CN112708792A - Method for preparing medium-magnesium 5 series aluminum alloy by using 6 series and high-magnesium 5 series scrap aluminum - Google Patents
Method for preparing medium-magnesium 5 series aluminum alloy by using 6 series and high-magnesium 5 series scrap aluminum Download PDFInfo
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Abstract
The invention relates to a method for preparing medium magnesium 5 series aluminum alloy by using 6 series and high magnesium 5 series scrap aluminum, which comprises the following preparation processes: selecting 6 series aluminum alloy waste materials and high-magnesium 5 series aluminum alloy waste materials; respectively charging 6 series aluminum alloy waste and high magnesium 5 series aluminum alloy waste according to the weight ratio of 1: 1, wherein the total amount of the 6 series aluminum alloy waste and the high magnesium 5 series aluminum alloy waste is 80 percent of the volume of a smelting furnace; heating to melt, stirring properly after the aluminum alloy waste is melted, and removing a large amount of oxidation slag floating on the surface of the melt when the furnace burden is fully melted in the molten pool and the melt temperature reaches the melting temperature; after the slag skimming is complete, obtaining a medium magnesium 5 series aluminum alloy ingot through sampling detection, component adjustment, refining, standing and casting; the invention has the advantages of high production efficiency and simple process.
Description
Technical Field
The invention belongs to the technical field of aluminum alloy processing, and particularly relates to a method for preparing medium-magnesium 5-series aluminum alloy by using 6-series and high-magnesium 5-series scrap aluminum.
Background
With the rapid development of the aluminum processing industry in China, the production capacity of aluminum processing products is increasingly huge, the application fields of the aluminum processing products are also increasingly wide, and meanwhile, the quantity of aluminum alloy waste materials is also increased; meanwhile, with the continuous increase of the market demand of aluminum alloy, the supply of bauxite resources is insufficient, and a secondary aluminum industry must be developed, so that the aluminum alloy waste is treated and then used as a secondary resource to prepare the target aluminum alloy material.
For example, the application number 201310018088.5, entitled a method for regenerating aluminum alloy with target components from scrap aluminum, discloses that the scrap aluminum is processed by magnet iron removal, water removal, oil removal and paint removal, smelting, aluminum liquid component detection, comparison with the target aluminum alloy component according to the detection result, addition or impurity element addition or removal, and adjustment to obtain the aluminum alloy with the target components after the adjustment is finished.
Disclosure of Invention
The invention aims to overcome the defects of the prior art and provide a method for preparing medium-magnesium 5 series aluminum alloy by using 6 series and high-magnesium 5 series scrap aluminum, which has high production efficiency and simple process.
The technical scheme of the invention is as follows:
a method for preparing a medium magnesium 5 series aluminum alloy by using 6 series and high magnesium 5 series scrap aluminum comprises the following preparation processes:
s1, selecting raw materials, namely selecting 6 series aluminum alloy waste materials and high-magnesium 5 series aluminum alloy waste materials;
s2, charging, namely adding 6 series aluminum alloy waste and high-magnesium 5 series aluminum alloy waste into a smelting furnace according to the weight ratio of 1: 1, wherein the total amount of the 6 series aluminum alloy waste and the high-magnesium 5 series aluminum alloy waste is 80% of the volume of the smelting furnace;
s3, smelting, namely heating the smelting furnace, stirring after the aluminum alloy waste is molten, and keeping the temperature of the aluminum alloy melt between 690 and 760 ℃;
s4, slagging-off, wherein in the smelting process, when the furnace burden is fully melted in the molten pool and the temperature of the melt reaches the smelting temperature, a large amount of oxidation slag floating on the surface of the melt is removed, and according to the actual production requirement, slagging-off is carried out at least once to ensure complete slagging-off:
s5, sampling and detecting, namely, after the aluminum alloy melt in the step S4 is fully subjected to slag skimming and uniformly stirred, taking a small amount of aluminum alloy melt and performing rapid chemical component analysis by using a spectrometer;
s6, adjusting components, namely adjusting the percentage content of Mg element in the alloy according to the detection result of the step S5 until a medium magnesium aluminum alloy melt meeting the target Mg content requirement is obtained;
and S7, refining, standing and casting the medium magnesium-aluminum alloy melt obtained in the step S6 to obtain a medium magnesium-aluminum alloy ingot.
