CN112708847B - Full-process automatic manufacturing method for aircraft engine tail nozzle coating - Google Patents

Full-process automatic manufacturing method for aircraft engine tail nozzle coating Download PDF

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Publication number
CN112708847B
CN112708847B CN202011242881.XA CN202011242881A CN112708847B CN 112708847 B CN112708847 B CN 112708847B CN 202011242881 A CN202011242881 A CN 202011242881A CN 112708847 B CN112708847 B CN 112708847B
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spraying
area
coating
sand blasting
parts
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CN112708847A (en
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刘礼祥
艾鹏
李长银
王奇峰
孟相羽
彭新
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AECC Shenyang Liming Aero Engine Co Ltd
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AECC Shenyang Liming Aero Engine Co Ltd
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    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C23—COATING METALLIC MATERIAL; COATING MATERIAL WITH METALLIC MATERIAL; CHEMICAL SURFACE TREATMENT; DIFFUSION TREATMENT OF METALLIC MATERIAL; COATING BY VACUUM EVAPORATION, BY SPUTTERING, BY ION IMPLANTATION OR BY CHEMICAL VAPOUR DEPOSITION, IN GENERAL; INHIBITING CORROSION OF METALLIC MATERIAL OR INCRUSTATION IN GENERAL
    • C23C—COATING METALLIC MATERIAL; COATING MATERIAL WITH METALLIC MATERIAL; SURFACE TREATMENT OF METALLIC MATERIAL BY DIFFUSION INTO THE SURFACE, BY CHEMICAL CONVERSION OR SUBSTITUTION; COATING BY VACUUM EVAPORATION, BY SPUTTERING, BY ION IMPLANTATION OR BY CHEMICAL VAPOUR DEPOSITION, IN GENERAL
    • C23C4/00—Coating by spraying the coating material in the molten state, e.g. by flame, plasma or electric discharge
    • C23C4/12—Coating by spraying the coating material in the molten state, e.g. by flame, plasma or electric discharge characterised by the method of spraying
    • C23C4/134—Plasma spraying
    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C23—COATING METALLIC MATERIAL; COATING MATERIAL WITH METALLIC MATERIAL; CHEMICAL SURFACE TREATMENT; DIFFUSION TREATMENT OF METALLIC MATERIAL; COATING BY VACUUM EVAPORATION, BY SPUTTERING, BY ION IMPLANTATION OR BY CHEMICAL VAPOUR DEPOSITION, IN GENERAL; INHIBITING CORROSION OF METALLIC MATERIAL OR INCRUSTATION IN GENERAL
    • C23C—COATING METALLIC MATERIAL; COATING MATERIAL WITH METALLIC MATERIAL; SURFACE TREATMENT OF METALLIC MATERIAL BY DIFFUSION INTO THE SURFACE, BY CHEMICAL CONVERSION OR SUBSTITUTION; COATING BY VACUUM EVAPORATION, BY SPUTTERING, BY ION IMPLANTATION OR BY CHEMICAL VAPOUR DEPOSITION, IN GENERAL
    • C23C4/00—Coating by spraying the coating material in the molten state, e.g. by flame, plasma or electric discharge
    • C23C4/02—Pretreatment of the material to be coated, e.g. for coating on selected surface areas
    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C23—COATING METALLIC MATERIAL; COATING MATERIAL WITH METALLIC MATERIAL; CHEMICAL SURFACE TREATMENT; DIFFUSION TREATMENT OF METALLIC MATERIAL; COATING BY VACUUM EVAPORATION, BY SPUTTERING, BY ION IMPLANTATION OR BY CHEMICAL VAPOUR DEPOSITION, IN GENERAL; INHIBITING CORROSION OF METALLIC MATERIAL OR INCRUSTATION IN GENERAL
    • C23C—COATING METALLIC MATERIAL; COATING MATERIAL WITH METALLIC MATERIAL; SURFACE TREATMENT OF METALLIC MATERIAL BY DIFFUSION INTO THE SURFACE, BY CHEMICAL CONVERSION OR SUBSTITUTION; COATING BY VACUUM EVAPORATION, BY SPUTTERING, BY ION IMPLANTATION OR BY CHEMICAL VAPOUR DEPOSITION, IN GENERAL
    • C23C4/00—Coating by spraying the coating material in the molten state, e.g. by flame, plasma or electric discharge
    • C23C4/04—Coating by spraying the coating material in the molten state, e.g. by flame, plasma or electric discharge characterised by the coating material
    • C23C4/06—Metallic material
    • C23C4/08—Metallic material containing only metal elements

Abstract

