CN112706954A - Method and device for testing low-temperature load performance of butt lock hook and butt lock hook - Google Patents
Method and device for testing low-temperature load performance of butt lock hook and butt lock hook Download PDFInfo
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- CN112706954A CN112706954A CN202011406928.1A CN202011406928A CN112706954A CN 112706954 A CN112706954 A CN 112706954A CN 202011406928 A CN202011406928 A CN 202011406928A CN 112706954 A CN112706954 A CN 112706954A
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Abstract
The invention provides a method for testing the low-temperature load performance of a butt-joint lock hook, which comprises the following steps: step 1: manufacturing a test mark on the surface of the butt lock hook as a reference for image processing; step 2: assembling and fixing the low-temperature load testing device and the butt latch hook; and step 3: connecting the assembled low-temperature load testing device with the butt-joint lock hook, the low-temperature device shell and the mechanical testing machine; and 4, step 4: displaying an image of a test mark on the butt lock hook in real time in a test process of the low-temperature load performance test of the butt lock hook through a CCD camera and a light source which are connected with a computer; and 5: carrying out heat insulation treatment on the outer surface of the shell of the low-temperature device and preparing before a test by filling liquid nitrogen through a nitrogen inlet and outlet hole of the low-temperature device; step 6: and (3) carrying out load performance test on the butt-joint lock hook by using a mechanical testing machine through a low-temperature load testing device. The invention can quickly and accurately test the load performance of the butt latch hook for the space station in a low-temperature environment.
Description
Technical Field
The invention relates to the field of load performance testing, in particular to a method and a device for testing the low-temperature load performance of a butt-joint lock hook.
Background
With the development of technical challenges of the docking mechanism of the space station, how to realize high efficiency and high reliability of test data and test results in the product test process becomes the key and difficult point in the current stage on the premise that the docking mechanism has a complex structure, large processing and assembling difficulty of each part and strict precision requirement. The test of the load performance of the butt latch hook is very necessary, especially the test of the load performance in a low-temperature environment. However, the butt latch hook lacks a definite, effective and reliable test method in low-temperature test, so that the test of the load performance of the butt latch hook in a low-temperature environment has great difficulty. Due to the structural particularity of the butt latch hook for the space station, reference and reference for related types of tests cannot be conducted at home and abroad.
At present, the load performance test of the butt latch hook for the space station in a laboratory under a low-temperature environment mainly has the following difficulties: (1) the test of the load performance of the butt-joint lock hook mainly comprises the measurement of a tension curve inflection point and the adjustment of the pretightening force of the disc spring, and due to the structural particularity of the butt-joint lock hook, the design of the tool not only ensures that the butt-joint lock hook is effectively assembled and connected with mechanical equipment, but also can realize the adjustment of the pretightening force of the disc spring of the lock hook at any time in the test process of the butt-joint lock hook, and the design difficulty is extremely high; (2) with the increasing number of model tasks, the operation of the traditional low-temperature test method and the test device is complex, the time cost is high for the butt joint lock hook which needs to carry out the load performance test of a plurality of products in a low-temperature environment, and the production and use requirements are difficult to meet. On the basis of the existing mechanical testing machine in a laboratory, a novel low-temperature testing system needs to be researched and developed again, the system can not only meet the requirement of carrying out test testing quickly and effectively, but also guarantee the personal safety of testing personnel to the maximum extent in the testing process; (3) in the low-temperature test process, in order to represent the real strain of the butt latch hook, a special strain test device needs to be matched, and the measurement precision of the traditional displacement extensometer and the strain gauge is limited by a plurality of factors: such as stability of bridge voltage, stability of signal operational amplifier circuit and controller circuit connection.
Based on the above difficulties, it is very important how to ensure the stability of the sensor circuit and the effectiveness of the connection of the controller circuit when performing the strain test in the low temperature environment. Therefore, aiming at the requirement of testing the low-temperature load performance of the butt-joint lock hook for the space station, a novel low-temperature load performance testing tool needs to be developed, so that the accurate and effective detection of the load performance of the butt-joint lock hook in the low-temperature environment is realized, and meanwhile, the progress requirement of a model production task can be met, thereby laying a test foundation for the research and development of the low-temperature load performance of the butt-joint lock hook.
Disclosure of Invention
Aiming at the defects in the prior art, the invention aims to provide a method and a device for testing the low-temperature load performance of a butt latch hook and the butt latch hook.
