CN112697390B - Experimental device and method suitable for simulating solitary waves in first-order and second-order modes in large transparent water tank - Google Patents
Experimental device and method suitable for simulating solitary waves in first-order and second-order modes in large transparent water tank Download PDFInfo
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- CN112697390B CN112697390B CN202011379879.7A CN202011379879A CN112697390B CN 112697390 B CN112697390 B CN 112697390B CN 202011379879 A CN202011379879 A CN 202011379879A CN 112697390 B CN112697390 B CN 112697390B
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Abstract
The invention discloses an experimental device and method suitable for simulating solitary waves in first-order and second-order modes in a large transparent water tank, wherein the device comprises a transparent water tank; the linear guide rails are arranged on two sides of the transparent water tank in the length direction; the louver door linkage control box is installed on the longitudinal moving track, and a linkage control mechanism is arranged in the louver door linkage control box; the longitudinal movement driving mechanism is used for driving the louver door and the louver door linkage control box to move along the linear guide rail; the louver door consists of a plurality of slender thin blades, the partition doors formed by all the blades are arranged in an overlapping mode, the overlapping part has good sealing performance when the louver door is closed, and the blades can synchronously rotate to open and close instantly under the control of the linkage control mechanism and can move up and down along the height direction of the transparent water tank. The invention can construct the square potential well required by soliton waves in the first-order and second-order modes.
Description
Technical Field
The invention relates to an experimental device capable of simulating first-order and second-order modal marine internal waves, in particular to a device for generating second-order modal internal solitary waves in a density layered transparent water tank, which is particularly suitable for simulating second-order modal internal solitary waves in density layered marine with a certain jump layer thickness in a large transparent water tank with a longer length.
Background
In the ocean, due to the difference of water temperature and salinity, the distribution of seawater density in each depth layer is different, and the interface between fresh water and salt water is easy to be disturbed to generate internal waves. The restoring force of the internal wave is extremely weak, about 0.1% of the surface wave, the amplitude of the currently observed internal wave reaches hundreds of meters, and the restoring force plays an important role in ocean ecological regulation and generates non-negligible influence on the safety of ocean engineering structures and underwater vehicles. Therefore, the method has important significance by simulating the generation evolution of the solitary wave in a laboratory and the action of the solitary wave with a structure.
The experimental devices for generating internal solitary waves at present are roughly divided into two types:
firstly, internal solitary waves are left by disturbing a density layering interface through a mechanical device, for example, a rocking plate type wave making method has high requirements on density layering of fluid, and the structure for controlling basic elements for generating the internal solitary waves is complex;
and secondly, internal solitary waves are spontaneously generated in a gravity potential well constructing mode, such as a lifting gate type, a rolling gate type, a slot-pulling gate type, a shutter type and the like, wherein the shutter type wave making device has the advantages of small disturbance to a water body, safe and convenient operation, high quality of the generated internal solitary waves and the like.
However, the above two wave-generating devices are limited to the generation of solitons in the first-order mode, and cannot generate solitons in the second-order mode, which is insufficient for the solitons in laboratory research.
Disclosure of Invention
The invention aims to: the invention provides a novel combined first-order and second-order intra-modal solitary wave generating device, which aims to overcome the defects that the process of manufacturing second-order intra-modal solitary waves in a large-scale stratified flow test transparent water tank is complicated, the repeatability is poor, the wave generating quality is not easy to control and the like, and simultaneously follows the principles of simple structure and safe and convenient operation. The wave making device improves the structure of the louver door on the basis of the gravity type internal solitary wave making device of the rotary louver door, so that a square potential well required by solitary waves in first-order and second-order modes can be constructed. The combined type internal solitary wave generating device also inherits the advantages of small disturbance to a water body, safe and convenient operation of the gravity type internal solitary wave generating device with the rotary louver door.
The technical scheme adopted by the invention for solving the technical problems is as follows:
an experimental apparatus suitable for simulating solitary waves in first-order and second-order modes in a large transparent water tank, comprising:
the upper edge of the transparent water tank is provided with a linear guide rail along the length direction of the transparent water tank;
the longitudinal movement driving mechanism is used for driving the louver door and the louver door linkage control mechanism to move along the linear guide rail on the transparent water tank;
the louver door linkage mechanism is arranged on the linear guide rail and comprises a louver door and a louver door linkage control mechanism for driving the louver door to be linked, the louver door consists of a plurality of slender thin blades, the blades can synchronously and instantly rotate to open and close under the control of the linkage control mechanism, partition doors formed by all the blades are arranged in an overlapping mode, the overlapping part has sealing performance when the blades are closed, and the bottoms of the blades are rotatably connected with a bottom plate;
the single blade includes:
the blade comprises a blade body, a first connecting rod, a second connecting rod and a linkage block, wherein the upper end of the blade body is rigidly connected with the bottom end of the first connecting rod, the upper end of the first connecting rod is connected with the linkage block in a sliding manner, and the upper end of the linkage block is connected with the linkage control mechanism in a bolt manner;
the bottom of the blade body is provided with a hollow vertical cavity containing internal threads, and the bottom plate is provided with a circular groove;
the second connecting rod comprises a vertical rod positioned at the upper end and a disc connected to the bottom end of the vertical rod, the disc is movably connected with the circular groove in the bottom plate, and the vertical rod of the second connecting rod comprises an external thread which is in threaded connection with the hollow vertical cavity at the bottom of the blade body;
and the lifting mechanism is used for driving the whole louver door to move up and down along the height direction of the transparent water tank.
