CN112708843A - Micro-nano gradient structure heat insulation coating and preparation method thereof - Google Patents
Micro-nano gradient structure heat insulation coating and preparation method thereof Download PDFInfo
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- PXHVJJICTQNCMI-UHFFFAOYSA-N Nickel Chemical compound [Ni] PXHVJJICTQNCMI-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 7
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- KZHJGOXRZJKJNY-UHFFFAOYSA-N dioxosilane;oxo(oxoalumanyloxy)alumane Chemical compound O=[Si]=O.O=[Si]=O.O=[Al]O[Al]=O.O=[Al]O[Al]=O.O=[Al]O[Al]=O KZHJGOXRZJKJNY-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
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- GFQYVLUOOAAOGM-UHFFFAOYSA-N zirconium(iv) silicate Chemical compound [Zr+4].[O-][Si]([O-])([O-])[O-] GFQYVLUOOAAOGM-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C23—COATING METALLIC MATERIAL; COATING MATERIAL WITH METALLIC MATERIAL; CHEMICAL SURFACE TREATMENT; DIFFUSION TREATMENT OF METALLIC MATERIAL; COATING BY VACUUM EVAPORATION, BY SPUTTERING, BY ION IMPLANTATION OR BY CHEMICAL VAPOUR DEPOSITION, IN GENERAL; INHIBITING CORROSION OF METALLIC MATERIAL OR INCRUSTATION IN GENERAL
- C23C—COATING METALLIC MATERIAL; COATING MATERIAL WITH METALLIC MATERIAL; SURFACE TREATMENT OF METALLIC MATERIAL BY DIFFUSION INTO THE SURFACE, BY CHEMICAL CONVERSION OR SUBSTITUTION; COATING BY VACUUM EVAPORATION, BY SPUTTERING, BY ION IMPLANTATION OR BY CHEMICAL VAPOUR DEPOSITION, IN GENERAL
- C23C4/00—Coating by spraying the coating material in the molten state, e.g. by flame, plasma or electric discharge
- C23C4/04—Coating by spraying the coating material in the molten state, e.g. by flame, plasma or electric discharge characterised by the coating material
- C23C4/06—Metallic material
- C23C4/073—Metallic material containing MCrAl or MCrAlY alloys, where M is nickel, cobalt or iron, with or without non-metal elements
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B82—NANOTECHNOLOGY
- B82Y—SPECIFIC USES OR APPLICATIONS OF NANOSTRUCTURES; MEASUREMENT OR ANALYSIS OF NANOSTRUCTURES; MANUFACTURE OR TREATMENT OF NANOSTRUCTURES
- B82Y30/00—Nanotechnology for materials or surface science, e.g. nanocomposites
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B82—NANOTECHNOLOGY
- B82Y—SPECIFIC USES OR APPLICATIONS OF NANOSTRUCTURES; MEASUREMENT OR ANALYSIS OF NANOSTRUCTURES; MANUFACTURE OR TREATMENT OF NANOSTRUCTURES
- B82Y40/00—Manufacture or treatment of nanostructures
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- C23—COATING METALLIC MATERIAL; COATING MATERIAL WITH METALLIC MATERIAL; CHEMICAL SURFACE TREATMENT; DIFFUSION TREATMENT OF METALLIC MATERIAL; COATING BY VACUUM EVAPORATION, BY SPUTTERING, BY ION IMPLANTATION OR BY CHEMICAL VAPOUR DEPOSITION, IN GENERAL; INHIBITING CORROSION OF METALLIC MATERIAL OR INCRUSTATION IN GENERAL
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- C23C4/00—Coating by spraying the coating material in the molten state, e.g. by flame, plasma or electric discharge
- C23C4/02—Pretreatment of the material to be coated, e.g. for coating on selected surface areas
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C23—COATING METALLIC MATERIAL; COATING MATERIAL WITH METALLIC MATERIAL; CHEMICAL SURFACE TREATMENT; DIFFUSION TREATMENT OF METALLIC MATERIAL; COATING BY VACUUM EVAPORATION, BY SPUTTERING, BY ION IMPLANTATION OR BY CHEMICAL VAPOUR DEPOSITION, IN GENERAL; INHIBITING CORROSION OF METALLIC MATERIAL OR INCRUSTATION IN GENERAL
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- C23C4/00—Coating by spraying the coating material in the molten state, e.g. by flame, plasma or electric discharge
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- C23C4/00—Coating by spraying the coating material in the molten state, e.g. by flame, plasma or electric discharge
- C23C4/12—Coating by spraying the coating material in the molten state, e.g. by flame, plasma or electric discharge characterised by the method of spraying
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Abstract
