CN112701438B - Polarization reconfigurable bidirectional co-rotation direction circularly polarized antenna based on dielectric polarizer - Google Patents
Polarization reconfigurable bidirectional co-rotation direction circularly polarized antenna based on dielectric polarizer Download PDFInfo
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- CN112701438B CN112701438B CN202011535402.3A CN202011535402A CN112701438B CN 112701438 B CN112701438 B CN 112701438B CN 202011535402 A CN202011535402 A CN 202011535402A CN 112701438 B CN112701438 B CN 112701438B
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- H—ELECTRICITY
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- H01Q—ANTENNAS, i.e. RADIO AERIALS
- H01Q1/00—Details of, or arrangements associated with, antennas
- H01Q1/002—Protection against seismic waves, thermal radiation or other disturbances, e.g. nuclear explosion; Arrangements for improving the power handling capability of an antenna
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- H—ELECTRICITY
- H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
- H01Q—ANTENNAS, i.e. RADIO AERIALS
- H01Q1/00—Details of, or arrangements associated with, antennas
- H01Q1/50—Structural association of antennas with earthing switches, lead-in devices or lightning protectors
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- H—ELECTRICITY
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- H01Q—ANTENNAS, i.e. RADIO AERIALS
- H01Q15/00—Devices for reflection, refraction, diffraction or polarisation of waves radiated from an antenna, e.g. quasi-optical devices
- H01Q15/24—Polarising devices; Polarisation filters
- H01Q15/242—Polarisation converters
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Abstract
The invention discloses a polarization reconfigurable bidirectional co-rotation circularly polarized antenna based on a dielectric polarizer, which comprises a bidirectional waveguide power divider, a first dielectric polarizer and a second dielectric polarizer, wherein the first dielectric polarizer and the second dielectric polarizer are relatively and fixedly arranged on two sides of the bidirectional waveguide power divider, the first dielectric polarizer and the second dielectric polarizer are vertically arranged, included angles of +/-45 degrees are respectively formed between the first dielectric polarizer and the bidirectional waveguide power divider and between the second dielectric polarizer and the bidirectional waveguide power divider, and a first differential port and a second differential port for feeding are arranged on the bidirectional waveguide power divider. The method has the advantages of wide axial ratio bandwidth, high gain, stable performance in a working frequency band and reconfigurable polarization. In addition, the invention has simple structure and is convenient to process.
Description
Technical Field
The invention belongs to the technical field of antennas, and particularly relates to a polarization reconfigurable bidirectional co-rotation circularly polarized antenna based on a dielectric polarizer.
Background
Antennas with bidirectional radiation characteristics have very wide requirements in practical applications, especially in, for example: tunnels, bridges, mine caverns, streets, and the like. In these environments, the communication terminals are generally distributed approximately linearly in a long and narrow space, and if an antenna with unidirectional or omnidirectional radiation is adopted, a series of problems such as communication blind areas and large energy loss are easily caused, while an antenna with bidirectional radiation can well avoid the problems. In addition, in terms of polarization, since the circularly polarized antenna can effectively avoid the problem of polarization mismatch and has the advantage of anti-multipath reflection, the antenna for bidirectional radiation is usually designed in a circularly polarized form. To avoid polarization mismatch in both directions, it is generally required that the circular polarization of the bi-directional antenna has the same handedness in both directions, i.e. either left-handed or right-handed.
The current scheme for implementing the bidirectional co-rotation circularly polarized antenna comprises: firstly, a patch antenna adopting a multi-layer PCB structure, for example, in A bidirectional left-hand circular polarized antenna used product antennas, Microw & Optical technology Lett,2013, vol.55.no.9.pp.2044-2047,2013, such as C.Deng, two patches with gaps are orthogonally placed on two sides of a feed PCB, and each gap forms an included angle of +/-45 degrees with a feed microstrip line, so that bidirectional co-rotation circularly polarized radiation is realized; liu et al, in A biological area of the same left-handed circular polarization using a specific substrate, IEEE Antennas Wireless Propag.Lett, vol.12, pp.1543-1546,2013, employ an array of eight-element dipoles placed crosswise at + -45 degrees and spaced 1/4 wavelengths; third, as Y.ZHao et al in A dual circular polarized waveguide antenna with bidirectional radiation of the same sense, IEEE Trans. antennas, vol.62, No.1, pp.480-484, Jan.2014, adopt a rectangular waveguide antenna with polarization degeneration function, and feed through two orthogonally placed metal sheets 1/4 wavelength apart; and fourthly, in the A bidirectional and sense circular polarized end array with polarization reconfiguration capability, IEEE transactions, antennas, vol.67, No.11, pp.7150-7155, Nov.2019, such as J.Hu, the combination mode of magnetic and electric dipoles is adopted to realize the bidirectional and homorotational circular polarized radiation, and the rotational reconfiguration of the circular polarization is realized through a switch diode.
