CN112699036B - Multi-partition multi-version airborne application software test case multiplexing method - Google Patents
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Abstract
The invention belongs to the field of airborne software testing. The technical scheme is that the multiplexing method for the test cases of the multi-partition multi-version airborne application software comprises the following steps: (1) According to the test requirement, testing the basic version, the version to be tested and the change influence domain to establish a test case multiplexing model; (2) Extracting common test requirements of different software versions of the same partition according to the test case multiplexing model established in the step (1), and establishing a test case library; (3) Extracting common test requirements of different partitions according to the test case multiplexing model established in the step (1) and establishing a test case library; (4) And (4) executing the steps (1) to (3) on the updated version software, and updating the test case library. The method is suitable for multiplexing the test cases among multiple versions of the multi-partition airborne application software and sharing the test requirements of different partitions.
Description
Technical Field
The invention belongs to the field of airborne software testing.
Background
Integrated Modular Avionics (IMA for short) makes a set of airborne computer physical platforms undertake multiple application fields, multiple systems and different task types, which becomes a necessary development trend. In order to solve the problems of fault isolation and information security brought by IMA, the existing high-security airborne operating systems all adopt a partition mechanism to provide inter-partition isolation and inter-partition communication capability, and typical partition operating systems, such as Wind River VxWorks AE653 and China's autonomous property right weather system AcoreOS 653.
Compared with the conventional joint Avionics architecture (FAA), which requires that each Avionics module has to share a unique set of computing resources and communication interfaces, the IMA architecture can run one or more Avionics modules on a common computing resource. In the context of IMA and high security partition onboard operating system development, as well as reliability, security and high standard quality requirements, new challenges are presented to software testing.
At present, for the test work of the onboard software of the IMA multi-partition large-scale complex integrated system, based on an independent software configuration item under an FAA architecture, a targeted and comprehensive test method is designed according to conventional test procedures (such as unit test, component test, configuration item test and system test) and conventional test methods (such as equivalence, boundary value, coverage rate and the like) without aiming at the characteristics of the software, so that knowledge and experience are difficult to solidify to form the test capability of the software.
Disclosure of Invention
Object of the Invention
The multiplexing method of the test cases of the multi-partition multi-version airborne application software is provided, and can effectively solve the following problems: 1) The problem of test case multiplexing among multiple versions of the same partition application software in the software is solved. 2) The test cases with the test requirements shared by different partitions in the software are reused.
Technical scheme
A multi-partition multi-version airborne application software test case multiplexing method comprises the following steps:
(1) According to the test requirement, testing the basic version, the version to be tested and the change influence domain to establish a test case multiplexing model;
(2) Extracting common test requirements of different software versions of the same partition according to the test case multiplexing model established in the step (1), and establishing a test case library;
(3) Extracting common test requirements of different partitions according to the test case multiplexing model established in the step (1) and establishing a test case library;
(4) And (4) executing the steps (1) to (3) on the updated software, and updating the test case library.
The test case multiplexing model is as follows:
suppose that:
base version RV of software to be tested n Existing test case set TC n ；
Change upgrade of software to be testedVersion RV n+1 Required test case set RC n+1 ；
To accomplish RV n+1 Version software testing, two aspects of testing need to be performed:
1) Test RV n+1 Relative to RV n Modified part of version software, required test cases TC x ；
2) The required test case consists of two parts: 1.TC n In applying to PW n+1 Test case of version software, denoted TC n4 ，TC nA Is TC n Is represented as
2.TC n Is not suitable for RV n+1 Test case of version software, denoted TC nB ，TC nB Is TC n Is represented as
Then:
1) To RV n+1 The test case required by the regression test of the version software is TC n-1 ＝TC x +TC nA Or is represented by TC n+1 ＝TC x ∪TC nA ；
2) To RV n+1 The test case required by the complete test of the version software is TC n+1 ＝TC x +TC n -TC nB Or is represented by TC n+1 ＝TC x ∪C u TC nB 。
The step 2 comprises the following steps:
(21) Designing each software version V for the same partition software 1 、V 2 ……V n Forming a test case database by the test cases;
(22) To-be-tested software version V n+1 And test base version V n Comparing the software change part;
(23) If the test case database has the affected reusable use case set, designing the test case only for the part affected by the change except the affected reusable use case set;
(24) If the test case database has no affected reusable case set, then V n+1 All changes to the version software affect part of the design of a brand new test case.
