CN112701315B - Sealing structure and sealing method of non-welded metal plate single cell - Google Patents
Sealing structure and sealing method of non-welded metal plate single cell Download PDFInfo
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- CN112701315B CN112701315B CN202110108894.6A CN202110108894A CN112701315B CN 112701315 B CN112701315 B CN 112701315B CN 202110108894 A CN202110108894 A CN 202110108894A CN 112701315 B CN112701315 B CN 112701315B
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- 238000007789 sealing Methods 0.000 title claims abstract description 167
- 229910052751 metal Inorganic materials 0.000 title claims abstract description 28
- 239000002184 metal Substances 0.000 title claims abstract description 28
- 238000000034 method Methods 0.000 title claims abstract description 18
- 239000003292 glue Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 124
- 238000002347 injection Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 109
- 239000007924 injection Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 109
- 239000001257 hydrogen Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 91
- 229910052739 hydrogen Inorganic materials 0.000 claims abstract description 91
- UFHFLCQGNIYNRP-UHFFFAOYSA-N Hydrogen Chemical compound [H][H] UFHFLCQGNIYNRP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims abstract description 89
- XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N water Substances O XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims abstract description 66
- 239000012528 membrane Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 48
- 238000004891 communication Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 35
- 238000001816 cooling Methods 0.000 claims description 22
- 239000003566 sealing material Substances 0.000 claims description 9
- 229920002943 EPDM rubber Polymers 0.000 claims description 2
- VYPSYNLAJGMNEJ-UHFFFAOYSA-N Silicium dioxide Chemical compound O=[Si]=O VYPSYNLAJGMNEJ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 2
- 239000000741 silica gel Substances 0.000 claims description 2
- 229910002027 silica gel Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 2
- 238000004519 manufacturing process Methods 0.000 abstract description 20
- 239000000110 cooling liquid Substances 0.000 description 14
- 238000003466 welding Methods 0.000 description 13
- 239000000446 fuel Substances 0.000 description 11
- 239000000463 material Substances 0.000 description 8
- 229920001971 elastomer Polymers 0.000 description 6
- 239000000853 adhesive Substances 0.000 description 4
- 230000001070 adhesive effect Effects 0.000 description 4
- 238000000576 coating method Methods 0.000 description 4
- 239000011248 coating agent Substances 0.000 description 3
- 239000012809 cooling fluid Substances 0.000 description 3
- 239000007789 gas Substances 0.000 description 3
- 230000009286 beneficial effect Effects 0.000 description 2
- 230000006835 compression Effects 0.000 description 2
- 238000007906 compression Methods 0.000 description 2
- 238000005516 engineering process Methods 0.000 description 2
- 150000002431 hydrogen Chemical class 0.000 description 2
- 230000007774 longterm Effects 0.000 description 2
- 239000000047 product Substances 0.000 description 2
- 239000000243 solution Substances 0.000 description 2
- OKTJSMMVPCPJKN-UHFFFAOYSA-N Carbon Chemical compound [C] OKTJSMMVPCPJKN-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- RTAQQCXQSZGOHL-UHFFFAOYSA-N Titanium Chemical compound [Ti] RTAQQCXQSZGOHL-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 238000002679 ablation Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000015572 biosynthetic process Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000000903 blocking effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 239000008358 core component Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000005520 cutting process Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000007547 defect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000009792 diffusion process Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000000694 effects Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000004146 energy storage Methods 0.000 description 1
- 229910002804 graphite Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 239000010439 graphite Substances 0.000 description 1
- 125000004435 hydrogen atom Chemical group [H]* 0.000 description 1
- 238000002955 isolation Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000003475 lamination Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000007747 plating Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000010248 power generation Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000011265 semifinished product Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000004513 sizing Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000002893 slag Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229910001220 stainless steel Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 239000010935 stainless steel Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000000126 substance Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000013589 supplement Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000010936 titanium Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229910052719 titanium Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 239000002699 waste material Substances 0.000 description 1
Classifications
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- H—ELECTRICITY
- H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
- H01M—PROCESSES OR MEANS, e.g. BATTERIES, FOR THE DIRECT CONVERSION OF CHEMICAL ENERGY INTO ELECTRICAL ENERGY
- H01M8/00—Fuel cells; Manufacture thereof
- H01M8/02—Details
- H01M8/0271—Sealing or supporting means around electrodes, matrices or membranes
- H01M8/0276—Sealing means characterised by their form
-
- H—ELECTRICITY
- H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
- H01M—PROCESSES OR MEANS, e.g. BATTERIES, FOR THE DIRECT CONVERSION OF CHEMICAL ENERGY INTO ELECTRICAL ENERGY