The invention belongs to the field of thermal insulation coatings, and discloses a micro-nano gradient structure coating with the grain size distributed in a gradient manner along the coating thickness direction and a preparation method thereof. The coating can be used for a heat insulation layer of a high-temperature structure. The coating consists of a high-temperature alloy anti-oxidation layer, a nanometer heat-resistant ceramic layer and a micrometer heat-resistant ceramic layer. The invention also discloses a preparation method of the heat insulation coating, and plasma spraying equipment is adopted to move according to a set route for spraying, so that the coating with uniform thickness and alternately arranged micron-nano ceramics is obtained. The heat insulation coating can fully utilize the intrinsic heat insulation property of coatings with different grain sizes, can reduce the difference effect of internal and external stresses of the coating to the maximum extent through gradient change, and avoids the problem of coating falling caused by uneven stress distribution to the maximum extent, thereby greatly prolonging the service life of the coating.
Description
Technical Field
The invention relates to the technical field of thermal barrier coatings, in particular to a micro-nano gradient structure thermal insulation coating and a preparation method thereof.
Background
The application of thermal barrier coatings in the high temperature field has become relatively common and appreciated, especially in the different hot end parts of aerospace gas turbines. The service of the metal structure material under the complex high-temperature working condition is one of the most urgent high-tech core technologies to be broken through at present, and high-temperature creep, corrosive medium, thermal cycle, thermal sintering, thermal shock and the like all can generate serious influence on related service parts. The existing solution mainly comprises two directions, namely, the performance optimization of the high-temperature alloy structural material and the research and development of the heat-insulating coating. The research time of the high-temperature alloy is longer, and the high-temperature alloy is systematic, but compared with the difficulty of promotion, the research of the heat-insulating coating is more difficult through the performance optimization of the high-temperature alloy. Therefore, the research and application effects of the thermal insulation coating in the high-temperature field are more obvious, and the time cost, the capital cost and the labor cost are relatively less. At present, the heat insulation coating applied in mainstream is a micron-sized ceramic coating or a similar ceramic coating, so that the heat conductivity is low, the excellent heat insulation effect is achieved, and meanwhile, the thermal cycle life is greatly prolonged. However, due to the difference of the temperature fields at the two sides of the coating, the difference of the thermal stress from outside to inside of the coating is very obvious, so that the coating is easy to crack and cause falling failure, and meanwhile, the thickness of the coating can only be controlled within a certain range (such as within 300 micrometers), thereby severely limiting the application of the excellent heat insulation effect of the thick coating. In addition, in the family culinary art in-process, under the heating effect of naked light gas, if the pan is high for a long time, can cause irreversible destruction or even worsen to the chemical composition of food itself on the one hand, on the other hand can greatly reduced the life of pan.
At present, the most popular method for thermal barrier coating is to coat a metal bonding layer (MCrAlY, M is Ni or NiCo) and a micron-sized heat-resistant non-metallic ceramic, such as zirconia-yttria, zirconia-calcia, zirconia-magnesia, mullite, zirconite, etc., on the surface of the material structure by thermal spraying. The metal bonding layer has excellent matching property with the metal matrix and the ceramic layer due to the thermal expansion coefficient of the metal bonding layer, and can inhibit the oxidation of the matrix metal due to the TGO layer generated in the service process. The heat insulation ceramic layer reduces the heat conductivity, so that the temperature forms a gradient field, and the temperature of the metal matrix is reduced, thereby protecting the stable operation of the metal matrix. The currently mainstream 8YSZ coating has excellent comprehensive performance and is widely applied to the field of high-temperature heat-insulating coatings. But on one hand, because YSZ is a good conductor of oxygen at high temperature, the oxidation of the substrate caused by the oxygen entering cannot be hindered, so that the thickening and the final failure of the TGO layer are caused, and on the other hand, because of the sudden change of the thermal stress field, the coating is easy to fall off and has limited thickness.
