CN1126983A - 小孩安全的剂量器 - Google Patents

小孩安全的剂量器 Download PDF

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CN1126983A
CN1126983A CN94192715A CN94192715A CN1126983A CN 1126983 A CN1126983 A CN 1126983A CN 94192715 A CN94192715 A CN 94192715A CN 94192715 A CN94192715 A CN 94192715A CN 1126983 A CN1126983 A CN 1126983A
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P·布特曼
A·J·沃特斯
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Janssen Pharmaceutica NV
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    • A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
    • A61—MEDICAL OR VETERINARY SCIENCE; HYGIENE
    • A61J—CONTAINERS SPECIALLY ADAPTED FOR MEDICAL OR PHARMACEUTICAL PURPOSES; DEVICES OR METHODS SPECIALLY ADAPTED FOR BRINGING PHARMACEUTICAL PRODUCTS INTO PARTICULAR PHYSICAL OR ADMINISTERING FORMS; DEVICES FOR ADMINISTERING FOOD OR MEDICINES ORALLY; BABY COMFORTERS; DEVICES FOR RECEIVING SPITTLE
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    • G—PHYSICS
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    • G01F11/021—Apparatus requiring external operation adapted at each repeated and identical operation to measure and separate a predetermined volume of fluid or fluent solid material from a supply or container, without regard to weight, and to deliver it with measuring chambers which expand or contract during measurement of the piston type
    • G01F11/025—Apparatus requiring external operation adapted at each repeated and identical operation to measure and separate a predetermined volume of fluid or fluent solid material from a supply or container, without regard to weight, and to deliver it with measuring chambers which expand or contract during measurement of the piston type with manually operated pistons
    • G01F11/027—Apparatus requiring external operation adapted at each repeated and identical operation to measure and separate a predetermined volume of fluid or fluent solid material from a supply or container, without regard to weight, and to deliver it with measuring chambers which expand or contract during measurement of the piston type with manually operated pistons of the syringe type
    • A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
    • A61—MEDICAL OR VETERINARY SCIENCE; HYGIENE
    • A61J—CONTAINERS SPECIALLY ADAPTED FOR MEDICAL OR PHARMACEUTICAL PURPOSES; DEVICES OR METHODS SPECIALLY ADAPTED FOR BRINGING PHARMACEUTICAL PRODUCTS INTO PARTICULAR PHYSICAL OR ADMINISTERING FORMS; DEVICES FOR ADMINISTERING FOOD OR MEDICINES ORALLY; BABY COMFORTERS; DEVICES FOR RECEIVING SPITTLE
    • A61J1/00—Containers specially adapted for medical or pharmaceutical purposes
    • A61J1/14—Details; Accessories therefor
    • A61J1/20—Arrangements for transferring or mixing fluids, e.g. from vial to syringe
    • A61J1/2003—Accessories used in combination with means for transfer or mixing of fluids, e.g. for activating fluid flow, separating fluids, filtering fluid or venting
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    • A61J1/2065—Connecting means having aligning and guiding means

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Abstract

这是一种能防止小孩乱弄的用以盛装和分配液体、特别是药液的器具，它能量出准确的液体剂量。它包括下列部件：瓶子(2)，不能从瓶颈(4)上取下的盖子(5)，盖子与一根中空圆柱体(6)做成一体，圆柱体轴向伸到瓶底(3)附近；还有一只上下拉动的配量器，它由圆筒(8)和柱塞(9)组成。使用配量器是取出瓶中药液的唯一办法，因为圆柱体与盖子连成一体可以防止瓶中液体被倒出来或摇晃出来。本剂量器极易安装，作为生产厂家的产品，它可以贮存、销售和使用。

