CN112710585A - Evaluation method for dynamic stability of on-site mixed emulsion explosive - Google Patents
Evaluation method for dynamic stability of on-site mixed emulsion explosive Download PDFInfo
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Abstract
The invention discloses an evaluation method for dynamic stability of a field mixed emulsion explosive. And then, detecting the viscosity of the matrix of the emulsion explosive by adopting a three-stage rheological property testing method, and evaluating the dynamic stability of the emulsion explosive according to the change amplitude of the viscosity detected by the third stage relative to the first stage. The evaluation method can effectively and accurately evaluate the dynamic stability of the on-site mixed emulsion explosive, can truly reflect the influence of the external force on the emulsion explosive in the production, transportation and use processes, and can also be used for evaluating the influence of raw materials such as emulsifier on the dynamic stability of the on-site mixed emulsion explosive.
Description
Technical Field
The invention relates to an evaluation method for dynamic stability of a field mixed emulsion explosive.
Background
The on-site mixed emulsion explosive is a kind of emulsion explosive which is mainly popularized in China, and the annual output of the emulsion explosive is steadily increased in recent years. Like packaged emulsion explosives, the field mixed emulsion explosive is also a thermodynamically unstable system, and after being placed for a period of time, the structural system of W/O is destroyed. Therefore, the structural stability of the emulsion explosive must be considered during the transportation, storage and use of these two types of emulsion explosives. However, the two emulsion explosives have certain differences in stability requirements. Different from the stability of the packaged emulsion explosive in the long-term storage process, the field mixed emulsion explosive is generally used immediately after being prepared, and the storage time is short, so the long-term standing storage stability is not as strict as the requirement of the packaged emulsion explosive. However, before the field mixed emulsion explosive is used, the matrix of the field mixed emulsion explosive is required to be subjected to a long pumping or transporting process, and the emulsion matrix is subjected to a certain external force in the process, so that the dynamic stability of the field mixed emulsion explosive matrix (hereinafter referred to as the emulsion matrix) under the external force is particularly important. However, the existing methods for evaluating the stability of the emulsion explosive mainly aim at the stability during long-term storage, such as centrifugal analysis, microscopic observation, high and low temperature circulation, and testing the performance of the emulsion explosive after natural storage, and accurate results are difficult to obtain if the methods are used for analyzing the dynamic stability.
Based on the analysis, no effective method can be used for evaluating the dynamic stability of the on-site mixed emulsion explosive at present, so that a novel method for evaluating the dynamic stability of the on-site mixed emulsion explosive is invented, and the technical problems are solved
Disclosure of Invention
In order to solve the problems in the prior art, the invention provides an evaluation method for the dynamic stability of a field mixed emulsion explosive, which can effectively solve the technical problems and accurately evaluate the dynamic stability of the field mixed emulsion explosive.
In order to achieve the purpose, the invention adopts the following technical scheme:
a method for evaluating dynamic stability of a field mixed emulsion explosive comprises the following implementation steps: first, a measured amount of emulsion explosive matrix was placed on the flat plate of the rheometer. And then, detecting the viscosity of the emulsion explosive matrix by adopting a three-stage rheological property testing method, wherein the first stage is a constant low-speed shearing stage, the second stage is a constant high-speed shearing stage, and the third stage is a constant low-speed shearing stage as the first stage. And finally, evaluating the dynamic stability of the emulsion explosive by calculating the change amplitude of the viscosity of the third stage relative to the viscosity of the first stage, wherein the smaller the change amplitude is, the better the dynamic stability of the emulsion explosive is.
Further, the rheometer for measuring viscosity is a rheometer model MCR 101 of Anton Paar, austria, and a steady-state shear measurement mode of the rheometer is selected in the experiment, and the experiment temperature is set to be 25 ℃.
Further, the mass of the emulsion explosive matrix is 5-10 g.
Further, in the above-mentioned case,in the three-stage test mode, the shear rate of the first stage is 10-4s-1～10-3s-1。
Further, in the three-stage test mode, the shear rate of the second stage is 103s-1～104s-1。
Further, in the three-stage test mode, the shear rate of the third stage is the same as that of the first stage.
Further, the method for calculating the variation amplitude of the viscosity of the third section relative to the first section in the rheological property test comprises the following steps:
the range of change is (third stage viscosity-first stage viscosity) × 100%/first stage viscosity.