The invention provides a method for testing the low-temperature load performance of a butt-joint lock hook, which comprises the following steps:
step 1: manufacturing a test mark on the surface of the butt lock hook as a reference for image processing;
step 2: assembling and fixing the low-temperature load testing device and the butt latch hook;
and step 3: connecting the assembled low-temperature load testing device with the butt-joint lock hook, the low-temperature device shell and the mechanical testing machine;
and 4, step 4: displaying an image of a test mark on the butt lock hook in real time in a test process of the low-temperature load performance test of the butt lock hook through a CCD camera and a light source which are connected with a computer;
and 5: carrying out heat insulation treatment on the outer surface of the shell of the low-temperature device and preparing before a test by filling liquid nitrogen through a nitrogen inlet and outlet hole of the low-temperature device;
step 6: and (3) carrying out load performance test on the butt-joint lock hook by using a mechanical testing machine through a low-temperature load testing device.
Preferably, step 1 comprises:
step 1.1: covering a primer mask plate at the primer paint spraying position of the butt-joint lock hook, spraying white paint at the primer paint spraying position to form a background of the test mark, and taking down the primer mask plate;
step 1.2: treat white lacquer solidification back, cover sign mask plate in white lacquer department, the spraying black lacquer on 2 axial strain signs of sign mask plate takes off sign mask plate, treats black lacquer solidification back, constitutes 2 axial strain signs.
Preferably, step 2 comprises:
step 2.1: inserting an inner hexagonal cylindrical head screw with a proper specification from the position of a connecting hole of a tool base and a disc spring adjusting block on one side of the bottom surface of the tool base, sequentially passing through a disc spring adjusting block fixing threaded hole on one side of the bottom surface of the disc spring adjusting block and a lock hook fixing support fixing threaded hole on one side of the bottom surface of the lock hook fixing support, and then sequentially passing the threaded part of a disc spring adjusting device through a disc spring adjusting device mounting threaded hole on one side of the top surface of the lock hook fixing support, a disc spring adjusting device threaded hole on one side of the top surface of the disc spring adjusting block and a disc spring adjusting device reserved threaded hole on one side of the top surface of the tool base to finish the primary installation and fixation of the tool;
step 2.2: the fixture connecting plate is fixedly connected with a testing machine bottom plate through a connecting plate and a testing machine connecting hole through threads, a locking hook stretching head mounting threaded rod of a locking hook stretching head is fixed with an upper clamping part of the testing machine, and an inner hexagonal socket head cap screw with a proper specification is used for mounting and fixing the fixture connecting plate and the testing machine bottom plate through a fixture base and a connecting plate connecting hole of the fixture base and a connecting threaded hole of the fixture connecting plate and the fixture base in sequence;
step 2.3: and (3) respectively installing and fixing the butt-joint lock hook with the finished spraying mark with a butt-joint lock hook fixing threaded hole of the lock hook fixing support and a butt-joint lock hook fixing pin hole through a screw and a pin of the butt-joint lock hook, and then carrying out contact matching on the butt-joint lock hook and the lock hook stretching head.
Preferably, step 3 comprises:
step 3.1: the connection and fixation of the low-temperature device shell, a test tool and a testing machine are realized through the matching of a low-temperature device lock hook stretching head matching hole of the low-temperature device shell and a lock hook stretching head transition rod of the lock hook stretching head and the matching of a low-temperature device tool base matching hole of the low-temperature device shell and the side surface of the tool base;
step 3.2: and assembling and connecting a pipeline for conveying liquid nitrogen with a nitrogen inlet and outlet hole of the low-temperature device shell.
Preferably, after step 3.2 is completed, liquid nitrogen can be sucked into the cryogenic device housing by a pump during the cryogenic test, and nitrogen can be pumped back into the liquid nitrogen cylinder by a pump after the test is completed.
Preferably, step 4 comprises:
step 4.1: opening the visual image processing software In-Sight, adjusting the focal lengths of the light source and the CCD camera lens, setting the exposure rate and an image acquisition area, and enabling the standard test identification area on the tested butt latch hook to be clearly displayed In the visual image processing software In-Sight image;
step 4.2: according to the quality and the definition of an actual test image, a proper gray level sudden change threshold value is set, and the two adjacent nearest edges between the 2 axial strain marks are considered as the two nearest edges when the gray level change exceeds the set threshold value, so that false signals caused by the gray level sudden change of the axial linear path are avoided.