Description

小孩安全的剂量器
本发明涉及小孩安全的用以盛装和分配液体、特别是药液的器具。该器具包括一只瓶子、一只固定在瓶颈上的盖子和一只上下拉动的配量器。盖子与一根轴向伸到瓶底附近的空心圆柱体连成一体，配量器则装配在圆柱体内，其本身包括一只圆筒和一根柱塞。
从瓶中往外倒药液通常都要求量一量倒出的量以便与医生处方的量相符。大家熟悉的量度是茶匙、汤匙、滴和毫升，而且都是简单地从药瓶中倒出或取出。但是常常也无法防止譬如小孩把整瓶药都倒出来并喝掉。很明显，这类事故不只限于药液，也发生于瓶装或其他容器装的家用或工业用液体。
已经开发出了很多种能从瓶中取出一定剂量药液的器具。其中大多数是特别设计的，使用人可选择调整出非常精确的剂量，但通常都较少注意安全问题，器具也很容易被打开。有些器具提供了一定的安全措施，但往往结构复杂、价格昂贵、操作困难。因此，就突出地需要一种简单的、便于操作的、一次只能从瓶中取出一个剂量的药液的器具。由于需要一次又一次地重复令人厌倦的动作才能从瓶中抽出较多的、危险的剂量，因而会抑制使用人滥用药液(或家用、工业用液体)。
本发明的器具已经解决了这个问题，它能盛装并分配准确剂量的液体，例如药液，它由以下部件组成：
一只盛装液体的瓶子，上有瓶颈，下有瓶底，
一只不能从瓶颈上取下的盖子，盖子与一根空心圆柱体做成一体，该空心圆柱体轴向伸到瓶底附近，上端开口，下端有底，底的中心有孔，
一只上下拉动的配量器，紧密装配在圆柱体内。配量器包括一根圆筒和一根柱塞。圆筒上部的直径大于下部，以保证与圆柱体内壁之间紧密配合，不透空气也不透液体，圆筒下端封闭，中心有孔与圆柱体端头的中心孔对直，
配量器中的柱塞包括活塞头、活塞杆和圆形把手三部分，活塞头与圆筒之间紧密配合，不透空气也不透液体，活塞杆上标有刻度。
下面将用例子来更详细地描述本发明的器具的特性和改进形式，请参考下列三图：
图1为本发明的基本器具剖面图；
图2为附加有大杯子和可撕开的胶带(Tear-off band)的盖子剖面图；
图3为器具顶部剖面图，其中盖子和圆柱体是分开的。
本器具(1)可用以盛装并分配药液，保证准确的剂量，它包括有盛药液用的瓶子(2)，下部为瓶底(3)，上部为瓶颈(4)。瓶子可很方便地用玻璃或合用的硬塑料如聚乙烯或聚丙烯制成，典型容量为0.1升。
盖子(5)紧固于瓶颈(4)上，不能取下，目的是让使用的人撬不开。优选的系统是在瓶颈外侧和盖子内侧做成互相配合的卡扣凸条和凹槽结构。这种系统的优点是，它可以容易地自动组装起来，但却不能适当地拆开而避免损坏。再有，这盖子(5)连着一根中空圆柱体(6)，它轴向伸到瓶底(3)附近，圆柱体上端是开口的，下端有底，底的中心有孔(7)。
本发明的器具还包括一只上下拉动的配量器，它装配在圆柱体(6)之中，包括圆筒(8)和柱塞(9)。配量器能有效地抽出并分配一个剂量的药液。圆筒(8)上部(10)的直径大于下部(11)，以保证圆筒上部与圆柱体(6)内壁之间密贴配合，不透空气也不透液体。圆筒下端有底，底的中心有孔(12)，该孔与圆柱体(6)的中心孔(7)对直。柱塞(9)包括一个活塞头(13)、有刻度的活塞杆(14)和圆形把手(15)，活塞头与圆筒(8)的内壁之间密贴配合，不透空气也不透液体。
圆筒(8)的上部还有一个环形法兰(16)在圆柱体(6)的边缘之上向外伸出。圆筒的高度和内径应使它的容量等于所要求的药液剂量，典型的是以5ml为限。
