CN112701549A - Wind power generation electric brush and preparation method thereof - Google Patents

Wind power generation electric brush and preparation method thereof Download PDF

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Publication number
CN112701549A
CN112701549A CN202011477304.9A CN202011477304A CN112701549A CN 112701549 A CN112701549 A CN 112701549A CN 202011477304 A CN202011477304 A CN 202011477304A CN 112701549 A CN112701549 A CN 112701549A
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powder
brush
wind power
power generation
parts
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CN112701549B (en
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佟立国
徐明辉
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Meiersen Hatan Electric Carbon Harbin Co ltd
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Meiersen Hatan Electric Carbon Harbin Co ltd
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    • HELECTRICITY
    • H01ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
    • H01RELECTRICALLY-CONDUCTIVE CONNECTIONS; STRUCTURAL ASSOCIATIONS OF A PLURALITY OF MUTUALLY-INSULATED ELECTRICAL CONNECTING ELEMENTS; COUPLING DEVICES; CURRENT COLLECTORS
    • H01R39/00Rotary current collectors, distributors or interrupters
    • H01R39/02Details for dynamo electric machines
    • H01R39/18Contacts for co-operation with commutator or slip-ring, e.g. contact brush
    • H01R39/20Contacts for co-operation with commutator or slip-ring, e.g. contact brush characterised by the material thereof
    • HELECTRICITY
    • H01ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
    • H01RELECTRICALLY-CONDUCTIVE CONNECTIONS; STRUCTURAL ASSOCIATIONS OF A PLURALITY OF MUTUALLY-INSULATED ELECTRICAL CONNECTING ELEMENTS; COUPLING DEVICES; CURRENT COLLECTORS
    • H01R39/00Rotary current collectors, distributors or interrupters
    • H01R39/02Details for dynamo electric machines
    • H01R39/18Contacts for co-operation with commutator or slip-ring, e.g. contact brush
    • H01R39/20Contacts for co-operation with commutator or slip-ring, e.g. contact brush characterised by the material thereof
    • H01R39/22Contacts for co-operation with commutator or slip-ring, e.g. contact brush characterised by the material thereof incorporating lubricating or polishing ingredient
    • HELECTRICITY
    • H01ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
    • H01RELECTRICALLY-CONDUCTIVE CONNECTIONS; STRUCTURAL ASSOCIATIONS OF A PLURALITY OF MUTUALLY-INSULATED ELECTRICAL CONNECTING ELEMENTS; COUPLING DEVICES; CURRENT COLLECTORS
    • H01R43/00Apparatus or processes specially adapted for manufacturing, assembling, maintaining, or repairing of line connectors or current collectors or for joining electric conductors
    • H01R43/12Manufacture of brushes
    • HELECTRICITY
    • H01ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
    • H01RELECTRICALLY-CONDUCTIVE CONNECTIONS; STRUCTURAL ASSOCIATIONS OF A PLURALITY OF MUTUALLY-INSULATED ELECTRICAL CONNECTING ELEMENTS; COUPLING DEVICES; CURRENT COLLECTORS
    • H01R2201/00Connectors or connections adapted for particular applications
    • H01R2201/10Connectors or connections adapted for particular applications for dynamoelectric machines

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  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Manufacturing & Machinery (AREA)
  • Motor Or Generator Current Collectors (AREA)

Abstract

A wind power generation electric brush and a preparation method thereof. The invention belongs to the field of electric brushes and preparation thereof. The invention aims to solve the technical problems of poor wear resistance and short service life of the existing wind power electric brush. The wind power generation electric brush is prepared from graphite powder, silver powder, lead oxide powder, nickel powder, an antiwear agent and phenolic resin in parts by weight. The preparation method comprises the following steps: step 1, pressing powder; step 2, pressing and forming; and step 3, roasting treatment. The electric brush for the wind power generation has reasonable raw material composition and scientific formula, and the prepared electric brush for the wind power generation has excellent wear resistance, high voltage resistance, long service life, environmental protection and the wear resistance is improved by more than 30 percent.