- H01M8/00—Fuel cells; Manufacture thereof
- H01M8/02—Details
- H01M8/0271—Sealing or supporting means around electrodes, matrices or membranes
- H01M8/0286—Processes for forming seals
-
- Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
- Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
- Y02E—REDUCTION OF GREENHOUSE GAS [GHG] EMISSIONS, RELATED TO ENERGY GENERATION, TRANSMISSION OR DISTRIBUTION
- Y02E60/00—Enabling technologies; Technologies with a potential or indirect contribution to GHG emissions mitigation
- Y02E60/30—Hydrogen technology
- Y02E60/50—Fuel cells
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- Life Sciences & Earth Sciences (AREA)
- Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- Manufacturing & Machinery (AREA)
- Sustainable Development (AREA)
- Sustainable Energy (AREA)
- Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
- Chemical Kinetics & Catalysis (AREA)
- Electrochemistry (AREA)
- General Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
- Fuel Cell (AREA)
Abstract
The invention relates to a sealing structure and a sealing method of a non-welded metal plate single cell, wherein the sealing structure comprises a single cell formed by stacking an anode plate, a membrane electrode and a cathode plate, an air main channel is communicated with a cathode flow field through an air side air inlet duct and a cathode plate air side boss, and a hydrogen main channel is communicated with the anode flow field through a hydrogen side air inlet duct and an anode plate hydrogen side boss; the anode plate empty side boss is communicated with the anode plate water side boss through a first channel, a first communication hole is formed in a membrane electrode frame between the anode plate water side boss and the cathode plate water side boss, the cathode plate water side boss is communicated with the cathode plate hydrogen side boss through a second channel, and a sealing ring is formed in the anode plate empty side boss, the first channel, the anode plate water side boss, the cathode plate water side boss, the second channel and the cathode plate hydrogen side boss through integral glue injection. The sealing structure and the sealing method are high in reliability, low in production cost and high in production efficiency.
Description
Technical Field
The invention belongs to the technical field of fuel cells, and particularly relates to a sealing structure and a sealing method of a non-welded metal plate single cell.
Background
Hydrogen fuel cells are a real-time power generation device that directly converts chemical energy into electrical energy, and fuel cells have been a very successful demonstration in the automotive field. Compared with an energy storage battery, the fuel cell has the remarkable characteristics of high power density, long endurance mileage, quick energy supplement, small attenuation, good low-temperature performance and the like. The current hydrogen fuel cell technology route is mainly divided into two types, namely a graphite bipolar plate and a metal bipolar plate. The metal bipolar plate has the advantages of light weight, good strength, small volume, good cold start performance due to small heat capacity and lower cost of mass production, and is favored in the field of passenger cars.
Bipolar plates are the core component of a fuel cell stack and have a decisive influence on the performance and cost of the stack. The bipolar plate has the main functions of transporting gas through a flow field on the surface, collecting and conducting current, heat and water generated by reaction. The traditional metal bipolar plate is formed by processing a cathode flow field plate and an anode flow field plate into a whole in a laser welding mode. The laser welding has the functions that two unipolar plates are welded to form a bipolar plate to transmit current, and the laser welding is used for realizing the isolation of three media. The unipolar flow field plate is made of titanium or SUS316L material, the thickness is generally 0.1mm or thinner, and defects such as welding through, ablation, welding slag splashing, cold welding, air holes and the like easily occur in the welding process, so that the product is scrapped. The welded bipolar plate may have warpage, poor adhesion, dislocation and other phenomena, which brings great challenges to the sealing ring of the bipolar plate and seriously affects the long-time stable operation of the fuel cell.
The coating of the bipolar plate is the guarantee of long-term and stable operation of the bipolar plate. The traditional metal bipolar plate is formed with a compact plating layer on the surface by adopting PVD and CVD modes after welding, and the processing mode has higher cost (the production cost of the coating accounts for 20-25% of the production cost of the metal plate in mass production). In order to reduce the cost of the fuel cell, some foreign enterprises develop precoated metal sheets which can be subjected to working procedures such as profiling, cutting, welding and the like, but the coating is easy to inevitably damage in the processing process, particularly in the welding link, so that the quality of the product is affected.
Current metal plate fuel cell stacks are commonly "half cell structures", that is, a "sandwich structure" of two bipolar plates and a membrane electrode is required. Compared with a half-cell structure, the single cell structure, namely, an independent single cell formed by a membrane cell and two flow field plates, has the following remarkable advantages: 1) The assembly, disassembly and replacement of the electric pile are more convenient, the efficiency is higher, and the electric pile is more suitable for mass production; 2) The membrane electrode is prevented from being polluted and physically and mechanically damaged in the disassembly and assembly processes; 3) The cathode and anode flow fields are prevented from being polluted; 4) The sealing reliability is high.