The nano material has special physical characteristics, such as surface and interface effect, small-size effect, quantum size effect and macroscopic quantum tunneling effect. Because the crystal boundary surface is increased, the crystal boundary defects are increased, the conductivity of the nano material is reduced, and the reduction by 1-2 orders of magnitude can be achieved. At high temperatures, YSZ is a good conductor of oxygen ions, and oxygen diffuses through the YSZ coating to the substrate, oxidizing the substrate. Therefore, the oxygen ion conductivity of the nano YSZ is reduced, which is beneficial to improving the oxidation resistance of the substrate. In addition, if the nano ceramic material and the micro ceramic material can be combined to form a novel coating with excessive chemical composition gradient, the coating has a great positive effect on improving the distribution of the thermal stress of the coating. Therefore, the service life of the coating is certainly greatly prolonged.
Disclosure of Invention
One of the purposes of the invention is to provide a micro-nano gradient structure heat insulation coating, which has the advantages that the antioxidation effect of the nano coating is fully realized, the chemical components are graded to maximize the effect of reducing the deterioration of the thermal stress, and the service life of the coating can be greatly prolonged while the excellent heat resistance effect is kept under the condition of open fire heating combustion.
The second purpose of the invention is to provide a preparation method of the micro-nano gradient structure heat insulation coating.
In order to achieve the purpose, the invention provides the following technical scheme:
the coating is used as a surface layer of a high-temperature structure in direct contact with open fire of fuel gas and sequentially comprises a high-temperature alloy anti-oxidation transition layer, a micron-scale heat-resistant ceramic layer and a nano-scale heat-resistant ceramic layer from inside to outside. Wherein the total thickness of the coating is 100-800 microns, the single-layer thickness of the high-temperature alloy anti-oxidation transition layer is 30-100 microns, the single-layer thickness of the micron-sized heat-resistant ceramic layer is 50-200 microns, the thickness of the nano-sized heat-resistant ceramic layer is 20-200 microns, the micron-sized heat-resistant ceramic layer and the nano-sized heat-resistant ceramic layer are alternately arranged, and the total number of the ceramic layers is 2-10.
Preferably, the high-temperature structure directly contacted with the open fire of the fuel gas is 300 series austenitic stainless steel, nickel-based high-temperature alloy, aluminum alloy, cobalt-based high-temperature alloy and 9-12Cr heat-resistant steel.
Preferably, the material of the high-temperature alloy anti-oxidation transition layer is MCrAlY high-temperature alloy powder, wherein M is Ni or NiCo, and the particle size of the material of the high-temperature alloy anti-oxidation transition layer is 40-80 microns.
Preferably, the micron-sized heat-resistant ceramic layer is made of any one of micron-sized zirconia-based ceramic powder, micron-sized rare earth oxide powder, micron-sized rare earth zirconate powder, micron-sized hexaaluminate powder and the like, and the particle size of the micron-sized heat-resistant ceramic layer is 40-120 microns.
Preferably, the material of the nanometer heat-resistant ceramic layer is selected from any one of nanometer zirconia-based ceramic powder, nanometer rare earth oxide powder, nanometer rare earth zirconate powder and/or nanometer hexaaluminate powder agglomerated powder, and the like, and the particle size of the nanometer heat-resistant ceramic layer material agglomerated powder is 40-100 microns.
Preferably, the preparation of the thermal barrier coating comprises the following steps:
s0: pretreatment: polishing the surface of a high-temperature structure to be sprayed, which is directly contacted with the open flame of the fuel gas, by using No. 150-1000 abrasive paper to ensure that the surface is smooth; then soaking and cleaning the surface of the high-temperature structure by using 95% alcohol, and drying;
s1: sand blasting treatment: carrying out sand blasting on the surface of the high-temperature structure to be sprayed;
s2: drying treatment: drying the material powder of the high-temperature alloy anti-oxidation transition layer, the material powder of the micron-sized heat-resistant ceramic layer and the material powder of the nano-sized heat-resistant ceramic layer;
s3: spraying: firstly, spraying material powder of the high-temperature alloy anti-oxidation transition layer by using a single path, then respectively spraying material powder of the micron-scale heat-resistant ceramic layer and material powder of the nano-scale heat-resistant ceramic layer by using multi-path plasma spraying equipment, alternately spraying material powder of the micron-scale heat-resistant ceramic layer and material powder of the nano-scale heat-resistant ceramic layer, wherein the spraying path is a straight line, and finally obtaining the micro-nano gradient structure heat-insulating coating.