One end of the linkage block is provided with a sliding groove which is formed along the axial direction of the linkage block, and the upper end of the first connecting rod extends into the sliding groove and is in sliding connection with the inner wall of the sliding groove through a ball.
The lifting mechanism comprises two shaft rollers with equal diameters arranged at the left end and the right end of the louver door linkage mechanism, the two ends of each shaft roller are connected with the bottom plate through steel wire ropes respectively, and the synchronous lifting of 4 steel wire ropes at the two ends of the bottom plate can be realized by rotating one shaft roller.
And the bottom plate is provided with a lifting hook for connecting a steel wire rope.
The shutter door coordinated control mechanism includes:
the linkage control box is installed on the linear guide rail, a link rod sliding block, a sliding guide rail, an air cylinder and an air pump are arranged in the linkage control box, each blade is connected with one end of the link rod sliding block corresponding to the linkage block through the linkage block, all the link rod sliding blocks rotate around the corresponding linkage block, the other ends of all the link rod sliding blocks are connected with an air cylinder piston rod, the link rod sliding blocks do reciprocating motion on the sliding guide rail, and when the air cylinder piston drives the piston rod to do reciprocating motion, the link rod sliding blocks are driven to move, so that the link blocks of the blades are driven to rotate 90 degrees simultaneously.
The longitudinal movement driving mechanism comprises a ball screw and two worm and gear reducers, wherein the two worm and gear reducers are connected in series, a nut moving pair on the ball screw is fixedly connected with the linkage control box, and the forward and backward movement of the linkage control box is completed by driving the worm and gear by a direction rocking handle or a stepping motor.
An experiment method based on the experiment device suitable for simulating first-order modal internal solitary waves in the large transparent water tank comprises the following steps of sinking or raising the interior of the water tank according to the attribute of the first-order modal internal solitary waves actually required to be generated in the stratified flow transparent water tank, wave height, wave length and wave number, and the thickness of the first-order modal internal solitary waves in the density stratified water body on the right side of the wave making machine after the first-order modal wave making machine moves, namely the depth h 'of the potential well' 10 And density of two layers of water ρ 10 、ρ 20 In connection with, determining the initial position J of the louvre door based on calculations 0 Distance L from the right side of the water tank 0 And horizontal right shift distance x 0 Then, actually operating the wave generator to move to construct a square potential well, and specifically comprising the following steps:
1. moving the wave generator to an initial position J with the louvre door open 0 Where according to the distance L from the right side of the water tank 0 ；
2. Starting the linkage control mechanism to close the louver door, lifting the louver door to ensure that the upper end of the louver door is exposed out of the water surface, and reserving an overflow channel between the bottom of the louver door and the bottom plate;
3. starting the longitudinal movement driving mechanism to move the louver door to the right side of the transparent water tank at a constant speed by a distance x 0 To position J 1 Is located at a distance L from the right side of the water tank 10 Then the required square potential well can be constructed;
4. slowly putting down the louver door, after the square potential well is slightly stable, starting the linkage control mechanism to open the louver door instantly, and collapsing the square potential well under the action of gravity to form solitary waves in a required first-order mode.