Further, the medium magnesium aluminum alloy cast ingot is composed of the following components, by weight, not more than 0.50% of Si, not more than 0.50% of Fe, not more than 0.30% of Cu, not more than 0.35% of Mn, 2.40-3.0% of Mg, not more than 0.25% of Cr, not more than 0.25% of Zn, not more than 0.1% of Ti, Al and other unavoidable elements, not more than 0.05% of other unavoidable single elements, and not more than 0.15% in total.
Further, the 6 series aluminum alloy waste mainly comprises 6061 aluminum alloy with Mg content of 0.80-1.20%; the high-magnesium 5-series aluminum alloy scrap is mainly 5083 or 5182 aluminum alloy, and the Mg content of the high-magnesium 5-series aluminum alloy scrap is 4.0-5.0%.
Further, the specific process of adjusting the components in step S6 is as follows:
(1) when the content of Mg in the chemical components detected in the step S5 is lower than that in the target magnesium alloy, adding high-Mg 5-series aluminum alloy waste into the smelting furnace to improve the percentage of Mg element in the molten aluminum; continuing the steps S4-S5 until a medium magnesium-aluminum alloy melt meeting the requirements is obtained;
(2) when the content of Mg in the chemical components detected in the step S5 is higher than that in the target magnesium alloy, adding 6-series aluminum alloy waste into the smelting furnace; continuing the steps S4-S5 until a medium magnesium-aluminum alloy melt meeting the requirements is obtained;
(3) when the Mg content in the chemical composition detected in step S5 is equal to the Mg content in the magnesium alloy in the target, no adjustment is required, and the process proceeds to step S7.
Compared with the prior art, the invention has the beneficial effects that:
the invention directly takes the 6 series aluminum alloy waste and the high magnesium 5 series aluminum alloy waste as raw materials, and obtains the medium magnesium 5 series aluminum alloy with the mechanical property meeting the requirement after direct smelting according to the proportion of 1: 1, so that the content of each metal element of the finally obtained medium magnesium 5 series aluminum alloy is close to half of the percentage content of each metal element in the two aluminum alloy wastes, the content of each element is not required to be adjusted through complex calculation in the smelting process to generate the target aluminum alloy, but only the 6 series aluminum alloy waste or the high magnesium 5 series aluminum alloy waste is required to be added according to the detected content of Mg, the production process is fully simplified, the production efficiency is improved, the waste 6 series aluminum alloy waste and the 5 series aluminum alloy waste are recycled, the secondary utilization of the waste materials is realized, and the waste of resources is avoided.
Detailed Description
The technical solutions in the embodiments of the present invention will be clearly and completely described below with reference to the embodiments of the present invention, and it is obvious that the described embodiments are only a part of the embodiments of the present invention, and not all of the embodiments. All other embodiments, which can be derived by a person skilled in the art from the embodiments given herein without making any creative effort, shall fall within the protection scope of the present invention.
Example 1
S1, selecting raw materials, namely selecting 6 series aluminum alloy waste materials and high-magnesium 5 series aluminum alloy waste materials;
s2, charging, namely adding 6 series aluminum alloy waste and high-magnesium 5 series aluminum alloy waste into a smelting furnace according to the weight ratio of 1: 1, wherein the total amount of the 6 series aluminum alloy waste and the high-magnesium 5 series aluminum alloy waste is 80% of the volume of the smelting furnace;
s3, smelting, namely heating the smelting furnace, stirring after the aluminum alloy waste is molten, and keeping the temperature of the aluminum alloy melt between 690 and 760 ℃;
s4, slagging-off, wherein in the smelting process, when the furnace burden is fully melted in the molten pool and the temperature of the melt reaches the smelting temperature, a large amount of oxidation slag floating on the surface of the melt is removed, and according to the actual production requirement, slagging-off is carried out at least once to ensure complete slagging-off:
s5, sampling and detecting, namely, after the aluminum alloy melt in the step S4 is fully subjected to slag skimming and uniformly stirred, taking a small amount of aluminum alloy melt and performing rapid chemical component analysis by using a spectrometer;
s6, adjusting components, namely adjusting the percentage content of Mg element in the alloy according to the detection result of the step S5 until a medium magnesium aluminum alloy melt meeting the target Mg content requirement is obtained;
and S7, refining, standing and casting the medium magnesium-aluminum alloy melt obtained in the step S6 to obtain a medium magnesium-aluminum alloy ingot.
