CN112696150A - Device for drilling karst geological pile foundation and grouting method for construction of device - Google Patents

Abstract

The invention belongs to the field of pile foundation impact drilling, and particularly relates to equipment for drilling a karst geological pile foundation and a grouting method for construction of the equipment, wherein the equipment comprises an impact drilling mechanism, a swing limiting mechanism and a grouting auxiliary mechanism, wherein the impact drilling mechanism is hung on a steel wire rope A of an impact drilling machine, and the impact drilling mechanism carries out reciprocating impact crushing on a rock stratum under the reciprocating traction of the steel wire rope A so as to form an impact drilling hole on the rock stratum; according to the invention, effective percussion drilling operation is carried out on the geology with a plurality of vertically and continuously distributed karst caves through effective matching of the swing limiting mechanism and the percussion drill mechanism, and the swing limiting mechanism carries out proper swing limitation on the percussion drill mechanism according to the steepness degree of the bottom slope of the karst caves.

Description

Device for drilling karst geological pile foundation and grouting method for construction of device

Technical Field

The invention belongs to the field of pile foundation impact drilling, and particularly relates to equipment for drilling karst geological pile foundations and a grouting method for construction of the equipment.

Background

The gravity percussion drilling is a drilling method which utilizes the kinetic energy of an impact cone under the action of self-weight to generate impact action and break rock stratum to realize drilling. Gravity percussion drilling is the drilling of holes in a rock bed by means of a drill bit chisel edge, which periodically impacts the rock bed, causing the rock to break by a sudden concentrated impact load, and so repeatedly percussive drilling to deepen the hole.

In the process of pile foundation construction of karst geology, gravity percussion drilling is generally used for drilling. The underground cavern distribution of the drilling part is detected before drilling, and the position of the drill bit is also detected in the drilling process. When the pile forming position is selected, the underground karst cave is avoided as much as possible, but sometimes the karst cave inevitably appears on the necessary path of the pile foundation. When the impact drill of the drill hole meets the underground karst cave, the impact cone can be deflected to form an inclined hole due to the interaction of the impact cone and the slope at the bottom of the karst cave after the impact cone continuously impacts.

At present, the processing mode of avoiding impact cone and solution cavity bottom slope interact to form the inclined hole is to fill a large amount of rubbles and other granules to form the packing to the solution cavity after detecting the impact cone reaches the solution cavity, then drive the impact cone and carry out the short-stroke impact, know and strike out the drilling straight from top to bottom at the solution cavity bottom, but this kind of mode has following problem:

firstly, a large amount of stones need to be prepared in advance, and a large amount of mud used for protecting the hole wall and discharging chips in the drill hole can be lost through the karst cave due to insufficient stones in the karst cave filling process.

Secondly, the placement of the rubble into the cavern requires sufficient experience accumulation, and the placement is unreasonable or the placement position is inaccurate and cannot function.

Finally, the rubble is put into the karst cave, so that the construction time of drilling is long, and the working efficiency is low.

Therefore, it is necessary to design an impact drilling device which can punch a non-deviated drill hole on the slope at the bottom of the karst cave without a stone.

The invention designs equipment for drilling karst geological pile foundations and a grouting method for construction of the equipment, and solves the problems.

Disclosure of Invention

In order to overcome the defects in the prior art, the invention discloses equipment for drilling a karst geological pile foundation and a grouting method for construction of the equipment.

In the description of the present invention, it should be noted that the terms "inside", "outside", "upper", "lower", and the like indicate orientations or positional relationships based on the orientations or positional relationships shown in the drawings or orientations or positional relationships that the products of the present invention conventionally use, which are merely for convenience in describing the present invention and simplifying the description, but do not indicate or imply that the referred device or element must have a specific orientation, be constructed in a specific orientation, or be operated, and thus, should not be construed as limiting the present invention. Furthermore, the terms "first," "second," and the like are used merely to distinguish one description from another, and are not to be construed as indicating or implying relative importance.