The step 3 comprises the following steps:
(31) Extracting software version V 1 、V 2 ……V n Test cases shared by different partitions form a commonly-used case set which is used as a component of a test case database;
(32) For software V to be tested n+1 Step (22) is performed, and if the alteration impact portion relates to a common test requirement, steps (23) - (24) are performed on the common test requirement portion.
Step 4 comprises the following steps:
(41) Adding the newly designed test case in the step (23) or the step (24) into a test case database, and updating the database;
(42) With V n As a basic plate, for V n+1 Performing software change analysis, and eliminating unsuitable V in the test case database n+1 。
Step 4 also includes:
(43) Loading all test cases formed in the step (23) or the step (24) to the software V to be tested n+1 And (6) performing software testing.
The set of commonly usable use cases includes: heartbeat testing, redundancy voting testing, bus health testing and inter-partition communication testing.
The redundancy voting test comprises the following steps: 2 redundancy voting test, 3 redundancy voting test and 4 redundancy voting test.
Advantageous effects
(1) The invention provides a multi-partition multi-version airborne application software test case multiplexing method based on the architecture characteristics of multi-partition airborne application software and key factors in the field of partition application service and the like, innovatively and pertinently, and is an effective way for solving the problem of inheritance and multiplexing of experience knowledge of testers, improving the test quality, solving the test efficiency and reducing the test cost.
(2) The method solves the problem of multiplexing of the test cases among multiple versions of the same partition application software in the multi-partition airborne application software test, and improves the test efficiency, the sufficiency and the integrity.
(3) The method solves the problem of test case multiplexing of different partitions sharing test requirements in the multi-partition airborne application software test, and improves the multiplexing capability of the software test cases.
Drawings
FIG. 1 is a schematic diagram of an onboard application software architecture of a multi-partition system according to the present invention.
FIG. 2 is a diagram illustrating multiplexing of multi-partition and multi-version test cases according to the present invention.
Detailed Description
The architecture of the multi-partitioned system on-board application software is shown in fig. 1. The system is composed of an application layer, a Partition operating system (Partition OS), a core operating system layer (CoreOS), a configurable component, a Module Support Layer (MSL), a processor module and an interface module. Wherein, the artinc 653 library is realized in the PartitionOS, and provides basic resources and management for the running of the application task. The CoreOS provides the basic environment for the partition to run, including loading, booting, reconfiguring of the partition, and scheduling and communication of the partition.
The application layer is composed of multiple partitions, and different partition application software realizes functions of various professional application fields. The partition technology well realizes the space-time isolation of the system, the partitions are not affected with each other and run independently, and the running of the partitions meets the requirements of time and space. Direct communication between partitions is not allowed and must be through a port controlled by the operating system.
A test case is a collection of test implementations developed for a particular target and their environment, test inputs, test conditions, and expected results, and is a special software component. The test case is a set of elements including a test description, a design method, test input, execution conditions, and an expected result, and is used to check whether the software has a problem.
And collecting a large number of test cases into a test case library for use by a tester so as to realize the multiplexing of the test cases. The test case multiplexing method introduced by the invention is as follows.
Suppose that:
1) Base version RV of software to be tested n Existing test case set TC n 。
2) Change upgrade version RV of software to be tested n+1 Required test case set TC n+1 。
To accomplish RV n+1 Version software testing, two aspects of testing need to be performed:
1) Test RV n+1 Relative to RV n Modified part of version software, required test cases TC x 。
2) Determination of the cause of RV by analysis of the influence field n+L Software changes resulting in a base version RV n The affected part and testing the part. The required test case consists of two parts: 1.TC n In the RV n+1 Test case of version software, denoted TC nA ，TC nA Is TC n Is represented as
2.TC n Is not suitable for RV n+1 Test case of version software, denoted TC nB ，TC nB Is TC n Is represented as
Then:
1) To RV n+1 The test case required by the regression test of the version software is TC n+1 ＝TC x +TC nA Or is represented by TC n+1 ＝TC x ∪TC nA 。
2) To PV n+1 The test case required by the complete test of the version software is TC n+1 ＝TC n +TC n -TC nD Or is represented by TC n+1 ＝TC x ∪C u TC nB 。
Due to the particularity of the airborne software of the time-sharing, partition and multi-application complex integrated system, when the test case multiplexing method and the test case multiplexing analysis principle are adopted, analysis needs to be carried out from two aspects:
1) Use case reuse analysis for multi-version change upgrade of partitioned application software, e.g. certain partitioned application software version V n 、V n+1 、 V n+2 … … test case multiplexing.
2) And (3) case multiplexing analysis of common test requirements of multi-partition software, such as test case multiplexing of partition 1, partition 2 and partition 3 … … application software.
