CN112700704A - Knee fold structure simulation method and device - Google Patents
Knee fold structure simulation method and device Download PDFInfo
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- CN112700704A CN112700704A CN202011402581.3A CN202011402581A CN112700704A CN 112700704 A CN112700704 A CN 112700704A CN 202011402581 A CN202011402581 A CN 202011402581A CN 112700704 A CN112700704 A CN 112700704A
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- G09B23/00—Models for scientific, medical, or mathematical purposes, e.g. full-sized devices for demonstration purposes
- G09B23/40—Models for scientific, medical, or mathematical purposes, e.g. full-sized devices for demonstration purposes for geology
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Abstract
The application provides a knee fold structure simulation method and a knee fold structure simulation device, wherein the knee fold structure simulation method comprises the following steps: determining the thicknesses and rigidity strengths of a plurality of structural layers according to geological structure data of an exploration area; determining the position, thickness and stiffness strength of the deformable medium corresponding to the upper sliding layer, the knee-fold deformation layer and the lower sliding layer, respectively; determining the formation pressure on the upper slippage layer based on the thickness of the overlying pressure formation, and converting the formation pressure into vertical load stress; determining the extrusion proportion of the knee bending deformation layer, and converting the extrusion proportion of the knee bending deformation layer into the target extrusion proportion of a second deformable medium; and applying transverse extrusion stress to the second deformable medium while applying vertical load stress to the first deformable medium until the second deformable medium is extruded to a target length value to obtain a knee fold structure simulation result, thereby accurately simulating the formation process of the knee fold structure and improving the accuracy of geological exploration.
Description
Technical Field
The application relates to the technical field of tectogeology, in particular to a knee fracture structure simulation method and device.
Background
The knee-fold belt is also called a kink belt, and is accompanied with the formation of expansion and fracture of stratum in the formation process, and the knee-fold structure is very common fold deformation of a multilayer rock system under the action of horizontal shearing and bending sliding. For the exploration and development of petroleum and natural gas, the knee-fold structure has important influence on the migration of oil and gas resources, the enrichment of mineral deposits and the like.
In the oil-gas exploration process, because the forming mechanism of the knee fold belt is not clear, the judgment of the knee fold structure is inaccurate, and the oil-gas exploration result is inaccurate.
For the above technical problems, in the prior art, a digitized model is usually adopted to simulate the formation of a knee-fold structure, that is, a geological model is established on a computer, and the motion parameters of geological structures on two adjacent sides of the unformed knee-fold structure are set and executed, so that the geological structures on two sides extrude the unformed knee-fold belt, the knee-fold structure is simulated and formed, and finally, the formation process and the formation mechanism of the knee-fold structure are obtained. Obviously, the method only considers the motion change of geological structures on two sides of the knee-fold structure, and ignores the geological conditions forming the geological structures, namely the difference between stratum media inside the geological structures, so that the knee-fold structure simulated by the method is still inaccurate.
Disclosure of Invention
In view of the above, the present application provides a method and an apparatus for simulating a knee fold structure, which can accurately simulate a formation process of the knee fold structure, thereby improving accuracy of geological exploration.
An aspect of the present application provides a knee fold configuration simulation method, including:
determining the thickness and the rigidity strength of a plurality of structural layers according to geological structure data of an exploration area, wherein the plurality of structural layers comprise an overlying pressure stratum, an upper sliding layer, a knee-fold deformation layer and a lower sliding layer which are sequentially distributed from top to bottom;
determining the position, thickness and stiffness strength of a first deformable medium, a second deformable medium and a third deformable medium, respectively, based on the position, thickness and stiffness strength of the upper sliding layer, the knee-fold deformable layer and the lower sliding layer, the first deformable medium, the second deformable medium and the third deformable medium each being obtained by stacking a plurality of sheet media, the first deformable medium, the second deformable medium and the third deformable medium being used to characterize the geological architecture of the upper sliding layer, the knee-fold deformable layer and the lower sliding layer, respectively;
determining a formation pressure applied by the overburden pressure formation to the upper sliding layer based on the thickness of the overburden pressure formation and converting the formation pressure to a vertical load stress applied to the first deformable medium;
determining the extrusion proportion of the knee-fold deformation layer, and converting the extrusion proportion of the knee-fold deformation layer into the target extrusion proportion of the second deformable medium, wherein the extrusion proportion of the knee-fold deformation layer is the ratio of the original seismic section length of the knee-fold deformation layer to the seismic section length after recovery of wrinkle removal;
applying the vertical load stress to the first deformable medium and applying a transverse extrusion stress to the second deformable medium at the same time, wherein the transverse extrusion stress is used for extruding the second deformable medium to a target length value according to the target extrusion proportion;
and when the second deformable medium is extruded to the target length value, stopping applying the transverse extrusion stress to obtain a knee-fold structure simulation result.
Optionally, the determining the thickness and the stiffness of each formation layer according to the geological structure data of the exploration area includes:
acquiring a seismic recording section map of the exploration area, wherein the seismic recording section map is a section image of a low-wave impedance reflection interface;
dividing the stratum of the exploration area into a plurality of structural layers based on the seismic recording profile, wherein the plurality of structural layers are different in material composition, structural characteristics and structural characteristics;
determining a thickness of each build layer of the plurality of build layers based on the structural features and the build features;
determining a stiffness strength of each of the plurality of build layers based on the material composition.