A device for drilling a karst geological pile foundation comprises a percussion drilling mechanism, a swing limiting mechanism and a grouting auxiliary mechanism, wherein the percussion drilling mechanism is hung on a steel wire rope A of a percussion drilling machine, and the percussion drilling mechanism performs reciprocating impact crushing on a rock stratum under the reciprocating traction of the steel wire rope A so as to form a percussion drill hole on the rock stratum; when the impact drilling mechanism meets and reaches a steep slope at the bottom of the karst cave, the impact drilling mechanism is pulled to and fro through a steel wire rope A, the impact drilling mechanism generates small-angle reciprocating swing around a contact point of the impact drilling mechanism and the slope at the bottom of the karst cave, an impact block carried by the impact drilling mechanism impacts the impact drilling mechanism when the impact drilling mechanism swings back around the contact point of the impact drilling mechanism and the slope at the bottom of the karst cave, the impact drilling mechanism impacted by the impact block impacts the contact point of the impact drilling mechanism and the slope at the bottom of the karst cave, finally, a platform for limiting the swing of the impact drilling mechanism is formed on the slope at the bottom of the karst cave, and the impact drilling mechanism performs straight-up and straight-down impact.

The percussion drilling mechanism is matched with a swing limiting mechanism matched with the wall of a drilling hole, and the swing limiting mechanism matched with the percussion drilling mechanism is suitable for rock stratum percussion drilling operation of vertically and continuously distributing a plurality of karst caves; the swing limiting mechanism prevents the impact drilling mechanism reaching the gentle slope at the bottom of the karst cave from swinging, the impact drilling mechanism performs small-amplitude reciprocating vertical impact on the gentle slope at the bottom of the karst cave under the cooperation of the swing limiting mechanism and finally forms a vertical impact drilling hole on the gentle slope at the bottom of the karst cave, and the impact frequency of the impact block on the impact drilling mechanism is effectively reduced; when a karst cave with a steep bottom slope is encountered, the swing limitation of the swing limiting mechanism on the impact drilling mechanism is removed.

As a further improvement of the technology, the percussion drilling mechanism comprises a percussion cone, a rotary sleeve, a slide rod, a spring A, a circular plate, a trigger rod, a swing rod, an arc-shaped sliding sleeve and an impact block, wherein the top end of the five-claw-shaped percussion cone is provided with a cylindrical table, the top end of the cylindrical table is in spherical hinge with the swing rod connected with a steel wire rope A, and the swing rod is matched with a swing limiting mechanism; a sliding rod vertically slides in the middle of the inner part of the impact cone, and a spring A for resetting the sliding rod is nested on the sliding rod; a circular plate arranged at the top end of the sliding rod is in contact fit with a trigger rod arranged at the tail end of the oscillating rod; a rotating sleeve and an impact block which are mutually impacted and matched slide in the arc-shaped sliding sleeve around the central axis of the arc-shaped sliding sleeve, and the rotating sleeve is nested and rotates on the cylindrical table; the rotating sleeve and the arc sliding sleeve are provided with structures which lock the rotating sleeve at the middle position of the arc sliding sleeve and at the limit position of one end in the arc sliding sleeve and are driven by the sliding rod, the structures unlock the position of the rotating sleeve at the middle part in the arc sliding sleeve when the cylindrical table swings from the vertical state and lock the limit position of one end in the arc sliding sleeve when the cylindrical table swings from the inclined state to the vertical state; the arc-shaped sliding sleeve is provided with a structure for locking the impact block farthest from the rotating sleeve in the arc-shaped sliding sleeve, and the structure locks the position of the impact block farthest from the rotating sleeve when the cylindrical table swings from the vertical state and unlocks the position of the impact block farthest from the rotating sleeve when the cylindrical table swings from the inclined state to the vertical state.