Sealing of the bipolar plates is one of the technical difficulties of the bipolar plates, and particularly, the performance of the sealing ring of the metal bipolar plates plays a crucial role in the reliability of long-term operation of the fuel cell stack. At present, the sealing ring of the bipolar plate mainly has two processing modes, namely, the sealing ring is pressed and then is attached to the bipolar plate in an adhesive mode, and the sealing ring is cured and formed after being glued on the bipolar plate in a glue dispensing mode.
The sealing rings are attached to each bipolar plate of the traditional half-cell structure, sealing can be formed between the sealing rings and the membrane electrode frame when the sealing rings are stacked, and the single-cell structure can be achieved by attaching one sealing ring between the two bipolar plates (namely, a single cell can be designed to be provided with the sealing rings on one side and not provided with the sealing rings on the other side), so that the number of the sealing rings can be halved, the production cost is reduced, and meanwhile, the production efficiency is improved.
As described above, because the seal rings are attached to both sides of the bipolar plate, each seal ring is very thin (typically less than 0.6 mm). If the thick compression amount of the sealing ring is too small, the sealing failure is easy to cause; if the thick compression amount of the sealing ring is too large, the stress of the sealing ring is too large, and the thickness of the sealing ring can fluctuate within a certain range due to the processing characteristics of rubber, so that the design and processing difficulty of the sealing ring are very high.
If the bipolar plate sealing rings are processed by adopting a bonding method, bonding glue is firstly required to be coated on the polar plates, a plurality of tools are also required to ensure the position degree of each sealing ring, and the production efficiency is extremely low. If the tool is not used for lamination, once the sealing ring is misplaced, the sealing failure is easy to cause.
If the metal plate is directly glued by dispensing, the following problems exist: 1. after the bipolar plate is welded, certain deformation exists, for example, the bipolar plate is restrained by using no tool, and the thickness of the sealing ring after dispensing can be changed due to the fact that the bipolar plate is not smooth enough, so that the sealing performance and reliability are affected; 2. the tooling design is very complex, so that the dispensing production efficiency is low, and the manufacturing cost of the whole tooling is low; 3. the glue starting point and the glue receiving point when the sealing ring is used for dispensing glue and the widths and the thicknesses of the sealing rings at all joints have certain deviation, so that the difficulty of dispensing glue is very high and the rejection rate is high; 4. after one side of the adhesive is dispensed, the adhesive needs to be cured for a long time (1-3 hours) before the other side of the adhesive can be dispensed, and a large operation field is needed for placing the semi-finished product.
When the metal bipolar plates are produced in batches, the production cost of the sealing ring accounts for 30% -35% of the production cost of the whole bipolar plate, and in order to overcome various difficulties in the production process of the sealing ring of the bipolar plate, the sealing technology is necessary to be researched and innovated.
Disclosure of Invention
The invention aims to provide a sealing structure and a sealing method of a non-welded metal plate single cell, which are high in reliability, low in production cost and high in production efficiency.
In order to achieve the above purpose, the invention adopts the following technical scheme: the sealing structure of the non-welded metal plate single cell comprises a single cell formed by stacking an anode plate, a membrane electrode and a cathode plate, wherein the membrane electrode consists of a membrane electrode main body in the middle part and a membrane electrode frame at the periphery of the membrane electrode main body, the middle part of the single cell is a flow field area with an anode flow field, a cooling flow field and a cathode flow field, and an air main channel, a cooling main channel and a hydrogen main channel which are respectively communicated with the cathode flow field, the cooling flow field and the anode flow field are arranged on the left side and the right side of the flow field area; the air main channel, the cooling main channel and the hydrogen main channel on the anode plate are respectively provided with a circle of anode plate empty side boss, an anode plate water side boss and an anode plate hydrogen side boss, the air main channel, the cooling main channel and the hydrogen main channel on the cathode plate are respectively provided with a circle of cathode plate empty side boss, a cathode plate water side boss and a cathode plate hydrogen side boss, the air main channel is communicated with the cathode flow field through an empty side air duct between the cathode plate and the membrane electrode frame, and is communicated with the anode flow field through a hydrogen side air duct between the anode plate and the membrane electrode frame, and is communicated with the anode flow field through the anode plate hydrogen side boss; the anode plate blank boss is communicated with the anode plate water boss through a first channel, a first communication hole is formed in a membrane electrode frame between the anode plate water boss and the cathode plate water boss, the cathode plate water boss is communicated with the cathode plate hydrogen boss through a second channel, a first glue injection hole is formed in the anode plate blank boss, the anode plate water boss, the cathode plate water boss or the cathode plate hydrogen boss, and a sealing ring is formed in the anode plate blank boss, the first channel, the anode plate water boss, the cathode plate water boss, the second channel and the cathode plate hydrogen boss through integral glue injection.
