CN112698394A - Method and device for determining size of design surface element of two-dimensional observation system - Google Patents
Method and device for determining size of design surface element of two-dimensional observation system Download PDFInfo
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- CN112698394A CN112698394A CN201911004066.7A CN201911004066A CN112698394A CN 112698394 A CN112698394 A CN 112698394A CN 201911004066 A CN201911004066 A CN 201911004066A CN 112698394 A CN112698394 A CN 112698394A
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- G01—MEASURING; TESTING
- G01V—GEOPHYSICS; GRAVITATIONAL MEASUREMENTS; DETECTING MASSES OR OBJECTS; TAGS
- G01V1/00—Seismology; Seismic or acoustic prospecting or detecting
- G01V1/28—Processing seismic data, e.g. analysis, for interpretation, for correction
- G01V1/30—Analysis
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- G—PHYSICS
- G01—MEASURING; TESTING
- G01V—GEOPHYSICS; GRAVITATIONAL MEASUREMENTS; DETECTING MASSES OR OBJECTS; TAGS
- G01V1/00—Seismology; Seismic or acoustic prospecting or detecting
- G01V1/16—Receiving elements for seismic signals; Arrangements or adaptations of receiving elements
- G01V1/20—Arrangements of receiving elements, e.g. geophone pattern
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- G—PHYSICS
- G01—MEASURING; TESTING
- G01V—GEOPHYSICS; GRAVITATIONAL MEASUREMENTS; DETECTING MASSES OR OBJECTS; TAGS
- G01V1/00—Seismology; Seismic or acoustic prospecting or detecting
- G01V1/28—Processing seismic data, e.g. analysis, for interpretation, for correction
Abstract
The embodiment of the invention provides a method and a device for determining the size of a design surface element of a two-dimensional observation system, wherein the method comprises the following steps: acquiring a direction field of seismic waves according to the actual propagation speed of the seismic waves sampled in the area to be sampled; acquiring a gradient field of the seismic wave according to the direction field of the seismic wave; carrying out transverse sampling interpolation on the shot gather data of the seismic waves according to the gradient field of the seismic waves; and determining an interpolation channel with the frequency and the signal-to-noise ratio according with the preset identification degree, and taking the determined interpolation distance of the interpolation channel as the size of the design surface element of the two-dimensional observation system. The scheme can realize data recovery capability and acquisition cost, has good guiding effect on selection of field acquisition parameters, sampling encryption and optimization of acquisition design schemes, has non-negligible effect on development of high-density seismic data acquisition design with ultra-long and ultra-wide arrays, and is favorable for having wide application prospect.
Description
Technical Field
The invention relates to the technical field of geophysical exploration, in particular to a method and a device for determining the size of a design surface element of a two-dimensional observation system.
Background
Aiming at a two-dimensional observation system in the geophysical exploration process, the two-dimensional observation system is used for acquiring seismic data, the sparsity degree of the acquired data depends on the size of a design surface element of the two-dimensional observation system, the larger the size of the design surface element is, the more sparse the acquired data is, the smaller the size of the design surface element is, and the denser the acquired data is, however, the two-dimensional observation system has the following defects at present: the too large size of the design surface element causes the sparsity of sparsely sampled data, and the data recovery capability is reduced; or the size of the designed surface element is too small, so that the acquired data is too dense, and the cost of acquiring the data is increased.
Disclosure of Invention
The embodiment of the invention provides a method for determining the size of a design surface element of a two-dimensional observation system, which aims to solve the technical problem that the two-dimensional observation system in the prior art cannot give consideration to both data recovery capability and cost in the data acquisition process. The method comprises the following steps:
acquiring a direction field of seismic waves according to the actual propagation speed of the seismic waves sampled in the area to be sampled;
acquiring a gradient field of the seismic wave according to the direction field of the seismic wave;
carrying out transverse sampling interpolation on the shot gather data of the seismic waves according to the gradient field of the seismic waves;
and taking the interpolation distance corresponding to the interpolation channel with the frequency and the signal-to-noise ratio conforming to the preset identification degree as the size of the design surface element of the two-dimensional observation system.