An experimental method based on the experimental device suitable for simulating solitary waves in a second-order mode in a large transparent water tank,
according to the property of second-order modal solitary wave actually generated in the layered flow transparent water tank, concave or convex, wave height, wavelength and wave number, and the depth h ″' of potential well 2 And density of trilayer water ρ 1 、ρ 2 、ρ 3 Related, the initial position I of the blind door is determined by calculation of a related formula 0 Distance L from the right side of the water tank and distance x of two horizontal right movements 1 And x 2 Then, actually operating the wave making machine to move to construct a square potential well, and specifically comprising the following steps of:
s1, moving the wave generator to an initial position I under the condition that the louver door is opened 0 ；
S2, starting the linkage control mechanism to close the louver door, lifting the louver door through the lifting mechanism to ensure that the upper end of the louver door is exposed out of the water surface, and reserving an overflow channel between a bottom plate at the bottom of the louver door and the bottom of the transparent water tank;
s3, starting the longitudinal movement driving mechanism to enable the louver door to slowly move towards the right side of the transparent water tank at a constant speed by a distance x 1 To position I 1 Slowly lowering the louver door through the lifting mechanism to enable the bottom plate at the bottom end of the louver door to be in contact with the bottom of the transparent water tank, closing the bottom overflow channel, and simultaneously ensuring that the top of the louver door is lowered below the water surface to form a new overflow channel at the top of the louver door;
s4, starting the longitudinal movement driving mechanism again to move the louver door to the right side of the transparent water tank slowly at a constant speed for a distance x 2 To position I 2 Then the required square potential well can be constructed;
and S5, after the square potential well is slightly stabilized, starting a linkage control mechanism to instantly open the louver door, and collapsing the square potential well under the action of gravity to form a required second-order modal solitary wave.
Firstly, according to the property of solitary wave in the second-order mode to be manufactured, the position deviation parameter t and the depth h of the potential well in the required geometric parameters of the square potential well are calculated " 2 And a potential well width L 2 The length L of the initial position of the wave making machine from the right side of the transparent water tank and the distance x of the two movements are obtained through the following equation 1 And x 2 ，
(1) The wave making machine moves to I 1 At the time of position
L-x 1 ＝L 1 (1)
Lh 1 ＝L 1 h′ 1 (2)
Lh 2 ＝L 1 h' 2
(3)
h 1 +h 2 +h 3 ＝H (4)
h′ 1 +h' 2 +h′ 3 ＝H (5)
(2) The wave making machine moves to I 2 At the time of position
L 1 -x 2 ＝L 2 (9)
L 1 h′ 3 ＝L 2 h″ 3 (10)
L 1 h' 2 ＝L 2 h″ 2 (11)
h″ 1 +h″ 2 +h″ 3 ＝H (12)
Taking the position offset parameter of the middle jump layer in the square potential well as t, wherein the position offset parameter satisfies the equation:
wherein H is the total depth, and S is the total length of the transparent water tank; the densities of the three layers of water are respectively rho 1 、ρ 2 、ρ 3 ；I 1 For the first step of moving the rear position, x, of the wave-making machine 1 Distance of primary movement, L, of wave-making machine 1 For the first movement of the wave-making machine to position I 0 The length of the time distance from the right side of the transparent water tank,
the thickness of the upper layer in the density layering water body on the left side of the wave making machine after the wave making machine moves for the first time,
the thickness of the middle layer in the density layering water body on the left side of the wave making machine after the wave making machine is moved for the first time,
is the thickness h of the middle and lower layers of the density layered water body at the left side of the wave making machine after the wave making machine is moved for the first time' 1 Is the upper layer thickness h 'in the wave making machine right side density layered water body after the wave making machine is moved for the first time' 2 The thickness of the middle layer in the density layering water body at the right side of the wave making machine after the wave making machine is moved for the first time, h' 3 The thickness of the middle and lower layers of the density layered water body on the right side of the wave making machine after the wave making machine moves for the first time; i is 2 For the second step of the wave-making machine, the post-position, x 2 Distance of primary movement of wave-making machine, L 2 To move the wave making machine to I again 2 Distance from the right side of the transparent water tankThe degree is the width of the potential well,
in order to increase the thickness of the upper layer in the density layering water body on the left side of the wave making machine after the wave making machine moves again,
in order to ensure that the thickness of the middle layer in the density layering water body on the left side of the wave making machine is increased after the wave making machine moves again,
the thickness h of the middle and lower layers of the density layering water body at the left side of the wave making machine after the wave making machine moves again 1 The thickness h of the upper layer in the density layered water body at the right side of the wave making machine after the wave making machine moves again 2 The thickness of the middle layer in the density layering water body at the right side of the wave making machine after the wave making machine moves again, namely the depth of a potential well h ″ 3 The thickness of the lower layer in the density layered water body on the right side of the wave making machine after the wave making machine moves again, and the parameter t is the height difference between the middle layer on the right side of the wave making machine and the density interface between the upper layer and the lower layer on the left side of the wave making machine, namely the potential well position deviation parameter, namely
The invention has the beneficial effects that:
the invention relates to a wave making device for solitary waves in compound first-order and second-order modal modes, which is experimental equipment suitable for a layered flow transparent water tank, and is a device capable of generating solitary waves in the second-order modal for the first time in a wave making mechanism for generating internal solitary waves by utilizing a gravity collapse principle.
The louver door is closed through left and right movement and up and down movement, so that a potential well structure required by solitary waves in first-order and second-order modes is constructed. The wave generator can generate solitary waves in a first-order or second-order mode through the gravity potential well.