A full-process automatic manufacturing method for a nozzle coating of an aircraft engine tail comprises the steps of determining an integration and control mode of processes of sand blasting, cleaning, spraying and cooling before spraying, and ensuring spraying control of coating performance; the parts loading and unloading, sand blasting, cleaning, spraying and cooling functional areas are integrated into a whole, and the work is supported by a sound insulation room, a sand blasting control system, an atmospheric ion spraying control system and software and hardware of a multi-station turntable; preparing a nickel-chromium-tungsten coating by adopting an F4-HBS (hydrogen sulfide) atmospheric ion spray gun, wherein the main gas is Ar, and the secondary gas is H 2 . The invention has the advantages that: the coating has good quality consistency and high one-time processing qualification rate, and meets the surface wear-resistant requirement of parts in the working state of the engine. Compared with single-process automatic production, the method can improve the one-time processing qualified rate by 7 percent, improve the production efficiency by 46 percent, can also be used for coating production of aero-engines and parts with the relevant industry size not exceeding 350mm, and has higher economic benefit.

Description

Full-process automatic manufacturing method for nozzle coating of aircraft engine tail
Technical Field
The invention relates to the field of aero-engines, in particular to a full-process automatic manufacturing method for an aero-engine tail nozzle coating.
Background
The aeroengine tail nozzle needs to be contracted and expanded according to different working states of an engine, the contracted and expanded nozzle is connected and driven through a ball head, a hinge and a pin shaft part, the contact surfaces of the parts slide mutually in the contraction and expansion process, and the friction and wear phenomena are easy to occur, so that the wear-resistant protective coating prepared by a thermal spraying process is designed and used on the surface of the part to prolong the service life of the worn part, and the wear-resistant protective coating comprises a nickel-aluminum-tungsten and nickel-chromium-boron-silicon coating which is subjected to ion spraying.
The process flow of the thermal spraying process comprises sand blasting treatment before spraying, spraying and cooling, and the adopted processing modes comprise manual operation and single-process automatic operation, namely all the processes are that a sand blasting gun is held by a person and a spray gun is used for processing or sand blasting treatment before spraying, and the single spraying process adopts a robot to clamp the sand blasting gun and the spray gun for processing. The above processing method has the following problems: firstly, when a part is installed and disassembled, the spraying equipment needs to be shut down, and when sand blasting is carried out before spraying, the spraying equipment needs to be waited, so that frequent starting and stopping and idle waste of the spraying equipment are caused; secondly, different devices are used in different processes, parts need to be circulated among different places, the surface of pretreatment is easily polluted, the binding force between a coating and a part substrate is influenced, and the quality risks of coating chipping and peeling are caused; and thirdly, the number of ball heads, hinges and pin shaft parts assembled at the tail nozzle of the aircraft engine is large, the labor intensity of personnel adopting the production mode is high, the manufacturing period of a coating is long, and the increasing product delivery requirements cannot be met.
The manufacturing technology of the aero-engine is vigorously popularized to be informationized and automated, thermal spraying production is gradually promoted to be automated from the original manual operation, but due to the fact that the thermal spraying process is complex, the types of related equipment are many, the manufacturing level is still in the primary stage of single-process automation, the automatic manufacturing technology of multiple processes and all processes is not fully researched, and targeted engineering application and verification on aero-engine equipment are not achieved.
Disclosure of Invention
The invention aims to solve the problems of poor quality consistency, low production efficiency and high labor intensity in the manufacturing of the coating of the nozzle part of the aircraft engine tail, and particularly provides a full-process automatic manufacturing method for the nozzle coating of the aircraft engine tail.