The embodiment of the invention also provides a device for determining the size of the design surface element of the two-dimensional observation system, so as to solve the technical problem that the two-dimensional observation system in the prior art cannot give consideration to both the data recovery capability and the cost in the data acquisition process. The device includes:
the directional field acquisition module is used for acquiring the directional field of the seismic wave according to the actual propagation speed of the seismic wave sampled in the area to be sampled;
the gradient field acquisition module is used for acquiring a gradient field of the seismic wave according to the direction field of the seismic wave;
the interpolation module is used for carrying out transverse sampling interpolation on the shot gather data according to the gradient field of the seismic waves;
and the determining module is used for taking the interpolation distance corresponding to the interpolation channel with the frequency and the signal-to-noise ratio conforming to the preset identification degree as the size of the two-dimensional observation system design surface element.
In the embodiment of the invention, the direction field of seismic waves is obtained through the actual propagation velocity of the seismic waves sampled in a region to be sampled, the gradient field of the seismic waves is further obtained, then the shot gather data of the seismic waves is transversely sampled and interpolated according to the gradient field of the seismic waves, finally, an interpolation channel which accords with the preset identification degree is determined according to the frequency and the signal-to-noise ratio of the interpolation channel after interpolation, the interpolation distance of the interpolation channel is taken as the size of a design bin of a two-dimensional observation system, namely, the direction field of the seismic waves is determined, the data recovery capability of the seismic waves in different directions for sparse sampling can be researched by utilizing a vector wave field analysis technology based on the direction field, then the transverse sampling interpolation is carried out after the gradient field is determined based on the direction field with higher data recovery capability, and finally, whether the interpolated data meet the data recovery requirement is measured through whether the frequency and the signal-to-noise ratio, and then the interpolation distance that interpolation channel that frequency and SNR accord with to predetermineeing the degree of identification corresponds is regarded as the design surface element size, because be the design surface element size that carries out the interpolation and confirm based on the higher direction field of data recovery ability, can not be too intensive relatively when using this design surface element size data collection, the requirement of data recovery also can be satisfied to the sample data, when treating the sampling region data acquisition, be favorable to realizing taking into account data recovery ability and collection cost, this application has fine guide effect to the selection of field collection parameter, the optimization of sampling encryption and collection design scheme, to the high density seismic data collection design of developing overlength super wide range has not negligible effect, can have extensive application prospect.
Drawings
The accompanying drawings, which are included to provide a further understanding of the invention and are incorporated in and constitute a part of this application, illustrate embodiment(s) of the invention and together with the description serve to explain the principles of the invention. In the drawings:
fig. 1 is a flowchart of a method for determining a design bin size of a two-dimensional observation system according to an embodiment of the present invention;
fig. 2 is a schematic diagram of aliasing and signal distortion of sampled data according to an embodiment of the present invention;
fig. 3 is a schematic diagram of data after interpolation recovery based on directionality according to an embodiment of the present invention;
FIG. 4 is a schematic diagram of a programming interface of a proper wavelength interpolation algorithm according to an embodiment of the present invention;
FIG. 5 is a schematic diagram of a forward simulation theoretical model according to an embodiment of the present invention;
FIG. 6 is a first schematic diagram illustrating comparison between sparsely sampled data and recovered data according to an embodiment of the present invention;
FIG. 7 is a second schematic diagram illustrating comparison between sparsely sampled data and recovered data according to an embodiment of the present invention;
FIG. 8 is a schematic diagram of comparing sparsely sampled data and recovered data according to a third embodiment of the present invention;
FIG. 9 is a block diagram of a computer device according to an embodiment of the present invention;
fig. 10 is a block diagram of a device for determining a design bin size of a two-dimensional observation system according to an embodiment of the present invention.
Detailed Description
In order to make the objects, technical solutions and advantages of the present invention more apparent, the present invention will be described in further detail with reference to the following embodiments and accompanying drawings. The exemplary embodiments and descriptions of the present invention are provided to explain the present invention, but not to limit the present invention.