The device is less to the water disturbance for the interior solitary wave quality of production is higher, and whole device structure is succinct easy operation simultaneously, and the security obtains effectively improving.
Drawings
FIG. 1 is a schematic structural diagram of an experimental apparatus for simulating solitary waves in first-order and second-order modes in a large transparent water tank according to the present invention;
FIG. 2 is a schematic view of a single blade of the present invention;
FIG. 3 is an enlarged view of a connection structure between the first link and the linkage block of FIG. 1;
FIG. 4 is a schematic view of a connection structure between the base plate, the second connecting rod and the blade body in FIG. 1;
FIG. 5 is a schematic view of a shutter door lifting mechanism;
FIG. 6 is a side view of FIG. 5;
FIG. 7 is a side view of solitary waves within a first-order mode of the present invention.
FIG. 8 is a side view of solitary waves within a second order mode of the present invention.
In the figure, 1, a louver door, 2, a bottom plate, 4, a linkage control box, 5, a link rod sliding block, 6, a cylinder piston, 7, a sliding guide rail, 8, a reversing valve, 9, a worm gear reducer, 10, a ball screw, 11, a linear guide rail, 12, a direction rocking handle, 13, a stepping motor, 14, an air pump, 15, a transparent water tank, 16, a brine layer, 17, a clear water layer, 18, a first steel wire rope, 19, a second steel wire rope, 20, a shaft roller, 21, a lifting hook, 1-1, a linkage block, 1-2, a first connecting rod, 1-3, a blade body, 1-4, a second connecting rod and 1-5 balls are arranged.
Detailed Description
As shown in fig. 1 to 8, the experimental device for simulating solitary waves in first-order and second-order modes in a large transparent water tank according to the present invention includes:
a transparent water tank 15 filled with liquid, wherein linear guide rails 11 are arranged on two sides of the upper end of the transparent water tank 15 along the length direction of the transparent water tank;
the louver door linkage mechanism is arranged on the linear guide rail 11 and comprises a louver door 1 and a louver door linkage control mechanism for driving the louver door to be linked, the louver door 1 consists of a plurality of slender thin blades, the blades can synchronously and instantly rotate to open and close under the control of the linkage control mechanism, partition doors formed by all the blades are arranged in an overlapping mode, the overlapping part has good sealing performance when the partition doors are closed, and the bottoms of the blades are rotatably connected with a bottom plate 2;
the longitudinal movement driving mechanism is used for driving the louver doors and the louver door linkage control mechanism to move along the linear guide rail 11 on the transparent water tank;
the single blade includes:
the blade comprises a blade body 1-3, a first connecting rod 1-2, a second connecting rod 1-4 and a linkage block 1-1, wherein the upper end of the blade body 1-3 is rigidly connected with the bottom end of the first connecting rod 1-2, the upper end of the first connecting rod 1-2 is connected with the linkage block 1-1 in a sliding manner, and the upper end of the linkage block 1-1 is connected with the linkage control mechanism in a bolt manner;
the bottom of the blade body is provided with a hollow vertical cavity containing internal threads, and the bottom plate is provided with a circular groove;
the second connecting rod 1-4 is of a T-shaped rod structure, a cross rod of the T-shaped rod structure is connected with the circular groove in the bottom plate, and a vertical rod of the T-shaped rod structure comprises an external thread and is in threaded connection with a hollow vertical cavity at the bottom of the blade body;
and the lifting mechanism is used for driving the whole louver door to move up and down along the height direction of the transparent water tank.
Furthermore, the lifting mechanism comprises two shaft rollers 20 with the same diameter and arranged at the left end and the right end of the louver door linkage mechanism, the two ends of each shaft roller 20 are respectively connected with the bottom plate 2 through steel wire ropes, and the synchronous lifting of 4 steel wire ropes at the two ends of the bottom plate 2 can be realized by rotating one shaft roller.
Furthermore, a lifting hook 21 for connecting a steel wire rope is arranged on the bottom plate 2.
As shown in fig. 3, a sliding groove formed along the axial direction of the linkage block is formed at one end of the linkage block 1-1, and the upper end of the first connecting rod 1-2 extends into the sliding groove and is in sliding connection with the inner wall of the sliding groove through a ball 1-5.
Further, the shutter door linkage control mechanism includes:
and the linkage control box 4 is installed on the linear guide rail 11, a link rod slide block, a sliding guide rail, an air cylinder and an air pump are arranged in the linkage control box 4, each blade is connected with one end of the link rod slide block corresponding to the linkage block through the linkage block 1-1, the other end of each link rod slide block is connected with an air cylinder piston rod, the link rod slide blocks reciprocate on the sliding guide rail, and when the air cylinder piston drives the piston rod to reciprocate, the link rod slide blocks are driven to move, so that the linkage blocks 1-1 of the blades are driven to rotate by 90 degrees at the same time.