In this embodiment, the specific process of adjusting the components in step S6 is as follows:
(1) when the content of Mg in the chemical components detected in the step S5 is lower than that in the target magnesium alloy, adding high-Mg 5-series aluminum alloy waste into the smelting furnace to improve the percentage of Mg element in the molten aluminum; continuing the steps S4-S5 until a medium magnesium-aluminum alloy melt meeting the requirements is obtained;
(2) when the content of Mg in the chemical components detected in the step S5 is higher than that in the target magnesium alloy, adding 6-series aluminum alloy waste into the smelting furnace; continuing the steps S4-S5 until a medium magnesium-aluminum alloy melt meeting the requirements is obtained;
(3) when the Mg content in the chemical composition detected in step S5 is equal to the Mg content in the magnesium alloy in the target, no adjustment is required, and the process proceeds to step S7.
In the implementation, the medium magnesium aluminum alloy cast ingot is composed of the following components, by weight, not more than 0.50% of Si, not more than 0.50% of Fe, not more than 0.30% of Cu, not more than 0.35% of Mn, 2.40-3.0% of Mg, not more than 0.25% of Cr, not more than 0.25% of Zn, not more than 0.1% of Ti, AI and other unavoidable elements, not more than 0.05% of other unavoidable single elements, and not more than 0.15% of the total.
In this embodiment, the content of main metal elements in the 6-series aluminum alloy scrap is 0.40 to 0.80% of Si, 0.15 to 0.40% of Cu, and 0.80 to 1.20% of Mg, and the 6-series aluminum alloy scrap is mainly 6061 aluminum alloy; the content of main metal elements in the high-magnesium 5-series aluminum alloy waste materials is less than or equal to 0.40 percent of Si, less than or equal to 0.15 percent of Cu and 4.0-5.0 percent of Mg, and the high-magnesium 5-series aluminum alloy waste materials are mainly 5083 or 5182 aluminum alloy.
Example 2
A method for preparing a medium magnesium 5 series aluminum alloy by using 6 series and high magnesium 5 series scrap aluminum comprises the following preparation processes:
s1, selecting raw materials, namely selecting 6 series aluminum alloy waste materials and high-magnesium 5 series aluminum alloy waste materials;
s2, charging, namely adding 6 series aluminum alloy waste and high-magnesium 5 series aluminum alloy waste into a smelting furnace according to the weight ratio of 1: 1, wherein the total amount of the 6 series aluminum alloy waste and the high-magnesium 5 series aluminum alloy waste is 80% of the volume of the smelting furnace;
s3, smelting, namely heating the smelting furnace, stirring after the aluminum alloy waste is molten, and keeping the temperature of the aluminum alloy melt between 690 and 760 ℃;
s4, slagging-off, wherein in the smelting process, when the furnace burden is fully melted in the molten pool and the temperature of the melt reaches the smelting temperature, a large amount of oxidation slag floating on the surface of the melt is removed, and according to the actual production requirement, slagging-off is carried out at least once to ensure complete slagging-off:
s5, sampling and detecting, namely, after the aluminum alloy melt in the step S4 is fully subjected to slag skimming and uniformly stirred, taking a small amount of aluminum alloy melt and performing rapid chemical component analysis by using a spectrometer;
s6, adjusting components, namely adjusting the percentage content of Mg element in the alloy according to the detection result of the step S5 until a medium magnesium aluminum alloy melt meeting the target Mg content requirement is obtained;
and S7, refining, standing and casting the medium magnesium-aluminum alloy melt obtained in the step S6 to obtain a medium magnesium-aluminum alloy ingot.
In this embodiment, the specific process of adjusting the components in step S6 is as follows:
(1) when the content of Mg in the chemical components detected in the step S5 is lower than that in the target magnesium alloy, adding high-Mg 5-series aluminum alloy waste into the smelting furnace to improve the percentage of Mg element in the molten aluminum; continuing the steps S4-S5 until a medium magnesium-aluminum alloy melt meeting the requirements is obtained;
(2) when the content of Mg in the chemical components detected in the step S5 is higher than that in the target magnesium alloy, adding 6-series aluminum alloy waste into the smelting furnace; continuing the steps S4-S5 until a medium magnesium-aluminum alloy melt meeting the requirements is obtained;
(3) when the Mg content in the chemical composition detected in step S5 is equal to the Mg content in the magnesium alloy in the target, no adjustment is required, and the process proceeds to step S7.