However, the current bidirectional co-rotating circularly polarized antenna still has the following problems:
1. conventional bidirectional co-rotating circularly polarized antennas are generally narrower in axial ratio bandwidth and lower in gain. The axial ratio bandwidth does not exceed 10% in general, and the gain is 5dBi c on average.
2. The conventional bidirectional co-rotating circularly polarized antenna is complicated in structure, which results in difficulty in manufacturing and an increase in manufacturing cost. Meanwhile, the mechanical performance of the antenna is greatly tested, and the antenna structure is easy to deform under the action of external force. This problem is particularly pronounced in three-dimensional structures.
3. The polarization mode of the traditional bidirectional co-rotation circularly polarized antenna is single, most of the traditional bidirectional co-rotation circularly polarized antenna is designed into single left-rotation or right-rotation circularly polarization, and free switching between two rotation directions cannot be realized. In practical application, the flexibility of the system can be increased if the rotation direction can be freely switched.
Disclosure of Invention
The invention aims to solve the problems of narrow axial ratio bandwidth, low gain, complex antenna structure, difficult processing, single polarization mode and the like of the traditional bidirectional same-rotation circularly polarized antenna in the prior art by providing a polarization reconfigurable bidirectional same-rotation circularly polarized antenna based on a dielectric polarizer.
The object of the invention is achieved by at least one of the following solutions.
The polarization reconfigurable bidirectional co-rotation circularly polarized antenna based on the dielectric polarizer comprises a bidirectional waveguide power divider, a first dielectric polarizer and a second dielectric polarizer, wherein the first dielectric polarizer and the second dielectric polarizer are relatively and fixedly arranged on two sides of the bidirectional waveguide power divider, the first dielectric polarizer and the second dielectric polarizer are arranged vertically, included angles of +/-45 degrees are respectively formed between the first dielectric polarizer and the bidirectional waveguide power divider and between the second dielectric polarizer and the bidirectional waveguide power divider, and a first differential port and a second differential port for feeding are arranged on the bidirectional waveguide power divider.
In a further improvement, the body of the circularly polarized antenna is made of a dielectric material.
In a further improvement, the dielectric material has a relative dielectric constant of 2.9 and a loss tangent of 0.01.
In a further improvement, the bidirectional waveguide power divider is uniformly provided with a plurality of coaxial connectors in the circumferential direction, wherein two opposite coaxial connectors form the first differential port, and the other two opposite coaxial connectors form the second differential port.
In a further improvement, each coaxial connector is fixedly bonded with the bidirectional waveguide power divider.
In a further improvement, each coaxial connector and the bidirectional waveguide power divider are fixed by ethyl cyanoacrylate glue.
In a further improvement, the cylindrical surface of the bidirectional waveguide power divider is covered with a thin metal layer.
In a further improvement, the first dielectric polarizer and the second dielectric polarizer are provided with corner cutting surfaces at the side close to the side connected with the bidirectional waveguide power divider.
Compared with the prior art, the invention can realize the following beneficial effects:
compared with the prior art, the invention has the advantages of wide axial ratio bandwidth (30.1%, 4.9-6.65GHz), high gain (8.6 +/-0.7 dBi in band), stable performance in a working frequency band and capability of realizing polarization reconfiguration. In addition, the invention has simple structure and is convenient to process.
Drawings
Fig. 1 is a schematic structural diagram of a polarization reconfigurable bidirectional co-rotation circularly polarized antenna based on a dielectric polarizer according to an embodiment of the present invention.
Fig. 2 is a schematic structural diagram of another view angle of the polarization reconfigurable bidirectional co-rotation circularly polarized antenna based on the dielectric polarizer according to the embodiment of the present invention.