Furthermore, the longitudinal movement driving mechanism comprises a ball screw and two worm and gear reducers 9, wherein the two worm and gear reducers 9 are connected in series, a nut moving pair on the ball screw is fixedly connected with the linkage control box 4, and the forward and backward movement of the linkage control box 4 is completed by driving the worm and gear by a direction rocking handle or a stepping motor.
The invention relates to an experimental method for carrying out first-order modal internal solitary wave by utilizing an experimental device suitable for simulating first-order and second-order modal internal solitary waves in a large transparent water tank. 10 I.e. the depth of potential well and the distance L from the right side of the water tank to the initial position of the wave making machine 10 I.e., the width of the potential well, and then by the equation
L 0 h 10 ＝h′ 10 L 10 (17)
L 0 ＝L 10 +x 0 (19)
Obtaining the distance L of the initial position of the wave making machine according to the right side of the water tank 0 And the moving distance x of the wave generator 0 And finally, actually operating the wave making machine to move to construct a square potential well, and specifically comprising the following steps of:
1) Moving the wave generator to an initial position J with the louvre door open 0 Is located at a distance L from the right side of the water tank 0 ；
2) Starting the linkage control mechanism to close the louver door, lifting the louver door to ensure that the upper end of the louver door is exposed out of the water surface, and reserving an overflow channel between a bottom plate at the bottom of the louver door and the bottom of the transparent water tank;
3) Starting the longitudinal movement driving mechanism to move the louver door to the right side of the transparent water tank at a constant speed by a distance x 0 To position J 1 Is located at a distance L from the right side of the water tank 10 Then the required square potential well can be constructed;
4) Slowly putting down the shutter door, after the potential well is slightly stable, starting the control device to open the shutter door instantly, and the square potential well collapses under the action of gravity to form the required internal solitary wave.
The experiment of solitary waves in the first-order mode is shown in FIG. 7, h 10 The thickness of the upper layer in the density layered water body, h 20 The thickness of the middle and lower layers of the density layered water body, H is the total depth, S is the total length of the transparent water tank, rho 10 Is the density of the upper water body, rho 20 Is the density of the lower water body, J 0 To the initial position of the wave generator, J 1 For moving the rear position of the wave-making machine, x 0 Distance of movement for wave-making machine, L 0 According to the distance, L, on the right side of the water tank for the initial position of the wave making machine 10 According to the distance of the right side of the water tank, namely the width of the potential well, at the final position of the first-order mode wave generator,
the thickness of the upper layer in the density layering water body on the left side of the wave making machine after the movement of the first-order mode wave making machine is the depth of a potential well,
the left side of the wave maker after moving for the first-order modeThickness of lower layer in density layered water body, h' 10 Is the upper layer thickness h 'in the layered water body of the density at the right side of the wave making machine after the movement of the first-order mode wave making machine' 20 The first-order mode is the thickness of the middle and lower layers of the density layering water body on the right side of the wave making machine after the wave making machine moves.
As shown in fig. 8, similar to the first-order intra-modal soliton implementation step, first, according to the property of the second-order intra-modal soliton to be manufactured, the position offset parameter t and the well depth h in the required cubic well geometric parameters are calculated " 2 And a potential well width L 2 By the equation:
(1) The wave making machine moves to I 1 At the time of position
L-x 1 ＝L 1 (1)
Lh 1 ＝L 1 h′ 1 (2)
Lh 2 ＝L 1 h' 2
(3)
h 1 +h 2 +h 3 ＝H (4)
h′ 1 +h' 2 +h′ 3 ＝H (5)
(2) The wave making machine moves to I 2 At the time of position
L 1 -x 2 ＝L 2 (9)
L 1 h′ 3 ＝L 2 h″ 3 (10)
L 1 h' 2 ＝L 2 h″ 2 (11)
h″ 1 +h″ 2 +h″ 3 ＝H (12)
Taking the position deviation parameter of the middle jump layer in the square potential well as t, wherein the position deviation parameter meets the equation:
to obtain L, x 1 And x 2 Namely the initial position of the wave maker and the positions of the two movements.