The setting of the gray level sudden change threshold value is related to the real-time environment condition during the test, and is similar to the setting of the focal length and the like during the camera photographing, and no standard value is clearly required, so that the term "proper" in the text means that the CCD camera can be clearly identified by setting the gray level sudden change threshold value according to the actual condition of the test environment.
Preferably, step 5 comprises:
step 5.1: the outer surface of the low-temperature device shell 1 is coated with special heat insulation foam for spaceflight, so that the low-temperature load testing device has better heat insulation capability, and a thermocouple is arranged on the inner surface of the low-temperature device shell 1;
step 5.2: injecting liquid nitrogen into the low-temperature device shell from a liquid nitrogen gas bottle through a pump through a nitrogen gas inlet and outlet hole of the low-temperature device;
step 5.3: and measuring the real-time temperature inside the shell of the low-temperature device, and when the real-time temperature reaches the temperature value required by the test, keeping the temperature for 10-15 minutes until the temperature is stable, and then testing.
At the present stage of the test, the environmental temperature of the low-temperature test is-60 ℃ according to the model requirement, but the tool is suitable for the temperature from 0 ℃ to-150 ℃.
Preferably, step 6 comprises:
step 6.1: selecting corresponding test parameters from mechanical test machine control software, starting a test, slowly applying a tensile force to ensure that the butt-joint lock hook is in contact with a lock hook stretching head and has a certain pre-tensioning force, selecting a proper loading speed to apply the tensile force to the tool system, and stopping the test and recording the tensile force and the strain value at the position of an inflection point when the applied tensile force reaches a preset tensile force value;
the mentioned corresponding test parameters refer to the loading speed of the mechanical testing machine and some parameters of protection limits, which are different according to specific tests, and the setting of the parameters is mainly used for protecting products.
Step 6.2: and if the tension and strain values do not meet the design requirements, slowly unloading the device for testing the low-temperature load performance of the butt-joint lock hook to zero, pumping out liquid nitrogen through a nitrogen inlet and outlet air hole of the low-temperature device, readjusting the pretension of the disc spring through a disc spring adjusting block, and repeating the step 5 and the step 6 after the adjustment is finished until the mechanical parameters at the position of the tension inflection point meet the design requirements.
The invention provides a device for testing the low-temperature load performance of a butt-joint lock hook, which comprises a low-temperature device shell, a tool connecting plate, a tool base, a disc spring adjusting block, a lock hook fixing support and a lock hook stretching head,
the low-temperature device shell is arranged on the outer side part of the assembled low-temperature load testing device and the integral butt-joint lock hook; the lower side of the tool connecting plate is connected with a reserved threaded hole at the position of the mechanical testing machine base, and the upper side of the tool connecting plate is connected with the tool base; the upper side of the tool base is connected with the disc spring adjusting block; the lower side of the disc spring adjusting block is connected with the tool base, and the upper side of the disc spring adjusting block is connected with the locking hook fixing support; the upper side of the latch hook fixing bracket is connected with the butt latch hook; the upper side of the locking hook stretching head is connected with a fixed threaded hole at the upper chuck of the mechanical testing machine, and the lower side of the locking hook stretching head is connected with a hook butted with the locking hook through the hook of the locking hook stretching head.
According to the butt-joint lock hook, the low-temperature load performance test can be performed by using the device for testing the low-temperature load performance of the butt-joint lock hook.
Compared with the prior art, the invention has the following beneficial effects:
1. the method for testing the low-temperature load performance of the butt-joint lock hook realizes the on-line test detection of the load performance of the butt-joint lock hook for the space station in a low-temperature environment, but the prior art cannot realize the low-temperature on-line detection of the butt-joint lock hook.
2. The test process of the whole butt-joint lock hook low-temperature online detection is quick, effective and controllable, and the personal safety of testers is guaranteed to the maximum extent in the test process.
3. The invention adopts a non-contact mode to carry out strain detection on the butt latch hook, avoids the influence of factors such as bridge voltage stability, a signal operational amplifier circuit, controller circuit connection stability and the like on the measurement precision of the traditional displacement extensometer and the strain gauge in a low-temperature environment, and has reasonable and reliable method after the non-contact detection method is verified and real and credible detection data.