Fig. 3 is a schematic diagram of impedance bandwidth and port isolation of a polarization reconfigurable bidirectional co-rotation circularly polarized antenna based on a dielectric polarizer according to an embodiment of the present invention.
Fig. 4 is a schematic axial ratio performance diagram of a polarization reconfigurable bidirectional co-rotation circularly polarized antenna based on a dielectric polarizer, provided by an embodiment of the present invention.
Fig. 5 is a schematic diagram of gain characteristics of a polarization reconfigurable bidirectional co-rotation circularly polarized antenna based on a dielectric polarizer according to an embodiment of the present invention.
Fig. 6 is a directional diagram of a central frequency of the polarization reconfigurable bidirectional co-rotation circularly polarized antenna based on the dielectric polarizer when excited by the differential port 1, provided by the embodiment of the invention.
Fig. 7 is a directional diagram of the central frequency of the polarization reconfigurable bidirectional co-rotation circularly polarized antenna based on the dielectric polarizer when excited by the differential port 2, according to the embodiment of the present invention.
Detailed Description
In order to better understand the present invention, the following examples are further provided to illustrate the present invention, but the present invention is not limited to the following examples.
Referring to fig. 1 and fig. 2, the polarization reconfigurable bidirectional co-rotation circularly polarized antenna based on a dielectric polarizer provided in this embodiment includes a bidirectional waveguide power divider 2, a first dielectric polarizer 1, and a second dielectric polarizer 3, where the bidirectional waveguide power divider 2, the first dielectric polarizer 1, and the second dielectric polarizer 3 are made of dielectric materials, and a thin layer of metal copper is covered on a cylindrical surface of the bidirectional waveguide power divider 2 in an electroplating manner. The whole structure is integrally formed, and the specific processing can be realized by any one of a 3D printing process, a CNC process or an injection molding process. The most convenient 3D printing process is selected as a sample, the dielectric material has a relative dielectric constant of 2.9 and a loss tangent of 0.01, and it is understood that dielectric materials with other dielectric constants can be used in other embodiments.
As shown in fig. 1, the polarization reconfigurable bidirectional co-rotating circularly polarized antenna based on the dielectric polarizer includes a center-fed bidirectional waveguide power divider 2, a rectangular first dielectric polarizer 1, and a rectangular second dielectric polarizer 3. The two ends of the bidirectional waveguide power divider 2 are open-circuited, the first dielectric polarizer 1 and the second dielectric polarizer 3 are respectively and fixedly arranged on the two sides of the bidirectional waveguide power divider 2 and are closely connected with the opening section of the bidirectional waveguide power divider, and the whole antenna structure is symmetrically arranged. The bidirectional waveguide power divider 2 is based on a circular waveguide and is cylindrical, and the cylindrical surface of the bidirectional waveguide power divider is covered with a thin layer of metal copper in an electroplating mode to form a waveguide wall. The first dielectric polarizer 1 and the second dielectric polarizer 3 are orthogonal to each other and form included angles of +/-45 degrees with the middle bidirectional waveguide power divider 2 respectively. As shown in fig. 2, the antenna is fed by two pairs of differential ports, the differential ports are formed by coaxial connectors, four coaxial connectors are uniformly and fixedly arranged on the circumference of the cylindrical surface of the bidirectional waveguide power divider 2, wherein the first coaxial connector 4 and the second coaxial connector 5 which are oppositely arranged form a first differential port, and the other two third coaxial connectors 6 and the fourth coaxial connectors 7 which are oppositely arranged form a second differential port. The inner conductor of each coaxial connector is inserted into the bidirectional waveguide power divider 2, and the characteristic impedance of the coaxial line is 50 ohms. In order to facilitate the connection of the coaxial connector and the bidirectional waveguide power divider 2, 4 rectangular cross sections are cut from the side surface of the bidirectional waveguide power divider 2 to fit the flange of the coaxial connector. The coaxial connector is connected with the bidirectional waveguide power divider 2 in an adhesion mode through ethyl cyanoacrylate glue.