Compared with the prior art, the invention has the beneficial effects that:
(1) the method can accurately and effectively evaluate and predict the dynamic stability of the on-site mixed emulsion explosive, thereby providing a reference basis for the design of pumping and transporting devices. (2) The method is simple, convenient and efficient, has little raw material consumption, good safety and higher popularization value. (3) The method can also quickly and effectively compare the influence of the raw materials used by the on-site mixed emulsion explosive on the dynamic stability of the raw materials, and is suitable for monitoring the quality of the raw materials by production enterprises.
Detailed Description
The invention is further described below by way of examples, but the invention is not limited to the examples described.
The dynamic stability of the on-site mixed emulsion explosive is evaluated by adopting the method of the invention, and the formula of the emulsion explosive matrix is as follows: 77.5 weight percent of ammonium nitrate, 16 weight percent of water, 1.5 weight percent of emulsifier and 5 weight percent of 0#Diesel oil. The preparation method of the emulsion explosive matrix comprises the following steps: dissolving ammonium nitrate in water to form a water phase, and controlling the temperature of the water phase to be 90 ℃; mixing emulsifier and 0#Forming an oil phase from the diesel oil, and controlling the temperature of the oil phase to be 55 ℃; and slowly adding the water phase into the oil phase, slowly increasing the rotating speed to 400-900 r/min, and continuously stirring for 1min after the water phase is completely added to prepare the emulsion explosive matrix.
In order to compare the influence of the emulsifier on the dynamic stability of the matrix of the on-site mixed emulsion explosive, the composition of the used emulsifier is as follows: the emulsifier A is span-80 emulsifier produced by Changzhou Runxin; emulsifier B comprises 90% of span-80 emulsifier produced by Changzhou Runxin and 10% of T152 emulsifier produced by Changbai chemical plant; emulsifier C comprises 70% span-80 emulsifier from venter juniper and 30% T152 emulsifier from venter juniper chemical plant; emulsifier D comprises 50% span-80 emulsifier produced by Changzhou Runxin and 50% T152 emulsifier produced by Changbai chemical plant; emulsifier E comprised 30% of span-80 emulsifier produced by venter et al and 70% of T152 emulsifier produced by cambridge chemical plant, venter et al.
The first embodiment is as follows:
a, B, C, D, E5 emulsifiers are respectively adopted to prepare corresponding emulsion explosive matrixes with the emulsifying rotating speed of 400r/min, then a three-stage method is adopted to test the rheological property of the emulsion explosive matrixes, the experimental temperature is set to be 25 ℃, the mass of the emulsion explosive matrixes is 5g, and the shear rate of the first stage is 10-4s-1The second stage shear rate was 103s-1The shear rate in the third stage is the same as in the first stage. The resulting viscosity ranges were 200%, 160%, 150%, 90% and 95%, respectively. The stability of the emulsion explosive matrix prepared by different emulsifiers is sequentially D, E, C, B and A.
Example two:
according to the first embodiment, A, B, C, D, E5 kinds of emulsifiers are used to prepare corresponding emulsion explosive matrixes with the emulsifying rotation speed of 400r/min, and then the rheological property of the emulsion explosive matrixes is tested by a three-stage method, the experimental temperature is set to be 25 ℃, the mass of the emulsion explosive matrixes is 5g, and the shear rate of the first stage is 10-3s-1The second stage shear rate was 103s-1The shear rate in the third stage is the same as in the first stage. The resulting viscosity ranges were 180%, 160%, 140%, 85% and 92%, respectively. The stability of the emulsion explosive matrix prepared by different emulsifiers is sequentially D, E, C, B and A.
Example three:
trueness ofIn the first embodiment, A, B, C, D, E5 emulsifiers are used to prepare corresponding emulsion explosive matrixes with the emulsifying rotating speed of 400r/min, then the rheological property of the emulsion explosive matrixes is tested by a three-stage method, the experimental temperature is set to be 25 ℃, the mass of the emulsion explosive matrixes is 5g, and the shear rate in the first stage is 5 multiplied by 10-3s-1The second stage shear rate was 103s-1The shear rate in the third stage is the same as in the first stage. The resulting viscosity ranges were 190%, 155%, 150%, 80% and 85%, respectively. The stability of the emulsion explosive matrix prepared by different emulsifiers is sequentially D, E, C, B and A.