Optionally, said determining the position, thickness and stiffness strength of a first deformable medium, a second deformable medium and a third deformable medium, respectively, from the position, thickness and stiffness strength of said upper sliding layer, said knee-fold deformation layer and said lower sliding layer comprises:
stacking the third deformable medium, the second deformable medium, and the first deformable medium in sequence from bottom to top according to the positions of the upper sliding layer, the knee-fold deformation layer, and the lower sliding layer;
converting the thicknesses of the upper sliding layer, the knee-fold deformation layer and the lower sliding layer into the thicknesses of the first deformable medium, the second deformable medium and the third deformable medium, respectively, according to a first preset conversion ratio;
the rigidity strengths of the sheet media constituting the first deformable medium, the second deformable medium, and the third deformable medium are determined according to the rigidity strengths of the upper sliding layer, the knee-fold deformation layer, and the lower sliding layer, respectively.
Optionally, said determining a formation pressure applied by said overburden pressure formation to said upper sliding layer based on a thickness of said overburden pressure formation and converting said formation pressure to a vertical load stress applied to said first deformable medium comprises:
calculating a formation pressure value applied by the overlying pressure formation to the upper sliding layer according to the hydrostatic pressure gradient of the exploration area and the thickness of the overlying pressure formation;
converting the formation pressure value into a simulated formation pressure value according to a second preset conversion proportion, wherein the simulated formation pressure value is used for simulating the pressure value suffered by the first deformable medium;
calculating a simulated pressure value corresponding to the simulated formation pressure value according to the following formula:
F＝PS；
wherein P represents the simulated formation pressure value, S represents the stressed area of the first deformable medium, and F represents the simulated pressure value;
and determining the simulated pressure value as the vertical load stress applied to the first deformable medium.
Optionally, the determining the extrusion ratio of the knee-fold deformation layer and converting the extrusion ratio of the knee-fold deformation layer into the target extrusion ratio of the second deformable medium includes:
obtaining a first length value of an original seismic section of the knee-fold deformation layer;
recovering and removing folds of the original seismic section of the knee-fold deformation layer to obtain a second length value, wherein the ratio of the first length value to the second length value is the extrusion proportion of the knee-fold deformation layer;
and taking the extrusion proportion of the knee-fold deformation layer as the target extrusion proportion of the second deformable medium, and reducing the original length value of the second deformable medium according to the target extrusion proportion to obtain the target length value.
Another aspect of the present application is to provide a knee fold configuration simulation apparatus, the apparatus comprising a control mechanism and an actuator,
the control mechanism configured to:
determining the thickness and the rigidity strength of a plurality of structural layers according to geological structure data of an exploration area, wherein the plurality of structural layers comprise an overlying pressure stratum, an upper sliding layer, a knee-fold deformation layer and a lower sliding layer which are sequentially distributed from top to bottom;
determining the position, thickness and stiffness strength of a first deformable medium, a second deformable medium and a third deformable medium, respectively, based on the position, thickness and stiffness strength of the upper sliding layer, the knee-fold deformable layer and the lower sliding layer, the first deformable medium, the second deformable medium and the third deformable medium each being obtained by stacking a plurality of sheet media, the first deformable medium, the second deformable medium and the third deformable medium being used to characterize the geological architecture of the upper sliding layer, the knee-fold deformable layer and the lower sliding layer, respectively;
determining a formation pressure applied by the overburden pressure formation to the upper sliding layer based on the thickness of the overburden pressure formation and converting the formation pressure to a vertical load stress applied to the first deformable medium;
converting the extrusion proportion of the knee-fold deformation layer into a target extrusion proportion of the second deformable medium according to the extrusion proportion of the knee-fold deformation layer, wherein the extrusion proportion of the knee-fold deformation layer is the ratio of the original seismic section length of the knee-fold deformation layer to the seismic section length after recovery of wrinkle removal;
sending the vertical load stress and the target extrusion ratio to the actuating mechanism;
the actuator configured to:
receiving the vertical load stress and the target extrusion ratio sent by the control mechanism;
applying the vertical load stress to the first deformable medium and applying a transverse extrusion stress to the second deformable medium at the same time, wherein the transverse extrusion stress is used for extruding the second deformable medium to a target length value according to a target extrusion proportion;
and stopping applying the transverse extrusion stress when the second deformable medium is extruded to the target length value.
Optionally, the control mechanism comprises:
a first acquisition subunit configured to acquire a seismic recording profile of the exploration area, the seismic recording profile being a profile image of a low-wave impedance reflection interface;
a partitioning subunit configured to partition the strata of the exploration area into the plurality of tectonic layers based on the seismic recording profile, the plurality of tectonic layers differing in material composition, structural characteristics, and tectonic characteristics;
a first determining subunit configured to determine a thickness of each of the plurality of build layers based on the structural features and the build features;
a second determining subunit configured to determine a stiffness strength of each of the plurality of build layers based on the material composition.
Optionally, the actuator comprises:
a stacking subunit configured to stack the third deformable medium, the second deformable medium, and the first deformable medium in order from bottom to top according to positions of the upper sliding layer, the knee fold deformation layer, and the lower sliding layer;
the control mechanism further includes:
a first conversion subunit configured to convert the thicknesses of the upper sliding layer, the knee fold deformation layer, and the lower sliding layer into the thicknesses of the first deformable medium, the second deformable medium, and the third deformable medium, respectively, at a first preset conversion ratio;
a third determining subunit configured to determine rigidity strengths of sheet media constituting the first deformable medium, the second deformable medium, and the third deformable medium, respectively, from rigidity strengths of the upper sliding layer, the knee-fold deformable layer, and the lower sliding layer.