In the present embodiment, the medium-magnesium aluminum alloy ingot is composed of, by weight, 0.379% of Si, 0.459% of Fe, 0.153% of Cu, 0.229% of Mn, 2.788% of Mg, 0.099% of Cr, 0.111% of Zn, 0.028% of Ti, AL, and other unavoidable elements, the other unavoidable elements being 0.05% or less, and 0.15% or less in total.
In this embodiment, the content of main metal elements in the 6-series aluminum alloy scrap is 0.40 to 0.80% of Si, 0.15 to 0.40% of Cu, and 0.80 to 1.20% of Mg, and the 6-series aluminum alloy scrap is mainly 6061 aluminum alloy; the content of main metal elements in the high-magnesium 5-series aluminum alloy waste materials is less than or equal to 0.40 percent of Si, less than or equal to 0.15 percent of Cu and 4.0-5.0 percent of Mg, and the high-magnesium 5-series aluminum alloy waste materials are mainly 5083 or 5182 aluminum alloy.
Example 3
A method for preparing a medium magnesium 5 series aluminum alloy by using 6 series and high magnesium 5 series scrap aluminum comprises the following preparation processes:
s1, selecting raw materials, namely selecting 6 series aluminum alloy waste materials and high-magnesium 5 series aluminum alloy waste materials;
s2, charging, namely adding 6 series aluminum alloy waste and high-magnesium 5 series aluminum alloy waste into a smelting furnace according to the weight ratio of 1: 1, wherein the total amount of the 6 series aluminum alloy waste and the high-magnesium 5 series aluminum alloy waste is 80% of the volume of the smelting furnace;
s3, smelting, namely heating the smelting furnace, stirring after the aluminum alloy waste is molten, and keeping the temperature of the aluminum alloy melt between 690 and 760 ℃;
s4, slagging-off, wherein in the smelting process, when the furnace burden is fully melted in the molten pool and the temperature of the melt reaches the smelting temperature, a large amount of oxidation slag floating on the surface of the melt is removed, and according to the actual production requirement, slagging-off is carried out at least once to ensure complete slagging-off:
s5, sampling and detecting, namely, after the aluminum alloy melt in the step S4 is fully subjected to slag skimming and uniformly stirred, taking a small amount of aluminum alloy melt and performing rapid chemical component analysis by using a spectrometer;
s6, adjusting components, namely adjusting the percentage content of Mg element in the alloy according to the detection result of the step S5 until a medium magnesium aluminum alloy melt meeting the target Mg content requirement is obtained;
and S7, refining, standing and casting the medium magnesium-aluminum alloy melt obtained in the step S6 to obtain a medium magnesium-aluminum alloy ingot.
In this embodiment, the specific process of adjusting the components in step S6 is as follows:
(1) when the content of Mg in the chemical components detected in the step S5 is lower than that in the target magnesium alloy, adding high-Mg 5-series aluminum alloy waste into the smelting furnace to improve the percentage of Mg element in the molten aluminum; continuing the steps S4-S5 until a medium magnesium-aluminum alloy melt meeting the requirements is obtained;
(2) when the content of Mg in the chemical components detected in the step S5 is higher than that in the target magnesium alloy, adding 6-series aluminum alloy waste into the smelting furnace; continuing the steps S4-S5 until a medium magnesium-aluminum alloy melt meeting the requirements is obtained;
(3) when the Mg content in the chemical composition detected in step S5 is equal to the Mg content in the magnesium alloy in the target, no adjustment is required, and the process proceeds to step S7.
In the present embodiment, the medium-magnesium aluminum alloy ingot is composed of, by weight, 0.40% of Si, 0.49% of Fe, 0.155% of Cu, 0.184% of Mn, 2.674% of Mg, 0.097% of Cr, 0.105% of Zn, 0.029% of Ti, AL, and other unavoidable elements, the other unavoidable elements being 0.05% or less, and 0.15% or less in total.