Further, the anode plate empty side boss, the first channel, the anode plate water side boss, the cathode plate water side boss, the second channel, the cathode plate hydrogen side boss and the cathode plate empty side boss are respectively provided with a sealing ring at the upper sides of the anode plate hydrogen side boss.
Further, a second communication hole is formed in the empty side boss of the anode plate so as to form a sealing ring on the upper side of the empty side boss of the anode plate during integral glue injection; a third communication hole is formed in the anode plate water side boss so as to form a first channel and a sealing ring on the upper side of the anode plate water side boss during integral glue injection; a fourth communication hole is formed in the cathode plate water side boss so as to form a cathode plate water side boss and a sealing ring on the upper side of the second channel during integral glue injection; a fifth communication hole is formed in the cathode plate hydrogen side boss so as to form a sealing ring on the upper side of the cathode plate hydrogen side boss during integral glue injection; one of the second, third, fourth and fifth communication holes is the first glue injection hole.
Further, the anode plate and the cathode plate at the edge of the single cell are correspondingly provided with a circle of anode plate outer sealing boss and a circle of cathode plate outer sealing boss, a sixth communication hole is formed in a membrane electrode frame between the anode plate outer sealing boss and the cathode plate outer sealing boss, a second glue injection hole is formed in the anode plate outer sealing boss or the cathode plate outer sealing boss, and a sealing ring is formed in the anode plate outer sealing boss and the cathode plate outer sealing boss through integral glue injection.
Further, sealing rings are arranged on the upper sides of the anode plate outer sealing boss and the cathode plate outer sealing boss.
Further, a seventh communication hole is formed in the outer sealing boss of the anode plate so as to form a sealing ring on the upper side of the outer sealing boss of the anode plate during integral glue injection; an eighth communication hole is formed in the outer sealing boss of the cathode plate so as to form a sealing ring at the upper side of the outer sealing boss of the cathode plate during integral glue injection, and one of the seventh communication hole and the eighth communication hole is a second glue injection hole.
Further, the sealing structure is provided with a glue injection mould, the glue injection mould is composed of a glue injection mould and a glue injection lower mould which are respectively covered on the anode plate and the cathode plate, the lower side surface of the glue injection mould and the upper side surface of the glue injection lower mould are respectively provided with grooves for forming sealing rings on the upper sides of each boss, the first channel and the second channel, the glue injection mould is provided with four glue injection ports, and the four glue injection ports are respectively communicated with the first glue injection hole, the second glue injection hole, the upper grooves of the empty bosses of the cathode plate and the upper grooves of the hydrogen bosses of the anode plate through the glue injection channels.
The invention also provides a sealing method of the non-welded metal plate single cell, which comprises the following steps:
The glue injection die and the glue injection lower die of the glue injection die are clamped on the upper side and the lower side of the single cell;
Injecting sealing materials from the first glue injection port, and forming sealing rings on the inner sides and the upper sides of the anode plate empty side boss, the first channel, the anode plate water side boss, the cathode plate water side boss, the second channel and the cathode plate hydrogen side boss through integral glue injection;
Injecting sealing materials from the second glue injection port and the third glue injection port respectively, and forming sealing rings on the upper sides of the empty side bosses of the cathode plate and the hydrogen side bosses of the anode plate by glue injection;
and injecting sealing materials from the fourth glue injection port, and forming sealing rings on the inner sides and the upper sides of the anode plate outer sealing boss and the cathode plate outer sealing boss through integral glue injection.
Compared with the prior art, the invention has the following beneficial effects: the invention realizes the formation of the main sealing ring on the bipolar plate single cell by the integrated glue injection through ingenious communication structure design, overcomes the problem that the metal bipolar plate is isolated by adopting a welding process, and can be manufactured by using a precoated metal plate because the glue injection is used for replacing welding, thereby reducing the coating process of the bipolar plate, greatly reducing the production cost of the bipolar plate, improving the production efficiency, and more importantly, improving the sealing effectiveness and reliability, and further improving the yield of the bipolar plate single cell. The bipolar plate does not generate thermal deformation due to no welding process, and is beneficial to the processing of subsequent processes and the assembly of a galvanic pile. In addition, the sealing ring of the single cell can be processed in a few minutes, so that a large number of complicated tools in the processing process of the bipolar plate sealing ring are omitted, and the production efficiency is greatly improved. Therefore, the invention has strong practicability and wide application prospect.
Drawings
Fig. 1 is a schematic view of an anode plate of a single cell according to an embodiment of the present invention.
Fig. 2 is a schematic view of a cathode plate structure of a single cell in an embodiment of the present invention.
Fig. 3 is a schematic cross-sectional view of a flow field region of a single cell in an embodiment of the invention.
Fig. 4 is a schematic view of a sealing structure of a single cell in an embodiment of the present invention.