As a further improvement of the technology, the slide bar slides in a chute A in the cylindrical table, and a circular plate moves in a circular groove A at the top of the chute A; two guide blocks A are symmetrically arranged on the sliding rod and respectively slide in two guide grooves A on the inner wall of the sliding groove A. The cooperation of guide way A and guide block A guarantees that the slide bar only produces the slip of certain range of vertical direction and can not produce the rotation relative to the cylinder platform in spout A. The spring A is positioned in a common ring groove A on the inner wall of the sliding groove A; one end of the spring A is connected with the inner wall of the common ring groove A, and the other end of the spring A is connected with a tension spring ring A arranged on the sliding rod; the circular ring A is nested on the cylindrical table and rotates in a common ring groove C on the inner wall of the rotating sleeve. The matching of the circular ring A and the common ring groove C ensures that the rotating sleeve only rotates relative to the cylindrical table and cannot axially slide relative to the cylindrical table. A sliding block vertically slides in the sliding chute A, a rack B arranged at the upper end of the sliding block is meshed with a straight gear B arranged in the sliding chute A, the straight gear B is connected with a coaxial straight gear A through a shaft sleeve, and the straight gear A is meshed with a rack A arranged at the lower end of the sliding rod; the outer side of the cylindrical table is provided with a common ring groove B, and a ring sleeve H is rotationally matched in the common ring groove B. The matching of the ring sleeve H and the common ring groove B ensures that the axial movement of the ring sleeve H does not interfere with the rotating sleeve. The ring sleeve H is fixedly connected with the sliding block through four connecting blocks which are uniformly distributed in the circumferential direction, and the four connecting blocks vertically slide in four sliding chutes B which are arranged on the inner wall of the sliding chute A and are communicated with the common ring groove B respectively; two guide blocks B are symmetrically arranged on the rotating sleeve and respectively slide in two guide grooves B on the inner wall of the arc-shaped ring sleeve. The guide block B is matched with the guide groove B to play a positioning and guiding role in the sliding of the rotating sleeve in the arc-shaped sliding sleeve. The inner wall of the rotating sleeve is symmetrically provided with two sliding chutes C communicated with the outer side of the rotating sleeve, each sliding chute C is internally provided with an outer sleeve matched with the common ring groove E on the ring sleeve H in a sliding manner, and the inner wall of the common ring groove E is provided with a transition inclined plane which is convenient for the outer sleeve to slide out of the common ring groove E along the central axis of the cylindrical table; each outer sleeve is nested with a spring B for resetting the outer sleeve; a limiting block A matched with a limiting groove A and a limiting groove B on the inner wall of the corresponding side of the arc-shaped sliding sleeve is arranged in each outer sleeve in a sliding manner; each outer sleeve is internally provided with a spring C for resetting the corresponding limiting block A; the impact block is symmetrically provided with two guide blocks F which respectively slide in two guide grooves B on the inner wall of the arc-shaped sliding sleeve. The guide block F is matched with the guide groove B to play a role in positioning and guiding the impact block to slide in the arc-shaped sliding sleeve around the central axis of the arc-shaped sliding sleeve. The impact block is matched with two limiting blocks B sliding in two sliding grooves D symmetrically distributed near the tail end of the inner wall of the arc-shaped sliding sleeve; a trigger block A matched with the corresponding side limiting block A slides in each limiting groove A, and a trigger block B matched with the corresponding side limiting block A slides in each limiting groove B; the trigger block A, the trigger block B and the limiting block B on the same side are arranged on the same connecting rod, and the connecting rod slides in a sliding chute E which is communicated with the limiting groove A, the limiting groove B and the sliding chute D on the same side in the arc-shaped sliding sleeve; two springs D for resetting the corresponding connecting rods are symmetrically arranged in the sliding groove E; one end of the spring D is connected with the connecting rod, and the other end of the spring D is connected with the inner wall of the sliding groove E.

