CN112697418A

CN112697418A - Testing arrangement is used in children's toy production

Info

Publication number: CN112697418A
Application number: CN202011584283.0A
Authority: CN
Inventors: 钟赛君
Original assignee: Yunnan College of Bussiness Management
Current assignee: Yunnan College of Bussiness Management
Priority date: 2020-12-28
Filing date: 2020-12-28
Publication date: 2021-04-23
Anticipated expiration: 2040-12-28
Also published as: CN112697418B

Abstract

The invention discloses a testing device for child toy production, which comprises a bearing plate, a pressing plate, a clamping box and a control box, wherein the pressing plate is arranged right above the bearing plate, the top of the bearing plate is fixedly connected with four support columns which are symmetrical pairwise, the tops of the two support columns positioned on the same side are fixedly connected with the same control box, a clamping assembly for clamping a toy is arranged in the clamping box, a rotating assembly for rotating the clamping box is arranged in the control box, and a conversion assembly for converting the rotating assembly and the clamping assembly to work is arranged at the bottom of the control box. According to the invention, through the mutual matching among the clamping component, the conversion component, the rotating component and the driving component, the automatic clamping of the toy is realized, the toy is rotated for a circle, and the operation of loosening is carried out after omnibearing detection, so that the workload of workers is greatly saved, the working efficiency is improved, the structure is simple, and the operation is convenient.

Description

Testing arrangement is used in children's toy production

Technical Field

The invention relates to the technical field of toys, in particular to a testing device for production of children toys.

Background

The quality of toy is crucial to infant's healthy growth, and the plastics toy can bear certain pressure, reduces the toy and appears the damage and cause the injury to infant, and present toy pressure test carries out pressure test to single toy, and efficiency is slow when carrying out batch pressure test.

The invention with the publication number of CN109991093A discloses a testing device for the production of children toys, aiming at the problems that the distance between two positioning plates is fixed and the existing testing device is suitable for toys with different sizes, and the touch display peripheral on the control box can not be protected after the parameter setting is finished, and has no function of preventing misoperation, and the following proposal is provided, the test device for the production of the children toys improves the applicability of the pressure test device to the children toys with different sizes.

However, the clamping of the toy needs to be adjusted manually, the toy is controlled manually, automation is low, detection efficiency is low, the toy cannot be tested in all directions, only one side can be tested, and after the test is finished, the braking state of the toy still needs to be released manually, and operation is complicated.

Disclosure of Invention

Aiming at the defects of the prior art, the invention provides the testing device for the production of the children toys, which is higher in automation and can carry out all-around testing on the toys.

In order to achieve the purpose, the invention provides the following technical scheme: the utility model provides a testing arrangement is used in children's toy production, includes bearing plate, clamp plate, presss from both sides tight case and control box, the clamp plate sets up directly over the bearing plate, four bisymmetry's of top fixedly connected with support column of bearing plate is located two with one side the same control box of top fixedly connected with of support column, the inside of pressing from both sides tight case is provided with the clamping component who is used for pressing from both sides tight toy, the inside of control box is provided with the runner assembly who is used for rotating the tight case of clamp, the bottom of control box is provided with the conversion subassembly that is used for converting the runner assembly and clamping component work, one side inner wall fixedly connected with of control box is used for driving runner assembly and clamping component's drive.

Preferably, the clamping assembly comprises the same bidirectional screw rod which is rotatably connected with the top inner wall and the bottom inner wall of the clamping box, the outer wall of the bidirectional screw rod is fixedly sleeved with a second bevel gear, the outer wall of the bidirectional screw rod is in threaded connection with two symmetrically arranged clamping plates, one side of each of the two clamping plates, which is close to each other, is provided with a plurality of mounting grooves, the inner wall of one side of the mounting groove is fixedly connected with two symmetrically arranged third springs, one end of each third spring is fixedly connected with the same contact plate, one side of the contact plate is fixedly connected with a rubber block, one side of the clamping box is rotatably connected with a first rotating rod, one end of the first rotating rod penetrates through the clamping box and is fixedly connected with a first bevel gear, the first bevel gear is meshed with a second bevel gear, and one end of the first rotating rod penetrates through the control box and extends into the control box.