The experiment of solitary waves in the second-order mode is shown in FIG. 8, I 0 For the initial position of the wave generator, L is the length of the initial position of the wave generator from the right side of the transparent water tank, h 1 The thickness of the upper layer in the density stratified water body, h 2 The thickness of the middle layer in the density layered water body, h 3 The thickness of the middle and lower layers of the density layered water body, H is the total depth, and S is the total length of the transparent water tank; rho 1 Is the density of the upper water body, rho 2 Water density of the middle layer, ρ 3 The density of the middle layer water body; i is 1 For the first step of the wave-making machine to move the rear position, x 1 Distance of primary movement of wave-making machine, L 1 The distance between the position of the wave making machine after the initial movement and the right side of the transparent water tank is equal to the length of the wave making machine after the initial movement,
the thickness of the upper layer in the density layering water body on the left side of the wave making machine after the wave making machine moves for the first time,
the thickness of the middle layer in the density layering water body on the left side of the wave making machine after the wave making machine moves for the first time,
is the thickness h of the middle and lower layers of the density layered water body at the left side of the wave making machine after the wave making machine is moved for the first time' 1 The thickness of the middle layer, h 'in the wave making machine right side density layering water body after the wave making machine is moved for the first time' 2 The thickness of the middle layer in the density layering water body at the right side of the wave making machine after the wave making machine is moved for the first time, h' 3 The thickness of the middle and lower layers of the density layered water body on the right side of the wave making machine after the wave making machine moves for the first time; i is 2 For the second step of the post-displacement of the wave-making machine, x 2 Distance of primary movement, L, of wave-making machine 2 The length from the position to the right side of the transparent water tank after the wave making machine moves again is the width of the potential well,
in order to increase the thickness of the upper layer in the density layering water body on the left side of the wave making machine after the wave making machine moves again,
for the thickness of the middle layer in the density layering water body on the left side of the wave making machine after the wave making machine moves again,
the thickness h of the middle and lower layers of the density layered water body at the left side of the wave maker after the wave maker moves again 1 The thickness h of the upper layer in the density layered water body at the right side of the wave making machine after the wave making machine moves again 2 The thickness of the middle layer in the density layered water body at the right side of the wave making machine after the wave making machine moves again, namely the depth of the potential well, h ″) 3 The thickness of the middle layer and the lower layer in the density layered water body on the right side of the wave making machine after the wave making machine moves again, the parameter t is a position deviation parameter which is the ratio of the height difference of the middle layer on the right side of the wave making machine to the density interface between the upper layer and the lower layer on the left side of the wave making machine,
and finally, actually operating the wave making machine to move to construct a square potential well, and specifically comprising the following steps of:
1) Moving the wave generator to position I with the louvre door open 0 At least one of (1) and (b);
2) Starting the control device to close the louver door, lifting the louver door to ensure that the upper end of the louver door is exposed out of the water surface, and reserving an overflow channel between a bottom plate at the bottom of the louver door and the bottom of the transparent water tank;
3) The starting control device slowly moves the louver door at a constant speed by a distance x 1 To position I 1 After the louver door is placed, the louver door is slowly put down, a bottom plate at the bottom of the louver door is in contact with the bottom of the water tank, the bottom overflow channel is closed, meanwhile, the top of the louver door is ensured to fall below the water surface, and a new overflow channel is formed at the top;
4) Starting the control device to move the louver door slowly at a constant speed by a distance x 2 To position I 2 Then, the required square potential well can be constructed;
5) After the square potential well is slightly stabilized, the control device is started to instantly open the louver door, and the square potential well collapses under the action of gravity to form a required second-order modal solitary wave.
Claims (9)
1. An experimental apparatus suitable for simulating solitary waves in first-order and second-order modes in a large transparent water tank, comprising:
the transparent water tank is filled with liquid, and the edge of the upper end of the transparent water tank is provided with a linear guide rail along the length direction of the transparent water tank;
the longitudinal movement driving mechanism is used for driving the louver door and the louver door linkage control mechanism to move along the linear guide rail on the transparent water tank;
the louver door linkage mechanism is arranged on the linear guide rail and comprises a louver door and a louver door linkage control mechanism for driving the louver door to be linked, the louver door consists of a plurality of slender thin blades, the blades can synchronously and instantly rotate to open and close under the control of the linkage control mechanism, the partition doors formed by all the blades are arranged in an overlapping mode, the overlapping part has sealing property when the blades are closed, and the bottoms of the blades are rotatably connected with a bottom plate;
characterized in that a single said blade comprises:
the blade comprises a blade body, a first connecting rod, a second connecting rod and a linkage block, wherein the upper end of the blade body is rigidly connected with the bottom end of the first connecting rod, the upper end of the first connecting rod is connected with the linkage block in a sliding manner, and the upper end of the linkage block is connected with the linkage control mechanism in a bolt manner;
the bottom of the blade body is provided with a hollow vertical cavity containing internal threads, and the bottom plate is provided with a circular groove;
the second connecting rod comprises a vertical rod positioned at the upper end and a disc connected to the bottom end of the vertical rod, the disc is movably connected with the circular groove in the bottom plate, and the vertical rod of the second connecting rod comprises an external thread which is in threaded connection with the hollow vertical cavity at the bottom of the blade body;
and the lifting mechanism is used for driving the whole louver door to move up and down along the height direction of the transparent water tank.