As a further improvement of the technology, the spring B is positioned in a common ring groove D on the inner wall of the corresponding chute C; one end of the spring B is connected with the inner wall of the corresponding ring groove D, and the other end of the spring B is connected with a tension spring ring B arranged on the corresponding outer sleeve; two guide blocks C are symmetrically arranged on the limiting block A, and the two guide blocks C respectively slide in the two guide grooves C on the inner wall of the corresponding outer sleeve. The cooperation of guide block C and guide way C plays the location guide effect to stopper A's slip in corresponding overcoat, guarantees when stopper A does not deviate from the overcoat that spring C is in compression energy storage state all the time. One end of the spring C is connected with the inner wall of the corresponding outer sleeve, and the other end of the spring C is connected with the end face of the corresponding limiting block A. The bottom of the impact cone is uniformly and densely distributed with impact teeth, and the impact teeth are beneficial to the impact cone to efficiently impact and crush the rock stratum. The limiting groove A is positioned in the middle of the inner wall of the corresponding side of the arc-shaped sliding sleeve, and the limiting groove B and the sliding groove D are respectively positioned near two ends of the inner wall of the corresponding side of the arc-shaped sliding sleeve; the radian of the limiting groove B along the sliding direction of the rotating sleeve relative to the arc-shaped sliding sleeve is greater than that of the limiting groove A.

As a further improvement of the technology, the swing limiting mechanism comprises a ring sleeve A, a shaft A, a bevel gear B, a ring sleeve B, an internal thread sleeve A, an arc plate A, a winding wheel A, a steel wire rope B, a shaft B, a winding wheel B, a steel wire rope C, a bevel gear D, an internal thread sleeve B, a guide rod, a ring B, a ring sleeve C, a ring C, a shaft C, a ring D, a shaft D and a ring sleeve D, wherein radial shafts A are respectively matched in a plurality of circular grooves B uniformly formed in the circumferential direction on the side wall of the ring sleeve A in a rotating mode; each shaft A is provided with a bevel gear A, and two adjacent bevel gears A are simultaneously meshed with a bevel gear B arranged on the inner wall of the ring sleeve A; each shaft A is in threaded fit with an internal thread sleeve A, and the internal thread sleeve A slides in a ring sleeve B arranged at a corresponding circular groove B in the radial direction; the tail end of the internal thread sleeve A is provided with an arc plate A matched with the inner wall of the drill hole; a winding wheel A is arranged on one shaft A and is positioned in the accommodating groove on the inner wall of the corresponding circular groove B; the winding wheel A is wound with a plurality of rings of steel wire ropes B, two ends of each steel wire rope B are connected with an electric module arranged on the percussion drilling machine, and the electric module drives the winding wheel A to rotate through the steel wire ropes B.

A plurality of through circular grooves C are uniformly formed in the end face of the ring sleeve A in the circumferential direction, and each circular groove C is axially provided with a guide rod in a sliding manner; a transmission groove is formed in the inner wall of one circular groove C, and a circular groove D communicated with the outer side wall of the ring sleeve A is formed in the inner side wall of the transmission groove; an internal thread sleeve B which is in threaded fit with the corresponding guide rod is rotationally matched on the bottom of the transmission groove; the internal thread sleeve B is provided with a bevel gear D which is meshed with a bevel gear C arranged on the shaft B; a shaft B is rotationally matched in the circular groove D, a winding wheel B is arranged on the shaft B, and a plurality of circles of steel wire ropes C are wound on the winding wheel B; the lower end of the ring sleeve A is provided with a ring sleeve C, and a concentric circular ring C is hinged in the ring sleeve C through two symmetrically arranged radial shafts C; two radial shafts D which are symmetrically arranged are hinged in the circular ring C to form a concentric circular ring D, and the central axis of the shaft D is vertically intersected with the central axis of the shaft C; a ring sleeve D with the same central axis is arranged in the ring D through a plurality of fixing rods which are uniformly distributed in the circumference; the ring sleeve D is matched with a swing rod in the percussion drill mechanism; and a circular ring B matched with the circular ring C and the circular ring D is axially and slidably matched in the circular ring C, and the circular ring B is fixedly connected with a plurality of guide rods. The ring sleeve C, the ring C and the ring D form a cross universal joint structure, and when the swing limiting mechanism does not limit the swing of the swing rod in the percussion drill mechanism, the cross universal joint structure formed by the ring sleeve C, the ring C and the ring D does not limit the swing of the swing rod sliding in the ring sleeve D.