Preferably, the rotating assembly comprises a first spur gear fixedly arranged on the outer wall of the first rotating rod in a fixing way, a second pushing block is fixedly connected to one side of the first spur gear, a third spur gear is fixedly arranged on the outer wall of the first rotating rod in a fixing way, a first pushing block is fixedly connected to one side of the third spur gear, an iron block is fixedly connected to one end of the first rotating rod, the bottom of the iron block is connected with the inner wall of the bottom plate of the control box in a sliding way, two second fixing columns symmetrically arranged are fixedly connected to one side of the first rotating rod, one ends of the two second fixing columns penetrate through the control box and are fixedly connected with a same circular plate, two first fixing columns symmetrically arranged are fixedly connected to one side of the circular plate, one ends of the two first fixing columns are fixedly connected with one side of the clamping box, and the circular plate is rotatably connected with the first rotating rod.

Preferably, the conversion subassembly includes the electro-magnet of fixed connection at control box one side inner wall, the electro-magnet is located same water flat line with the iron plate, one side fixedly connected with torsional spring of iron plate, one side fixed connection of one end and third spur gear of torsional spring, the torsional spring cover is established on first bull stick.

Preferably, the conversion subassembly still includes the second fixed plate of fixed connection in the control box bottom, one side of second fixed plate is rotated and is connected with the commentaries on classics board, the one end of commentaries on classics board is rotated and is connected with the lug, the inside of control box and extension to the control box is run through at the top of lug, the first fixed plate of bottom plate fixedly connected with of second fixed plate, the first spring of top fixedly connected with of first fixed plate, the top of first spring and the top fixed connection of lug, the bottom fixedly connected with switch of control box.

Preferably, the driving assembly comprises a motor fixedly connected to the inner wall of one side of the control box, an output shaft of the motor is fixedly connected with a second rotating rod, a second spur gear is fixedly sleeved on the outer wall of the second rotating rod, and the second spur gear is meshed with a third spur gear.

Preferably, the bottom fixedly connected with slider of iron plate, two stoppers that the bottom inner wall fixedly connected with symmetry of control box set up, two one side fixedly connected with that the stopper is close to each other is same with the slide rail of slider looks adaptation, the slide rail is connected with the slider is smooth, one side fixedly connected with second spring of stopper, one end of second spring and one side fixed connection of slider.

Preferably, the inner wall of the top of the control box is fixedly connected with a supporting plate, the bottom plate of the supporting plate is fixedly connected with a long rack, and the long rack is matched with the third spur gear.

The toy is placed between two clamping plates, a motor is started, an output shaft of the motor drives a second rotating rod to rotate, the second rotating rod drives a second spur gear to rotate, the second spur gear drives a third spur gear to rotate, the third spur gear drives a first rotating rod to rotate, the first rotating rod drives a first bevel gear to rotate and simultaneously drives a torsion spring to rotate, the first bevel gear drives a second bevel gear to rotate, the second bevel gear drives a two-way screw rod to rotate, the two-way screw rod drives the two clamping plates to mutually approach and clamp the toy, the toy pushes a rubber block, the rubber block drives a contact plate to move in the vertical direction, and the contact plate extrudes a third spring, so that a plurality of rubber blocks can be in close contact with the toy; at the moment, the third spur gear rotates for a circle, the third spur gear drives the first pushing block to rotate for a circle, the first pushing block pushes the lug to vertically move downwards, the lug drives the rotating plate to rotate and extrude the first spring, the rotating plate pushes the switch, the electromagnet drives the iron block to move transversely, the iron block drives the sliding block and the first rotating rod to move transversely, the sliding block extrudes the second spring, the first rotating rod drives the third spur gear and the first spur gear to move transversely, the third spur gear is meshed with the long rack, the first spur gear is meshed with the second spur gear, the second spur gear drives the first spur gear to rotate, the first spur gear drives the second fixed column to rotate, the second fixed column drives the circular plate to rotate, the circular plate drives the first fixed column to rotate, the first fixed column drives the clamping box to rotate, the clamping box drives the clamped toy to rotate, and the pressing plate is started, so that the omnibearing test function of the toy is realized;

the first spur gear rotates for a circle and drives the third spur gear to rotate for a circle, the third spur gear pushes the lug to vertically move downwards, the lug drives the rotating plate to rotate and extrude the first spring, and the rotating plate pushes the switch, so that the electromagnet is switched off from the power-on state;