In this embodiment, the content of main metal elements in the 6-series aluminum alloy scrap is 0.40 to 0.80% of Si, 0.15 to 0.40% of Cu, and 0.80 to 1.20% of Mg, and the 6-series aluminum alloy scrap is mainly 6061 aluminum alloy; the content of main metal elements in the high-magnesium 5-series aluminum alloy waste materials is less than or equal to 0.40 percent of Si, less than or equal to 0.15 percent of Cu and 4.0-5.0 percent of Mg, and the high-magnesium 5-series aluminum alloy waste materials are mainly 5083 or 5182 aluminum alloy.
Example 4
A method for preparing a medium magnesium 5 series aluminum alloy by using 6 series and high magnesium 5 series scrap aluminum comprises the following preparation processes:
s1, selecting raw materials, namely selecting 6 series aluminum alloy waste materials and high-magnesium 5 series aluminum alloy waste materials;
s2, charging, namely adding 6 series aluminum alloy waste and high-magnesium 5 series aluminum alloy waste into a smelting furnace according to the weight ratio of 1: 1, wherein the total amount of the 6 series aluminum alloy waste and the high-magnesium 5 series aluminum alloy waste is 80% of the volume of the smelting furnace;
s3, smelting, namely heating the smelting furnace, stirring after the aluminum alloy waste is molten, and keeping the temperature of the aluminum alloy melt between 690 and 760 ℃;
s4, slagging-off, wherein in the smelting process, when the furnace burden is fully melted in the molten pool and the temperature of the melt reaches the smelting temperature, a large amount of oxidation slag floating on the surface of the melt is removed, and according to the actual production requirement, slagging-off is carried out at least once to ensure complete slagging-off:
s5, sampling and detecting, namely, after the aluminum alloy melt in the step S4 is fully subjected to slag skimming and uniformly stirred, taking a small amount of aluminum alloy melt and performing rapid chemical component analysis by using a spectrometer;
s6, adjusting components, namely adjusting the percentage content of Mg element in the alloy according to the detection result of the step S5 until a medium magnesium aluminum alloy melt meeting the target Mg content requirement is obtained;
and S7, refining, standing and casting the medium magnesium-aluminum alloy melt obtained in the step S6 to obtain a medium magnesium-aluminum alloy ingot.
In the implementation, the chemical components in the 6 series aluminum alloy waste are mainly 6061 aluminum alloy, and the Mg content is 0.80-1.20%; the high-magnesium 5-series aluminum alloy scrap is mainly 5083 or 5182 aluminum alloy, and the Mg content of the high-magnesium 5-series aluminum alloy scrap is 4.0-5.0%.
Further, the specific process of adjusting the components in step S6 is as follows:
(1) when the content of Mg in the chemical components detected in the step S5 is lower than that in the target magnesium alloy, adding high-Mg 5-series aluminum alloy waste into the smelting furnace to improve the percentage of Mg element in the molten aluminum; continuing the steps S4-S5 until a medium magnesium-aluminum alloy melt meeting the requirements is obtained;
(2) when the content of Mg in the chemical components detected in the step S5 is higher than that in the target magnesium alloy, adding 6-series aluminum alloy waste into the smelting furnace; continuing the steps S4-S5 until a medium magnesium-aluminum alloy melt meeting the requirements is obtained;
(3) when the Mg content in the chemical composition detected in step S5 is equal to the Mg content in the magnesium alloy in the target, no adjustment is required, and the process proceeds to step S7.
In the embodiment, the medium-magnesium aluminum alloy cast ingot comprises, by weight, 0.482% of Si, 0.453% of Fe, 0.186% of Cu, 0.189% of Mn, 0.665% of Mg2, 0.1% of Cr, 0.155% of Zn, 0.026% of Ti, Al and other unavoidable elements, wherein the other unavoidable elements are less than or equal to 0.05%, and the total amount of the other unavoidable elements is less than or equal to 0.15%.
In this embodiment, the content of main metal elements in the 6-series aluminum alloy scrap is 0.40 to 0.80% of Si, 0.15 to 0.40% of Cu, and 0.80 to 1.20% of Mg, and the 6-series aluminum alloy scrap is mainly 6061 aluminum alloy; the content of main metal elements in the high-magnesium 5-series aluminum alloy waste materials is less than or equal to 0.40 percent of Si, less than or equal to 0.15 percent of Cu and 4.0-5.0 percent of Mg, and the high-magnesium 5-series aluminum alloy waste materials are mainly 5083 or 5182 aluminum alloy.