4. Compared with the prior art, the mechanical testing machine is improved on the basis of the existing mechanical testing machine in a laboratory, so that the economic cost is saved to the greatest extent.
Drawings
Other features, objects and advantages of the invention will become more apparent upon reading of the detailed description of non-limiting embodiments with reference to the following drawings:
FIG. 1 is a schematic diagram of the housing of the cryogenic device of the present invention;
FIG. 2 is a schematic view of a construction of a tooling connection plate according to the present invention;
FIG. 3 is a schematic view of a tooling base according to the present invention;
FIG. 4 is a schematic view of the structure of the disc spring adjusting block of the present invention;
FIG. 5 is a schematic view of the latch hook fixing bracket according to the present invention;
FIG. 6 is a schematic view of the latch hook extension head structure of the present invention;
FIG. 7 is a schematic view of a structure of a primer mask in the present invention;
FIG. 8 is a schematic diagram of a reticle structure in accordance with the present invention;
fig. 9 is a schematic structural diagram of a primer paint spraying part of the butt-jointed latch hook in the invention.
In the figure:
Detailed Description
The present invention will be described in detail with reference to specific examples. The following examples will assist those skilled in the art in further understanding the invention, but are not intended to limit the invention in any way. It should be noted that it would be obvious to those skilled in the art that various changes and modifications can be made without departing from the spirit of the invention. All falling within the scope of the present invention.
As shown in FIGS. 1-9, the device for testing the low-temperature load performance of the butt latch hook provided by the invention comprises a low-temperature device shell 1, a tool connecting plate 2, a tool base 3, a disc spring adjusting block 4, a latch hook fixing bracket 5 and a latch hook stretching head 6, wherein the low-temperature device latch hook stretching head matching hole 11, a low-temperature device nitrogen inlet and outlet air hole 12, a low-temperature device tool base matching hole 13, a low-temperature device glass observation surface 14, a connecting plate and testing machine connecting hole 21, a connecting plate and tool base connecting threaded hole 22, a tool base and connecting plate connecting hole 31, a tool base and disc spring adjusting block connecting hole 32, a disc spring adjusting device reserved threaded hole 33, a disc spring adjusting device threaded hole 41, a disc spring adjusting block fixing threaded hole 42, a butt latch hook fixing threaded hole 51, a butt latch hook fixing pin hole 52, a latch, A disc spring adjustment device mounting threaded hole 54, a latch hook tension head transition rod 61, and a latch hook tension head mounting threaded rod 62.
The low-temperature device shell 1 is arranged on the outer side part of the assembled low-temperature load testing device and the integral butt-joint lock hook, namely after the low-temperature load testing device and the butt-joint lock hook are assembled and connected with a mechanical testing machine, the two parts of the low-temperature device shell are buckled on the outer side of the integral structure of the low-temperature load testing device. The low-temperature device lock hook stretching head matching hole 11 is matched with the lock hook stretching head transition rod 61 in position, the low-temperature device tool base matching hole 13 is matched with the outline position of the outer edge of the tool base 3, and the low-temperature device nitrogen inlet and outlet hole 12 is connected to a liquid nitrogen conveying pipe;
the lower side of the tooling connecting plate 2 is connected with a reserved threaded hole at the position of the mechanical testing machine base through a connecting plate and testing machine connecting hole 21 in a threaded connection mode, and the upper side of the tooling connecting plate is connected with a tooling base and connecting plate connecting hole 31 of the tooling base 3 through a connecting plate and tooling base connecting threaded hole 22;
the lower side of the tool base 3 is connected with the connecting plate and tool base connecting threaded hole 22 of the tool connecting plate 2 through the tool base and connecting plate connecting hole 31 in a threaded connection mode, and the upper side of the tool base is connected with the disc spring adjusting block fixing threaded hole 42 of the disc spring adjusting block 4 through the tool base and disc spring adjusting block connecting hole 32;
the lower side of the disc spring adjusting block 4 is connected with a tool base of the tool base 3 and a disc spring adjusting block connecting hole 32 through a disc spring adjusting block fixing threaded hole 42 in a threaded connection mode, and the upper side of the disc spring adjusting block 4 is connected with a latch hook fixing support fixing threaded hole 53 of the latch hook fixing support 5 through the disc spring adjusting block fixing threaded hole 42;
the lower side of the lock hook fixing support 5 is connected with a fixing threaded hole 42 of the disc spring adjusting block 4 through a lock hook fixing support fixing threaded hole 53 in a threaded connection mode, and the upper side of the lock hook fixing support 5 is connected with a threaded hole and a pin hole in the butt lock hook through a butt lock hook fixing threaded hole 51 and a butt lock hook fixing pin hole 52 in a pin shaft connection and threaded connection mode;
the upper side of the locking hook stretching head 6 is connected with a fixed threaded hole at the upper chuck of the mechanical testing machine through a locking hook stretching head mounting threaded rod 62 in a threaded connection mode, the lower side of the locking hook stretching head 6 is lapped with hooks butted with locking hooks through hooks of the locking hook stretching head 6, and the hooks at the two sides can be in contact without stress.