Optionally, the control mechanism further comprises:
a first calculation subunit configured to calculate a formation pressure value exerted by the overburden on the upper sliding layer from a hydrostatic pressure gradient of the exploration area and a thickness of the overburden;
the second conversion subunit is configured to convert the formation pressure value into a simulated formation pressure value according to a second preset conversion proportion, wherein the simulated formation pressure value is used for simulating a pressure value to which the first deformable medium is subjected;
a second calculating subunit, configured to calculate a simulated pressure value corresponding to the simulated formation pressure value according to the following formula:
F＝PS；
wherein P represents the simulated formation pressure value, S represents the stressed area of the first deformable medium, and F represents the simulated pressure value;
a fourth determining subunit configured to determine the simulated pressure value as a vertical load stress exerted on the first deformable medium.
Optionally, the control mechanism further comprises:
a second obtaining unit configured to obtain a first length value of an original seismic section of the knee-fold deformation layer;
the third obtaining unit is configured to recover and remove folds of the original seismic section of the knee-fold deformation layer to obtain a second length value, and the ratio of the first length value to the second length value is the extrusion ratio of the knee-fold deformation layer;
and the third conversion subunit is configured to take the extrusion ratio of the knee-fold deformation layer as a target extrusion ratio of the second deformable medium, and reduce the original length value of the second deformable medium according to the target extrusion ratio to obtain the target length value.
The knee fold structure simulation method provided by the embodiment of the application has the beneficial effects that:
in the embodiment of the application, a plurality of structural layers including knee-fold structural layers in an exploration area are simulated by using a plurality of deformable media, the thickness and the rigidity strength of each deformable medium correspond to those of each structural layer one to one, and the compressive deformation process of the knee-fold structural layers is simulated by applying vertical load stress and transverse extrusion stress to the corresponding deformable media, so that the geological conditions in the evolution process of the knee-fold structure formation are researched, and the reasonability and correctness of the collected geological structure data are verified.
Drawings
In order to more clearly illustrate the technical solutions in the embodiments of the present application, the drawings needed to be used in the description of the embodiments are briefly introduced below, and it is obvious that the drawings in the following description are only some embodiments of the present application, and it is obvious for those skilled in the art to obtain other drawings based on these drawings without creative efforts.
Fig. 1 is a flowchart of a knee fold structure simulation method according to an embodiment of the present disclosure;
FIG. 2 is a sectional view of a seismic recording with a depth-domain aspect ratio of 1:1 provided by an embodiment of the present application;
FIG. 3 is a schematic diagram of the restoration of the equilibrium of the original seismic section of a knee-bending deformation zone provided by an embodiment of the present application;
FIG. 4 is a diagram illustrating a knee fold configuration simulation result according to an embodiment of the present disclosure;
fig. 5 is a schematic diagram illustrating a knee-fold configuration simulation apparatus according to an embodiment of the present disclosure;
fig. 6 is a schematic structural diagram of an actuator according to an embodiment of the present application.
Detailed Description
In order to make the technical solutions and advantages of the present application clearer, the following will describe the embodiments of the present application in further detail with reference to the accompanying drawings.
An embodiment of the present application provides a knee fold structure simulation method, as shown in fig. 1, the method includes the following steps:
102, respectively determining the positions, thicknesses and rigidity strengths of a first deformable medium, a second deformable medium and a third deformable medium based on the positions, thicknesses and rigidity strengths of the upper sliding layer, the knee-fold deformation layer and the lower sliding layer, wherein the first deformable medium, the second deformable medium and the third deformable medium are obtained by stacking a plurality of sheet-shaped media, and the first deformable medium, the second deformable medium and the third deformable medium are respectively used for representing the geological structures of the upper sliding layer, the knee-fold deformation layer and the lower sliding layer;
103, determining the formation pressure applied by the overburden pressure formation to the upper sliding layer according to the thickness of the overburden pressure formation, and converting the formation pressure into a vertical load stress applied to the first deformable medium;
104, determining the extrusion proportion of the knee-fold deformation layer, and converting the extrusion proportion of the knee-fold deformation layer into a target extrusion proportion corresponding to a deformation medium, wherein the extrusion proportion of the knee-fold deformation layer is the ratio of the original seismic section length of the knee-fold deformation layer to the seismic section length after recovery of wrinkle removal;
105, applying a vertical load stress to a deformable medium corresponding to the upper sliding layer and applying a transverse extrusion stress to a second deformable medium at the same time, wherein the transverse extrusion stress is used for extruding the second deformable medium to a target length value according to a target extrusion proportion;
and 106, stopping applying the transverse extrusion stress when the second deformable medium is extruded to the target length value, and obtaining a knee-fold structure simulation result.
In summary, in the embodiment of the present application, a plurality of deformable media are used to simulate a plurality of structural layers including a knee-fold structural layer in an exploration area, the thickness and the rigidity strength of each deformable medium correspond to the thickness and the rigidity strength of each structural layer one to one, and a compressive deformation process of the knee-fold structural layer is simulated by applying a vertical load stress and a transverse extrusion stress to the corresponding deformable medium, so as to study geological conditions in an evolution process formed by the knee-fold structure, and verify the rationality and the correctness of collected geological structure data.
The specific implementation of the above steps 101-106 will be described and explained in detail with reference to fig. 2-4.
For the above step 101, the following is included:
step 1011, a seismic record profile of the survey area is obtained.
The seismic profile is a profile of a low-wave impedance reflection interface formed by data acquisition processing, and represents geological phenomena on a geological profile and images of the correlation system. FIG. 2 illustrates a seismic recording profile with a depth domain aspect ratio of 1:1 from which geological formation data may be obtained.
Step 1012, the strata of the survey area are divided into a plurality of formation layers based on the seismic recording profile.