The test case database, the updating process thereof, and the software test multiplexing process based on the test case database are shown in fig. 2.
A multi-partition multi-version airborne application software test case multiplexing method comprises the following steps:
(1) According to the test requirement, testing the basic version, the version to be tested and the change influence domain to establish a test case multiplexing model;
(2) Extracting common test requirements of different software versions of the same partition according to the test case multiplexing model established in the step (1), and establishing a test case library;
(3) Extracting common test requirements of different partitions according to the test case multiplexing model established in the step (1) and establishing a test case library;
(4) And (4) executing the steps (1) to (3) on the updated software, and updating the test case library.
The test case multiplexing model is as follows:
suppose that:
base version PV of software to be tested n Existing test case set TC n 。
Change upgrade version PN of software to be tested n+1 Required test case set RC n+1 。
To accomplish RV n+1 Version software testing requires two aspects of testing:
1) Testing PV n+1 Relative to PV n The modified part of the version software, the required test case TCx.
2) The required test case consists of two parts: 1.TC n In the RV n+1 Test case of version software, denoted TC nA ，TC nA Is TC n Is represented as
2.TC n Not applicable to RV n+1 Test case of version software, denoted TC nB ，TC nB Is TC n Is represented as
Then:
1) To RV n+1 The test case required by the regression test of the version software is TC n-1 ＝TC x +TC nA Or is represented by TC n+1 ＝TC x ∪TC nA 。
2) To RV n+1 The test case required by the complete test of the version software is TC n+1 ＝TC x +TC n -TC nB Or is represented by TC n+1 ＝TC x ∪C u TC nB 。
The step 2 comprises the following steps:
(21) Designing each software version V for the same partition software 1 、V 2 ……V n Forming a test case database by the test cases;
(22) The version V of the software to be tested n+1 And test base version V n Comparing the software change part;
(23) If the test case database has the affected reusable case set, only designing the test case for the change affected part except the affected reusable case set;
(24) If the test case database has no influence on the reusable case set, then V is selected n+1 All changes to the version software affect part of the design of a brand new test case.
The step 3 comprises the following steps:
(31) Extracting software version V 1 、V 2 ……V n The test cases shared by different partitions form a sharable case set which is used as a component of a test case database and comprises the following steps: a heartbeat test, a redundancy voting test,Bus health test, and inter-partition communication test.
(32) For software V to be tested n+1 Step (22) is performed, and if the alteration impact portion relates to a common test requirement, steps (23) - (24) are performed on the common test requirement portion.
Step 4 comprises the following steps:
(41) Adding the newly designed test case in the step (23) or the step (24) into a test case database, and updating the database;
(42) With V n As a basic plate, for V n+1 Performing software change analysis, and eliminating inapplicable V in test case database n+1 ；
(43) Loading all test cases formed in the step (23) or the step (24) to the software V to be tested n+1 And (6) performing software testing.
The test case multiplexing analysis method comprises the following steps:
1) Reusable test case applications are easy to understand. The description information of the test case is required to be complete, standard and easy to understand.
2) Reusable test cases should be independent. The test cases are required to have strong cohesion and can independently operate independent of other test cases and a specific test environment.
3) The reusable test case application has better applicability. It is required that test cases are applicable to as many fields or platforms as possible.
The reusable test case application is easy to modify and configure. The test cases are required to have the ability to be easily modified and reconfigured.
Examples
Take an electromechanical core processor (EMP) of an Electromechanical Management System (EMS) of an aircraft as an example. EMP airborne software is based on the multi-partition airborne application software of the Wind River VxWorks AE653 operating system. Mainly comprises the following steps: 1. carrying out data acquisition and state monitoring on the electromechanical control system; 2. comprehensively processing fault alarm of the electromechanical control system; 3 executing the control and management functions of part of the electromechanical control system; 4 managing data transmission between the electromechanical control systems; 5. displaying the configuration information, the current state, the parameters, the prompting and warning information and other contents of each electromechanical control system on an electromechanical system display by utilizing a virtual instrument technology; 6. and the electromechanical control system has the functions of storing and displaying fault data, maintaining and managing BIT and the like.
The application functions of the EMP are realized by bus partition application software, fuel partition application software, hydraulic partition application software, cabin door partition application software, fire partition application software, power supply partition application software, environment control partition application software, undercarriage partition software, electricity utilization partition application software and maintenance partition application software together.