The invention also provides a method for testing the low-temperature load performance of the butt-joint lock hook, which comprises the following steps:
step 1: and manufacturing a test mark on the surface of the butt lock hook as a reference for image processing.
Step 1.1: covering a primer mask plate 7 at a primer paint spraying position 9 of the butt lock hook, spraying white paint at a primer paint spraying position 71 to form a background of the test mark, and taking down the primer mask plate 7;
step 1.2: treat white lacquer solidification back, cover sign mask plate 8 in white lacquer department, the spraying black lacquer on 2 axial strain signs 81 of sign mask plate 8 takes off sign mask plate 8, treats that black lacquer solidifies the back, constitutes 2 axial strain signs 81.
Step 2: and assembling and fixing the low-temperature load testing device and the butt-joint lock hook.
Inserting inner hexagonal cylindrical head screws with proper specifications from the positions of a tooling base on one side of the bottom surface of the tooling base 3 and a disc spring adjusting block connecting hole 32, sequentially passing through a disc spring adjusting block fixing threaded hole 42 on one side of the bottom surface of a disc spring adjusting block 4 and a latch hook fixing support fixing threaded hole 53 on one side of the bottom surface of a latch hook fixing support 5, and then sequentially passing the threaded parts of a disc spring adjusting device through a disc spring adjusting device mounting threaded hole 54 on one side of the top surface of the latch hook fixing support 5, a disc spring adjusting device threaded hole 41 on one side of the top surface of the disc spring adjusting block 4 and a disc spring adjusting device reserved threaded hole 33 on one side of the top surface of the tooling base 3 to finish the primary mounting and fixing of the tooling base 3, the disc spring;
step 2.2: the tool connecting plate 2 is fixed with the testing machine bottom plate through the connecting plate and the testing machine connecting hole 21 in a threaded connection mode, the locking hook stretching head mounting threaded rod 62 of the locking hook stretching head 6 is fixed with the upper clamping part of the testing machine, and the tool base and connecting plate connecting hole 31 of the tool base 3 and the connecting plate and tool base connecting threaded hole 22 of the tool connecting plate 2 are sequentially mounted and fixed through inner hexagonal socket head cap screws with proper specifications;
step 2.3: the butt lock hook with the finished spraying mark is respectively installed and fixed with a butt lock hook fixing threaded hole 51 of the lock hook fixing support 5 and a butt lock hook fixing pin hole 52 through a screw and a pin of the butt lock hook, and then the butt lock hook is in contact fit with the lock hook stretching head 6.
And step 3: and connecting the assembled low-temperature load testing device with the butt-joint lock hook, the low-temperature device shell and the mechanical testing machine.
Step 3.1: the connection and fixation of the low-temperature device shell 1, a test tool and a testing machine are realized through the matching of the low-temperature device lock hook stretching head matching hole 11 of the low-temperature device shell 1 and the lock hook stretching head transition rod 61 of the lock hook stretching head 6 and the matching of the low-temperature device tool base matching hole 13 of the low-temperature device shell 1 and the side surface of the tool base 3;
step 3.2: assembling and connecting a pipeline for conveying liquid nitrogen with a nitrogen inlet and outlet hole 12 of the low-temperature device shell 1;
after the step 3.2 is completed, liquid nitrogen can be sucked into the low-temperature device shell 1 through the pump during the low-temperature test, and nitrogen can be pumped back into the liquid nitrogen cylinder through the pump after the test is completed.
And 4, step 4: and displaying the image of the test mark on the butt-joint lock hook in real time in the test process of the low-temperature load performance test of the butt-joint lock hook through a CCD camera and a light source which are connected with a computer.