In operation, the antenna is composed of the firstWhen the differential port is excited, electromagnetic waves are distributed to two directions in equal amplitude and same phase through the bidirectional waveguide power divider 2, and then are radiated to the atmosphere through the first dielectric polarizer 1 and the second dielectric polarizer 3. The electromagnetic wave is TE in the bidirectional waveguide power divider 211The linear polarization distribution of the mode, the first dielectric polarizer 1 and the second dielectric polarizer 3 can disturb the incoming wave in the waveguide, thereby decomposing the incoming wave into two linear polarization components which are parallel and perpendicular to the dielectric polarizers. In the design process, by adjusting the physical size of the dielectric polarizer, the phase difference of 90 degrees can be realized by the two parallel and vertical linear polarization components, and the two components form circular polarization radiation after being superposed. Because the first dielectric polarizer 1 and the second dielectric polarizer 3 respectively form included angles of +/-45 degrees with the waveguide power divider 2 in the middle, the incoming waves in two directions are disturbed in the same rotation direction, and therefore the bidirectional co-rotation circularly polarized radiation is realized. TE due to circular waveguide11The mode is a polarization degenerate mode, and when the antenna is excited by the second differential port, the polarization direction of the linearly polarized wave in the bidirectional waveguide power divider 2 changes, and accordingly, the circular polarization rotation direction also changes. In the scheme, when the antenna is excited by the first differential port, the bidirectional left-handed circular polarization radiation can be realized, and when the antenna is excited by the second differential port, the bidirectional right-handed circular polarization radiation can be realized, so that the polarization reconfigurable function of the antenna can be realized by changing the feed port. Due to the symmetrical structure of the antenna, the radiation performance of the antenna is consistent under two circular polarizations.
In this embodiment, the first dielectric polarizer 1 and the second dielectric polarizer 3 are both rectangular, and a corner cut is formed on a side close to the side connected to the bidirectional waveguide power divider 2. The chamfer processing is to facilitate the installation of the coaxial connector in the later period, and the electromagnetic wave energy distribution at the chamfer is less, so that the chamfer processing has no influence on the performance of the antenna basically.
As shown in FIG. 3, the present embodiment provides an antenna that can achieve an impedance match of less than-10 dB, i.e., S, in the frequency band range of 4.5GHz to 7GHzdd11I and I Sdd22L is less than-10 dB in frequency band. At the same time, the port isolation is below-39 dB, i.e. | S, in this banddd12L is less than-39 dB in frequency band. The aboveThe impedance of the antenna is matched in the frequency band of 4.5GHz to 7GHz, and the isolation between the two ports is good.
The axial ratio performance is shown in fig. 4, from 4.9GHz to 6.65GHz, the axial ratio of the antenna is lower than 3dB, and the axial ratio bandwidth is 30.1%. Far exceeds the existing 10%, and has wider axial ratio bandwidth.
As shown in FIG. 5, the gain characteristic is that the average gain of the antenna is 8.6dBi c and the gain fluctuation is + -0.7 dB higher than the existing 5dBi c in the operating frequency band (4.9GHz-6.65GHz), and the antenna has good gain performance.
Fig. 6 and 7 show directional diagrams of center frequencies when the first differential port and the second differential port are excited, respectively, and it can be seen from the diagrams that main polarizations are left-hand circular polarization and right-hand circular polarization, respectively, which illustrates that the circularly polarized antenna provided by this embodiment can implement two polarization modes of left-hand circular polarization and right-hand circular polarization, and has stronger flexibility.
In summary, the circularly polarized antenna provided by the embodiment has the advantages of wide axial ratio bandwidth, high gain, and stable radiation performance in the working frequency band. The antenna performance remains consistent in the two different circular polarization states. And structurally, the structure is simple, and the processing difficulty and the processing cost can be greatly reduced.
The parts not involved in the present invention are the same as or implemented using the prior art.
The foregoing is considered as illustrative of the preferred embodiments of the invention and is not to be construed as limiting the invention in any way. Various equivalent changes and modifications can be made by those skilled in the art based on the above-described embodiments, and all equivalent changes and modifications within the scope of the claims should fall within the protection scope of the present invention.