活塞杆上是标出分度的，优先使用的单位是容积，零线(配量器空载)刻在柱塞全部插入圆筒内时与环形法兰(16)齐平处。使用本器具的人只需把柱塞的圆形把手(15)拉起到指示所需药量的刻度与环形法兰(16)对齐即可。
应该指出，只有当圆筒(8)完全插入圆柱体(6)内时，药液才能被抽上来进入圆筒内。只有当圆筒完全插入圆柱体内时，圆筒上部(10)才能在圆筒和圆柱体之间形成气密的封口，圆筒的内部容积才能通过两个对直的园孔(7)和(12)构成的管道与瓶(2)内的液体相通。
圆筒上部(10)直径大于下部(11)的那一段的长度最好小些，以使在从圆柱体(6)中拔出圆筒(8)时可能被吸入圆柱体内的药液达到最少。但是它的长度也要能在完全插入圆柱体内时保证气密性。
当从圆柱体中拔出配量器时，其动程不会使药液被取出或溢出。举例说，把整个剂量器倒转就会使圆柱体底部的孔(7)突出在倒转的瓶中的液体水平面以上的空气中，可防止药液倒出来或摇晃出来。因此，只有把配量器全部插入才是取出瓶中药液的唯一办法。
本发明的器具还可方便地再在盖子(5)的外凸缘(18)上加装一只大杯子(17)，用可取下的卡扣(removably snap-fitting)连结(见图2)。大杯子是准备盛配量器抽出的药液用的，必要时还可盛稀释药液用的水或饮料。大杯子的容量一般可以是配量器容积的四到六倍。在本器具上装上大杯子当能劝阻用户把药直接注入口中，那样做有可能污染配量器并最终污染瓶中的药液。同时，大杯子还可为剂量器贮存时多加一层保护封套。
为了使剂量器具有防止乱动的性能，大杯子(17)可以很方便地用可撕开的封条(tear-off seal)、封带或胶带(19)与盖子(5)连结起来。这样，剂量器就可封闭得干净利索，不会被污染，内部装的药液也不会受到污染。封条只是在使用当时才除掉，只要有封条在就说明没有人乱动过剂量器。把封条和大杯子打开后才能把配量器从圆柱体中拔出来。
本发明的剂量器还可用以下办法来进一步提高它的防止小孩乱弄的性能，就是在盖子(5)上装一只精巧的可防小孩乱弄的外部螺旋盖来代替大杯子(17)。那种靠压劲加转动才能打开的螺旋盖在这里特别有用。这种螺旋该当不用压劲时只是在盖子(5)上自由旋转。显而易见，这种能防小孩乱弄的螺旋盖不适于用作大杯子。能防小孩乱弄的外部螺旋盖与卡扣配合的盖子(5)之间可以很方便地用可撕开的胶带(19)把它们连接在一起，就象上文提到过的那样。
还须进一步指出，盖子(5)和圆柱体(6)不一定非连成整体不可，也可以分开，外加一个垫圈(20)(见图3)。为把圆柱体固定在盖子内，圆柱体上做成一个径向延伸凸缘(21)。垫圈(20)与凸缘(21)适配，并突出在瓶颈(4)的边缘之上，保持盖子与圆柱体之间不透气的密封。
本发明的剂量器极易安装，包括用自动机械安装，只要把与上述上下拉动的配量器配合的盖子(5)压到盛有一定量液体的瓶子上即可。由生产厂家提供的这种剂量器可以贮存、销售和使用。本发明的剂量器，除能防止小孩乱弄、结构简单和卫生之外，它还有一个优点，就是盖子(5)、圆柱体(6)和配量器可以做成不同剂量的系列，各有不同的直径和(或)长度。上面描述的盖子(5)和上下拉动式配量器，或是一体式的或是分开的部件，带有不带有大杯子，带有不带有能防小孩乱弄的外螺旋盖，这些意味着可组成更多试样的本发明的剂量器。