the slider transversely moves under the action of the elastic force of the second spring, the slider drives the iron block to transversely move, the iron block drives the first rotating rod to transversely move, the first rotating rod drives the third spur gear and the first spur gear to transversely move, at the moment, the third spur gear is meshed with the second spur gear, the first bevel gear is meshed with the second bevel gear, the motor is simultaneously turned off, the third spur gear rotates for a circle under the action of the elastic force of the torsional spring and drives the first rotating rod to rotate for a circle, the first rotating rod drives the first bevel gear to rotate for a circle, the first bevel gear drives the second bevel gear to rotate for a circle, the second bevel gear drives the two-way screw rod to rotate for a circle, the two-way screw rod drives the two clamping plates to be mutually far away from each.

Compared with the prior art, the invention has the beneficial effects that: according to the invention, through the mutual matching among the clamping component, the conversion component, the rotating component and the driving component, the automatic clamping of the toy is realized, the toy is rotated for a circle, and the operation of loosening is carried out after omnibearing detection, so that the workload of workers is greatly saved, the working efficiency is improved, the structure is simple, and the operation is convenient.

Drawings

FIG. 1 is a schematic front view of the present invention;

FIG. 2 is a schematic view showing the connection between the clamping box and the control box according to the present invention;

FIG. 3 is a front sectional view of the clamping box according to the present invention;

FIG. 4 is a front sectional view of the control box according to the present invention;

FIG. 5 is a schematic view of the connection between the protrusion and the first pushing block of the present invention;

FIG. 6 is a schematic cross-sectional view of a clamping plate of the present invention;

in the figure: 1. a bearing plate; 2. pressing a plate; 3. a clamping box; 4. a control box; 5. a first rotating lever; 6. a clamping plate; 7. a first fixed column; 8. a circular plate; 9. a second fixed column; 10. a bump; 11. a first spring; 12. a first fixing plate; 13. a second fixing plate; 14. a support pillar; 15. a switch; 16. a first bevel gear; 17. a bidirectional screw rod; 18. a second bevel gear; 19. a first spur gear; 20. a second rotating rod; 21. a second spur gear; 22. a support plate; 23. a long rack; 24. a motor; 25. a torsion spring; 26. an iron block; 27. an electromagnet; 28. a second spring; 29. a slide rail; 30. a slider; 31. rotating the plate; 32. a first pushing block; 33. a third spur gear; 34. a second pushing block; 35. a limiting block; 36. a rubber block; 37. a contact plate; 38. a third spring; 39. and (4) mounting the groove.

Detailed Description

The technical solutions in the embodiments of the present invention will be clearly and completely described below with reference to the drawings in the embodiments of the present invention, and it is obvious that the described embodiments are only a part of the embodiments of the present invention, and not all of the embodiments. All other embodiments, which can be derived by a person skilled in the art from the embodiments given herein without making any creative effort, shall fall within the protection scope of the present invention.

In the description of the present invention, it should be noted that the terms "upper", "lower", "inner", "outer", "front", "rear", "both ends", "one end", "the other end", and the like indicate orientations or positional relationships based on those shown in the drawings, and are only for convenience of description and simplicity of description, but do not indicate or imply that the referred device or element must have a specific orientation, be constructed in a specific orientation, and be operated, and thus, should not be construed as limiting the present invention. Furthermore, the terms "first" and "second" are used for descriptive purposes only and are not to be construed as indicating or implying relative importance.

In the description of the present invention, it should be noted that, unless explicitly fixed or limited otherwise, the terms "mounted," "disposed," "connected," and the like are to be construed broadly, such as "connected," which may be fixedly connected, detachably connected, or integrally connected; can be mechanically or electrically connected; they may be connected directly or indirectly through intervening media, or they may be interconnected between two elements. The specific meanings of the above terms in the present invention can be understood in specific cases to those skilled in the art.