Example four:
according to the first embodiment, A, B, C, D, E5 kinds of emulsifiers are used to prepare corresponding emulsion explosive matrixes with the emulsifying rotation speed of 400r/min, and then the rheological property of the emulsion explosive matrixes is tested by a three-stage method, the experimental temperature is set to be 25 ℃, the mass of the emulsion explosive matrixes is 10g, and the shear rate of the first stage is 10-3s-1The second stage shear rate was 103s-1The shear rate in the third stage is the same as in the first stage. The resulting viscosity change amplitudes were 192%, 156%, 142%, 75% and 85%, respectively. The stability of the emulsion explosive matrix prepared by different emulsifiers is sequentially D, E, C, B and A.
Example five:
according to the first embodiment, A, B, C, D, E5 kinds of emulsifiers are used to prepare corresponding emulsion explosive matrixes with the emulsifying rotation speed of 400r/min, and then the rheological property of the emulsion explosive matrixes is tested by a three-stage method, the experimental temperature is set to be 25 ℃, the mass of the emulsion explosive matrixes is 8g, and the shear rate of the first stage is 10-3s-1The second stage shear rate was 103s-1The shear rate in the third stage is the same as in the first stage. The resulting viscosity change amplitudes were 190%, 159%, 145%, 81% and 92%, respectively. The stability of the emulsion explosive matrix prepared by different emulsifiers is sequentially D, E, C, B and A.
Example six:
as inIn one example, A, B, C, D, E5 emulsifiers were used to prepare corresponding emulsion explosive matrices at an emulsion speed of 400 rpm, and then the rheology of these emulsion explosive matrices was tested in a three-stage process, setting the experimental temperature at 25 ℃, the mass of the emulsion explosive matrix at 5g, and the shear rate in the first stage at 10-3s-1The second stage shear rate was 104s-1The shear rate in the third stage is the same as in the first stage. The resulting viscosity change amplitudes were 230%, 180%, 165%, 102% and 109%, respectively. The stability of the emulsion explosive matrix prepared by different emulsifiers is sequentially D, E, C, B and A.
Example seven:
according to the first embodiment, A, B, C, D, E5 kinds of emulsifiers are used to prepare corresponding emulsion explosive matrixes with the emulsifying rotation speed of 400r/min, and then the rheological property of the emulsion explosive matrixes is tested by a three-stage method, the experimental temperature is set to be 25 ℃, the mass of the emulsion explosive matrixes is 5g, and the shear rate of the first stage is 10-3s-1The second stage shear rate was 5X 103s-1The shear rate in the third stage is the same as in the first stage. The resulting viscosity change amplitudes were 210%, 170%, 160%, 98% and 104%, respectively. The stability of the emulsion explosive matrix prepared by different emulsifiers is sequentially D, E, C, B and A.
Example eight:
according to the first embodiment, A, B, C, D, E5 kinds of emulsifiers are used to prepare corresponding emulsion explosive matrixes with the emulsifying speed of 900r/min, and then the rheological property of the emulsion explosive matrixes is tested by a three-stage method, the experimental temperature is set to be 25 ℃, the mass of the emulsion explosive matrixes is 5g, and the shear rate of the first stage is 10-3s-1The second stage shear rate was 103s-1The shear rate in the third stage is the same as in the first stage. The resulting viscosity ranges were 105%, 95%, 80%, 55% and 65%, respectively. The stability of the emulsion explosive matrix prepared by different emulsifiers is sequentially D, E, C, B and A.
Example nine:
as in the examplesFirstly, A, B, C, D, E5 emulsifiers are adopted to prepare corresponding emulsion explosive matrixes, the emulsifying rotating speed is 700r/min, then a three-stage method is adopted to test the rheological property of the emulsion explosive matrixes, the experimental temperature is set to be 25 ℃, the mass of the emulsion explosive matrixes is 5g, and the shear rate of the first stage is 10-3s-1The second stage shear rate was 103s-1The shear rate in the third stage is the same as in the first stage. The resulting viscosity change amplitudes were 125%, 105%, 90%, 68% and 75%, respectively. The stability of the emulsion explosive matrix prepared by different emulsifiers is sequentially D, E, C, B and A.