Fig. 5 is a schematic view illustrating a state in which a single cell is clamped in an injection mold according to an embodiment of the present invention.
Fig. 6 is a schematic view of a stacked structure of unit cells in an embodiment of the present invention.
In the figure: 1-anode plate, 101-anode plate empty side boss, 102-anode plate water side boss, 103-anode plate hydrogen side boss, 104-anode plate outer seal boss, 2-membrane electrode, 201-membrane electrode main body, 202-membrane electrode frame, 3-cathode plate, 301-cathode plate empty side boss, 302-cathode plate water side boss, 303-cathode plate hydrogen side boss, 304-cathode plate outer seal boss, 4-flow field area, 401-anode flow field, 402 cooling flow field, 403-cathode flow field, 5-air main channel, 6-cooling main channel, 7-hydrogen main channel, 8-air side air intake duct, 9-hydrogen side air intake duct, 10-first channel, 11-second channel, 12-first glue injection hole, 13-second glue injection hole, 14-glue injection die, 15-glue injection lower die, 16-first glue injection port, 17-second glue injection port, 18-third glue injection port, 19-fourth glue injection port, 20-empty side seal ring, 21-empty water seal ring, 22-water side seal ring, 23-hydrogen side seal ring, 24-hydrogen seal ring, 25-outer seal ring.
Detailed Description
The invention will be described in further detail with reference to the accompanying drawings and specific examples.
As shown in fig. 1-6, the present embodiment provides a sealing structure of a non-welded metal plate single cell, including a single cell formed by stacking an anode plate 1, a membrane electrode 2 and a cathode plate 3, wherein the membrane electrode is composed of a membrane electrode main body 201 in the middle and a membrane electrode frame 202 on the periphery of the membrane electrode main body, the middle of the single cell is a flow field area 4 with an anode flow field 401, a cooling flow field 402 and a cathode flow field 403, and air main channels 5, cooling main channels 6 and hydrogen main channels 7 respectively communicated with the cathode flow field, the cooling flow field and the anode flow field are arranged on the left and right sides of the flow field area 4; the air main channel, the cooling main channel and the hydrogen main channel on the anode plate 1 are respectively provided with a circle of anode plate empty side boss 101, an anode plate water side boss 102 and an anode plate hydrogen side boss 103, the air main channel, the cooling main channel and the hydrogen main channel on the cathode plate 3 are respectively provided with a circle of cathode plate empty side boss 301, a cathode plate water side boss 302 and a cathode plate hydrogen side boss 303, the air main channel 5 is communicated with a cathode flow field 403 through an empty side air duct 8 between the cathode plate and a membrane electrode frame, passes through the cathode plate empty side boss 301 and is communicated with the anode flow field 401 through a hydrogen side air duct 9 between the anode plate and the membrane electrode frame, and passes through the anode plate hydrogen side boss 103 and is communicated with the anode flow field 401; the anode plate empty side boss 101 is communicated with the anode plate water side boss 102 through a first channel 10, a first communication hole is formed in a membrane electrode frame between the anode plate water side boss 102 and the cathode plate water side boss 302, the cathode plate water side boss 302 is communicated with the cathode plate hydrogen side boss 303 through a second channel 11, a first glue injection hole 12 is formed in the anode plate empty side boss, the anode plate water side boss, the cathode plate water side boss or the cathode plate hydrogen side boss, and a sealing ring is formed in the anode plate empty side boss 101, the first channel 10, the anode plate water side boss 102, the cathode plate water side boss 302, the second channel 11 and the cathode plate hydrogen side boss 303 through integral glue injection.
The anode plate blank boss 101, the first channel 10, the anode plate water boss 102, the cathode plate water boss 302, the second channel 11, the cathode plate hydrogen boss 303, the cathode plate blank boss 301 and the anode plate hydrogen boss 103 are all provided with sealing rings. In this embodiment, the empty boss of the anode plate is provided with a second communication hole, so as to form a sealing ring on the upper side of the empty boss of the anode plate during integral glue injection. A third communication hole is formed in the anode plate water side boss so as to form a first channel and a sealing ring on the upper side of the anode plate water side boss during integral glue injection; a fourth communication hole is formed in the cathode plate water side boss so as to form a cathode plate water side boss and a sealing ring on the upper side of the second channel during integral glue injection; the cathode plate hydrogen side boss is provided with a fifth communication hole so as to form a sealing ring on the upper side of the cathode plate hydrogen side boss during integral glue injection. One of the second, third, fourth and fifth communication holes is the first glue injection hole.