As a further improvement of the technology, the internal thread sleeve B is provided with a trapezoidal guide ring which rotates in a trapezoidal ring groove on the bottom of the transmission groove. The trapezoidal guide ring is matched with the trapezoidal ring groove to play a role in positioning and guiding the rotation of the internal thread sleeve B in the transmission groove. A shield A for isolating the bevel gear A and the bevel gear B from the slurry is arranged on the inner wall of the ring sleeve A; two guide blocks D are symmetrically arranged on the internal thread sleeve A and respectively slide in two guide grooves D on the inner wall of the ring sleeve B. The guide block D is matched with the guide groove D to play a role in positioning and guiding the axial sliding of the internal thread sleeve A in the corresponding ring sleeve B.

Firstly, a pile foundation drill hole vertically penetrating through the karst cave is impacted by utilizing an impact drilling mechanism; secondly, plugging the periphery of the karst cave through which the drill holes pass by in a mode of placing a plurality of grouting auxiliary mechanisms which are mutually sleeved in the drill holes, and completely connecting the upper drill hole and the lower drill hole of the karst cave; and thirdly, placing a ground cage into the drill hole and pouring concrete to complete the pouring of the foundation pile.

As a further improvement of the technology, the steel wire rope winding machine comprises a ring sleeve F, a shaft E, a bevel gear F, a shield B, a ring sleeve G, an internal thread sleeve C, an arc plate B, a winding wheel C, a steel wire rope D, a ring plate and a cylinder, wherein radial shafts E are respectively matched in a rotating manner in a plurality of circular grooves E uniformly formed in the circumferential direction on the side wall of the ring sleeve F; each shaft E is provided with a bevel gear E, and two adjacent bevel gears E are meshed with bevel gears F arranged on the inner wall of the ring sleeve F at the same time; each shaft E is in threaded fit with an internal thread sleeve C, and the internal thread sleeve C slides in a ring sleeve G arranged at a corresponding circular groove E in the radial direction; the tail end of the internal thread sleeve C is provided with an arc plate B matched with the inner wall of the drill hole; two guide blocks E are symmetrically arranged on the internal thread sleeve C and respectively slide in two guide grooves E on the inner wall of the corresponding ring sleeve G. The matching of the guide groove E and the guide block E plays a role in positioning and guiding the axial sliding of the internal thread sleeve C in the corresponding ring sleeve G. A winding wheel C is installed on one shaft E, a plurality of circles of steel wire ropes D are wound on the winding wheel C, two ends of each steel wire rope D are connected with an electric module installed on the percussion drilling machine, and the electric module drives the winding wheel C to rotate through the steel wire ropes D; the upper end of the ring sleeve F is provided with a ring plate, and the ring plate is provided with a cylinder matched with the inner wall of the drill hole; and a shield B for isolating the bevel gear E and the bevel gear F from mud is arranged on the inner side of the ring sleeve F.

Compared with the traditional pile foundation impact drill, the impact drill mechanism can vertically penetrate through the karst cave to continue to perform impact drilling operation without throwing a large amount of stones into the karst cave when penetrating through the karst cave to perform impact drilling, so that the condition that mud used for chip removal and hole wall protection in drilling is lost due to insufficient stone quantity is avoided, the condition that the effect of throwing the stones is not good due to inaccurate stone throwing position is also avoided, and the efficiency of karst geological impact drilling operation and the hole forming efficiency are effectively improved to a certain extent.