2. The experimental device for simulating solitary waves in first-order and second-order modes in a large transparent water tank as claimed in claim 1, wherein a sliding groove formed along an axial direction of the linkage block is formed at one end of the linkage block, and an upper end of the first connecting rod extends into the sliding groove and is in sliding connection with an inner wall of the sliding groove through a ball.
3. The experimental device for simulating solitary waves in first-order and second-order modes in a large transparent water tank as claimed in claim 1, wherein the lifting mechanism comprises two rollers with equal diameters arranged at left and right ends of the louver door linkage mechanism, two ends of each roller are respectively connected with the bottom plate through steel wire ropes, and synchronous lifting of 4 steel wire ropes at two ends of the bottom plate can be realized by rotation of one roller.
4. The experimental device for simulating solitary waves in first-order and second-order modes in a large-scale transparent water tank as claimed in claim 3, wherein the bottom plate is provided with a hook for connecting a steel wire rope.
5. The experimental device for simulating first-order and second-order modal internal solitary waves as claimed in claim 1, wherein the louver door linkage control mechanism comprises:
the linkage control box is installed on the linear guide rail, a link rod sliding block, a sliding guide rail, an air cylinder and an air pump are arranged in the linkage control box, each blade is connected with one end of the link rod sliding block corresponding to the linkage block through the linkage block, all the link rod sliding blocks rotate around the corresponding linkage block, the other ends of all the link rod sliding blocks are connected with an air cylinder piston rod, the link rod sliding blocks do reciprocating motion on the sliding guide rail, and when the air cylinder piston drives the piston rod to do reciprocating motion, the link rod sliding blocks are driven to move, so that the link blocks of the blades are driven to rotate 90 degrees simultaneously.
6. The experimental device for simulating the first-order and second-order modal internal solitary waves in the large-scale transparent water tank as claimed in claim 5, wherein the longitudinal movement driving mechanism comprises a ball screw and two worm and gear reducers, wherein the two worm and gear reducers are connected in series, a nut moving pair on the ball screw is fixedly connected with the linkage control box, and the forward and backward movement of the linkage control box is completed by driving the worm and gear with a direction rocking handle or a stepping motor.
7. An experimental method based on the experimental device suitable for simulating the first-order modal internal solitary waves in the large-scale transparent water tank as claimed in any one of claims 1 to 6, wherein the method comprises the steps of sinking or protruding the first-order modal internal solitary waves according to the attributes of the first-order modal internal solitary waves actually required to be generated in the stratified flow transparent water tank, wave height, wave length and wave number, and the thickness of the first-order modal internal solitary waves in the stratified water body, namely the depth h 'of the potential well, of the upper layer in the density stratified water body on the right side of the wave generator after the first-order modal wave generator moves' 10 And density of two layers of water ρ 10 、ρ 20 In connection with, determining the initial position J of the louvre door based on calculations 0 Distance L from the right side of the water tank 0 And horizontal right shift distance x 0 Then, the actual operation wave making machine moves to construct the square potential well, and the specific steps are as follows:
1. Moving the wave generator to an initial position J with the louvre door open 0 Where according to the distance L from the right side of the water tank 0 ；
2. Starting the linkage control mechanism to close the louver door, lifting the louver door to ensure that the upper end of the louver door is exposed out of the water surface, and reserving an overflow channel between the bottom of the louver door and the bottom plate;
3. starting the longitudinal movement driving mechanism to move the louver door to the right side of the transparent water tank at a constant speed by a distance x 0 To position J 1 Is located at a distance L from the right side of the water tank 10 The required square potential well can be constructed;
4. slowly putting down the louver door, after the square potential well is slightly stable, starting the linkage control mechanism to open the louver door instantly, and collapsing the square potential well under the action of gravity to form solitary waves in a required first-order mode.