In an embodiment of the present invention, a method for determining a design bin size of a two-dimensional observation system is provided, as shown in fig. 1, the method includes:
step 102: acquiring a direction field of seismic waves according to the actual propagation speed of the seismic waves sampled in the area to be sampled;
step 104: acquiring a gradient field of the seismic wave according to the direction field of the seismic wave;
step 106: carrying out transverse sampling interpolation on the shot gather data of the seismic waves according to the gradient field of the seismic waves;
step 108: and taking the interpolation distance corresponding to the interpolation channel with the frequency and the signal-to-noise ratio conforming to the preset identification degree as the size of the design surface element of the two-dimensional observation system.
It can be known from the process shown in fig. 1 that, in the embodiment of the present invention, a direction field of seismic waves is obtained by an actual propagation velocity of the seismic waves sampled in a region to be sampled, a gradient field of the seismic waves is further obtained, then, transverse sampling interpolation is performed on shot gather data of the seismic waves according to the gradient field of the seismic waves, finally, an interpolation channel conforming to a preset identification degree is determined according to a frequency and a signal-to-noise ratio of the interpolation channel after interpolation, an interpolation distance of the interpolation channel is taken as a size of a design bin of a two-dimensional observation system, that is, the direction field of the seismic waves is determined, a data recovery capability of the seismic waves in sparse sampling in different directions can be researched by using a wave field analysis technology based on a direction field vector, then, transverse sampling interpolation is performed after the gradient field is determined based on a direction field with a higher data recovery capability, and finally, whether the interpolated data meets the data recovery requirement is measured by whether the frequency and, and then the interpolation distance that interpolation channel that frequency and SNR accord with to predetermineeing the degree of identification corresponds is regarded as the design surface element size, because be the design surface element size that carries out the interpolation and confirm based on the higher direction field of data recovery ability, can not be too intensive relatively when using this design surface element size data collection, the requirement of data recovery also can be satisfied to the sample data, when treating the sampling region data acquisition, be favorable to realizing taking into account data recovery ability and collection cost, this application has fine guide effect to the selection of field collection parameter, the optimization of sampling encryption and collection design scheme, to the high density seismic data collection design of developing overlength super wide range has not negligible effect, can have extensive application prospect.
In specific implementation, the inventors of the present application found that sampling data obtained by sparse sampling may cause severe aliasing and signal distortion, as shown in fig. 2 (curve 1 represents an original signal, and curve 2 represents an acquired signal). If the movement direction information of each sampling point is obtained, a wave field signal without spurious frequency can be reconstructed through a vector interpolation technology, and the fitting effect of the seismic signals with directionality after interpolation reconstruction is shown in figure 3 (the inclined direction of the thick line at each black point in figure 3 represents the movement direction specific direction of the sampling point).
In specific implementation, the directional field of the sampling point can be calculated by the following formula:
ATAN (Z component sample value/X component sample value)/pi X180
Aiming at seismic waves collected by using a two-component velocity detector, the seismic wave data comprise data parallel to a receiving direction and data vertical to the receiving direction, an X component is a component parallel to the receiving line direction, and the value of the X component is positive and negative characteristics; the Z component is a component perpendicular to the receive line direction and has positive and negative characteristics. And (3) calculating positive and negative values and changes in the result, namely calculating the directional characteristics of the target sampling point, wherein the numerical value set of the positive and negative values and changes is the numerical characteristics of the target directional field.
In specific implementation, after acquiring the directional field of the seismic wave, a vector wave field analysis technology can be adopted to analyze the data recovery capability of the seismic wave in sparse sampling along different directions, and in order to improve the data recovery capability and reduce the acquisition cost, the inventor of the present application finds that the data parallel to the receiving direction has more data recovery capability than the data perpendicular to the receiving direction, so that it is proposed to perform interpolation to recover data based on the directional field parallel to the receiving direction, for example, the directional field parallel to the receiving direction in the seismic wave is acquired according to the actual propagation speed of the seismic wave sampled in a region to be sampled, then a gradient field is acquired based on the directional field parallel to the receiving direction, transverse sampling interpolation is performed on the shot gather data of the seismic wave based on the gradient field, finally, an interpolation channel conforming to a preset identification degree is determined according to the frequency and the signal-to-noise ratio, and the interpolation distance of the interpolation channel can be used as the size of a two-dimensional observation system design bin, and the corresponding acquisition parameters are used for the optimal design of an observation system as corresponding acquisition parameters for the geological structure of the region to be sampled. Because the data parallel to the receiving direction has stronger data recovery capability relatively, the method calculates the direction field and the gradient field based on the data parallel to the receiving direction, determines the interpolation channel according with the preset identification degree based on the frequency and the signal-to-noise ratio, and the like, so that the data recovery capability can be further ensured by adopting the determined interpolation distance as the size of the design surface element of the two-dimensional observation system, the acquired data can be relatively prevented from being too dense, and the data acquisition cost is favorably reduced.