The invention provides a full-process automatic manufacturing method for a nozzle coating at the tail of an aircraft engine, which is characterized by comprising the following steps of: the full-process automatic manufacturing method for the aircraft engine tail nozzle coating comprises the steps of determining an integration and control mode of sand blasting, cleaning, spraying and cooling processes before spraying, and ensuring spraying control of coating performance; the parts are assembled and disassembled, the sand blasting, the cleaning, the spraying and the cooling functional areas are integrated into a whole, and the work is supported by a sound insulation room, a sand blasting control system, an atmosphere ion spraying control system and software and hardware of a multi-station turntable;
the loading and unloading area is provided with a part recognition device which can intelligently judge whether parts are loaded on the station and whether the parts complete the whole process machining, and sends a next step instruction to the system according to the judgment result; meanwhile, the loading and unloading area is provided with an infrared inductor, so that the multi-station turntable cannot be changed when an operator loads and unloads parts, and the clamping accident is avoided; the sand blasting area is used for roughening the surface of the part before spraying and improving the bonding strength of a coating and the part and consists of a rotary servo motor, a sand recovery and screening device, a sand blasting gun, a mechanical arm, a dust and waste sand collecting box and a sand hopper; the part cleaning area is arranged between the spraying area and the sand blasting area, consists of a compressed air knife and a servo motor, and is used for blowing floating dust on the surface of the part and reducing interface pollution between the coating and the substrate; the spraying area is used for preparing a coating on the surface of the part and comprises a mechanical arm, a servo motor and an atmospheric ion spray gun, wherein the mechanical arm is used for clamping the spray gun and is matched with the servo motor to finish the rotation or angle positioning spraying of the part; the part cooling area and the spraying area share one area, are arranged behind the spraying station, consist of a compressed air knife and a servo motor and are used for cooling the sprayed parts so as to prevent the problems of cracks and falling off caused by overheating of a coating; the loading and unloading area, the sand blasting area, the cleaning area, the spraying area and the cooling area are connected in series through a multi-station turntable, and a sand blasting system, a spraying system and a manipulator system are controlled in a centralized manner by a central control cabinet; preparing a nickel-chromium-tungsten coating by adopting an F4-HBS (hydrogen sulfide) atmospheric ion spray gun, wherein the main gas is Ar, and the secondary gas is H 2 。
In the preparation of the nickel-chromium-tungsten coating by adopting the F4-HBS atmospheric ion spray gun, specific process parameters are shown in Table 1, the temperature of a part matrix is required to be controlled not to exceed 200 ℃ in the spraying process, and cracks or peeling caused by large internal stress formed by overhigh temperature of the coating are avoided;
TABLE 1 Nickel chromium tungsten coating Process parameters
Figure GDA0002985824900000031
The full-process automatic manufacturing method for the coating of the jet nozzle of the aircraft engine adopts equipment comprising the following parts:
part loading and unloading area:
the loading and unloading area is provided with a part identification device which can intelligently judge whether parts are loaded on the station and whether the parts complete the whole process; when the station without the workpiece reaches a sand blasting area or a spraying area, the manipulator does not execute a sand blasting or spraying program, the multi-station rotary table can be quickly switched, and sand blasting or spraying is not performed; when the parts are machined and reach the loading and unloading area, if the parts are not unloaded, the multi-station rotary table cannot be changed, so that the machined parts are prevented from entering the sand blasting and spraying area again; the loading and unloading area is provided with the infrared grating, namely the multi-station turntable cannot be shifted when an operator loads and unloads parts, so that the safety accident of clamping injury is avoided;
a part sand blasting area:
the sand blasting area consists of a rotary servo motor, a sand recovery and screening device, a sand blasting gun, a manipulator, a dust and waste sand collecting box and a sand hopper facility and is used for coarsening the surface of the part before spraying so as to improve the bonding strength of a coating and the part; linkage cabin doors for sealing are arranged on two sides of the sand blasting area, and when sand blasting operation is carried out, the cabin doors are closed, and powder layers or sand grains enter other areas; after the sand blasting operation is finished, the cabin door is opened, and the multi-station rotary table is closed again after the transposition is finished;
part clearance district:
the part cleaning area is arranged between the spraying area and the sand blasting area and consists of a compressed air knife and a servo motor; when the part reaches the area, the servo motor drives the part to rotate, and meanwhile, the compressed air is started to blow off floating ash remained on the surface of the part after sand blasting, so that the interface pollution between the coating and the matrix is reduced, and the bonding strength of the coating is improved;
and (3) part spraying area:
the spraying area comprises a manipulator, a servo motor and an atmosphere ion spray gun facility, the manipulator is used for clamping the spray gun, and the manipulator is matched with the servo motor to finish the rotation or angle positioning spraying of parts; the spray gun is provided with a compressed air nozzle, and when the manipulator clamps the spray gun to run to a part spraying area, the compressed air can be opened in a linkage manner to cool, so that overheating of parts and coatings in the spraying process is avoided;
part cooling area:
the part cooling area and the spraying area share one area, are arranged behind the spraying station, consist of a compressed air knife and a servo motor and are used for cooling the sprayed parts, so that the problems of cracks and falling quality caused by overheating of a coating are avoided, and the situation that the temperature of the parts reaching the loading and unloading area is too high to scald operators is avoided;
the sand blasting area, the cleaning area, the spraying area and the cooling area are connected in series through the multi-station rotary table, and the sand blasting system, the spraying system and the manipulator system are controlled in a centralized mode through a central control cabinet.
Carrying out full-process automatic spraying test on the ball head part of the tail nozzle of the aircraft engine; the process flow is as follows: loading parts (clamping the parts to a spraying clamp and taking shielding measures) → sand blasting (cleaning and roughening the spraying surface of the parts) → cleaning after sand blasting (wiping sand grains and floating dust on the surface of the parts) → part conversion (realizing part conversion through positioning and rotating of a rotary table) → plasma spraying (carrying out plasma spraying on a part spraying area) → cooling (carrying out cooling and cleaning surface dust on the parts by using compressed air) → unloading parts (removing tools and unloading parts);
the surface of the coating after plasma spraying is in uniform gray, has no overburning discoloration, and has no phenomena of cracks, tilting, peeling and the like; the surface of the coating after mechanical processing is uniform in metallic luster, free of cracks, chipping and the like, and the surface roughness is Ra =0.32 μm, so that the use requirement is met.
The invention has the advantages that:
the aviation engine tail nozzle part produced by the coating full-process automatic manufacturing technology has good coating quality consistency and high one-time processing qualification rate, and meets the surface wear-resistant requirement of the part in the engine working state. Compared with single-process automatic production, the one-time processing yield can be improved by 7%, the production efficiency is improved by 46%, and meanwhile, the technology can also be used for coating production of aero-engines and parts with the size not exceeding 350mm in related industries, and has higher economic benefit.
Drawings
The invention is described in further detail below with reference to the following figures and embodiments:
FIG. 1 is a schematic view of a full-process automated coating manufacturing apparatus;
FIG. 2 is a schematic view of the surface state of the coating after the ball head part is sprayed and machined;
FIG. 3 shows a coating microstructure of a ball head part.