Taking the seismic profile shown in fig. 2 as an example, the properties and characteristics of the exploration area, such as material composition, structural characteristics and the like, can be determined by analyzing the seismic profile, wherein the stratum of the exploration area can be divided into a plurality of structural layers by the difference of the structural characteristics and the structural characteristics, the material composition in each structural layer is relatively fixed, and the material compositions of different structural layers are obviously different, as shown in fig. 2, an overlying pressure stratum 201, an upper sliding layer 202, a knee-fracture deformation layer 203 and a lower sliding layer 204 can be determined.
Step 1013, determining a thickness of each of the plurality of build layers based on the structural features and the build features.
After the strata of the exploration area are divided into a plurality of structural layers, the thickness of each structural layer can be obtained from the seismic recording profile because the structural characteristics and the structural characteristics of different structural layers are obviously different. Referring to fig. 2, the overburden 201, the upper sliding layer 202, the knee-fracture deformation layer 203, and the lower sliding layer 204 are shown to have thicknesses of 5 km (0 to-5 km above sea level), 1 km (5 to-6 km above sea level), 2.2 km (6 to-8.2 km above sea level), and 0.8 km (8.2 to-9 km above sea level), respectively.
Step 1014, determining a stiffness strength of each of the plurality of build layers based on the material composition.
The stiffness strength of each structural layer can also be determined through the seismic recording section diagram with the depth domain aspect ratio of 1:1 shown in fig. 2, namely, the stiffness strength of each structural layer is determined through the material composition of the structural layer, for example, the upper sliding layer is mainly composed of carbonate rock mixed shale and shale rock, the knee-fold deformation layer is mainly composed of carbonate rock, the lower weak-deformation sliding layer is mainly composed of clastic rock such as shale, and accordingly, the stiffness strength of the structural layers can be determined by combining the material compositions of the structural layers and is ranked from strong to weak: knee flexion layer > superior glide layer > inferior glide layer.
For the above step 102, the following is included:
and 1021, sequentially stacking a third deformable medium, a second deformable medium and a first deformable medium from bottom to top according to the positions of the upper sliding layer, the knee bending deformation layer and the lower sliding layer.
Referring to the seismic recording cross-sectional view shown in fig. 2, the upper sliding layer, the knee-fold deformation layer, and the lower sliding layer are located in a top-down order, and thus when the deformable media are stacked, the third deformable medium, the second deformable medium, and the first deformable medium are stacked in order from bottom to top. In the embodiment of the present application, top-down means a direction pointing from the ground to the underground; bottom-up refers to the direction from the ground to the ground.
In some embodiments of the present application, the deformable medium may be paper, plastic, metal, composite, etc. processed into sheet media of different stiffness strengths by different processes to facilitate stacking of the simulated structural layers.
And 1022, converting the thicknesses of the upper sliding layer, the knee-fold deformation layer and the lower sliding layer into the thicknesses of a first deformable medium, a second deformable medium and a third deformable medium respectively according to a first preset conversion ratio.
And determining a first preset conversion proportion by combining the actual thickness of each structural layer, reducing the actual thickness of each structural layer according to the first preset conversion proportion, and converting the actual thickness of each structural layer into the thickness of a corresponding deformable medium so as to facilitate simulation.
For example, based on the size of the simulation device and the actual simulation environment, the first preset conversion ratio is determined to be 50000 m: 1 meter, then for an upper sliding layer 202 having a thickness of 1 km, the transformed first deformable medium has a thickness of 0.08 meters, i.e. corresponding to a first deformable medium 80 mm thick; for a knee-bending deformation layer 203 having a thickness of 202 km, the thickness of the transformed second deformable medium is 0.044 m, i.e. corresponding to a second deformable medium thickness of 44 mm; for the lower sliding layer 204, the thickness of the transformed third deformable medium is 0.016 meters, which corresponds to a thickness of 16 mm for the third deformable medium.
And 1023, respectively determining the rigidity strength of the sheet media forming the first deformable medium, the second deformable medium and the third deformable medium according to the rigidity strength of the upper sliding layer, the knee-fold deformation layer and the lower sliding layer.
According to the stiffness strength of each structural layer determined in the step 101, stiffness strength matching sheet media stack is selected to simulate and form the corresponding structural layer, taking a4 paper as an example of the sheet media, the stiffness strength of each structural layer is sorted from strong to weak to be knee-bend deformation layer > upper sliding layer > lower sliding layer, so that the knee-bend deformation layer can select a4 paper with high gram number (e.g. 120-160 g/m), the upper sliding layer can select a4 paper with standard gram number (e.g. 70-100 g/m), the lower sliding layer can select a4 paper with low gram number (e.g. 35-60 g/m), and the stiffness strength of the sheet media can be flexibly determined according to the stiffness strength of the structural layers, which is not limited in the present application.
After the sheet-like media corresponding to the rigidity strength are determined, the corresponding number is selected to be stacked so as to meet the converted thickness requirement, i.e., a first deformable medium 80 mm thick is stacked using a standard gram number of a4 paper, a second deformable medium 44 mm thick is stacked using a high gram number of a4 paper, and a third deformable medium 16 mm thick is stacked using a low gram number of a4 paper.
For the step 103, after determining the deformable media corresponding to the simulated structural layers through the steps 101 and 102, performing a simulation process of compressive deformation of the knee-fold structural layer, that is, determining the pressure of the overlying pressure formation on the upper sliding layer, and converting the pressure into a vertical load stress applied to the first deformable medium, specifically including the following steps:
and step 1031, calculating a formation pressure value applied by the overburden to the upper sliding delamination layer according to the hydrostatic pressure gradient of the exploration area and the thickness of the overburden.