In specific implementation, the gradient field of the seismic waves can be obtained according to a direction field parallel to the receiving direction in the seismic waves by the following formula:
wherein, f (x) is seismic data parallel to the receiving direction in the seismic waves;
g(x；θj) Is a parameter set thetajThe basis function of (decomposing a single channel of data into a plurality of single frequency signals as the basis function);
gx(x；θj) Is the basis function g (x; thetaj) The spatial gradient of (a); f. ofx(x) A gradient field corresponding to seismic data parallel to the receive direction;
a formula (for example, "means", "is defined as", "is equivalent to", etc.); x is the sampling frequency and j is the sampling dominant frequency.
In specific implementation, in order to implement interpolation based on seismic data parallel to the receiving direction to recover data and further determine the size of a two-dimensional observation system design surface element, in this embodiment, performing lateral sampling interpolation on shot gather data of seismic waves according to the gradient field of the seismic waves includes:
determining an interpolation distance according to the number of interpolation channels and a gradient field corresponding to the sampling main frequency in the seismic data parallel to the receiving direction; wherein, the gradient field corresponding to the sampling main frequency in the seismic data parallel to the receiving direction is a passing formula
A determined gradient field; and then carrying out transverse sampling interpolation on the shot gather data of the seismic waves according to the interpolation distance.
During specific implementation, in the process of performing transverse sampling interpolation on seismic wave shot gather data, transverse sampling interpolation can be performed by adopting an interpolation distance, whether the frequency and the signal-to-noise ratio of the interpolated recovered data meet the preset identification degree or not is judged, namely whether the frequency and the signal-to-noise ratio are greater than the preset identification degree or not is judged, and if yes, the interpolation distance can be used as the size of a design surface element of the two-dimensional observation system; and carrying out transverse sampling interpolation by adopting a plurality of different interpolation distances, judging whether the frequency and the signal-to-noise ratio of the recovered data after each interpolation meet the preset identification degree, namely whether the frequency and the signal-to-noise ratio are greater than the preset identification degree, and determining an interpolation channel with the frequency and the signal-to-noise ratio greater than the preset identification degree, wherein the interpolation distance corresponding to the interpolation channel can be used as the size of a two-dimensional observation system design surface element.
In specific implementation, the preset identification degree can be a preset signal-to-noise ratio curve or amplitude variation, and can also be a recognizable preset seismic wave hyperbolic characteristic.
In specific implementation, the method for determining the size of the design bin of the two-dimensional observation system may be implemented by a program, an interface implemented by the program is shown in fig. 4, and the method for determining the size of the design bin of the two-dimensional observation system may include the following steps:
step 4, sampling main frequency (namely basis function g (x; theta) in the seismic data parallel to the receiving direction according to the number of interpolation channelsj) Corresponding gradient field (i.e. g)x(x；θj) Determining an interpolation distance, and then performing interpolation calculation and wave field data recovery based on the interpolation distance;
step 5, analyzing interpolation effects of all basis functions of different track pitches and performing frequency, signal-to-noise ratio and other related analysis;
and 6, taking the interpolation track pitch corresponding to the interpolation track with the frequency and the signal-to-noise ratio larger than the preset identification degree (specifically, the preset identification degree can be set according to the signal-to-noise ratio condition of the basis function autocorrelation data) as the size of the design surface element.