Detailed Description
Examples
The invention provides a full-process automatic manufacturing method for a nozzle coating of an aircraft engine tail, which is characterized by comprising the following steps of: the full-process automatic manufacturing method for the aircraft engine tail nozzle coating comprises the steps of determining the integration and control mode of the processes of sand blasting, cleaning, spraying and cooling before spraying, and ensuring the spraying control of the coating performance; the parts are assembled and disassembled, the sand blasting, the cleaning, the spraying and the cooling functional areas are integrated into a whole, and the work is supported by a sound insulation room, a sand blasting control system, an atmosphere ion spraying control system and software and hardware of a multi-station turntable;
the loading and unloading area is provided with a part recognition device which can intelligently judge whether parts are loaded on the station and whether the parts complete the whole process processing, and sends a next step instruction to the system according to the judgment result; meanwhile, the loading and unloading area is provided with an infrared inductor, so that the multi-station turntable cannot be changed when an operator loads and unloads parts, and the clamping accident is avoided; the sand blasting area is used for roughening the surface of the part before spraying and improving the bonding strength of a coating and the part and consists of a rotary servo motor, a sand recovery and screening device, a sand blasting gun, a mechanical arm, a dust and waste sand collecting box and a sand hopper; the part cleaning area is arranged between the spraying area and the sand blasting area, consists of a compressed air knife and a servo motor, and is used for blowing floating ash on the surface of the part and reducing interface pollution between the coating and the matrix; the spraying area is used for preparing a coating on the surface of the part and comprises a mechanical arm, a servo motor and an atmospheric ion spray gun, wherein the mechanical arm is used for clamping the spray gun and is matched with the servo motor to finish the rotation or angle positioning spraying of the part; the part cooling area and the spraying area share one area, are arranged behind the spraying station, consist of a compressed air knife and a servo motor and are used for sprayingThe part is cooled, and the problems of cracks and falling off caused by overheating of the coating are prevented; the loading and unloading area, the sand blasting area, the cleaning area, the spraying area and the cooling area are connected in series through a multi-station turntable, and the sand blasting system, the spraying system and the manipulator system are controlled in a centralized manner by a central control cabinet; preparing a nickel-chromium-tungsten coating by adopting an F4-HBS (hydrogen sulfide) atmospheric ion spray gun, wherein the main gas is Ar, and the secondary gas is H 2 。
In the preparation of the nickel-chromium-tungsten coating by adopting the F4-HBS atmospheric ion spray gun, specific process parameters are shown in Table 1, the temperature of a part matrix is required to be controlled not to exceed 200 ℃ in the spraying process, and cracks or peeling caused by the formation of large internal stress of the coating due to overhigh temperature are avoided;
TABLE 1 Nickel chromium tungsten coating Process parameters
Figure GDA0002985824900000071
The full-process automatic manufacturing method for the coating of the jet nozzle of the aircraft engine adopts equipment comprising the following parts:
part loading and unloading area:
the loading and unloading area is provided with a part identification device which can intelligently judge whether parts are loaded on the station and whether the parts complete the whole process; when the station without the workpiece reaches a sand blasting area or a spraying area, the manipulator does not execute a sand blasting or spraying program, the multi-station rotary table can be quickly switched, and sand blasting or spraying is not performed; when the parts are machined and reach the loading and unloading area, if the parts are not unloaded, the multi-station rotary table cannot be changed, so that the machined parts are prevented from entering the sand blasting and spraying area again; the loading and unloading area is provided with the infrared grating, namely the multi-station rotary table cannot be replaced when an operator loads and unloads parts, so that the safety accident of clamping injury is avoided;
part sand blasting area:
the sand blasting area consists of a rotary servo motor, a sand recovery and screening device, a sand blasting gun, a manipulator, a dust and waste sand collecting box and a sand hopper facility and is used for coarsening the surface of the part before spraying so as to improve the bonding strength of a coating and the part; linkage cabin doors for sealing are arranged on two sides of the sand blasting area, and when sand blasting operation is carried out, the cabin doors are closed, and powder layers or sand grains enter other areas; after the sand blasting operation is finished, the cabin door is opened, and the multi-station rotary table is closed again after the transposition is finished;
part clearance district:
the part cleaning area is arranged between the spraying area and the sand blasting area and consists of a compressed air knife and a servo motor; when the part reaches the area, the servo motor drives the part to rotate, and meanwhile, the compressed air is started to blow off floating ash remained on the surface of the part after sand blasting, so that the interface pollution between the coating and the matrix is reduced, and the bonding strength of the coating is improved;
a part spraying area:
the spraying area comprises a manipulator, a servo motor and an atmosphere ion spray gun facility, the manipulator is used for clamping the spray gun, and the manipulator is matched with the servo motor to finish the rotation or angle positioning spraying of parts; the spray gun is provided with a compressed air nozzle, and when the manipulator clamps the spray gun to run to a part spraying area, the compressed air can be opened in a linkage manner to cool, so that overheating of parts and coatings in the spraying process is avoided;
part cooling area:
the part cooling area and the spraying area share one area, are arranged behind the spraying station, consist of a compressed air knife and a servo motor and are used for cooling the sprayed parts, so that the problems of cracks and falling quality caused by overheating of a coating are avoided, and the situation that the temperature of the parts reaching the loading and unloading area is too high to scald operators is avoided;
the sand blasting area, the cleaning area, the spraying area and the cooling area are connected in series through the multi-station rotary table, and the sand blasting system, the spraying system and the manipulator system are controlled in a centralized mode through a central control cabinet.