Claims (8)

1.一种用以盛装和以准确的剂量分配液体的器具，包括下列部件：
一只盛液体的瓶子(2)，下面是瓶底(3)，上面是瓶颈(4)；
一只不能从瓶颈上取下的盖子(5)，它与中空圆柱体(6)连成一体，圆柱体轴向伸到瓶底(3)附近，上端开口，下端有底，底的中心开有孔(7)；
一只上下拉动式配量器，它装配在圆柱体(6)内，它包括圆筒(8)和柱塞(9)，其中圆筒(8)包括直径较大的上部(10)和直径较小的下部(11)，上部直径较大是为了保证与圆柱体(6)的内壁之间保持密贴配合，不透空气也不透液体；圆筒(8)下端有底并在中心开有孔(12)，该孔与圆柱体(6)上的中心孔(7)对直；配量器中的柱塞(9)包括活塞头(13)、带刻度的活塞杆(14)和圆形把手(15)，活塞头与圆筒(8)的内壁之间密贴配合，不透空气也不透液体。
2.权利要求1的器具，其中盖子(5)用凸条和凹槽结构与瓶颈(4)相适配。
3.权利要求1的器具，其中盖子(5)包括外凸缘(18)，该器具还可配备一只与上述外凸缘卡扣装配，但可打开取下的大杯子(17)。
4.权利要求3的器具，其中大杯子(17)是用可撕下的胶带(tear-off band)(19)连结到盖子(5)上。
5.权利要求1的器具，其中用一只小孩安全但可取下的外部螺旋盖装配到盖子(5)上。
6.权利要求5的器具，其中小孩安全的外部螺旋盖系用可撕下的胶带(19)连结到盖子(5)上。
7.权利要求1的器具，其中连结起来的盖子(5)和圆柱体(6)是分立的部件，圆柱体上有一个径向延伸的凸缘(21)，该器具内还有一个垫圈(20)，用以包住圆柱体的外部凸缘并使盖子与圆柱体之间密贴配合，不透空气也不透液体。
8.权利要求1至7任一项中所描述的盖子(5)和上下拉动式配量器。
CN94192715A 1993-07-08 1994-06-30 用于盛装和以准确的剂量分配液体的器具 Expired - Fee Related CN1043981C (zh)

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CN104619304A (zh) * 2012-08-09 2015-05-13 杜杰克特医疗系统有限公司 重构装置
CN104619304B (zh) * 2012-08-09 2018-07-03 杜杰克特医疗系统有限公司 重构装置
CN110547970A (zh) * 2019-09-12 2019-12-10 青岛市第三人民医院 一种儿科简易喂药器
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FI960049A0 (fi) 1996-01-05
AU7490594A (en) 1995-02-06
DK0706487T3 (da) 2001-01-08
RU2123466C1 (ru) 1998-12-20
PL174320B1 (pl) 1998-07-31
NO954924L (no) 1995-12-05
DE69426023T2 (de) 2001-05-10
FI960049A (fi) 1996-01-05
HU218496B (hu) 2000-09-28
KR100303459B1 (ko) 2001-11-30
JP3503067B2 (ja) 2004-03-02
CN1043981C (zh) 1999-07-07
NZ271314A (en) 1997-04-24
AU684536B2 (en) 1997-12-18
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IL110228A (en) 1997-09-30
WO1995001924A1 (en) 1995-01-19
NO309516B1 (no) 2001-02-12
CA2164851C (en) 2005-09-27
PT706487E (pt) 2001-03-30
DE69426023D1 (de) 2000-11-02
EP0706487B1 (en) 2000-09-27
NO954924D0 (no) 1995-12-05
IL110228A0 (en) 1994-10-21
HUT73967A (en) 1996-10-28
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CA2164851A1 (en) 1995-01-19
US5746349A (en) 1998-05-05
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ATE196625T1 (de) 2000-10-15
PL312466A1 (en) 1996-04-29

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