The method for determining the size of the design bin of the two-dimensional observation system is described below with reference to a specific example, where the region to be sampled is an example of a forward modeling theoretical model shown in fig. 5:
1) extracting a three-component single shot data sample from test data of which the seismic wave data collected by an observation system are 100m track pitch, 20m shot pitch and 3S3L1000T wide line design, and identifying and extracting X, Y, Z data of three single components by referring to data track header word information;
2) selecting horizontal X component data (shown as a left graph in fig. 8) parallel to the direction of a receiving line, and respectively performing data thinning of 200m track spacing (shown as a left graph in fig. 7) and 400m track spacing (shown as a left graph in fig. 6) on the horizontal X component data to simulate two kinds of sparse sampling data;
3) recovering the 200 m-track sparse sampling data generated in the step 2 into 100 m-track (as shown in the right graph in fig. 8) sparse sampling data by using a vector wave field interpolation algorithm in the determination method for designing the bin size of the two-dimensional observation system, and recovering the 400 m-track sparse sampling data generated in the step 2 into 200 m-track (as shown in the right graph in fig. 6 and fig. 7) sparse sampling data by using a 100m interpolation distance;
4) the effect comparison is carried out on the original data of the track pitch of 100m and the three recovery data of the track pitch of 100m after the simulated thinning-vector interpolation in sequence, so that the obvious result that the recovery data of the track pitch of 100m after the thinning is 200m still has good identification degree in the aspect of reflected wave energy.
5) Accordingly, the design scheme that the channel distance of 200m is the size of the design surface element of the two-dimensional observation system can be optimized by considering the relevant requirements of controlling the acquisition cost and guaranteeing the acquisition quality.
In this embodiment, a computer device is provided, as shown in fig. 9, and includes a memory 902, a processor 904, and a computer program stored on the memory and executable on the processor, and the processor executes the computer program to implement any of the above-mentioned methods for determining a design bin size of a two-dimensional observation system.
In particular, the computer device may be a computer terminal, a server or a similar computing device.
In the present embodiment, there is provided a computer-readable storage medium storing a computer program for executing the above-described method for determining a design bin size of a two-dimensional observation system.
In particular, computer-readable storage media, including both non-transitory and non-transitory, removable and non-removable media, may implement information storage by any method or technology. The information may be computer readable instructions, data structures, modules of a program, or other data. Examples of computer-readable storage media include, but are not limited to, phase change memory (PRAM), Static Random Access Memory (SRAM), Dynamic Random Access Memory (DRAM), other types of Random Access Memory (RAM), Read Only Memory (ROM), Electrically Erasable Programmable Read Only Memory (EEPROM), flash memory or other memory technology, compact disc read only memory (CD-ROM), Digital Versatile Discs (DVD) or other optical storage, magnetic cassettes, magnetic tape magnetic disk storage or other magnetic storage devices, or any other non-transmission medium that can be used to store information that can be accessed by a computing device. As defined herein, a computer readable storage medium does not include a transitory computer readable medium such as a modulated data signal and a carrier wave.
Based on the same inventive concept, the embodiment of the present invention further provides a device for determining a design bin size of a two-dimensional observation system, as described in the following embodiments. Because the principle of solving the problem of the device for determining the size of the design surface element of the two-dimensional observation system is similar to the method for determining the size of the design surface element of the two-dimensional observation system, the implementation of the device for determining the size of the design surface element of the two-dimensional observation system can refer to the implementation of the method for determining the size of the design surface element of the two-dimensional observation system, and repeated parts are not described again. As used hereinafter, the term "unit" or "module" may be a combination of software and/or hardware that implements a predetermined function. Although the means described in the embodiments below are preferably implemented in software, an implementation in hardware, or a combination of software and hardware is also possible and contemplated.
Fig. 10 is a block diagram showing a configuration of an apparatus for determining a design bin size of a two-dimensional observation system according to an embodiment of the present invention, as shown in fig. 10, the apparatus includes:
the directional field obtaining module 1002 is configured to obtain a directional field of a seismic wave according to an actual propagation velocity of the seismic wave sampled in a region to be sampled;
a gradient field obtaining module 1004, configured to obtain a gradient field of the seismic wave according to a directional field of the seismic wave;
an interpolation module 1006, configured to perform lateral sampling interpolation on shot gather data according to the gradient field of the seismic wave;
the determining module 1008 is configured to use an interpolation distance corresponding to an interpolation channel with a frequency and a signal-to-noise ratio that meet a preset identification degree as a size of a two-dimensional observation system design bin.