Description

Wind power generation electric brush and preparation method thereof
Technical Field
The invention belongs to the field of electric brushes and preparation thereof, and particularly relates to a wind power generation electric brush and a preparation method thereof.
Background
The development of wind power in China has a history of more than twenty years, most of equipment selected by a wind farm is imported products abroad, and the price and the maintenance cost of the foreign equipment are high. Therefore, the wind power industry in China needs to be developed more quickly, the invention and scale development of various accessories of a wind turbine generator set are firstly accelerated, and the key of the health and rapid development of the wind power in China is realized, wherein the electric brush accessory used on the fan generator set is a high-consumption product with large consumption quantity, the carbon brush required by the existing Vestas fan is imported, the electric brush is formed by mixing, pressing and sintering multiple kinds of powder, the production period is long, the power of the wind turbine generator is high, the current density requirement of each electric brush is high, the use environment requirement is strict, so that the material selection of the wind turbine generator brush adopts high-content silver powder as conductive powder, the silver powder is expensive as a noble metal, the cost of the wind turbine generator brush is always high, the foreign electric brush is particularly the foreign electric brush, the price is high, and the supply period is long, untimely supply and the like.
The wear resistance of the electric brush depends on the strength, the friction coefficient and the quality of the oxide film, half of the electric brush needs to reduce the content of graphite because of increasing the silver content in order to reduce the resistivity, the graphite is used as a lubricant to reduce the friction coefficient and establish the oxide film in the electric brush, and meanwhile, the increase of the metal content can cause the problems of short service life, poor stability and the like.
Disclosure of Invention
The invention provides a wind power generation electric brush and a preparation method thereof, aiming at solving the technical problems of poor wear resistance and short service life of the existing wind power electric brush.
The wind power generation brush is prepared from 30-40 parts of graphite powder, 55-65 parts of silver powder, 2-8 parts of lead oxide powder, 5-11 parts of nickel powder, 0.1-0.5 part of an antiwear agent and 20-30 parts of phenolic resin by mass.
The wind power generation electric brush is further limited to be prepared from 34 parts of graphite powder, 65 parts of silver powder, 5 parts of lead oxide powder, 8 parts of nickel powder, 0.3 part of an antiwear agent and 23 parts of phenolic resin in parts by mass.
Further defined, the antiwear agent is silicon carbide.
Further, the average grain diameter of the silicon carbide is 200-300 meshes.
Further defined, the silver powder has a particle size D50 < 19 μm.
Further defined, the silver powder has a particle size D50 of 13 to 15 μm.
Further limiting, the graphite powder is flake graphite powder.
Further limiting, the average grain size of the flake graphite powder is 200-300 meshes, the carbon content is more than or equal to 99%, and the ash content is less than or equal to 1%.
The preparation method of the wind power generation electric brush is carried out according to the following steps:
step 1, powder pressing: mixing graphite powder, an antiwear agent, nickel powder, silver powder, lead oxide powder and phenolic resin at 70-90 ℃ for 2-4 h to obtain pressed powder;
step 2, compression molding: sieving the pressed powder obtained in the step 1, and then placing the powder at 3t/cm3~5t/cm3Pressing the raw material into a rough blank of the electric brush under the pressure of the pressure;
step 3, roasting treatment: and (3) placing the electric brush rough blank obtained in the step (2) into a mesh belt furnace, and sequentially heating for 2-2.5 h under the conditions that the temperature is 200 +/-5 ℃, 260 +/-5 ℃, 350 +/-5 ℃, 450 +/-5 ℃, 600 +/-5 ℃, 700 +/-5 ℃ and 780 +/-5 ℃ to obtain the wind power generation electric brush.
Further limiting, step 1 is mixed at 80 ℃ for 3 h.
Further limiting, the sieving in step 2 is 40 mesh sieving.
Further limit, step 2 is set at 4t/cm3Is pressed under a pressure of (1).
Further defining that the volume density of the brush rough blank in the step 2 is 3.65g/cm3~3.75g/cm3
Further, the volume density of the brush rough blank in the step 2 is 3.68g/cm3~3.70g/cm3
Further limiting, in step 3, the mixture is sequentially heated for 2.5h at 200 ℃, 260 ℃, 350 ℃, 450 ℃, 600 ℃, 700 ℃ and 780 ℃.
Compared with the prior art, the invention has the remarkable effects as follows:
1) according to the invention, the prepared grounding electric brush has excellent friction performance, low friction coefficient and high compressive strength by adopting the silicon carbide as an anti-wear agent, and meanwhile, a good effect can be obtained by adopting the silicon carbide with the average particle size of 200-300 meshes, the silicon carbide does not play a wear-resisting role when the particle size is too small, and the commutator is damaged due to the abrasion of the silicon carbide when the particle size is too large. The silicon carbide is mainly used for reducing the thickness of an oxide film between the silicon carbide and a commutator and improving the wear resistance of the brush. The invention solves the problem of over-thick friction oxidation film between the electric brush and the commutator by adopting the silicon carbide, and obtains the effect of improving the wear resistance.