In order to realize the sealing of the single cell edge, a circle of anode plate outer sealing boss 104 and a circle of cathode plate outer sealing boss 304 are correspondingly arranged on the anode plate 1 and the cathode plate 3 at the single cell edge, a sixth communication hole is formed in the membrane electrode frame 202 between the anode plate outer sealing boss 104 and the cathode plate outer sealing boss 304, a second glue injection hole 13 is formed in the anode plate outer sealing boss or the cathode plate outer sealing boss, and a sealing ring is formed in the anode plate outer sealing boss 104 and the cathode plate outer sealing boss 304 through integral glue injection. And sealing rings are respectively arranged on the upper sides of the anode plate outer sealing boss 104 and the cathode plate outer sealing boss 304. In this embodiment, a seventh communication hole is formed on the outer sealing boss of the anode plate, so as to form a sealing ring on the upper side of the outer sealing boss of the anode plate during integral glue injection; an eighth communication hole is formed in the outer sealing boss of the cathode plate so as to form a sealing ring at the upper side of the outer sealing boss of the cathode plate during integral glue injection, and one of the seventh communication hole and the eighth communication hole is a second glue injection hole.
By means of glue injection, sealing rings 20-25 as shown in fig. 4 are formed.
In this embodiment, the sealing structure is provided with a glue injection mold, the glue injection mold is composed of a glue injection mold 14 and a glue injection lower mold 15 which are respectively covered on the anode plate 1 and the cathode plate 3, the lower side surface of the glue injection mold and the upper side surface of the glue injection lower mold are respectively provided with grooves for forming each boss and sealing rings on the upper sides of the first channel and the second channel, four glue injection ports 16-19 are arranged on the glue injection mold, and the four glue injection ports are respectively communicated with the first glue injection hole, the second glue injection hole, the grooves on the upper sides of the empty bosses of the cathode plate and the grooves on the upper sides of the hydrogen bosses of the anode plate through the glue injection channels.
The invention also provides a sealing method for realizing the sealing structure, which comprises the following steps:
The glue injection die and the glue injection lower die of the glue injection die are clamped on the upper side and the lower side of the single cell;
Injecting sealing materials from the first glue injection port, and forming sealing rings on the inner sides and the upper sides of the anode plate empty side boss, the first channel, the anode plate water side boss, the cathode plate water side boss, the second channel and the cathode plate hydrogen side boss through integral glue injection;
Injecting sealing materials from the second glue injection port and the third glue injection port respectively, and forming sealing rings on the upper sides of the empty side bosses of the cathode plate and the hydrogen side bosses of the anode plate by glue injection;
and injecting sealing materials from the fourth glue injection port, and forming sealing rings on the inner sides and the upper sides of the anode plate outer sealing boss and the cathode plate outer sealing boss through integral glue injection.
The various materials used in the invention are all common materials of fuel cells, the metal flow field plate adopts a precoated stainless steel plate, the membrane electrode frame can adopt PI, PET or other materials, and the sealing ring can adopt silica gel or ethylene propylene diene monomer rubber according to the requirement.
Medium flow direction description:
1. Flow path of hydrogen: when hydrogen flows through each single cell in the hydrogen main channel, the gas flow can only flow to each single cell because the end plate hydrogen channel openings in the end plate of the electric pile are closed. If the hydrogen enters the flow field plate from the air inlet duct, the hydrogen flows out from the hydrogen outlet end in the flow channel direction, which is the normal hydrogen working path; if the hydrogen does not enter the air inlet duct, the hydrogen can meet the blocking of the sealing ring of the hydrogen port and cannot enter the cooling flow field; at the position of the gas port, the cathode flow field plate and the frame of the membrane electrode are not bonded, in theory, hydrogen is possibly present between the frame of the membrane electrode and the cathode plate, but the cathode plate is provided with a boss at the position of the hydrogen port, rubber is filled in the boss, a hydrogen diffusion passage is isolated, and the cathode flow field plate and the membrane electrode are bonded into a whole. Therefore, the hydrogen gas forms the only passage from the hydrogen gas inlet main channel, the inlet duct, the anode flow field and the hydrogen gas outlet.
2. Flow path of the cooling liquid: when the cells are stacked, a gap is formed between the two single cells at the opening of the main cooling liquid channel, and the cooling liquid can flow out from the gap, uniformly spread over the whole cooling flow field and then flow out from the cooling flow field. When the cooling liquid flows through the cooling flow field, the outer sealing ring can prevent the cooling liquid from leaking outwards; the sealing ring at the passage opening can prevent the leakage of the cooling liquid to the hydrogen passage opening and the air passage opening; the cathode flow field plate and the anode flow field plate are respectively provided with a boss filled with rubber at the main passage opening of the cooling liquid, so that the leakage path of the cooling liquid to the cathode flow field and the anode flow field is isolated, and the cathode flow field plate, the anode flow field plate and the anode flow field plate are bonded into a whole. Thus, the cooling fluid is the only passage from the cooling fluid inlet main channel, the cooling flow field and the cooling fluid outlet main channel.