Step 4.1: opening the visual image processing software In-Sight, adjusting the focal lengths of the light source and the CCD camera lens, setting the exposure rate and an image acquisition area, and enabling the standard test identification area on the tested butt latch hook to be clearly displayed In the visual image processing software In-Sight image;
step 4.2: according to the quality and the definition of an actual test image, a gray level sudden change threshold value is set, and the gray level change of two adjacent nearest edges among the 2 axial strain markers 81 exceeding the set threshold value is considered as the two nearest edges, so that false signals caused by the gray level sudden change of the axial linear path are avoided.
And 5: and carrying out heat insulation treatment on the outer surface of the shell of the low-temperature device and preparing before a test by filling liquid nitrogen through a nitrogen inlet and outlet hole of the low-temperature device.
Step 5.1: the outer surface of the low-temperature device shell 1 is coated with special heat insulation foam for spaceflight, so that the low-temperature load testing device has better heat insulation capability, and a thermocouple is arranged on the inner surface of the low-temperature device shell 1;
step 5.2: injecting liquid nitrogen from a liquid nitrogen gas bottle into the low-temperature device shell (1) through the nitrogen gas inlet and outlet hole 12 of the low-temperature device by a pump;
step 5.3: and measuring the real-time temperature inside the low-temperature device shell 1, and when the real-time temperature reaches the temperature value required by the test, keeping the temperature for 10-15 minutes until the temperature is stable, and then testing.
Step 6: and (3) carrying out load performance test on the butt-joint lock hook by using a mechanical testing machine through a low-temperature load testing device.
Step 6.1: selecting corresponding test parameters from mechanical test machine control software, starting a test, slowly applying a tensile force to ensure that the butt-joint lock hook is in contact with the lock hook stretching head 6 and has a certain pre-tensioning force, selecting a proper loading speed to apply the tensile force to the tool system, and stopping the test and recording the tensile force and the strain value at the position of an inflection point when the applied tensile force reaches a preset tensile force value;
step 6.2: and if the tension and strain values do not meet the design requirements, slowly unloading the device for testing the low-temperature load performance of the butt-joint lock hook to zero, pumping out liquid nitrogen through a nitrogen inlet and outlet hole 12 of the low-temperature device, readjusting the pretightening degree of the disc spring through a disc spring adjusting block 4, and repeating the step 5 and the step 6 after the adjustment is finished until the mechanical parameters at the position of the tension inflection point meet the design requirements.
The main purpose of testing the load performance of the butt-joint lock hook is to adjust the pretightening force of a disc spring in the lock hook, and the pretightening force value of the disc spring is directly reflected as the stress and the strain at the position of an inflection point in a tension curve. Therefore, in a general test process, 3 curves are obtained through a mode of 'slow loading-slow unloading-slow loading-slow unloading', and when load values (usually a range with a small interval) at inflection points of the three curves reach a preset target value, the disc spring pre-tightening force of the pair of locking hooks is considered to meet the requirement. And when the load value at the position of the inflection point does not meet the requirement, repeating the test steps, adjusting the pretightening force of the disc spring, and then testing again until the pretightening force meets the requirement.
The invention realizes the load performance test of the butt latch hook in a low-temperature environment, and simultaneously, the whole set of tool system adopts the design of modularization and human text, thereby greatly simplifying the operation flow and improving the operation safety. The whole set of tool can be applied to various types of mechanical testing machines, has higher precision, and can be used for the mechanical testing machines of different types only by replacing the tool connecting plate and the latch hook stretching head mounting rod. The whole set of tool is made of stainless steel materials without low-temperature brittleness, and before use, all parts of the whole set of tool are subjected to vacuum heat treatment, so that the whole set of tool has high strength and hardness.
In the description of the present application, it is to be understood that the terms "upper", "lower", "front", "rear", "left", "right", "vertical", "horizontal", "top", "bottom", "inner", "outer", and the like indicate orientations or positional relationships based on those shown in the drawings, and are only for convenience in describing the present application and simplifying the description, but do not indicate or imply that the referred device or element must have a specific orientation, be constructed in a specific orientation, and be operated, and thus, should not be construed as limiting the present application.
The foregoing description of specific embodiments of the present invention has been presented. It is to be understood that the present invention is not limited to the specific embodiments described above, and that various changes or modifications may be made by one skilled in the art within the scope of the appended claims without departing from the spirit of the invention. The embodiments and features of the embodiments of the present application may be combined with each other arbitrarily without conflict.