Carrying out full-process automatic spraying test on the ball head part of the tail nozzle of the aircraft engine; the process flow is as follows: loading a part (clamping the part to a spraying clamp and taking shielding measures) → sandblasting (cleaning and roughening the spraying surface of the part) → cleaning after sandblasting (wiping sand grains and floating ash on the surface of the part off) → part conversion (realizing part conversion through positioning and rotating of a rotary table) → plasma spraying (carrying out plasma spraying on a part spraying area) → cooling (carrying out cooling and cleaning surface dust on the part by using compressed air) → unloading of the part (removing a tool and unloading the part);
the surface of the coating after plasma spraying is in uniform gray, has no overburning discoloration, and has no phenomena of cracks, tilting, peeling and the like; the surface of the coating after mechanical processing is uniform in metallic luster, free of cracks, chipping and the like, and the surface roughness is Ra =0.32 μm, so that the use requirement is met.
And carrying out damage sampling on the sprayed ball head test piece, and observing a metallographic structure. Fig. 3 shows a typical metallographic structure of the coating at 200 times magnification, and the examination results are shown in table 2 and meet the standard requirements.
TABLE 2 microscopic examination results of coating of ball head parts
Figure GDA0002985824900000091
Figure GDA0002985824900000101

Claims (3)

1. The full-process automatic manufacturing method for the coating of the jet nozzle of the aircraft engine is characterized by comprising the following steps of: the full-process automatic manufacturing method for the aircraft engine tail nozzle coating comprises the steps of determining an integration and control mode of sand blasting, cleaning, spraying and cooling processes before spraying, and ensuring spraying control of coating performance; the parts are assembled and disassembled, the sand blasting, the cleaning, the spraying and the cooling functional areas are integrated into a whole, and the work is supported by a sound insulation room, a sand blasting control system, an atmosphere ion spraying control system and software and hardware of a multi-station turntable;
the loading and unloading area is provided with a part recognition device which can intelligently judge whether parts are loaded on the station and whether the parts complete the whole process processing, and sends a next step instruction to the system according to the judgment result; meanwhile, the loading and unloading area is provided with an infrared inductor, so that the multi-station turntable cannot be changed when an operator loads and unloads parts, and the clamping accident is avoided; the sand blasting area is used for roughening the surface of the part before spraying, improving the bonding strength of the coating and the part and is servo-controlled by rotationThe sand blasting machine comprises a motor, a sand recovery and screening device, a sand blasting gun, a manipulator, a dust and waste sand collecting box and a sand hopper; the part cleaning area is arranged between the spraying area and the sand blasting area, consists of a compressed air knife and a servo motor, and is used for blowing floating dust on the surface of the part and reducing interface pollution between the coating and the substrate; the spraying area is used for preparing a coating on the surface of a part and comprises a mechanical arm, a servo motor and an atmospheric ion spray gun, wherein the mechanical arm is used for clamping the spray gun and is matched with the servo motor to finish the rotation or angle positioning spraying of the part; the part cooling area and the spraying area share one area, are arranged behind the spraying station, consist of a compressed air knife and a servo motor and are used for cooling the sprayed parts so as to prevent the problems of cracks and falling off caused by overheating of a coating; the loading and unloading area, the sand blasting area, the cleaning area, the spraying area and the cooling area are connected in series through a multi-station turntable, and a sand blasting system, a spraying system and a manipulator system are controlled in a centralized manner by a central control cabinet; preparing a nickel-chromium-tungsten coating by adopting an F4-HBS (hydrogen sulfide) atmospheric ion spray gun, wherein the main gas is Ar, and the secondary gas is H 2 (ii) a In the preparation of the nickel-chromium-tungsten coating by adopting the F4-HBS atmospheric ion spray gun, the temperature of a part matrix is required to be controlled not to exceed 200 ℃ in the spraying process, so that the coating is prevented from forming large internal stress due to overhigh temperature to cause cracks or peeling;
the technological parameters of the nickel-chromium-tungsten coating are as follows:
Ar(NLPM)：40
H 2 (NLPM)：6
I(A)：420
P(kW)29.0
U(V)：69.0
the type of the scraper blade: NL is a linear array
Disc velocity (%): 15
Spray distance (mm): 140.