Example 5
A method for preparing a medium magnesium 5 series aluminum alloy by using 6 series and high magnesium 5 series scrap aluminum comprises the following preparation processes:
s1, selecting raw materials, namely selecting 6 series aluminum alloy waste materials and high-magnesium 5 series aluminum alloy waste materials;
s2, charging, namely adding 6 series aluminum alloy waste and high-magnesium 5 series aluminum alloy waste into a smelting furnace according to the weight ratio of 1: 1, wherein the total amount of the 6 series aluminum alloy waste and the high-magnesium 5 series aluminum alloy waste is 80% of the volume of the smelting furnace;
s3, smelting, namely heating the smelting furnace, stirring after the aluminum alloy waste is molten, and keeping the temperature of the aluminum alloy melt between 690 and 760 ℃;
s4, slagging-off, wherein in the smelting process, when the furnace burden is fully melted in the molten pool and the temperature of the melt reaches the smelting temperature, a large amount of oxidation slag floating on the surface of the melt is removed, and according to the actual production requirement, slagging-off is carried out at least once to ensure complete slagging-off:
s5, sampling and detecting, namely, after the aluminum alloy melt in the step S4 is fully subjected to slag skimming and uniformly stirred, taking a small amount of aluminum alloy melt and performing rapid chemical component analysis by using a spectrometer;
s6, adjusting components, namely adjusting the percentage content of Mg element in the alloy according to the detection result of the step S5 until a medium magnesium aluminum alloy melt meeting the target Mg content requirement is obtained;
and S7, refining, standing and casting the medium magnesium-aluminum alloy melt obtained in the step S6 to obtain a medium magnesium-aluminum alloy ingot.
Further, the specific process of adjusting the components in step S6 is as follows:
(1) when the content of Mg in the chemical components detected in the step S5 is lower than that in the target magnesium alloy, adding high-Mg 5-series aluminum alloy waste into the smelting furnace to improve the percentage of Mg element in the molten aluminum; continuing the steps S4-S5 until a medium magnesium-aluminum alloy melt meeting the requirements is obtained;
(2) when the content of Mg in the chemical components detected in the step S5 is higher than that in the target magnesium alloy, adding 6-series aluminum alloy waste into the smelting furnace; continuing the steps S4-S5 until a medium magnesium-aluminum alloy melt meeting the requirements is obtained;
(3) when the Mg content in the chemical composition detected in step S5 is equal to the Mg content in the magnesium alloy in the target, no adjustment is required, and the process proceeds to step S7.
In the present embodiment, the medium-magnesium aluminum alloy ingot is composed of, by weight, 0.405% Si, 0.492% Fe, 0.168% Cu, 0.165% Mn, 2.748% Mg, 0.103% Cr, 0.131% Zn, 0.025% Ti, AL, and other unavoidable elements, the other unavoidable individual elements being 0.05% or less and 0.15% or less.
In this embodiment, the content of main metal elements in the 6-series aluminum alloy scrap is 0.40 to 0.80% of Si, 0.15 to 0.40% of Cu, and 0.80 to 1.20% of Mg, and the 6-series aluminum alloy scrap is mainly 6061 aluminum alloy; the content of main metal elements in the high-magnesium 5-series aluminum alloy waste materials is less than or equal to 0.40 percent of Si, less than or equal to 0.15 percent of Cu and 4.0-5.0 percent of Mg, and the high-magnesium 5-series aluminum alloy waste materials are mainly 5083 or 5182 aluminum alloy.
After the medium-magnesium 5-series aluminum alloy ingots prepared in examples 1 to 5 were processed into a 0-state medium-magnesium 5-series aluminum alloy sheet by conventional processes such as hot rolling, cold rolling, and heat treatment, the medium-magnesium 5-series aluminum alloy sheet was subjected to mechanical property detection, and the detection results are as follows:
in conclusion, according to the method provided by the invention, the 6-series aluminum alloy waste and the 5-series aluminum alloy waste are used as raw materials, and the prepared aluminum alloy plate made of the medium-magnesium 5-series aluminum alloy cast ingot has good mechanical properties.