2) The lead oxide powder has the main function of improving the lubricating performance, can form good point contact with the commutator, ensures that a good lubricating effect is formed between the commutator and the electric brush, has a good protection effect on the commutator, and avoids the electric brush from scratching the commutator.
3) The nickel powder in the present invention functions to form an alloy phase with the silver powder. The invention solves the problem of poor wear resistance by adopting the nickel powder, and obtains the effect of improving the wear resistance.
4) According to the invention, the silver powder (the granularity D50 of the silver powder is below 19 microns) is used for replacing the common electrolytic silver powder (the granularity D50 of the silver powder is 23-43 microns) in the existing brush formula, so that the resistivity of the brush can be adjusted on the premise of not increasing the content of the silver powder, the low resistivity is obtained, and meanwhile, the prepared grounding brush can achieve good wear resistance, low friction coefficient, good stability and long service life, and in addition, the silver powder with the granularity D50 below 19 microns is adopted, so that a metal grid can be easily formed during sintering of the prepared grounding brush, the resistivity of the brush is reduced, and the stability is good.
5) The graphite powder in the formula of the grounding electric brush can adopt artificial graphite powder or natural graphite powder. The natural graphite has the characteristics of light weight, good electric conduction, heat conduction and lubrication performance, good machining performance and the like, so the effect of the selected natural graphite is better than that of artificial graphite, and especially the effect of flake graphite in the natural graphite is the best.
6) The electric brush has reasonable raw material composition and scientific formula, and the prepared electric brush for wind power generation has excellent wear resistance, high voltage resistance, long service life, environmental protection and the wear resistance is improved by more than 30 percent.
7) The electric brush for the motor has the advantages of low resistivity, good wear resistance, good commutation performance, strong anti-interference capability, long service life, capability of better meeting various requirements of the grounding electric brush and wide application range.
Detailed Description
Example 1: the wind power generation brush is prepared from 34 parts of graphite powder, 65 parts of silver powder, 5 parts of lead oxide powder, 8 parts of nickel powder, 0.3 part of an antiwear agent and 23 parts of phenolic resin in parts by mass; wherein the graphite powder is flake graphite powder, the average particle size is 300 meshes, the carbon content is more than or equal to 99 percent, and the ash content is less than or equal to 1 percent; the antiwear agent is silicon carbide, the average grain diameter of the silicon carbide is 300 meshes, and the granularity D50 of the silver powder is 15 mu m.
The method for preparing the wind power generation brush of example 1 is carried out according to the following steps:
step 1, powder pressing: mixing graphite powder, an antiwear agent, nickel powder, silver powder, lead oxide powder and phenolic resin at 80 ℃ for 3 hours to obtain pressed powder;
step 2, compression molding: sieving the pressed powder obtained in the step 1 by a 40-mesh sieve, and then placing the powder at 3t/cm3Is pressed under pressure to a bulk density of 3.68g/cm3~3.70g/cm3The brush blank of (1);
step 3, roasting treatment: and (3) placing the brush rough blank obtained in the step (2) into a mesh belt furnace, and sequentially heating for 2.5h under the conditions of the temperature of 200 ℃, 260 ℃, 350 ℃, 450 ℃, 600 ℃, 700 ℃ and 780 ℃ respectively to obtain the wind power generation brush.
Example 2: the wind power generation electric brush is prepared from 40 parts of graphite powder, 59 parts of silver powder, 5 parts of lead oxide powder, 7 parts of nickel powder, 0.3 part of an antiwear agent and 26 parts of phenolic resin in parts by mass; wherein the graphite powder is flake graphite powder, the average particle size is 300 meshes, the carbon content is more than or equal to 99 percent, and the ash content is less than or equal to 1 percent; the antiwear agent is silicon carbide, the average grain diameter of the silicon carbide is 300 meshes, and the granularity D50 of the silver powder is 15 mu m.
The method for preparing the wind power generation brush of the embodiment 2 comprises the following steps:
step 1, powder pressing: mixing graphite powder, an antiwear agent, nickel powder, silver powder, lead oxide powder and phenolic resin at 80 ℃ for 3 hours to obtain pressed powder;
step 2, compression molding: sieving the pressed powder obtained in the step 1 by a 40-mesh sieve, and then placing the powder at 3t/cm3Is pressed under pressure to a bulk density of 3.68g/cm3~3.70g/cm3The brush blank of (1);