Comparative example 1:
according to the same formula and preparation conditions, A, B, C, D, E5 emulsifiers are adopted to prepare corresponding emulsion explosive matrixes, the emulsion rotating speed is 400r/min, the emulsion explosive matrixes are conveyed for 10 times by a screw pump, the pressure of the screw pump is controlled to be 0.3-0.6 MPa, the precipitation amount of ammonium nitrate of the emulsion explosive matrixes before and after pumping is tested, and the results are compared with the results of the three-stage testing method, as shown in table 1:
TABLE 1 variation of precipitation of ammonium nitrate from emulsion explosive matrix after pumping
The comparison result shows that the actual conveying result is consistent with the evaluation method result of the dynamic stability of the emulsion explosive.
Comparative example 2:
preparing corresponding emulsion explosive matrixes by using A, B, C, D, E5 emulsifiers according to the same formula and preparation conditions, wherein the emulsion rotation speed is 900r/min, then testing the rheological property of the emulsion explosive matrixes by using a three-stage method, the experimental temperature is set to be 25 ℃, the mass of the emulsion explosive matrixes is 5g, and the shear rate of the first stage is 10-3s-1The second stage shear rate was 102s-1The shear rate in the third stage is the same as in the first stage. The obtained viscosity change ranges are respectively 50 percent and 48 percent,48%, 45% and 45%. The stability of the emulsion explosive matrix prepared by different emulsifiers is known to be D and E which are more than C and B which is more than A in sequence.
It is shown that the difference in stability of the emulsion explosive matrix under this test condition is not significant.
Comparative example 3:
preparing corresponding emulsion explosive matrixes by using A, B, C, D, E5 emulsifiers according to the same formula and preparation conditions, wherein the emulsion rotation speed is 900r/min, then testing the rheological property of the emulsion explosive matrixes by using a three-stage method, the experimental temperature is set to be 25 ℃, the mass of the emulsion explosive matrixes is 5g, and the shear rate of the first stage is 10-1s-1The second stage shear rate was 103s-1The shear rate in the third stage is the same as in the first stage. The resulting viscosity change amplitudes were 70%, 69%, 63% and 65%, respectively. The stability of the emulsion explosive matrix prepared by different emulsifiers is known to be D > E > C and B > A in sequence.
It is shown that the difference in stability of the emulsion explosive matrix under this test condition is not significant.
Claims (7)
1. A method for evaluating the dynamic stability of a field mixed emulsion explosive is characterized by comprising the following steps: the metered emulsion explosive matrix was placed on the rheometer plate. And then, detecting the viscosity of the emulsion explosive matrix by adopting a three-stage rheological property testing method, wherein the first stage is a constant low-speed shearing stage, the second stage is a constant high-speed shearing stage, and the third stage is a constant low-speed shearing stage as the first stage. And finally, evaluating the dynamic stability of the emulsion explosive by calculating the change amplitude of the viscosity of the third stage relative to the viscosity of the first stage, wherein the smaller the change amplitude is, the better the dynamic stability of the emulsion explosive is.
2. The method for evaluating the dynamic stability of the mixed emulsion explosive on site according to claim 1, wherein the rheometer for testing the viscosity is an MCR 101 rheometer of Anton Paar of Austria, a steady shear measurement mode of the rheometer is selected in the experiment, and the experiment temperature is set to be 25 ℃.
3. The method for evaluating the dynamic stability of the mixed emulsion explosive on site according to claim 1, wherein the mass of the emulsion explosive matrix is 5-10 g.
4. The method for evaluating the dynamic stability of a mixed emulsion explosive on site according to claim 1, wherein in the three-stage test mode, the shear rate of the first stage is 10-4s-1～10-3s-1。
5. The method for evaluating the dynamic stability of a mixed emulsion explosive on site according to claim 1, wherein the shear rate of the second stage in the three-stage test mode is 103s-1～104s-1。
6. The method for evaluating the dynamic stability of a mixed emulsion explosive on site according to claim 1, wherein in the three-stage test mode, the shear rate of the third stage is the same as that of the first stage.
7. The method for evaluating the dynamic stability of the mixed emulsion explosive on site according to claim 1, wherein the method for calculating the variation amplitude of the viscosity of the third section relative to the viscosity of the first section in the rheological test comprises the following steps:
the range of change is (third stage viscosity-first stage viscosity) × 100%/first stage viscosity.
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