Example 1

Referring to fig. 1 to 6, an embodiment of the present invention includes: a testing device for children toy production comprises a bearing plate 1, a pressing plate 2, a clamping box 3 and a control box 4, wherein the pressing plate 2 is arranged right above the bearing plate 1, the top of the bearing plate 1 is fixedly connected with four support columns 14 which are symmetrical in pairs, the top of the two support columns 14 positioned on the same side is fixedly connected with the same control box 4, a clamping component for clamping a toy is arranged inside the clamping box 3, a rotating component for rotating the clamping box 3 is arranged inside the control box 4, a conversion component for converting the rotating component and the clamping component to work is arranged at the bottom of the control box 4, a driving component for driving the rotating component and the clamping component is fixedly connected with the inner wall on one side of the control box 4, the clamping component comprises the same bidirectional screw rod 17 which is rotatably connected with the inner wall on the top and the inner wall on the bottom of the clamping box 3, a second bevel gear 18 is fixedly sleeved, the outer wall of the bidirectional screw rod 17 is in threaded connection with two clamping plates 6 which are symmetrically arranged, one sides of the two clamping plates 6 which are close to each other are respectively provided with a plurality of mounting grooves 39, the inner wall of one side of each mounting groove 39 is fixedly connected with two third springs 38 which are symmetrically arranged, one end of each of the two third springs 38 is fixedly connected with the same contact plate 37, one side of each contact plate 37 is fixedly connected with a rubber block 36, one side of each clamping box 3 is rotatably connected with a first rotating rod 5, one end of each first rotating rod 5 penetrates through the clamping box 3 and is fixedly connected with a first bevel gear 16, the first bevel gear 16 is meshed with a second bevel gear 18, one end of each first rotating rod 5 penetrates through the control box 4 and extends to the inside of the control box 4, the rotating assembly comprises a first spur gear 19 fixedly sleeved on the outer wall of the first rotating rod 5, one side of the first spur gear 19 is fixedly connected with a second pushing, one side of the third spur gear 33 is fixedly connected with a first pushing block 32, one end of the first rotating rod 5 is fixedly connected with an iron block 26, the bottom of the iron block 26 is connected with the inner wall of the bottom plate of the control box 4 in a sliding manner, one side of the first rotating rod 5 is fixedly connected with two second fixing columns 9 which are symmetrically arranged, one ends of the two second fixing columns 9 penetrate through the control box 4 and are fixedly connected with the same circular plate 8, one side of the circular plate 8 is fixedly connected with two first fixing columns 7 which are symmetrically arranged, one ends of the two first fixing columns 7 are fixedly connected with one side of the clamping box 3, the circular plate 8 is rotatably connected with the first rotating rod 5, the conversion assembly comprises an electromagnet 27 which is fixedly connected with the inner wall of one side of the control box 4, the electromagnet 27 and the iron block 26 are positioned on the same horizontal line, one side of the iron block 26 is fixedly connected with a torsion spring 25, one, the torsion spring 25 is sleeved on the first rotating rod 5, the conversion assembly further comprises a second fixing plate 13 fixedly connected to the bottom of the control box 4, one side of the second fixing plate 13 is rotatably connected with a rotating plate 31, one end of the rotating plate 31 is rotatably connected with a lug 10, the top of the lug 10 penetrates through the control box 4 and extends into the control box 4, the bottom plate of the second fixing plate 13 is fixedly connected with a first fixing plate 12, the top of the first fixing plate 12 is fixedly connected with a first spring 11, the top of the first spring 11 is fixedly connected with the top of the lug 10, the bottom of the control box 4 is fixedly connected with a switch 15, the driving assembly comprises a motor 24 fixedly connected to the inner wall of one side of the control box 4, the output shaft of the motor 24 is fixedly connected with a second rotating rod 20, the outer wall of the second rotating rod 20 is fixedly sleeved with a second spur gear 21, the second spur gear 21 is meshed with a third spur gear 33, and, two stopper 35 that the bottom inner wall fixedly connected with symmetry of control box 4 set up, one side fixedly connected with that two stopper 35 are close to each other is same with slide rail 29 of slider 30 looks adaptation, slide rail 29 is connected with the gliding of slider 30, one side fixedly connected with second spring 28 of stopper 35, one end of second spring 28 and one side fixed connection of slider 30, the top inner wall fixedly connected with backup pad 22 of control box 4, the long rack 23 of bottom plate fixedly connected with of backup pad 22, long rack 23 and third spur gear 33 looks adaptation.