In one embodiment, the direction field obtaining module is specifically configured to obtain a direction field parallel to a receiving direction in the seismic waves according to an actual propagation speed of the seismic waves sampled in the region to be sampled;
the gradient field acquisition module is specifically used for acquiring a gradient field of the seismic waves according to a direction field parallel to the receiving direction in the seismic waves.
In one embodiment, the gradient field acquisition module acquires the gradient field of the seismic waves according to the direction field parallel to the receiving direction in the seismic waves by:
wherein, f (x) is seismic data parallel to the receiving direction in the seismic waves;
g(x；θj) Is a parameter set thetajA basis function of (a);
gx(x；θj) Is the basis function g (x; thetaj) The spatial gradient of (a); f. ofx(x) A gradient field corresponding to seismic data parallel to the receive direction;
represents a definitional formula; x is the sampling frequency and j is the sampling dominant frequency.
In one embodiment, the interpolation module is specifically configured to determine an interpolation distance according to the number of interpolation channels and a gradient field corresponding to a sampling main frequency in the seismic data parallel to the receiving direction; and carrying out transverse sampling interpolation on the shot gather data of the seismic waves according to the interpolation distance.
The embodiment of the invention realizes the following technical effects: in the embodiment of the invention, the direction field of seismic waves is obtained through the actual propagation velocity of the seismic waves sampled in a region to be sampled, the gradient field of the seismic waves is further obtained, then the shot gather data of the seismic waves is transversely sampled and interpolated according to the gradient field of the seismic waves, finally, an interpolation channel which accords with the preset identification degree is determined according to the frequency and the signal-to-noise ratio of the interpolation channel after interpolation, the interpolation distance of the interpolation channel is taken as the size of a design bin of a two-dimensional observation system, namely, the direction field of the seismic waves is determined, the data recovery capability of the seismic waves in different directions for sparse sampling can be researched by utilizing a vector wave field analysis technology based on the direction field, then the transverse sampling interpolation is carried out after the gradient field is determined based on the direction field with higher data recovery capability, and finally, whether the interpolated data meet the data recovery requirement is measured through whether the frequency and the signal-to-noise ratio, and then the interpolation distance that interpolation channel that frequency and SNR accord with to predetermineeing the degree of identification corresponds is regarded as the design surface element size, because be the design surface element size that carries out the interpolation and confirm based on the higher direction field of data recovery ability, can not be too intensive relatively when using this design surface element size data collection, the requirement of data recovery also can be satisfied to the sample data, when treating the sampling region data acquisition, be favorable to realizing taking into account data recovery ability and collection cost, this application has fine guide effect to the selection of field collection parameter, the optimization of sampling encryption and collection design scheme, to the high density seismic data collection design of developing overlength super wide range has not negligible effect, can have extensive application prospect.
It will be apparent to those skilled in the art that the modules or steps of the embodiments of the invention described above may be implemented by a general purpose computing device, they may be centralized on a single computing device or distributed across a network of multiple computing devices, and alternatively, they may be implemented by program code executable by a computing device, such that they may be stored in a storage device and executed by a computing device, and in some cases, the steps shown or described may be performed in an order different than that described herein, or they may be separately fabricated into individual integrated circuit modules, or multiple ones of them may be fabricated into a single integrated circuit module. Thus, embodiments of the invention are not limited to any specific combination of hardware and software.
The above description is only a preferred embodiment of the present invention, and is not intended to limit the present invention, and various modifications and changes may be made to the embodiment of the present invention by those skilled in the art. Any modification, equivalent replacement, or improvement made within the spirit and principle of the present invention should be included in the protection scope of the present invention.
Claims (10)
1. A method for determining the size of a design bin of a two-dimensional observation system is characterized by comprising the following steps:
acquiring a direction field of seismic waves according to the actual propagation speed of the seismic waves sampled in the area to be sampled;
acquiring a gradient field of the seismic wave according to the direction field of the seismic wave;
carrying out transverse sampling interpolation on the shot gather data of the seismic waves according to the gradient field of the seismic waves;
and taking the interpolation distance corresponding to the interpolation channel with the frequency and the signal-to-noise ratio conforming to the preset identification degree as the size of the design surface element of the two-dimensional observation system.