By implementing the invention, the following two aspects of test case multiplexing can be realized:
on one hand: the multiplexing of the test cases of each partition application software multi-version change upgrading, for example, the multiplexing of the test cases among bus partition application software multi-versions, the multiplexing of the test cases among fuel partition application software multi-versions, the multiplexing of the test cases among hydraulic partition application software multi-versions, the multiplexing of the test cases among cabin door partition application software multi-versions, the multiplexing of the test cases among fire partition application software multi-versions, the multiplexing of the test cases among power supply partition application software multi-versions, the multiplexing of the test cases among ring control partition application software multi-versions, the multiplexing of the test cases among landing gear partition software multi-versions, the multiplexing of the test cases among electric partition application software multi-versions and the multiplexing of the test cases among maintenance partition application software multi-versions.
On the other hand: through the analysis of the common test requirements of all partition application software of the EMP, a test case shared by different partitions can be extracted, and the method mainly comprises the following steps: the method comprises the following steps of heartbeat testing, redundancy voting testing 2, redundancy voting testing 3, redundancy voting testing 4, bus health testing, inter-partition communication testing and the like.
Claims (7)
1. A multi-partition multi-version airborne application software test case multiplexing method is characterized by comprising the following steps:
(1) According to the test requirement, testing the basic version, the version to be tested and the change influence domain to establish a test case multiplexing model;
(2) Extracting common test requirements of different software versions of the same partition according to the test case multiplexing model established in the step (1), and establishing a test case library;
(3) Extracting common test requirements of different partitions according to the test case multiplexing model established in the step (1) and establishing a test case library;
(4) And (3) executing the steps (1) to (3) for the updated software, and updating the test case library, wherein the test case multiplexing model comprises the following steps:
suppose that:
base version RV of software to be tested n Existing test case set TC n ；
Change upgrade version RV of software to be tested n+1 Required test case set TC n+1 ；
To accomplish RV n+1 Version software testing, two aspects of testing need to be performed:
1) Test RV n+1 Relative to RV n Modified part of version software, required test cases TC x ；
2) The required test case consists of two parts: 1.TC n In the RV n+1 Test case of version software, denoted TC nA ，TC nA Is TC n Is represented as
2.TC n Is not suitable for RV n+1 Test case of version software, denoted TC nB ，TC nB Is TC n Is represented as
Then:
1) To RV n+1 The test case required by the regression test of the version software is TC n-1 ＝TC x +TC nA Or is represented by TC n+1 ＝TC x ∪TC nA ；
2) To RV n+1 The test case required by the complete test of the version software is TC n+1 =TC x +TC n -TC nB Or is represented by TC n+1 ＝TC x ∪C u TC nB 。
2. The method for multiplexing the test cases of the multi-partition and multi-version airborne application software of claim 1, wherein the step 2 comprises the following steps:
(21) Designing each software version V for the same partition software 1 、V 2 ……V n Forming a test case database by the test cases;
(22) To-be-tested software version V n+1 And test base version V n Comparing the software change part;
(23) If the test case database has the affected reusable case set, only designing the test case for the change affected part except the affected reusable case set;
(24) If the test case database has no influence on the reusable case set, then V is selected n+1 All changes to the version software affect part of the design of a brand new test case.
3. The method for reusing the test cases of the multi-partition and multi-version onboard application software according to claim 2, wherein the step 3 comprises:
(31) Extracting software version V 1 、V 2 ……V n Test cases shared by different partitions form a commonly-used case set which is used as a component of a test case database;
(32) For software V to be tested n+1 Step (22) is performed, and if the alteration impact portion relates to a common test requirement, steps (23) - (24) are performed on the common test requirement portion.
4. The method for multiplexing the test cases of the multi-partition and multi-version onboard application software according to claim 3, wherein the step 4 comprises the following steps:
(41) Adding the test case newly designed in the step (23) or the step (24) into a test case database, and updating the database;
(42) With V n As a basic plate, for V n+1 Making software changesAnalysis, culling inapplicable V in test case database n+1 。
5. The method for reusing the test cases of the multi-partition and multi-version onboard application software according to claim 1, wherein the step 4 further comprises:
(43) Loading all test cases formed in the step (23) or the step (24) to the software V to be tested n+1 And (6) performing software testing.
6. The method according to claim 3, wherein the multi-partition multi-version onboard application software test case multiplexing method comprises,
the set of commonly usable use cases includes: heartbeat testing, redundancy voting testing, bus health testing and inter-partition communication testing.
7. The method of claim 6, wherein the redundancy voting test comprises: 2 redundancy voting test, 3 redundancy voting test and 4 redundancy voting test.
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