The working process of the invention is as follows: when in use, a toy is placed between the two clamping plates 6, the motor 24 is started, the output shaft of the motor 24 drives the second rotating rod 20 to rotate, the second rotating rod 20 drives the second spur gear 21 to rotate, the second spur gear 21 drives the third spur gear 33 to rotate, the third spur gear 33 drives the first rotating rod 5 to rotate, the first rotating rod 5 drives the first bevel gear 16 to rotate and simultaneously drives the torsion spring 25 to rotate, the first bevel gear 16 drives the second bevel gear 18 to rotate, the second bevel gear 18 drives the two-way lead screw 17 to rotate, the two-way lead screw 17 drives the two clamping plates 6 to approach each other and clamp the toy, the toy pushes the rubber block 36, the rubber block 36 drives the contact plate 37 to move in the vertical direction, the contact plate 37 extrudes the third spring 38, so that a plurality of rubber blocks 36 can be in close contact with the toy to clamp the toy, the toy is convenient to adapt to toys with various shapes, and the, the third spur gear 33 drives the first pushing block 32 to rotate for a circle, the first pushing block 32 pushes the projection 10 to move vertically and downwards, the projection 10 drives the rotating plate 31 to rotate and extrude the first spring 11, the rotating plate 31 pushes the switch 15, so that the electromagnet 27 is in a power-on state, the electromagnet 27 drives the iron block 26 to move transversely, the iron block 26 drives the sliding block 30 and the first rotating rod 5 to move transversely, the sliding block 30 presses the second spring 28, the first rotating rod 5 drives the third spur gear 33 and the first spur gear 19 to move transversely, the third spur gear 33 is meshed with the long rack 23, the first spur gear 19 is meshed with the second spur gear 21, the second spur gear 21 drives the first spur gear 19 to rotate, the first spur gear 19 drives the second fixing column 9 to rotate, the second fixing column 9 drives the circular plate 8 to rotate, the circular plate 8 drives the first fixing column 7 to rotate, and the first fixing column 7 drives the clamping box 3 to rotate, the clamping box 3 drives the clamped toy to rotate, the pressing plate 2 is started, the test function of the toy in all directions is realized, the first spur gear 19 rotates for a circle and drives the third spur gear 33 to rotate for a circle, the third spur gear 33 pushes the lug 10 to vertically move downwards, the lug 10 drives the rotating plate 31 to rotate and extrude the first spring 11, the rotating plate 31 pushes the switch 15, the electromagnet 27 is further enabled to be in a de-energized state, the sliding block 30 transversely moves under the action of the elastic force of the second spring 28, the sliding block 30 drives the iron block 26 to transversely move, the iron block 26 drives the first rotating rod 5 to transversely move, the first rotating rod 5 drives the third spur gear 33 and the first spur gear 19 to transversely move, at the moment, the third spur gear 33 is meshed with the second spur gear 21, the first bevel gear 16 is meshed with the second bevel gear 18, the motor 24 is turned off, and the third spur gear 33 rotates for a circle under the, and drive first bull stick 5 and rotate a week, first bull stick 5 drives first bevel gear 16 and rotates a week, first bevel gear 16 drives second bevel gear 18 and rotates a week, second bevel gear 18 drives two-way lead screw 17 and rotates a week, two-way lead screw 17 drives two clamp plates 6 and keeps away from each other, and then loosens the toy, is convenient for next detection.

It will be evident to those skilled in the art that the invention is not limited to the details of the foregoing illustrative embodiments, and that the present invention may be embodied in other specific forms without departing from the spirit or essential attributes thereof. The present embodiments are therefore to be considered in all respects as illustrative and not restrictive, the scope of the invention being indicated by the appended claims rather than by the foregoing description, and all changes which come within the meaning and range of equivalency of the claims are therefore intended to be embraced therein. Any reference sign in a claim should not be construed as limiting the claim concerned.

Claims

1. A testing device for children toy production comprises a bearing plate (1), a pressing plate (2), a clamping box (3) and a control box (4), wherein the pressing plate (2) is arranged right above the bearing plate (1), it is characterized in that the top of the bearing plate (1) is fixedly connected with four pairwise symmetrical supporting columns (14), the tops of the two supporting columns (14) positioned at the same side are fixedly connected with the same control box (4), a clamping assembly for clamping a toy is arranged in the clamping box (3), a rotating assembly for rotating the clamping box (3) is arranged in the control box (4), the bottom of the control box (4) is provided with a conversion component for converting the work of the rotating component and the clamping component, and a driving assembly for driving the rotating assembly and the clamping assembly is fixedly connected to the inner wall of one side of the control box (4).