Preferably, in the step S1, the parameters of the sand blasting process are set as follows, the air pressure is 0.1-0.6MPa, the distance is 100-300mm, the angle is 60-75 °, the diameter of the nozzle is 5-15mm, the speed of the spray gun has no strict requirement, and the spray gun only needs to be uniform.
Preferably, in the step S2, the drying temperature of the powder is 200 ℃, and the drying time is 2 hours.
Specifically, the powder particle sizes selected by the invention are MCrAlY powder (40-80 microns), micron ceramic powder (40-120 microns) and nano ceramic agglomerated powder (40-100 microns).
Preferably, in step S3, the spraying process: the voltage is 40-100V, the current is 200-1000A, the main gas is 20-100L/min, the secondary gas is 0.5-10L/min, the powder feeding gas is 0-10L/min, the powder feeding speed is 0-100g/min, the spraying distance is 50-200mm, and the spraying speed is 10-100 mm/s.
Preferably, in the step S3, after spraying, the nanoscale heat-resistant ceramic layer is located at the outermost side, and the high-temperature structure surface overcoat is sequentially a high-temperature alloy oxidation-resistant layer/a micron-sized heat-resistant ceramic layer/a nanoscale heat-resistant ceramic layer/…/a micron-sized heat-resistant ceramic layer/a nanoscale heat-resistant ceramic layer.
Compared with the prior art, the invention has the beneficial effects that:
1. the micro-nano gradient structure coating has excellent heat insulation effect and excellent anti-oxidation and anti-falling effects, and compared with a single micron structure coating, the micro-nano gradient structure coating greatly reduces the tendency that the coating is too thick and is easy to fall off under the condition of long-time heating or thermal cycle by open fire, and greatly prolongs the service life.
2. The preparation method of the heat insulation coating with the micro-nano gradient structure can be used for efficiently preparing the micro-nano gradient structure.
Drawings
FIG. 1 is a schematic structural diagram of a micro-nano structure heat insulation coating;
FIG. 2 is a schematic diagram of temperature rise test point distribution;
FIG. 3 is a temperature rise curve on the non-contact open flame side of the comparative example;
FIG. 4 is a temperature rise curve on the non-contact open flame side in example 1;
FIG. 5 is a graph comparing the number of thermal cycles for comparative example, example 1 and example 2;
FIG. 6 is a temperature rise curve on the non-contact open flame side in example 2;
FIG. 7 is a temperature rise curve on the non-contact open flame side in example 3.
Detailed Description
The technical solutions in the embodiments of the present invention will be clearly and completely described below with reference to the drawings in the embodiments of the present invention, and it is obvious that the described embodiments are only a part of the embodiments of the present invention, and not all of the embodiments. All other embodiments, which can be derived by a person skilled in the art from the embodiments given herein without making any creative effort, shall fall within the protection scope of the present invention.
As shown in fig. 1, the micro-nano gradient structure thermal insulation coating is used as a surface layer of a high-temperature structure directly contacted with a gas open fire, and sequentially comprises a high-temperature alloy anti-oxidation transition layer, a micron-scale heat-resistant ceramic layer and a nano-scale heat-resistant ceramic layer from inside to outside.
The following tests were carried out on the micro-nano gradient structure thermal insulation coating obtained in the following examples and comparative examples:
1. and (3) thermal cycle testing:
placing a heat insulation coating sample above a gas cooker, wherein the coating faces to flame, the fire power is adjusted to be maximum, and the sample is quickly placed into a tap water tank after being heated for 10min and recorded as a thermal cycle; after the sample had cooled sufficiently, it was repeated several times until the coating flaking was observed, and the total thermal cycle number H was recorded.
2. And (3) heat insulation test:
and (3) placing the heat insulation coating sample above the gas cooker, adjusting the fire to the maximum, testing the temperature change of the non-contact open fire side along with the time through a thermocouple thermodetector, and recording the temperature once every 30 seconds, wherein the recording time is 5 min. The test result is the average value of different test points, and the distribution diagram of the temperature test points is shown in fig. 2.