Hydrostatic pressure gradient is a formation pressure gradient that reflects the rate of change of formation pressure with depth. The hydrostatic pressure gradient is vertical and is generally of constant value 0.01 mpa/m.
Taking a4 paper as an example of the first deformable medium, as shown in fig. 2, the overlying pressure formation 201 is 5 kilometers thick and then has a pressure of 50 mpa against the upper sliding layer 202 of the next layer.
And 1032, converting the formation pressure value into a simulated formation pressure value according to a second preset conversion ratio, wherein the simulated formation pressure value is used for simulating the pressure value of the deformable medium corresponding to the upper slippage layer.
The determination of the second preset conversion ratio is related to the area of the first deformable medium, namely the determination is performed by combining the range of the pressure intensity which can be borne by the first deformable medium, so that the first deformable medium cannot be excessively extruded or underextruded to influence the final simulation result.
Taking a4 paper as an example of the first deformable medium, assume that the second preset conversion ratio is 100: 1, when the overlying pressure formation 201 is at a pressure of 50 mpa to the upper slip layer 202, the simulated formation pressure value is 500 kpa.
Step 1033, calculating a simulated pressure value corresponding to the simulated formation pressure value according to the following formula:
F＝PS；
wherein P represents a simulated formation pressure value, S represents the stressed area of the first deformable medium, and F represents a simulated pressure value.
Taking a4 paper as an example of the first deformable medium, the width of the a4 paper is 210 mm, the length of the a4 paper is 297 mm, the actual area of the a4 paper is 0.06237 square meters, and then the simulated pressure value is 31.185 kn, which is about 31 kn, according to the pressure relation formula F ═ PS.
Step 1034, determining the simulated pressure value as the vertical load stress applied to the first deformable medium.
When the simulated pressure value is 31 kilonewtons obtained through calculation, in order to simulate the pressure of the upper covering pressure layer on the upper sliding layer during knee-fold structure simulation, 31 kilonewtons of vertical load stress F is applied to the first deformable medium1。
For the above step 104, the following is included:
step 1041, obtaining a first length value of the original seismic section of the knee-fold deformation layer.
The first length value of any original seismic section in the knee-fold deformation layer is obtained based on the seismic recording profile, and illustratively, the first length value of any original seismic section in the knee-fold deformation layer can be 15.3 kilometers.
And 1042, recovering and removing folds of the original seismic section of the knee-fold deformation layer to obtain a second length value.
Referring to fig. 2 and 3, after performing balance restoration (wrinkle removal and stretching) on any original seismic section in the knee-fold deformation layer, for example, after performing balance restoration on an original seismic section with a first length value of 15.3 km, it may be determined that a second length value of the seismic section after restoring the wrinkle is 15.9 km.
Furthermore, the ratio of the first length value to the second length value can be determined as the extrusion ratio of the knee-fold deformation layer, for example, when the ratio of the original seismic section length in the knee-fold deformation layer to the seismic section length after recovery of wrinkle removal is 15.3:15.9, the extrusion ratio of the knee-fold deformation layer is 96%.
And 1043, taking the extrusion ratio of the knee-fold deformation layer as a target extrusion ratio of the second deformable medium, and reducing the original length value of the second deformable medium according to the target extrusion ratio to obtain a target length value.
Taking a4 paper as an example of the second deformable medium, when the simulated knee-fold deformation layer extrusion ratio is 96%, the corresponding target backlog ratio is 96%.
The length of the A4 paper is 297 mm, and accordingly, the target length after being pressed is 285.12 mm, which can be determined according to the target pressing ratio. And determining the difference between the original length value and the target length value as a target extrusion length value of the second deformable medium, namely the target extrusion length value of the A4 paper which should be extruded in the simulation is 11.88 mm. The target extrusion length value is the deformation amount of the A4 paper after being transversely extruded, and simulates the transverse extrusion deformation process of the knee-fold deformation layer.
For the above steps 105 and 106, the following are included:
in order to enable the second deformable medium to simulate the process of the knee-fold deformation layer being transversely extruded and deformed
The vertical load stress F applied to the first deformable medium can be determined by the steps 101-1041The bending deformation process of the knee joint is simulated by 31 kilonewtons; simultaneously applying a transverse compressive stress F to the second deformable medium2The process of the knee-fold deformation layer being transversely extruded and deformed is simulated. In the above example, the transverse extrusion stress F is stopped when the second deformable medium is extruded by 11.88 mm, i.e. reaches the target length value2At this time, a final knee-fold configuration simulation result can be obtained. Fig. 4 is a schematic diagram showing a knee-fold structure simulation result, which can be observed to verify the reasonability and correctness of the collected geological structure data.
It should be noted that, in the process of the second deformable medium being deformed by the transverse extrusion, the deformation rate and the deformation time of the second deformable medium reaching the target length value are affected by the magnitude of the transverse extrusion stress, the larger the transverse extrusion stress is, the faster the deformation rate and the shorter the deformation time of the second deformable medium reaching the target length value are, but the transverse extrusion stress F is2Is not generally too large for knee fold configuration simulation results. For this reason, the transverse compressive stress F in the embodiment of the present application2Is set by a technician according to actual requirementsFor example, 40 kilo-newtons, 60 kilo-newtons, 80 kilo-newtons, etc. may be mentioned.
In summary, the knee-fold structure simulation method provided by the embodiment of the application simulates a structural layer of an exploration area by using a deformable medium, and simulates a deformation process of a knee-fold structure by applying a vertical load stress and a transverse extrusion stress to the deformable medium, so that geological conditions in an evolution process formed by the knee-fold structure are researched, and the reasonability and correctness of collected geological structure data are verified.