Claims (10)
1. A method for testing the low-temperature load performance of a butt-joint lock hook is characterized by comprising the following steps:
step 1: manufacturing a test mark on the surface of the butt lock hook as a reference for image processing;
step 2: assembling and fixing the low-temperature load testing device and the butt latch hook;
and step 3: connecting the assembled low-temperature load testing device with the butt-joint lock hook, the low-temperature device shell and the mechanical testing machine;
and 4, step 4: displaying an image of a test mark on the butt lock hook in real time in a test process of the low-temperature load performance test of the butt lock hook through a CCD camera and a light source which are connected with a computer;
and 5: carrying out heat insulation treatment on the outer surface of the shell of the low-temperature device and preparing before a test by filling liquid nitrogen through a nitrogen inlet and outlet hole of the low-temperature device;
step 6: and (3) carrying out load performance test on the butt-joint lock hook by using a mechanical testing machine through a low-temperature load testing device.
2. The method for testing the low-temperature load performance of the butt joint lock hook according to claim 1, wherein the step 1 comprises the following steps:
step 1.1: covering a primer mask plate (7) at a primer paint spraying position (9) of the butt-joint lock hook, spraying white paint at a primer paint spraying position (71) to form a background of the test mark, and taking down the primer mask plate (7);
step 1.2: after the white paint is cured, the mark mask plate (8) is covered at the white paint position, black paint is sprayed on the 2 axial strain marks (81) of the mark mask plate (8), the mark mask plate (8) is taken down, and after the black paint is cured, the 2 axial strain marks (81) are formed.
3. The method for testing the low-temperature load performance of the butt joint lock hook according to claim 1, wherein the step 2 comprises the following steps:
step 2.1: inserting inner hexagonal cylindrical head screws with proper specifications from the positions of a tool base on one side of the bottom surface of the tool base (3) and a disc spring adjusting block connecting hole (32), sequentially passing through a disc spring adjusting block fixing threaded hole (42) on one side of the bottom surface of a disc spring adjusting block (4) and a lock hook fixing support fixing threaded hole (53) on one side of the bottom surface of a lock hook fixing support (5), and then sequentially passing the threaded parts of a disc spring adjusting device through a disc spring adjusting device mounting threaded hole (54) on one side of the top surface of the lock hook fixing support (5), a disc spring adjusting device threaded hole (41) on one side of the top surface of the disc spring adjusting block (4) and a disc spring adjusting device reserved threaded hole (33) on one side of the top surface of the tool base (3), so as to finish the primary mounting and fixing of the tool base (3), the disc spring adjusting;
step 2.2: the fixture connecting plate (2) is fixedly connected with a testing machine bottom plate through a connecting plate and a testing machine connecting hole (21) through threads, a locking hook stretching head mounting threaded rod (62) of a locking hook stretching head (6) is fixed with an upper clamping part of the testing machine, and an inner hexagonal cylindrical head screw with a proper specification is used for mounting and fixing the fixture connecting plate and the testing machine bottom plate through a fixture base and a connecting plate connecting hole (31) of a fixture base (3) and a connecting plate and a fixture base connecting threaded hole (22) of the fixture connecting plate (2) in sequence;
step 2.3: the butt-joint lock hook with the finished spraying mark is respectively installed and fixed with a butt-joint lock hook fixing threaded hole (51) of a lock hook fixing support (5) and a butt-joint lock hook fixing pin hole (52) through a screw and a pin of the butt-joint lock hook, and then the butt-joint lock hook is in contact fit with a lock hook stretching head (6).
4. The method for testing the low-temperature load performance of the butt joint lock hook according to claim 1, wherein the step 3 comprises the following steps:
step 3.1: the connection and fixation of the low-temperature device shell (1) and a test tool and a testing machine are realized through the matching of a low-temperature device lock hook stretching head matching hole (11) of the low-temperature device shell (1) and a lock hook stretching head transition rod (61) of a lock hook stretching head (6) and the matching of a low-temperature device tool base matching hole (13) of the low-temperature device shell (1) and the side surface of a tool base (3);
step 3.2: and the pipeline for conveying the liquid nitrogen is assembled and connected with the nitrogen inlet and outlet hole (12) of the low-temperature device shell (1).