Comparative examples
1. Pretreatment: the substrate was 316 stainless steel with a size of 300mm diameter by 1.5 mm. Sequentially polishing with 150-grade 1000# abrasive paper, cleaning with alcohol, and drying at 150 deg.C for 1 min.
2. Sand blasting treatment: carrying out sand blasting treatment on the surface to be sprayed of the matrix, wherein the air pressure is 0.3MPa, the distance is 80mm, the angle is 60 degrees, and the diameter of a nozzle is 8 mm;
3. drying MCrAlY powder (40-80 microns) and 8YSZ (40-120 microns) micron ceramic powder for 2 hours at the temperature of 200 ℃;
4. setting parameters: the spraying voltage is 80V, the current is 200A, the main gas is 60L/min, the secondary gas is 2L/min, the powder feeding speed is 30g/min, the spraying distance is 100mm, and the spraying speed is 20 mm/s;
5. spraying: spraying a NiCrAlY layer with the thickness of 60 microns, and then spraying 8% YSZ with the total thickness of 300 microns;
6. and (3) thermal cycle testing: and (3) placing the sample with the thermal insulation coating above the gas cooker, enabling one side of the coating to face downwards, adjusting the fire to be maximum, heating for 10min, quickly placing the sample into a tap water tank, observing the coating falling phenomenon when the thermal cycle number H is 210, and stopping recording.
7. The thermal insulation coating sample is placed above a gas cooker, the coating side faces downwards, the fire power is adjusted to be maximum, the temperature of the non-contact open fire side is tested to change along with time through a thermocouple thermodetector, and the recording time is 5min, as shown in figure 3.
Example 1
1. Pretreatment: the substrate was 316 stainless steel with a size of 300mm diameter by 1.5 mm. Sequentially polishing with 150-grade 1000# abrasive paper, cleaning with alcohol, and drying at 150 deg.C for 1 min.
2. Sand blasting treatment: carrying out sand blasting treatment on the surface to be sprayed of the matrix, wherein the air pressure is 0.3MPa, the distance is 80mm, the angle is 60 degrees, and the diameter of a nozzle is 8 mm;
3. drying MCrAlY powder (40-80 microns), 8YSZ micron ceramic powder (40-120 microns) and 8YSZ nano ceramic agglomerated powder (40-100 microns) at the temperature of 200 ℃/2 h;
4. setting parameters: the spraying voltage is 80V, the current is 200A, the main gas is 60L/min, the secondary gas is 2L/min, the powder feeding speed is 30g/min, the spraying distance is 100mm, and the spraying speed is 20 mm/s;
5. spraying: spraying a NiCrAlY layer with the thickness of 60 microns, and then spraying 8 percent micrometer YSZ powder and 8 percent nanometer YSZ agglomerated powder in sequence, wherein the total number of layers of the ceramic layer is 2, and the total thickness is 300 microns;
6. and (3) thermal cycle testing: and (3) placing the sample with the thermal insulation coating above the gas cooker, enabling one side of the coating to face downwards, adjusting the fire to be maximum, heating for 10min, quickly placing the sample into a tap water tank, observing the coating falling phenomenon when the thermal cycle number H is 320, and stopping recording.
7. The thermal insulation coating sample is placed above a gas cooker, the coating side faces downwards, the fire power is adjusted to be maximum, the temperature of the non-contact open fire side is tested to change along with time through a thermocouple thermodetector, and the recording time is 5min, as shown in figure 4.
Example 2
1. Pretreatment: the substrate was 316 stainless steel with a size of 300mm diameter by 1.5 mm. Sequentially polishing with 150-grade 1000# abrasive paper, cleaning with alcohol, and drying at 150 deg.C for 1 min.