All the above optional technical solutions can be combined arbitrarily to form optional embodiments of the present disclosure, and the embodiments of the present disclosure are not described in detail again.
As shown in fig. 5, the present embodiment further provides a knee-fold configuration simulation apparatus 500, where the apparatus 500 includes a control mechanism 510 and an actuator 520.
The control mechanism 510 may be a computer device, and the computer device may be a terminal, a server, a processor, or any processing module with a data processing function. The control mechanism 510 is configured to:
determining the thickness and the rigidity strength of a plurality of structural layers according to geological structure data of an exploration area, wherein the plurality of structural layers comprise an overlying pressure stratum, an upper sliding layer, a knee-fold deformation layer and a lower sliding layer which are sequentially distributed from top to bottom;
determining the position, thickness and rigidity strength of a first deformable medium, a second deformable medium and a third deformable medium respectively based on the position, thickness and rigidity strength of the upper sliding layer, the knee-fold deformation layer and the lower sliding layer, wherein the first deformable medium, the second deformable medium and the third deformable medium are obtained by stacking a plurality of sheet-shaped media, and the first deformable medium, the second deformable medium and the third deformable medium are respectively used for representing the geological structures of the upper sliding layer, the knee-fold deformation layer and the lower sliding layer;
determining a formation pressure applied by the overburden pressure formation to the upper sliding layer based on the thickness of the overburden pressure formation, and converting the formation pressure into a vertical load stress applied to the first deformable medium;
determining the extrusion proportion of the knee-fold deformation layer, and converting the extrusion proportion of the knee-fold deformation layer into the target extrusion proportion of a second deformable medium, wherein the extrusion proportion of the knee-fold deformation layer is the ratio of the original seismic section length of the knee-fold deformation layer to the seismic section length after recovery of wrinkle removal;
the vertical load stress and the target crush ratio are sent to the actuator 520.
An actuator 520 configured to:
receiving the vertical load stress and the target extrusion ratio sent by the control mechanism;
applying a vertical load stress to the first deformable medium and applying a transverse extrusion stress to the second deformable medium, wherein the transverse extrusion stress is used for extruding the second deformable medium to a target length value according to a target extrusion proportion;
and stopping applying the transverse extrusion stress when the second deformable medium is extruded to the target length value.
In some embodiments of the present application, the actuator 520 may include: an upper adjustable steel plate 521, a first hydraulic push rod 522 connected to the upper adjustable steel plate 521, a rear steel plate 523, a front adjustable steel plate 524, a second hydraulic push rod 525 connected to the front adjustable steel plate 524, a right transparent plate 526, a left transparent plate 527, and a base 528 for carrying a first deformable medium, a second deformable medium, and a third deformable medium;
the actuator 520 is configured to apply a vertical load stress to the first deformable medium while applying a lateral compressive stress to the second deformable medium, including:
when the base 528 carries the first deformable medium, the second deformable medium and the third deformable medium, the rear steel plate 523, the right transparent plate 526 and the left transparent plate 527 are vertically arranged on the base 528 to fix the first deformable medium, the second deformable medium and the third deformable medium, the first hydraulic push rod 522 pushes the upper adjustable steel plate 521 to apply vertical load stress to the first deformable medium, and the second hydraulic push rod 525 pushes the front adjustable steel plate 524 to apply transverse stress to the second deformable medium.
In some implementations of embodiments of the present application, the control mechanism 510 includes:
a first acquisition subunit configured to acquire a seismic recording profile of the exploration area, the seismic recording profile being a profile image of a low-wavefield impedance reflection interface;
a partitioning subunit configured to partition a formation of an exploration area into a plurality of tectonic layers based on the seismic recording profile, the plurality of tectonic layers differing in material composition, structural characteristics, and structural characteristics;
a first determining subunit configured to determine a thickness of each of the plurality of build layers based on the structural features and the build features;
a second determining subunit configured to determine a stiffness strength of each of the plurality of structural layers based on the material composition.
In some implementations of embodiments of the present application, the actuator 520 includes:
a stacking subunit configured to stack the third deformable medium, the second deformable medium, and the first deformable medium in order from bottom to top according to positions of the upper sliding layer, the knee fold deformation layer, and the lower sliding layer.
The control mechanism 510 further includes:
a first conversion subunit configured to convert the thicknesses of the upper sliding layer, the knee-fold deformation layer, and the lower sliding layer into the thicknesses of a first deformable medium, a second deformable medium, and a third deformable medium, respectively, according to a first preset conversion ratio;
a third determining subunit configured to determine the rigidity strengths of the sheet media constituting the first deformable medium, the second deformable medium, and the third deformable medium, respectively, from the rigidity strengths of the upper sliding layer, the knee-fold deformation layer, and the lower sliding layer.
In some implementations of embodiments of the present application, the control mechanism 510 further includes:
a first calculation subunit configured to calculate a formation pressure value exerted by the overburden on the upper sliding layer according to the hydrostatic pressure gradient of the exploration area and the thickness of the overburden;
the second conversion subunit is configured to convert the formation pressure value into a simulated formation pressure value according to a second preset conversion proportion, and the simulated formation pressure value is used for simulating the pressure value received by the first deformable medium;
a second calculating subunit, configured to calculate a simulated pressure value corresponding to the simulated formation pressure value according to the following formula:
F＝PS；
wherein P represents a simulated formation pressure value, S represents the stressed area of the first deformable medium, and F represents a simulated pressure value;
a fourth determining subunit configured to determine the simulated pressure value as a vertical load stress exerted on the first deformable medium.