2. The test device for children's toy production according to claim 1, wherein: the clamping assembly comprises a same two-way screw rod (17) which is rotatably connected to the inner wall of the top part and the inner wall of the bottom part of the clamping box (3), a second bevel gear (18) is fixedly sleeved on the outer wall of the two-way screw rod (17), the outer wall of the two-way screw rod (17) is in threaded connection with two clamping plates (6) which are symmetrically arranged, a plurality of mounting grooves (39) are formed in one sides of the two clamping plates (6) which are close to each other, two third springs (38) which are symmetrically arranged are fixedly connected to the inner wall of one side of each mounting groove (39), one end of each third spring (38) is fixedly connected with a same contact plate (37), one side of each contact plate (37) is fixedly connected with a rubber block (36), one side of the clamping box (3) is rotatably connected with a first rotating rod (5), one end of each first rotating rod (5) penetrates through the clamping, the first bevel gear (16) is meshed with the second bevel gear (18), and one end of the first rotating rod (5) penetrates through the control box (4) and extends to the interior of the control box (4).

3. The test device for children's toy production according to claim 2, wherein: the rotating assembly comprises a first spur gear (19) fixedly sleeved on the outer wall of a first rotating rod (5), a second pushing block (34) is fixedly connected to one side of the first spur gear (19), a third spur gear (33) is fixedly sleeved on the outer wall of the first rotating rod (5), a first pushing block (32) is fixedly connected to one side of the third spur gear (33), an iron block (26) is fixedly connected to one end of the first rotating rod (5), the bottom of the iron block (26) is in sliding connection with the inner wall of a bottom plate of a control box (4), two second fixing columns (9) symmetrically arranged are fixedly connected to one side of the first rotating rod (5), one ends of the two second fixing columns (9) penetrate through the control box (4) and are fixedly connected with a same circular plate (8), two first fixing columns (7) symmetrically arranged are fixedly connected to one side of the circular plate (8), one end of each first fixing column (7) is fixedly connected with one side of the clamping box (3), and the circular plate (8) is rotatably connected with the first rotating rod (5).

4. The test device for children's toy production according to claim 1, wherein: the conversion subassembly includes electro-magnet (27) of fixed connection at control box (4) one side inner wall, electro-magnet (27) are located same water flat line with iron plate (26), one side fixedly connected with torsional spring (25) of iron plate (26), one side fixed connection of one end and third spur gear (33) of torsional spring (25), torsional spring (25) cover is established on first bull stick (5).

5. The test device for children's toy production according to claim 1, wherein: the conversion assembly further comprises a second fixing plate (13) fixedly connected to the bottom of the control box (4), one side of the second fixing plate (13) is rotatably connected with a rotating plate (31), one end of the rotating plate (31) is rotatably connected with a convex block (10), the top of the convex block (10) penetrates through the control box (4) and extends to the inside of the control box (4), a first fixing plate (12) fixedly connected to the bottom plate of the second fixing plate (13), a first spring (11) fixedly connected to the top of the first fixing plate (12), the top of the first spring (11) is fixedly connected to the top of the convex block (10), and a switch (15) fixedly connected to the bottom of the control box (4).

6. The test device for children's toy production according to claim 1, wherein: drive assembly includes motor (24) of fixed connection at control box (4) one side inner wall, the output shaft fixedly connected with second bull stick (20) of motor (24), the outer wall fixed cover of second bull stick (20) is equipped with second spur gear (21), second spur gear (21) and third spur gear (33) are to the meshing.

7. A test device for children's toy production according to claim 3, characterized in that: the bottom fixedly connected with slider (30) of iron plate (26), two stopper (35) that the bottom inner wall fixedly connected with symmetry of control box (4) set up, two one side fixedly connected with that stopper (35) are close to each other is same slide rail (29) with slider (30) looks adaptation, slide rail (29) and the smooth connection of slider (30), one side fixedly connected with second spring (28) of stopper (35), one end of second spring (28) and one side fixed connection of slider (30).

8. A test device for children's toy production according to claim 3, characterized in that: the top inner wall fixedly connected with backup pad (22) of control box (4), the bottom plate fixedly connected with long rack (23) of backup pad (22), long rack (23) and third spur gear (33) looks adaptation.