3. The flow path of the air is basically consistent with the flow path principle of the hydrogen, and the air also passes through the flow field from the air inlet duct to the outlet position.
Medium sealing description:
hydrogen to air: as mentioned before, the cathode plate is provided with a boss around the main hydrogen channel, and rubber is filled in the boss to isolate the passage of hydrogen to air.
Hydrogen gas to the outside: the anode flow field plate is provided with a closed ring (the cathode is the same) with a boss at the outermost part, rubber is filled in the boss, and a passage for hydrogen to leak outside in a flow field area is isolated.
Hydrogen versus cooling liquid: and a sealing ring at the opening of the main hydrogen passage isolates a passage for leakage of hydrogen to the cooling liquid.
Air versus hydrogen: consistent with the hydrogen to air principle.
Hydrogen gas to the outside: consistent with the air-to-hydrogen principle.
Hydrogen gas to the outside: consistent with the external principle of air.
Cooling liquid is used for hydrogen and air: sealing rings at the openings of the hydrogen and air main channels isolate leakage of the cooling liquid to the openings of the hydrogen and air main channels; the female flow field plate and the male flow field plate are respectively provided with a boss at the main channel port of the cooling liquid, and are filled with rubber, so that leakage of the cooling liquid to the female flow field and the anode flow field is isolated.
The membrane electrode is provided with a certain number of glue injection holes, so that the glue can be connected with a glue path, after glue is injected from the glue injection holes of the upper die, the glue can enter the outer sealing boss of the cathode plate of the lower die through the glue injection holes on the frame of the membrane electrode, the outer sealing ring of the single cell and the interelectrode seal can be molded at one time, and the two cavities are connected into a whole due to the through of the frame of the membrane electrode; similarly, the glue material is injected into the anode plate from the upper die, and the glue material fills the closed cavity formed by the anode plate and the membrane electrode frame because the glue injection holes are formed on the air inlet boss of the anode plate, but the glue material cannot enter the air inlet duct of the cathode plate because the glue injection holes are formed on the membrane electrode; because the empty side boss of the anode plate is connected with the water side boss, the sizing material can fill up the cavity in the water side boss, enter into the water side boss of the cathode plate through the glue injection hole on the membrane electrode, and finally fill up the hydrogen side boss of the cathode plate.
The glue injection holes are formed in the membrane electrode, so that the number of the glue injection holes of the membrane can be greatly reduced, and the waste of glue is reduced.
The above is a preferred embodiment of the present invention, and all changes made according to the technical solution of the present invention belong to the protection scope of the present invention when the generated functional effects do not exceed the scope of the technical solution of the present invention.
Claims (7)
1. The sealing structure of the non-welded metal plate single cell is characterized by comprising a single cell formed by stacking an anode plate, a membrane electrode and a cathode plate, wherein the membrane electrode consists of a membrane electrode main body in the middle and a membrane electrode frame at the periphery of the membrane electrode main body, the middle of the single cell is a flow field area with an anode flow field, a cooling flow field and a cathode flow field, and an air main channel, a cooling main channel and a hydrogen main channel which are respectively communicated with the cathode flow field, the cooling flow field and the anode flow field are arranged on the left side and the right side of the flow field area; the air main channel, the cooling main channel and the hydrogen main channel on the anode plate are respectively provided with a circle of anode plate empty side boss, an anode plate water side boss and an anode plate hydrogen side boss, the air main channel, the cooling main channel and the hydrogen main channel on the cathode plate are respectively provided with a circle of cathode plate empty side boss, a cathode plate water side boss and a cathode plate hydrogen side boss, the air main channel is communicated with the cathode flow field through an empty side air duct between the cathode plate and the membrane electrode frame, and is communicated with the anode flow field through a hydrogen side air duct between the anode plate and the membrane electrode frame, and is communicated with the anode flow field through the anode plate hydrogen side boss; the anode plate blank boss is communicated with the anode plate water boss through a first channel, a first communication hole is formed in a membrane electrode frame between the anode plate water boss and the cathode plate water boss, the cathode plate water boss is communicated with the cathode plate hydrogen boss through a second channel, a first glue injection hole is formed in the anode plate blank boss, the anode plate water boss, the cathode plate water boss or the cathode plate hydrogen boss, and a sealing ring is formed in the anode plate blank boss, the first channel, the anode plate water boss, the cathode plate water boss, the second channel and the cathode plate hydrogen boss through integral glue injection; the sealing ring adopts silica gel or ethylene propylene diene monomer rubber.