2. The method for determining the design bin size of a two-dimensional observation system according to claim 1, wherein acquiring the directional field of the seismic waves according to the actual propagation velocity of the seismic waves sampled in the area to be sampled comprises:
acquiring a direction field parallel to a receiving direction in the seismic waves according to the actual propagation speed of the seismic waves sampled in the area to be sampled;
acquiring a gradient field of the seismic wave according to the direction field of the seismic wave, wherein the gradient field of the seismic wave comprises the following steps:
and acquiring a gradient field of the seismic waves according to a direction field parallel to the receiving direction in the seismic waves.
3. The method for determining the design bin size of the two-dimensional observation system according to claim 2, wherein the step of obtaining the gradient field of the seismic waves according to the directional field parallel to the receiving direction in the seismic waves is realized by the following formula:
wherein, f (x) is seismic data parallel to the receiving direction in the seismic waves;
g(x；θj) Is a parameter set thetajA basis function of (a);
gx(x；θj) Is the basis function g (x; thetaj) The spatial gradient of (a); f. ofx(x) A gradient field corresponding to seismic data parallel to the receive direction;
represents a definitional formula; x is the sampling frequency and j is the sampling dominant frequency.
4. A method for determining a design bin size for a two-dimensional observation system according to any one of claims 1 to 3, wherein the transversely sampling interpolation of the shot gather data of the seismic waves according to the gradient field of the seismic waves comprises:
determining an interpolation distance according to the number of interpolation channels and a gradient field corresponding to the sampling main frequency in the seismic data parallel to the receiving direction;
and carrying out transverse sampling interpolation on the shot gather data of the seismic waves according to the interpolation distance.
5. An apparatus for determining a design bin size for a two-dimensional vision system, comprising:
the directional field acquisition module is used for acquiring the directional field of the seismic wave according to the actual propagation speed of the seismic wave sampled in the area to be sampled;
the gradient field acquisition module is used for acquiring a gradient field of the seismic wave according to the direction field of the seismic wave;
the interpolation module is used for carrying out transverse sampling interpolation on the shot gather data according to the gradient field of the seismic waves;
and the determining module is used for taking the interpolation distance corresponding to the interpolation channel with the frequency and the signal-to-noise ratio conforming to the preset identification degree as the size of the two-dimensional observation system design surface element.
6. The two-dimensional observation system design bin size determining apparatus of claim 5,
the directional field acquisition module is specifically used for acquiring a directional field parallel to the receiving direction in the seismic waves according to the actual propagation speed of the seismic waves sampled in the area to be sampled;
the gradient field acquisition module is specifically used for acquiring a gradient field of the seismic waves according to a direction field parallel to the receiving direction in the seismic waves.
7. The apparatus for determining the design bin size of a two-dimensional observation system according to claim 6, wherein the gradient field obtaining module obtains the gradient field of the seismic waves according to the direction field parallel to the receiving direction in the seismic waves by:
wherein, f (x) is seismic data parallel to the receiving direction in the seismic waves;
g(x；θj) Is a parameter set thetajA basis function of (a);
gx(x；θj) Is the basis function g (x; thetaj) The spatial gradient of (a); f. ofx(x) A gradient field corresponding to seismic data parallel to the receive direction;
represents a definitional formula; x is the sampling frequency and j is the sampling dominant frequency.
8. The apparatus for determining a design bin size of a two-dimensional observation system according to any one of claims 5 to 7, wherein the interpolation module is specifically configured to determine the interpolation distance according to the number of interpolation channels and a gradient field corresponding to the sampling main frequency in the seismic data parallel to the receiving direction; and carrying out transverse sampling interpolation on the shot gather data of the seismic waves according to the interpolation distance.
9. A computer device comprising a memory, a processor and a computer program stored on the memory and executable on the processor, wherein the processor when executing the computer program implements the method for determining a design bin size for a two-dimensional vision system as set forth in any one of claims 1 to 4.
10. A computer-readable storage medium storing a computer program for executing the method for determining a design bin size of a two-dimensional viewing system according to any one of claims 1 to 4.
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