2. the full-process automated manufacturing method for an aircraft engine exhaust nozzle coating according to claim 1, characterized in that: the full-process automatic manufacturing method for the coating of the jet nozzle of the aircraft engine adopts equipment comprising the following parts:
part loading and unloading area:
the loading and unloading area is provided with a part identification device which can intelligently judge whether parts are loaded on the station and whether the parts complete the whole process; when the station without the workpiece reaches a sand blasting area or a spraying area, the manipulator does not execute a sand blasting or spraying program, the multi-station rotary table can be quickly switched, and sand blasting or spraying is not performed; when the parts are machined and reach the loading and unloading area, if the parts are not unloaded, the multi-station rotary table cannot be changed, so that the machined parts are prevented from entering the sand blasting and spraying area again; the loading and unloading area is provided with the infrared grating, namely the multi-station rotary table cannot be replaced when an operator loads and unloads parts, so that the safety accident of clamping injury is avoided;
part sand blasting area:
the sand blasting area consists of a rotary servo motor, a sand recovery and screening device, a sand blasting gun, a manipulator, a dust and waste sand collecting box and a sand hopper facility and is used for coarsening the surface of the part before spraying so as to improve the bonding strength of a coating and the part; linkage cabin doors for sealing are arranged on two sides of the sand blasting area, and the cabin doors are closed during sand blasting operation to prevent powder layers or sand grains from entering other areas; after the sand blasting operation is finished, the cabin door is opened, and the multi-station rotary table is closed again after the transposition is finished;
part clearance district:
the part cleaning area is arranged between the spraying area and the sand blasting area and consists of a compressed air knife and a servo motor; when the part reaches the area, the servo motor drives the part to rotate, and meanwhile, the compressed air is started to blow off floating ash remained on the surface of the part after sand blasting, so that the interface pollution between the coating and the matrix is reduced, and the bonding strength of the coating is improved;
and (3) part spraying area:
the spraying area comprises a manipulator, a servo motor and an atmosphere ion spray gun facility, the manipulator is used for clamping the spray gun, and the manipulator is matched with the servo motor to finish the rotation or angle positioning spraying of parts; the spray gun is provided with a compressed air nozzle, when the manipulator clamps the spray gun to run to a part spraying area, the compressed air can be opened in a linkage manner to cool, and parts and coatings are prevented from being overheated in the spraying process;
part cooling area:
the part cooling area and the spraying area share one area, are arranged behind the spraying station, consist of a compressed air knife and a servo motor and are used for cooling the sprayed parts, so that the problems of cracks and falling quality caused by overheating of a coating are avoided, and the situation that the temperature of the parts reaching the loading and unloading area is too high to scald operators is avoided;
the sand blasting area, the cleaning area, the spraying area and the cooling area are connected in series through the multi-station rotary table, and the sand blasting system, the spraying system and the manipulator system are controlled in a centralized mode through a central control cabinet.
3. The full-process automated manufacturing method for an aircraft engine jet nozzle coating according to claim 1, characterized in that: carrying out full-process automatic spraying test on the ball head part of the tail nozzle of the aircraft engine;
the process flow is as follows:
loading parts: clamping the part to a spraying clamp and taking a shielding measure → blasting: cleaning and coarsening the sprayed surface of the part → cleaning after sand blasting: wiping sand grains and floating ash on the surface of the part → converting the part: part conversion → plasma spraying is realized through the positioning and rotation of the rotary table: plasma spraying → cooling the part spraying area: cooling and cleaning of surface dust using compressed air → part unloading: removing the tool and unloading the zero;
the surface of the coating after plasma spraying is in uniform gray, has no overburning discoloration, and has no phenomena of cracks, tilting, peeling and the like; the surface of the coating after mechanical processing has uniform metallic luster, no phenomena of cracks, chipping and the like, and the surface roughness is Ra =0.32 μm, thereby meeting the use requirements.
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