2. The sealing structure of the non-welded metal plate single cell according to claim 1, wherein the anode plate empty-side boss, the first channel, the anode plate water-side boss, the cathode plate water-side boss, the second channel, the cathode plate hydrogen-side boss, the cathode plate empty-side boss, and the anode plate hydrogen-side boss upper sides are provided with sealing rings.
3. The sealing structure of a non-welded metal plate cell according to claim 2, wherein the anode plate empty-side boss is provided with a second communication hole to form a sealing ring on the upper side of the anode plate empty-side boss when the glue is integrally injected; a third communication hole is formed in the anode plate water side boss so as to form a first channel and a sealing ring on the upper side of the anode plate water side boss during integral glue injection; a fourth communication hole is formed in the cathode plate water side boss so as to form a cathode plate water side boss and a sealing ring on the upper side of the second channel during integral glue injection; a fifth communication hole is formed in the cathode plate hydrogen side boss so as to form a sealing ring on the upper side of the cathode plate hydrogen side boss during integral glue injection; one of the second, third, fourth and fifth communication holes is the first glue injection hole.
4. The sealing structure of the non-welded metal plate single cell according to claim 3, wherein a circle of anode plate outer sealing boss and a circle of cathode plate outer sealing boss are correspondingly arranged on the anode plate and the cathode plate at the edge of the single cell, a sixth communication hole is formed in a membrane electrode frame between the anode plate outer sealing boss and the cathode plate outer sealing boss, a second glue injection hole is formed in the anode plate outer sealing boss or the cathode plate outer sealing boss, and a sealing ring is formed in the anode plate outer sealing boss and the cathode plate outer sealing boss through integral glue injection.
5. The sealing structure of the non-welded metal plate single cell according to claim 4, wherein sealing rings are arranged on the upper sides of the anode plate outer sealing boss and the cathode plate outer sealing boss.
6. The sealing structure of a non-welded metal plate cell as claimed in claim 5, wherein a seventh communication hole is formed on the outer sealing boss of the anode plate so as to form a sealing ring on the upper side of the outer sealing boss of the anode plate when the glue is integrally injected; an eighth communication hole is formed in the outer sealing boss of the cathode plate so as to form a sealing ring at the upper side of the outer sealing boss of the cathode plate during integral glue injection, and one of the seventh communication hole and the eighth communication hole is a second glue injection hole.
7. A sealing method for a non-welded metal plate cell for realizing the sealing structure according to any one of claims 1 to 6, comprising the steps of:
The glue injection die and the glue injection lower die of the glue injection die are clamped on the upper side and the lower side of the single cell;
Injecting sealing materials from the first glue injection port, and forming sealing rings on the inner sides and the upper sides of the anode plate empty side boss, the first channel, the anode plate water side boss, the cathode plate water side boss, the second channel and the cathode plate hydrogen side boss through integral glue injection;
Injecting sealing materials from the second glue injection port and the third glue injection port respectively, and forming sealing rings on the upper sides of the empty side bosses of the cathode plate and the hydrogen side bosses of the anode plate by glue injection;
and injecting sealing materials from the fourth glue injection port, and forming sealing rings on the inner sides and the upper sides of the anode plate outer sealing boss and the cathode plate outer sealing boss through integral glue injection.
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| CN113385372B (en) * | 2021-06-11 | 2022-08-02 | 广州市黄埔乐天实业有限公司 | Integrated glue injection machine, glue injection equipment and glue injection molding process for fuel cell sealing ring |
| CN113385371B (en) * | 2021-06-11 | 2022-08-02 | 广州市黄埔乐天实业有限公司 | Fuel cell sealing ring glue injection machine, glue injection equipment and glue injection molding process |
| CN113745563B (en) * | 2021-07-30 | 2023-06-20 | 东风汽车集团股份有限公司 | Bipolar plate assembly, manufacturing process thereof, electric pile and fuel cell vehicle |
| CN114824354B (en) * | 2022-05-27 | 2023-10-27 | 上海电气集团股份有限公司 | Method for preparing single cell of fuel cell |
| CN115084570B (en) * | 2022-08-11 | 2022-11-08 | 北京开元新能科技有限公司 | Glue injection structure for bipolar plate and glue injection sealed bipolar plate |
| CN116470087B (en) * | 2023-04-21 | 2024-04-05 | 上海氢晨新能源科技有限公司 | Fuel cell bipolar plate and fuel cell |
| CN116895781B (en) * | 2023-09-04 | 2023-12-15 | 上海治臻新能源股份有限公司 | Fuel cell unit cell and fuel cell stack |
| CN116960388A (en) * | 2023-09-18 | 2023-10-27 | 上海治臻新能源股份有限公司 | Integrated fuel cell single cell and fuel cell stack |
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| CN109346660A (en) * | 2018-09-30 | 2019-02-15 | 广州市凯捷电源实业有限公司 | A kind of hybrid battery |
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