5. The method for testing the low-temperature load performance of the butt lock hook according to claim 4, wherein after the step 3.2 is completed, liquid nitrogen can be sucked into the cryogenic device shell (1) through a pump during the cryogenic test, and nitrogen can be pumped back into a liquid nitrogen cylinder through the pump after the cryogenic test is completed.
6. The method for testing the low-temperature load performance of the butt joint lock hook according to claim 1, wherein the step 4 comprises the following steps:
step 4.1: opening the visual image processing software In-Sight, adjusting the focal lengths of the light source and the CCD camera lens, setting the exposure rate and an image acquisition area, and enabling the standard test identification area on the tested butt latch hook to be clearly displayed In the visual image processing software In-Sight image;
step 4.2: according to the quality and the definition of an actual test image, a gray level sudden change threshold value is set, and the gray level change that two adjacent nearest edges between 2 axial strain marks (81) exceed the set threshold value is considered as the two nearest edges, so that false signals caused by the gray level sudden change of an axial linear path are avoided.
7. The method for testing the low-temperature load performance of the butt joint lock hook according to claim 1, wherein the step 5 comprises the following steps:
step 5.1: the outer surface of the low-temperature device shell (1) is coated with heat insulation foam special for spaceflight, so that the low-temperature load testing device has better heat insulation capability, and a thermocouple is arranged on the inner surface of the low-temperature device shell (1);
step 5.2: injecting liquid nitrogen into the cryogenic device shell (1) from a cryogenic device nitrogen gas inlet and outlet hole (12) through a pump from a liquid nitrogen gas bottle;
step 5.3: and (3) measuring the real-time temperature inside the low-temperature device shell (1), and when the real-time temperature reaches a temperature value required by the test, keeping the temperature for 10-15 minutes until the temperature is stable, and then testing.
8. The method for testing the low-temperature load performance of the butt joint lock hook according to claim 1, wherein the step 6 comprises the following steps:
step 6.1: selecting corresponding test parameters from mechanical test machine control software, starting a test, slowly applying a tensile force to ensure that the butt-joint lock hook is in contact with a lock hook stretching head (6) and has a certain pre-tensioning force, selecting a proper loading speed to apply the tensile force to a tool system, and stopping the test and recording the tensile force and the strain value at the position of an inflection point when the applied tensile force reaches a preset tensile force value;
step 6.2: if the tension and strain values do not meet the design requirements, the device for testing the low-temperature load performance of the butt-joint lock hook is slowly unloaded to zero, liquid nitrogen is pumped out through a nitrogen inlet and outlet hole (12) of the low-temperature device, the pretightening degree of the disc spring is readjusted through a disc spring adjusting block (4), and the step 5 and the step 6 are repeated after the adjustment is completed until the mechanical parameters at the position of the tension inflection point meet the design requirements.
9. A device for testing the low-temperature load performance of a butt-joint lock hook is characterized by comprising a low-temperature device shell (1), a tool connecting plate (2), a tool base (3), a disc spring adjusting block (4), a lock hook fixing support (5) and a lock hook stretching head (6),
the low-temperature device shell (1) is arranged on the outer side part of the assembled low-temperature load testing device and the integral butt-joint lock hook;
the lower side of the tooling connecting plate (2) is connected with a reserved threaded hole at the position of a mechanical testing machine base, and the upper side of the tooling connecting plate (2) is connected with the tooling base (3);
the upper side of the tooling base (3) is connected with a disc spring adjusting block (4);
the lower side of the disc spring adjusting block (4) is connected with the tooling base (3), and the upper side of the disc spring adjusting block (4) is connected with the locking hook fixing support (5);
the upper side of the lock hook fixing support (5) is connected with the butt-joint lock hook;
the upper side of the locking hook stretching head (6) is connected with a fixed threaded hole at the upper chuck of the mechanical testing machine, and the lower side of the locking hook stretching head (6) is connected with a hook butted with the locking hook through the hook of the locking hook stretching head.
10. A butt lock hook, characterized in that the low-temperature load performance test can be performed by using the device for testing the low-temperature load performance of the butt lock hook of claim 9.
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| CN202011406928.1A CN112706954B (en) | 2020-12-04 | 2020-12-04 | Method and device for testing low-temperature load performance of butt lock hook and butt lock hook |
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| CN202011406928.1A CN112706954B (en) | 2020-12-04 | 2020-12-04 | Method and device for testing low-temperature load performance of butt lock hook and butt lock hook |
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