step 3, roasting treatment: and (3) placing the brush rough blank obtained in the step (2) into a mesh belt furnace, and sequentially heating for 2.5h under the conditions of the temperature of 200 ℃, 260 ℃, 350 ℃, 450 ℃, 600 ℃, 700 ℃ and 780 ℃ respectively to obtain the wind power generation brush.
Example 3: the wind power generation electric brush is prepared from 30 parts of graphite powder, 67 parts of silver powder, 5 parts of lead oxide powder, 8 parts of nickel powder, 0.3 part of an antiwear agent and 20 parts of phenolic resin in parts by mass; wherein the graphite powder is flake graphite powder, the average particle size is 300 meshes, the carbon content is more than or equal to 99 percent, and the ash content is less than or equal to 1 percent; the antiwear agent is silicon carbide, the average grain diameter of the silicon carbide is 300 meshes, and the granularity D50 of the silver powder is 15 mu m.
The method for preparing the wind power generation brush of the embodiment 3 comprises the following steps:
step 1, powder pressing: mixing graphite powder, an antiwear agent, nickel powder, silver powder, lead oxide powder and phenolic resin at 80 ℃ for 3 hours to obtain pressed powder;
step 2, compression molding: sieving the pressed powder obtained in the step 1 by a 40-mesh sieve, and then placing the powder at 4t/cm3Is pressed under pressure to a bulk density of 3.68g/cm3~3.70g/cm3The brush blank of (1);
step 3, roasting treatment: and (3) placing the brush rough blank obtained in the step (2) into a mesh belt furnace, and sequentially heating for 2.5h under the conditions of the temperature of 200 ℃, 260 ℃, 350 ℃, 450 ℃, 600 ℃, 700 ℃ and 780 ℃ respectively to obtain the wind power generation brush.
Example 4: this example differs from example 3 in that: the average particle size of the silicon carbide was 200 mesh. The other steps were the same as in example 3.
Example 5: this example differs from example 3 in that: the graphite powder was a natural graphite powder (flake graphite powder) having a particle size of 200 mesh, and the other steps were the same as in example 3.
Example 6: this example differs from example 3 in that: the bulk density of the brush rough blank in the step 3) is 3.69g/cm3The other steps are the same as in example 3.
Example 7: this example differs from example 3 in that: the bulk density of the brush rough blank in the step 3) is 3.70g/cm3The other steps are the same as in example 3.
To illustrate the effect of the grounding brush prepared according to the present invention, the following experiment was performed:
first, the performances of the brush of example 1 and the inlet brush (morgan MG1147) were compared, and the comparison results are shown in tables 1 to 2.
TABLE 1 comparison of test data for brushes of the invention and imported brushes
Figure BDA0002837597030000051
TABLE 2 comparison of wear data for inventive brushes and inlet brushes
Figure BDA0002837597030000052
It can be seen from table 2 that the cumulative wear values of the inlet brushes in three cycles (15 days per cycle) of 45 days are far more than those of the inlet brushes, the cumulative wear value of the inlet brushes reaches 3.55mm to the maximum, the maximum of the invention brushes is only 0.6mm, which is 6 times lower than that of the inlet brushes, and meanwhile, the wear values of the invention brushes are more uniform in the stability of the brushes, and the brushes are proved to be superior to the inlet brushes in the practical test and use process of a wind field.
Experiment II, in order to illustrate the effect of the nickel powder on improving the wear resistance of the electric brush, the following experiments are carried out:
experimental groups: example 3
Control group: this experiment differs from example 3 in that the formulation does not contain nickel powder, and is otherwise the same as example 3.
Three cycle wear tests were conducted to examine the preparation of brushes from the experimental and control groups to find: the brush wear of the test group added with nickel powder is 0.55mm in 45 days, and the brush wear of the control group not added with nickel powder is 1.20mm in 45 days, so that the wear resistance of the brush can be obviously improved by adding the nickel powder.
Experiment three, in order to illustrate the effect of the fine silver powder to reduce the resistivity, the following experiment was performed:
experimental groups: example 3, the particle size D50 of the fine silver powder was 15 μm;
control group: the experiment differs from example 3 in that: the same general electrolytic silver powder (particle size D50 in the range of 22 to 43 μm) was used, except that the same was used as in example 3.
The effects of resistivity, wear resistance, friction coefficient, stability, service life and the like of the electric brushes prepared by the experimental group and the control group are examined, and the results are shown in table 3.
TABLE 3 comparison of test data
Resistivity mu omega m Shore hardness Flexural strength MPa 3 cycles (45 days) of abrasion
Experimental group 0.2-0.3 16-17 36-40 0.56mm
Control group 0.5-0.6 15-16 31-33 0.97mm
As can be seen from Table 3: the fine silver powder (the granularity D50 is 15 microns) is used for replacing the common electrolytic silver powder (the granularity D50 is below 22-43 microns), the resistivity of the electric brush can be adjusted on the premise of not increasing the content of the silver powder, the low resistivity is obtained, and meanwhile, the electric brush can achieve good wear resistance, low friction coefficient, good stability and long service life.