When the method is implemented, the 6-series aluminum alloy waste can adopt an aluminum alloy door, a window, a ceiling, a suspended ceiling and the like in the building industry, the high-magnesium 5-series aluminum alloy waste can adopt an easy open can and a simple material, the 6-series aluminum alloy waste and the high-magnesium 5-series aluminum alloy waste do not need to be specially treated in the production process, the materials are directly added into a smelting furnace according to the weight ratio of 1: 1 for smelting, the materials are stirred at a constant speed in the smelting process, so that the solutions of the two aluminum alloy wastes are fully mixed, and the non-metallic impurities carried by the original aluminum alloy waste are removed through the slag removing operation, so that the purity of the prepared medium-magnesium 5-series aluminum alloy material is ensured.
Although the present invention has been described in detail with reference to the foregoing embodiments, it will be apparent to those skilled in the art that various changes in the embodiments and/or modifications of the invention can be made, and equivalents and modifications of some features of the invention can be made without departing from the spirit and scope of the invention.
Claims (4)
1. A method for preparing a medium magnesium 5 series aluminum alloy by using 6 series and high magnesium 5 series scrap aluminum is characterized by comprising the following preparation processes:
s1, selecting raw materials, namely selecting 6 series aluminum alloy waste materials and high-magnesium 5 series aluminum alloy waste materials;
s2, charging, namely adding 6 series aluminum alloy waste and high-magnesium 5 series aluminum alloy waste into a smelting furnace according to the weight ratio of 1: 1, wherein the total amount of the 6 series aluminum alloy waste and the high-magnesium 5 series aluminum alloy waste is 80% of the volume of the smelting furnace;
s3, smelting, namely heating the smelting furnace, stirring after the aluminum alloy waste is molten, and keeping the temperature of the aluminum alloy melt between 690 and 760 ℃;
s4, slagging-off, wherein in the smelting process, when the furnace burden is fully melted in the molten pool and the temperature of the melt reaches the smelting temperature, a large amount of oxidation slag floating on the surface of the melt is removed, and according to the actual production requirement, slagging-off is carried out at least once to ensure complete slagging-off:
s5, sampling and detecting, namely, after the aluminum alloy melt in the step S4 is fully subjected to slag skimming and uniformly stirred, taking a small amount of aluminum alloy melt and performing rapid chemical component analysis by using a spectrometer;
s6, adjusting components, namely adjusting the percentage content of Mg element in the alloy according to the detection result of the step S5 until a medium magnesium aluminum alloy melt meeting the target Mg content requirement is obtained;
and S7, refining, standing and casting the medium magnesium-aluminum alloy melt obtained in the step S6 to obtain a medium magnesium-aluminum alloy ingot.
2. The method for producing an aluminum alloy of medium magnesium 5 series from scrap aluminum of 6 series and high magnesium 5 series according to claim 1, wherein: the medium magnesium aluminum alloy cast ingot comprises the following components, by weight, less than or equal to 0.50% of Si, less than or equal to 0.50% of Fe, less than or equal to 0.30% of Cu, less than or equal to 0.35% of Mn, 2.40-3.0% of Mg, less than or equal to 0.25% of Cr, less than or equal to 0.25% of Zn, less than or equal to 0.1% of Ti, Al and other unavoidable elements, less than or equal to 0.05% of other unavoidable single elements, and less than or equal to 0.
3. The method for producing an aluminum alloy of medium magnesium 5 series from scrap aluminum of 6 series and high magnesium 5 series according to claim 1, wherein: the 6-series aluminum alloy waste mainly comprises 6061 aluminum alloy with the Mg content of 0.80-1.20%; the high-magnesium 5-series aluminum alloy scrap is mainly 5083 or 5182 aluminum alloy, and the Mg content of the high-magnesium 5-series aluminum alloy scrap is 4.0-5.0%.
4. The method of claim 1, wherein the adjusting of the composition in step S6 is performed by the following steps:
(1) when the content of Mg in the chemical components detected in the step S5 is lower than that in the target magnesium alloy, adding high-Mg 5-series aluminum alloy waste into the smelting furnace to improve the percentage of Mg element in the molten aluminum; continuing the steps S4-S5 until a medium magnesium-aluminum alloy melt meeting the requirements is obtained;
(2) when the content of Mg in the chemical components detected in the step S5 is higher than that in the target magnesium alloy, adding 6-series aluminum alloy waste into the smelting furnace; continuing the steps S4-S5 until a medium magnesium-aluminum alloy melt meeting the requirements is obtained;
(3) when the Mg content in the chemical composition detected in step S5 is equal to the Mg content in the magnesium alloy in the target, no adjustment is required, and the process proceeds to step S7.
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