8. An experimental method based on the experimental device suitable for simulating soliton waves in second-order mode in a large transparent water tank as claimed in any one of claims 1 to 6,
according to the property of the second-order modal solitary wave actually generated in the layered flow transparent water tank, the concave or convex shape, the wave height, the wavelength and the wave number, the depth h of the potential well 2 "and density of three layers of water ρ 1 、ρ 2 、ρ 3 Related, the initial position I of the blind door is determined by calculation of a related formula 0 Distance L from the right side of the water tank and distance x of two horizontal right movements 1 And x 2 Then, actually operating the wave generator to move to construct a square potential well, and specifically comprising the following steps:
s1, moving the wave generator to an initial position I under the condition that the louver door is opened 0 ；
S2, starting the linkage control mechanism to close the louver door, lifting the louver door through a lifting mechanism to ensure that the upper end of the louver door is exposed out of the water surface, and reserving an overflow channel between a bottom plate at the bottom of the louver door and the bottom of the transparent water tank;
s3, starting the longitudinal movement driving mechanism to enable the louver door to slowly move towards the right side of the transparent water tank at a constant speed by a distance x 1 To position I 1 Slowly lowering the louver door through the lifting mechanism, enabling a bottom plate at the bottom end of the louver door to be in contact with the bottom of the transparent water tank, closing the bottom overflow channel, and simultaneously ensuring that the top of the louver door falls below the water surface to form a new overflow channel at the top of the louver door;
s4, starting the longitudinal movement driving mechanism again to move the louver door to the right side of the transparent water tank slowly at a constant speed for a distance x 2 To position I 2 The required square potential well can be constructed;
and S5, after the square potential well is slightly stabilized, starting a linkage control mechanism to instantly open the louver door, and collapsing the square potential well under the action of gravity to form a required second-order modal solitary wave.
9. The experimental method for simulating soliton in second-order mode in large transparent water tank as claimed in claim 8, wherein the position deviation parameter t and the depth h of potential well in the required geometric parameters of square potential well are calculated according to the property of soliton in second-order mode to be manufactured " 2 And a potential well width L 2 The length L of the initial position of the wave making machine from the right side of the transparent water tank and the distance x of the two movements are obtained through the following equation 1 And x 2 ，
(1) The wave making machine moves to I 1 At the time of position
L-x 1 ＝L 1 (1)
Lh 1 ＝L 1 h 1 ' (2)
Lh 2 ＝L 1 h' 2 (3)
h 1 +h 2 +h 3 ＝H (4)
h 1 '+h' 2 +h 3 '＝H (5)
(2) The wave making machine moves to I 2 At the time of position
L 1 -x 2 ＝L 2 (9)
L 1 h 3 '＝L 2 h 3 ” (10)
L 1 h 2 '＝L 2 h 2 ” (11)
h 1 ”+h 2 ”+h 3 ”＝H (12)
Taking the position offset parameter of the middle jump layer in the square potential well as t, wherein the position offset parameter satisfies the equation:
wherein H is the total depth, and S is the total length of the transparent water tank; the densities of the three layers of water are respectively rho 1 、ρ 2 、ρ 3 ；I 1 For the first step of the wave-making machine to move the rear position, x 1 Distance of primary movement, L, of wave-making machine 1 For the first movement of the wave-making machine to position I 0 The length of the time distance from the right side of the transparent water tank,
the thickness of the upper layer in the density layering water body on the left side of the wave making machine after the wave making machine moves for the first time,
the thickness of the middle layer in the density layering water body on the left side of the wave making machine after the wave making machine moves for the first time,
the thickness of the middle and lower layers of the density layering water body at the left side of the wave making machine after the wave making machine is moved for the first time h 1 ' the thickness of the upper layer in the density layered water body at the right side of the wave making machine after the wave making machine moves for the first time, h 2 The thickness of the middle layer in the density layered water body at the right side of the wave making machine after the wave making machine moves for the first time, h 3 The thickness of the middle and lower layers of the density layered water body on the right side of the wave making machine after the wave making machine moves for the first time; i is 2 For the second step of the post-displacement of the wave-making machine, x 2 Distance of primary movement of wave-making machine, L 2 To move the wave making machine to I again 2 The length from the right side of the transparent water tank is the width of the potential well,
for the thickness of the upper layer in the density layering water body on the left side of the wave making machine after the wave making machine moves again,
in order to ensure that the thickness of the middle layer in the density layering water body on the left side of the wave making machine is increased after the wave making machine moves again,
the thickness of the middle and lower layers of the density layered water body on the left side of the wave making machine after the wave making machine moves again, h 1 ' is the upper layer thickness h of the density layering water body on the right side of the wave making machine after the wave making machine moves again 2 ' the thickness of the middle layer in the density layered water body at the right side of the wave making machine after the wave making machine moves again, namely the depth of the potential well, h 3 ' for the right side of the wave maker after the wave maker moves againThe thickness of the middle layer and the lower layer in the density layered water body, and the parameter t is the height difference between the interface between the middle layer on the right side of the wave making machine and the density of the upper layer and the lower layer on the left side of the wave making machine, namely the potential well position deviation parameter, namely
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| CN114323555B (en) * | 2021-11-30 | 2023-09-15 | 中国人民解放军国防科技大学 | Experimental method for simulating ocean solitary waves |
| CN117007281A (en) * | 2023-08-16 | 2023-11-07 | 中国科学院力学研究所 | Laboratory surface wave and multimode internal wave coupling generation device and method |
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