2. Sand blasting treatment: carrying out sand blasting treatment on the surface to be sprayed of the substrate, wherein the air pressure is 0.3MPa, the distance is 80mm, the angle is 60 degrees, and the diameter of a nozzle is 8 mm;
3. drying MCrAlY powder (40-80 microns), 8YSZ micron ceramic powder (40-120 microns) and 8YSZ nano ceramic agglomerated powder (40-100 microns) at 200 ℃ for 2 hours;
4. setting parameters: the spraying voltage is 80V, the current is 200A, the main gas is 60L/min, the secondary gas is 2L/min, the powder feeding speed is 30g/min, the spraying distance is 100mm, and the spraying speed is 20 mm/s;
5. spraying: spraying a NiCrAlY layer with the thickness of 60 microns, and then spraying 8% micrometer YSZ powder and 8% nanometer YSZ agglomerated powder in sequence, wherein the total number of ceramic layers is 6, the outermost layer is a nanometer ceramic layer, and the total thickness is 800 microns;
6. and (3) thermal cycle testing: the sample with the thermal insulation coating was placed on a gas cooker with the coating side facing downward and the fire adjusted to the maximum, and after heating for 10min, the sample was quickly placed in a tap water tank, and when the number of thermal cycles H was 230, the coating was observed to peel off, and the recording was stopped, as shown in fig. 5. FIG. 5 is a graph comparing the number of thermal cycles for comparative example, example 1 and example 2.
7. The thermal insulation coating sample is placed above a gas cooker, the coating side faces downwards, the fire power is adjusted to be maximum, the temperature of the non-contact open fire side is tested to change along with time through a thermocouple thermodetector, and the recording time is 5min, as shown in figure 6.
Example 3
1. Pretreatment: the substrate was selected to be 1050 aluminum alloy with a size of 300mm diameter by 1.5mm diameter. Sequentially polishing with 150-grade 1000# abrasive paper, cleaning with alcohol, and drying at 150 deg.C for 1 min.
2. Sand blasting treatment: carrying out sand blasting treatment on the matrix, wherein the air pressure is 0.3MPa, the distance is 200mm, the angle is 60 degrees, and the diameter of the nozzle is 10 mm;
3. drying MCrAlY powder (40-80 microns), 8YSZ micron ceramic powder (40-120 microns) and 8YSZ nano ceramic agglomerated powder (40-100 microns) at 200 ℃ for 2 hours;
4. setting parameters: the spraying voltage is 80V, the current is 200A, the main gas is 60L/min, the secondary gas is 2L/min, the powder feeding speed is 30g/min, the spraying distance is 100mm, and the spraying speed is 20 mm/s;
5. spraying: spraying NiCrAlY layer with thickness of 60 microns, and then spraying micron La layer in sequence2Zr2O7Rare earth zirconate powder and nano La2Zr2O7The rare earth zirconate agglomerated powder comprises 4 ceramic layers, a nano ceramic layer and a total thickness of 550 micrometers;
6. and (3) thermal cycle testing: the sample with the thermal insulation coating was placed on a gas cooker with the coating side facing downward and the fire adjusted to the maximum, and after heating for 10min, the sample was quickly placed in a tap water tank, and when the number of thermal cycles H was 305, the coating was observed to peel off, and the recording was stopped, as shown in fig. 5.
7. The thermal insulation coating sample is placed above a gas cooker, the coating side faces downwards, the fire power is adjusted to be maximum, the temperature of the non-contact open fire side is tested to change along with time through a thermocouple thermodetector, and the recording time is 5min, as shown in figure 7.
Although the present invention has been described in detail with reference to the foregoing embodiments, it will be apparent to those skilled in the art that various changes in the embodiments and/or modifications of the invention can be made, and equivalents and modifications of some features of the invention can be made without departing from the spirit and scope of the invention.
Claims (10)
1. A micro-nano gradient structure heat insulation coating is characterized in that: the coating is used as the surface layer of a high-temperature structure directly contacted with open fire of fuel gas and sequentially comprises a high-temperature alloy anti-oxidation transition layer, a micron-sized heat-resistant ceramic layer and a nano-sized heat-resistant ceramic layer from inside to outside, and the total thickness of the coating is 100-800 microns; wherein the content of the first and second substances,
the thickness of the single layer of the high-temperature alloy anti-oxidation transition layer is 30-100 micrometers, the thickness of the single layer of the micron-sized heat-resistant ceramic layer is 50-200 micrometers, the thickness of the nano-sized heat-resistant ceramic layer is 20-200 micrometers, the micron-sized heat-resistant ceramic layer and the nano-sized heat-resistant ceramic layer are alternately arranged, and the total number of the ceramic layers is 2-10.