In some implementations of embodiments of the present application, the control mechanism 510 further includes:
a second obtaining unit configured to obtain a first length value of an original seismic section of a knee-fold deformation layer;
the third obtaining unit is configured to recover and remove folds of an original seismic section of the knee-fold deformation layer to obtain a second length value, and the ratio of the first length value to the second length value is the extrusion proportion of the knee-fold deformation layer;
and the third conversion subunit takes the extrusion proportion of the knee bending deformation layer as the target extrusion proportion of the second deformable medium, and reduces the original length value of the second deformable medium according to the target extrusion proportion to obtain the target length value.
In the present embodiment, the control mechanism 510 is first utilized to determine the thickness and stiffness of the various layers of the formation of the survey area, a plurality of structural layers including knee fold structural layers in the survey area are then simulated using a plurality of deformable media, further determining the thickness and rigidity strength of each deformable medium to enable the thickness and rigidity strength of each deformable medium to correspond to the thickness and rigidity strength of each structural layer one by one, applying vertical load stress and transverse extrusion stress to the corresponding deformable medium through the actuating mechanism 520 to simulate the compression deformation process of the knee-fold structural layer, thereby researching the geological conditions in the evolution process of knee-fold structure formation and verifying the reasonability and correctness of the collected geological structure data, therefore, the knee-fold structure simulation device provided by the embodiment of the application can improve the accuracy of geological exploration and effectively guide the deployment of oil-gas exploration development and well drilling.
The above description is only for facilitating the understanding of the technical solutions of the present application by those skilled in the art, and is not intended to limit the present application. Any modification, equivalent replacement, improvement and the like made within the spirit and principle of the present application shall be included in the protection scope of the present application.
Claims (10)
1. A knee fold configuration simulation method, the method comprising:
determining the thickness and the rigidity strength of a plurality of structural layers according to geological structure data of an exploration area, wherein the plurality of structural layers comprise an overlying pressure stratum, an upper sliding layer, a knee-fold deformation layer and a lower sliding layer which are sequentially distributed from top to bottom;
determining the position, thickness and stiffness strength of a first deformable medium, a second deformable medium and a third deformable medium, respectively, based on the position, thickness and stiffness strength of the upper sliding layer, the knee-fold deformable layer and the lower sliding layer, the first deformable medium, the second deformable medium and the third deformable medium each being obtained by stacking a plurality of sheet media, the first deformable medium, the second deformable medium and the third deformable medium being used to characterize the geological architecture of the upper sliding layer, the knee-fold deformable layer and the lower sliding layer, respectively;
determining a formation pressure applied by the overburden pressure formation to the upper sliding layer based on the thickness of the overburden pressure formation and converting the formation pressure to a vertical load stress applied to the first deformable medium;
determining the extrusion proportion of the knee-fold deformation layer, and converting the extrusion proportion of the knee-fold deformation layer into the target extrusion proportion of the second deformable medium, wherein the extrusion proportion of the knee-fold deformation layer is the ratio of the original seismic section length of the knee-fold deformation layer to the seismic section length after recovery of wrinkle removal;
applying the vertical load stress to the first deformable medium and applying a transverse extrusion stress to the second deformable medium at the same time, wherein the transverse extrusion stress is used for extruding the second deformable medium to a target length value according to the target extrusion proportion;
and when the second deformable medium is extruded to the target length value, stopping applying the transverse extrusion stress to obtain a knee-fold structure simulation result.
2. The knee fold structure simulation method of claim 1, wherein determining the thickness and stiffness strength of each structural layer from geological structure data of an exploration area comprises:
acquiring a seismic recording section map of the exploration area, wherein the seismic recording section map is a section image of a low-wave impedance reflection interface;
dividing the stratum of the exploration area into a plurality of structural layers based on the seismic recording profile, wherein the plurality of structural layers are different in material composition, structural characteristics and structural characteristics;
determining a thickness of each build layer of the plurality of build layers based on the structural features and the build features;
determining a stiffness strength of each of the plurality of build layers based on the material composition.
3. The knee fold configuration simulation method of claim 1 wherein the determining the position, thickness and stiffness strength of the first, second and third deformable media from the position, thickness and stiffness strength of the upper, knee fold deformation layers and the lower sliding layer, respectively, comprises:
stacking the third deformable medium, the second deformable medium, and the first deformable medium in sequence from bottom to top according to the positions of the upper sliding layer, the knee fold deformation layer, and the lower sliding layer;
converting the thicknesses of the upper sliding layer, the knee-fold deformation layer and the lower sliding layer into the thicknesses of the first deformable medium, the second deformable medium and the third deformable medium, respectively, according to a first preset conversion ratio;
the rigidity strengths of the sheet media constituting the first deformable medium, the second deformable medium, and the third deformable medium are determined according to the rigidity strengths of the upper sliding layer, the knee-fold deformation layer, and the lower sliding layer, respectively.
4. The knee fold configuration simulation method of claim 1 wherein the determining a formation pressure applied by the overburden pressure formation to the upper sliding layer based on a thickness of the overburden pressure formation and converting the formation pressure to a vertical load stress applied to the first deformable medium comprises:
calculating a formation pressure value applied by the overlying pressure formation to the upper sliding layer according to the hydrostatic pressure gradient of the exploration area and the thickness of the overlying pressure formation;
converting the formation pressure value into a simulated formation pressure value according to a second preset conversion proportion, wherein the simulated formation pressure value is used for simulating the pressure value suffered by the first deformable medium;
calculating a simulated pressure value corresponding to the simulated formation pressure value according to the following formula:
F＝PS；
wherein P represents the simulated formation pressure value, S represents the stressed area of the first deformable medium, and F represents the simulated pressure value;
and determining the simulated pressure value as the vertical load stress applied to the first deformable medium.
