot move in the pushing process of the rotor; fourthly, the oil cylinder (10) is started to push and press the permanent magnet, and the permanent magnet is taken out; (V) when the permanent magnet in one groove is pushed and pressed, removing the bolt (9), removing the oil cylinder base (8) and the oil cylinder (10), assembling the oil cylinder (10) and the first top block (11) in the other second through hole (16) in the fixed plate (5) according to the method, and pushing to take out the permanent magnet opposite to the second through hole (16); and by analogy, all the permanent magnets in the grooves in the rotor are taken out.

8. The method for disassembling the interior permanent magnet of the permanent magnet rotor according to claim 7, wherein when the length of the first top block (11) is not enough to push out the permanent magnet, the front end of the first top block (11) is further connected with a second top block (12).

9. The method for disassembling the interior permanent magnet of the permanent magnet rotor according to claim 8, wherein the first top block (11) and the second top block (12) are designed in size according to the magnetic field area of the rotor, so as to ensure that the oil cylinder (10) is pushed to the limit position and still does not enter the magnetic field area of the rotor as much as possible, and ensure that the pushing process is not interfered by any magnetic field.

10. The method for disassembling interior permanent magnets of a permanent magnet rotor according to any of claims 7 to 9, wherein the rotor is placed on a roller frame before disassembly, and then a disassembling device is installed.