2. The micro-nano gradient structure heat insulation coating according to claim 1, characterized in that: the high-temperature structure in direct contact with the open fire of the fuel gas is 300 series austenitic stainless steel, nickel-based high-temperature alloy, aluminum alloy, cobalt-based high-temperature alloy and 9-12Cr heat-resistant steel.
3. The micro-nano gradient structure heat insulation coating according to claim 1, characterized in that: the material of the high-temperature alloy anti-oxidation transition layer is MCrAlY alloy powder, wherein M is Ni or NiCo, and the particle size of the material of the high-temperature alloy anti-oxidation transition layer is 40-80 microns.
4. The micro-nano gradient structure heat insulation coating according to claim 1, characterized in that: the micron-sized heat-resistant ceramic layer can be made of any one of micron-sized zirconia-based ceramic powder, micron-sized rare earth oxide powder, micron-sized rare earth zirconate powder and micron-sized hexaaluminate powder, and the particle size of the micron-sized heat-resistant ceramic layer is 40-120 microns.
5. The micro-nano gradient structure heat insulation coating according to claim 1, characterized in that: the material of the nanometer heat-resistant ceramic layer can be any one of nanometer zirconia-based ceramic powder, nanometer rare earth oxide powder, nanometer rare earth zirconate powder and nanometer hexaaluminate powder, and the particle size of the nanometer heat-resistant ceramic layer material agglomerated powder is 40-100 microns.
6. The preparation method of the micro-nano gradient structure heat insulation coating according to any one of claims 1 to 5, characterized by comprising the following steps: the method comprises the following steps:
s0: pretreatment: polishing the surface of a high-temperature structure to be sprayed, which is in direct contact with open fire of fuel gas, soaking and cleaning the surface of the high-temperature structure by using 95% alcohol, and drying;
s1: sand blasting treatment: carrying out sand blasting on the surface of the high-temperature structure to be sprayed;
s2: drying treatment: drying the material powder of the high-temperature alloy anti-oxidation transition layer, the material powder of the micron-sized heat-resistant ceramic layer and the material powder of the nano-sized heat-resistant ceramic layer;
s3: spraying: firstly, spraying material powder of the high-temperature alloy anti-oxidation transition layer by using a single path, then respectively spraying material powder of the micron-scale heat-resistant ceramic layer and material powder of the nano-scale heat-resistant ceramic layer by using multi-path plasma spraying equipment, alternately spraying material powder of the micron-scale heat-resistant ceramic layer and material powder of the nano-scale heat-resistant ceramic layer, wherein the spraying path is a straight line, and finally obtaining the micro-nano gradient structure heat-insulating coating.
7. The method of claim 6, wherein: in step S1, the process parameters of the blasting process are set as follows: the air pressure is 0.1-0.6MPa, the distance is 300mm, the angle is 60-75 degrees, and the diameter of the nozzle is 5-15 mm.
8. The method of claim 6, wherein: in the step S2, the drying temperature of the powder is 200 ℃, and the drying time is 2 h.
9. The method of claim 6, wherein: in step S3, the process parameters of the spraying treatment are as follows: the voltage is 40-100V, the current is 200-1000A, the main gas is 20-100L/min, the secondary gas is 0.5-10L/min, the powder feeding gas is 0-10L/min, the powder feeding speed is 0-100g/min, the spraying distance is 50-200mm, and the spraying speed is 10-100 mm/s.
10. The method of claim 6, wherein: in the step S3, after spraying, the nanoscale heat-resistant ceramic layer is located at the outermost side, and the high-temperature structure surface outer coating is sequentially high-temperature alloy oxidation-resistant layer/micron-sized heat-resistant ceramic layer/nanoscale heat-resistant ceramic layer/…/micron-sized heat-resistant ceramic layer/nanoscale heat-resistant ceramic layer.
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| CN116770215A (en) * | 2023-06-19 | 2023-09-19 | 安徽工业大学 | Rare earth zirconate ultra-temperature thermal barrier coating with high thermal insulation DVC structure and preparation method thereof |
| CN116770215B (en) * | 2023-06-19 | 2024-04-23 | 安徽工业大学 | Rare earth zirconate ultra-temperature thermal barrier coating with high thermal insulation DVC structure and preparation method thereof |
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