5. The knee fold configuration simulation method of claim 1, wherein the determining the extrusion fraction of the knee fold deformation layer and converting the extrusion fraction of the knee fold deformation layer to a target extrusion fraction of the second deformable medium comprises:
obtaining a first length value of an original seismic section of the knee-fold deformation layer;
recovering and removing folds of the original seismic section of the knee-fold deformation layer to obtain a second length value, wherein the ratio of the first length value to the second length value is the extrusion proportion of the knee-fold deformation layer;
and taking the extrusion proportion of the knee-fold deformation layer as the target extrusion proportion of the second deformable medium, and reducing the original length value of the second deformable medium according to the target extrusion proportion to obtain the target length value.
6. A knee fold structure simulation device is characterized by comprising a control mechanism and an actuating mechanism,
the control mechanism configured to:
determining the thickness and the rigidity strength of a plurality of structural layers according to geological structure data of an exploration area, wherein the plurality of structural layers comprise an overlying pressure stratum, an upper sliding layer, a knee-fold deformation layer and a lower sliding layer which are sequentially distributed from top to bottom;
determining the position, thickness and stiffness strength of a first deformable medium, a second deformable medium and a third deformable medium, respectively, based on the position, thickness and stiffness strength of the upper sliding layer, the knee-fold deformable layer and the lower sliding layer, the first deformable medium, the second deformable medium and the third deformable medium each being obtained by stacking a plurality of sheet media, the first deformable medium, the second deformable medium and the third deformable medium being used to characterize the geological architecture of the upper sliding layer, the knee-fold deformable layer and the lower sliding layer, respectively;
determining a formation pressure applied by the overburden pressure formation to the upper sliding layer based on the thickness of the overburden pressure formation and converting the formation pressure to a vertical load stress applied to the first deformable medium;
determining the extrusion proportion of the knee-fold deformation layer, and converting the extrusion proportion of the knee-fold deformation layer into the target extrusion proportion of the second deformable medium, wherein the extrusion proportion of the knee-fold deformation layer is the ratio of the original seismic section length of the knee-fold deformation layer to the seismic section length after recovery of wrinkle removal;
sending the vertical load stress and the target extrusion ratio to the actuating mechanism;
the actuator configured to:
receiving the vertical load stress and the target extrusion ratio sent by the control mechanism;
applying the vertical load stress to the first deformable medium and applying a transverse extrusion stress to the second deformable medium at the same time, wherein the transverse extrusion stress is used for extruding the second deformable medium to a target length value according to the target extrusion proportion;
and stopping applying the transverse extrusion stress when the second deformable medium is extruded to the target length value.
7. The knee fold configuration simulation device of claim 6, wherein the control mechanism comprises:
a first acquisition subunit configured to acquire a seismic recording profile of the exploration area, the seismic recording profile being a profile image of a low-wave impedance reflection interface;
a partitioning subunit configured to partition the strata of the exploration area into the plurality of tectonic layers based on the seismic recording profile, the plurality of tectonic layers differing in material composition, structural characteristics, and tectonic characteristics;
a first determining subunit configured to determine a thickness of each of the plurality of build layers based on the structural features and the build features;
a second determining subunit configured to determine a stiffness strength of each of the plurality of build layers based on the material composition.
8. The knee fold configuration simulation device of claim 6, wherein the actuator comprises:
a stacking subunit configured to stack the third deformable medium, the second deformable medium, and the first deformable medium in order from bottom to top according to positions of the upper sliding layer, the knee fold deformation layer, and the lower sliding layer;
the control mechanism further includes:
a first conversion subunit configured to convert the thicknesses of the upper sliding layer, the knee fold deformation layer, and the lower sliding layer into the thicknesses of the first deformable medium, the second deformable medium, and the third deformable medium, respectively, at a first preset conversion ratio;
a third determining subunit configured to determine rigidity strengths of sheet media constituting the first deformable medium, the second deformable medium, and the third deformable medium, respectively, from rigidity strengths of the upper sliding layer, the knee-fold deformable layer, and the lower sliding layer.
9. The knee fold configuration simulation device of claim 6, wherein the control mechanism further comprises:
a first calculation subunit configured to calculate a formation pressure value exerted by the overburden on the upper sliding layer from a hydrostatic pressure gradient of the exploration area and a thickness of the overburden;
the second conversion subunit is configured to convert the formation pressure value into a simulated formation pressure value according to a second preset conversion proportion, wherein the simulated formation pressure value is used for simulating a pressure value to which the first deformable medium is subjected;
a second calculating subunit, configured to calculate a simulated pressure value corresponding to the simulated formation pressure value according to the following formula:
F＝PS；
wherein P represents the simulated formation pressure value, S represents the stressed area of the first deformable medium, and F represents the simulated pressure value;
a fourth determining subunit configured to determine the simulated pressure value as a vertical load stress exerted on the first deformable medium.
10. The knee fold configuration simulation device of claim 6, wherein the control mechanism further comprises:
a second obtaining unit configured to obtain a first length value of an original seismic section of the knee-fold deformation layer;
the third obtaining unit is configured to recover and remove folds of the original seismic section of the knee-fold deformation layer to obtain a second length value, and the ratio of the first length value to the second length value is the extrusion ratio of the knee-fold deformation layer;
and the third conversion subunit takes the extrusion proportion of the knee-fold deformation layer as the target extrusion proportion of the second deformable medium, and reduces the original length value of the second deformable medium according to the target extrusion proportion to obtain the target length value.
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