Claims (10)

1. The wind power generation brush is characterized by being prepared from 30-40 parts of graphite powder, 55-65 parts of silver powder, 2-8 parts of lead oxide powder, 5-11 parts of nickel powder, 0.1-0.5 part of an antiwear agent and 20-30 parts of phenolic resin in parts by mass.
2. The wind power generation brush according to claim 1, wherein the wind power generation brush is prepared from 34 parts of graphite powder, 65 parts of silver powder, 5 parts of lead oxide powder, 8 parts of nickel powder, 0.3 part of an antiwear agent and 23 parts of phenolic resin by mass.
3. The wind power generation brush according to claim 1, wherein the antiwear agent is silicon carbide, and the average particle size of the silicon carbide is 200-300 meshes.
4. The wind generating brush according to claim 1, wherein said silver powder is a fine silver powder having a particle size D50 < 19 μm.
5. The wind generating brush according to claim 1, wherein the silver powder has a particle size D50 of 13 to 15 μm.
6. The wind power generation brush according to claim 1, wherein the graphite powder is flake graphite powder, the average particle size of the flake graphite powder is 200-300 mesh, the carbon content is not less than 99%, and the ash content is not more than 1%.
7. The method for manufacturing a wind power brush according to any of claims 1 to 6, wherein the method comprises the steps of:
step 1, powder pressing: mixing graphite powder, an antiwear agent, nickel powder, silver powder, lead oxide powder and phenolic resin at 70-90 ℃ for 2-4 h to obtain pressed powder;
step 2, compression molding: sieving the pressed powder obtained in the step 1, and then placing the powder at 3t/cm3~5t/cm3Pressing the raw material into a rough blank of the electric brush under the pressure of the pressure;
step 3, roasting treatment: and (3) placing the electric brush rough blank obtained in the step (2) into a mesh belt furnace, and sequentially heating for 2-2.5 h under the conditions that the temperature is 200 +/-5 ℃, 260 +/-5 ℃, 350 +/-5 ℃, 450 +/-5 ℃, 600 +/-5 ℃, 700 +/-5 ℃ and 780 +/-5 ℃ to obtain the wind power generation electric brush.
8. The method for manufacturing a brush for wind power generation according to claim 7, wherein the mixing is performed at 80 ℃ for 3 hours in the step 1.
9. The method for manufacturing a brush for wind power generation according to claim 7, wherein the sieving in step 2 is 40 mesh sieving, and the step 2 is performed with a 4t/cm sieve3The bulk density of the brush blank in step 2 is 3.65g/cm3~3.75g/cm3
10. The method of claim 7, wherein the heating is performed at 200 ℃, 260 ℃, 350 ℃, 450 ℃, 600 ℃, 700 ℃, 780 ℃ for 2.5 hours in sequence in step 3.
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Citations (3)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
FR2865858A1 (en) * 2004-02-04 2005-08-05 Carbone Lorraine Applications Electriques Sliding contact unit e.g. brush, for e.g. electric fan motor, of motor vehicle, has copper particles, and additional metal e.g. zinc carbonate, added with material in form of metallic particles
CN109004481A (en) * 2018-07-24 2018-12-14 美尔森哈碳电碳(哈尔滨)有限公司 A kind of earthing brush and preparation method thereof
CN110872656A (en) * 2018-08-29 2020-03-10 淮安聚友新能源科技有限公司 Carbon brush material for automobile starter and preparation method thereof

Patent Citations (3)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
FR2865858A1 (en) * 2004-02-04 2005-08-05 Carbone Lorraine Applications Electriques Sliding contact unit e.g. brush, for e.g. electric fan motor, of motor vehicle, has copper particles, and additional metal e.g. zinc carbonate, added with material in form of metallic particles
CN109004481A (en) * 2018-07-24 2018-12-14 美尔森哈碳电碳(哈尔滨)有限公司 A kind of earthing brush and preparation method thereof
CN110872656A (en) * 2018-08-29 2020-03-10 淮安聚友新能源科技有限公司 Carbon brush material for automobile starter and preparation method thereof

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