Claims (8)
1. Polarization reconfigurable bidirectional co-rotation circularly polarized antenna based on dielectric polarizer is characterized in that: the bidirectional waveguide power divider comprises a bidirectional waveguide power divider (2), and a first rectangular dielectric polarizer (1) and a second rectangular dielectric polarizer (3) which are relatively and fixedly arranged on two sides of the bidirectional waveguide power divider (2), wherein the first dielectric polarizer (1) and the second dielectric polarizer (3) are arranged vertically to each other, included angles of +/-45 degrees are respectively formed between the first dielectric polarizer (1) and the bidirectional waveguide power divider (2) and between the second dielectric polarizer (3) and the bidirectional waveguide power divider (2), and a first differential port and a second differential port for feeding are arranged on the bidirectional waveguide power divider (2); the bidirectional waveguide power divider (2) is based on circular waveguide, open-circuited at two ends and cylindrical center feed; the first dielectric polarizer (1) and the second dielectric polarizer (3) are respectively and fixedly arranged on two sides of the bidirectional waveguide power divider relatively and tightly connected with the opening section of the bidirectional waveguide power divider, and the whole antenna structure is symmetrically arranged.
2. The dielectric polarizer-based polarization reconfigurable bidirectional co-rotating circularly polarized antenna according to claim 1, wherein: the body of the circularly polarized antenna is made of dielectric material.
3. The dielectric polarizer-based polarization reconfigurable bidirectional co-rotating circularly polarized antenna according to claim 2, wherein: the dielectric material has a relative dielectric constant of 2.9 and a loss tangent of 0.01.
4. The dielectric polarizer-based polarization reconfigurable bidirectional co-rotating circularly polarized antenna according to claim 1, wherein: the bidirectional waveguide power divider (2) is uniformly provided with 4 coaxial connectors in the circumferential direction, wherein two opposite coaxial connectors form the first differential port, and the other two opposite coaxial connectors form the second differential port.
5. The dielectric polarizer-based polarization reconfigurable bidirectional co-rotation circularly polarized antenna according to claim 4, wherein: and each coaxial connector is fixedly bonded with the bidirectional waveguide power divider (2).
6. The dielectric polarizer-based polarization reconfigurable bidirectional co-rotating circularly polarized antenna according to claim 5, wherein: and each coaxial connector and the bidirectional waveguide power divider (2) are fixedly adhered through ethyl cyanoacrylate glue.
7. The dielectric polarizer-based polarization reconfigurable bidirectional co-rotating circularly polarized antenna according to claim 1, wherein: the cylindrical surface of the bidirectional waveguide power divider (2) is covered with a metal thin layer.
8. The dielectric polarizer-based polarization reconfigurable bidirectional co-rotating circularly polarized antenna according to claim 1, wherein: and corner cutting surfaces are arranged on one sides of the first dielectric polarizer (1) and the second dielectric polarizer (3) close to the two-way waveguide power divider (2).
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Citations (3)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN106025451A (en) * | 2016-06-20 | 2016-10-12 | 南京邮电大学 | Novel waveguide polarizer |
| CN207834571U (en) * | 2018-01-22 | 2018-09-07 | 华南理工大学 | A kind of aqueous medium resonant aerial of polarization and directional diagram reconstructable |
| CN111883912A (en) * | 2020-06-24 | 2020-11-03 | 南京邮电大学 | Ultra-wideband circularly polarized dielectric resonator antenna array |
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| US7609915B2 (en) * | 2006-09-13 | 2009-10-27 | Gennady Shvets | Apparatus and method for a waveguide-based optical polarizer/isolator |
| TWI338975B (en) * | 2007-12-14 | 2011-03-11 | Univ Nat Taiwan | Circularly-polarized dielectric resonator antenna |
| CN103247858A (en) * | 2013-04-26 | 2013-08-14 | 清华大学 | Metallic waveguide antenna with characteristics of bi-direction synchronous rotation and double circular polarization wave radiation |
| CN206098733U (en) * | 2016-09-08 | 2017-04-12 | 中国电子科技集团公司第五十四研究所 | Two circular polarized antenna units and array antenna |
| CN110085981B (en) * | 2019-05-13 | 2020-05-05 | 中国人民解放军火箭军工程大学 | Double-frequency satellite antenna variable polarization feed source |
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| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN106025451A (en) * | 2016-06-20 | 2016-10-12 | 南京邮电大学 | Novel waveguide polarizer |
| CN207834571U (en) * | 2018-01-22 | 2018-09-07 | 华南理工大学 | A kind of aqueous medium resonant aerial of polarization and directional diagram reconstructable |
| CN111883912A (en) * | 2020-06-24 | 2020-11-03 | 南京邮电大学 | Ultra-wideband circularly polarized dielectric resonator antenna array |
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