In addition, the effective cooperation of the swing limiting mechanism and the impact drilling mechanism is used for effectively impacting and drilling the geology vertically and continuously distributed with a plurality of karst caves, and the swing limiting mechanism is used for properly limiting the swing of the impact drilling mechanism according to the steepness of the bottom slope of the karst cave. When the impact drilling mechanism encounters a steep karst cave bottom slope, the swing limiting mechanism can release the swing limitation on the impact drilling mechanism, so that the impact drilling mechanism forms horizontal impact on the karst cave bottom slope under the action of the impact block and finally forms a platform which is convenient for the impact drilling mechanism to vertically and downwards impact drilling. When the impact drilling mechanism meets a gentle karst cave bottom slope, the swing limiting mechanism limits the swing of the impact drilling mechanism, so that the impact drilling mechanism vertically performs small-amplitude reciprocating impact on the gentle karst cave bottom slope under the action of self weight and finally forms a vertical drilling hole on the gentle slope at the bottom of the karst cave, the impact of an impact block on the impact drilling mechanism is effectively reduced, the equipment loss is reduced, and the service life of the equipment is prolonged. The invention has simple structure and better use effect.

Drawings

FIG. 1 is a schematic cross-sectional view of a percussion drilling mechanism and a swing limiting mechanism in cooperation with a drilling and cavern slope.

Fig. 2 is a schematic cross-sectional view of the pendulum limiting mechanism and the borehole.

Fig. 3 is a schematic cross-sectional view of several grouting aids in conjunction with drilling and cavern formation.

Fig. 4 is a schematic cross-sectional view illustrating the coupling between the grouting aid and the drilled hole and the coupling between the grouting aid and the drilled hole.

Fig. 5 is a schematic sectional view of the hammer drill mechanism and its components.

FIG. 6 is a schematic section view of the slider, the connecting block, the ring sleeve B, the outer sleeve, the limiting block A, the triggering block A and the connecting rod.

Fig. 7 is a schematic section view of the arc-shaped sliding sleeve, the impact block, the limiting block B, the connecting rod and the spring D in cooperation.

FIG. 8 is a schematic cross-sectional view of the slide rod, guide block A and cylindrical table.

Fig. 9 is a schematic section view of the arc-shaped sliding sleeve, the connecting rod, the trigger rod A, the trigger rod B, the limiting block A, the rotating sleeve, the impact block and the limiting block B.

FIG. 10 is a schematic view of an impact cone and its partial cross-section.

FIG. 11 is a schematic sectional view of the arc sliding sleeve and two viewing angles thereof.

Fig. 12 is a schematic cross-sectional view of the swivel sleeve.

Fig. 13 is a schematic cross-sectional view of the cuff H.

FIG. 14 is a schematic view of the slide bar, rack A, spur gear A, shaft sleeve, spur gear B, rack B and slide block.

Fig. 15 is a schematic view of a swing limiting mechanism.

Fig. 16 is an overall top sectional view of the swing restricting mechanism.

Fig. 17 is an overall side sectional view of the swing restricting mechanism.

FIG. 18 is a cross-sectional view of the ring sleeve A, the bevel gear B, the bevel gear A, the winding wheel A, the shaft A, the ring sleeve B, the internal thread sleeve A and the arc plate A.

FIG. 19 is a cross-sectional view showing the fitting of the ring sleeve A, the guide rod, the internally threaded sleeve B, the bevel gear D, the bevel gear C, the shaft B and the winding wheel B.

Figure 20 is a cross-sectional view of the cuff a and its two views.

Fig. 21 is a cross-sectional view of the ring sleeve C, the ring C and the ring D, and their two views.

Fig. 22 is a schematic view of a grout assist mechanism.

Fig. 23 is a schematic sectional top view of the grouting aid.

Fig. 24 is a schematic side sectional view of the grout assist mechanism.

FIG. 25 is a cross-sectional view of bevel gear F, bevel gear E, shaft E, winding wheel C, ring sleeve G, female threaded sleeve C, and arc plate B.

Figure 26 is a schematic view of the cuff F.

Number designation in the figures: 1. drilling; 2. karst cave; 3. a slope; 4. a percussion drill mechanism; 5. an impact cone; 6. an impact tooth; 7. a cylindrical table; 8. a circular groove A; 9. a chute A; 10. a common ring groove A; 11. a guide groove A; 12. a common ring groove B; 13. a chute B; 14. rotating the sleeve; 15. a common ring groove C; 16. a chute C; 17. a common ring groove D; 18. a guide block B; 19. a circular ring A; 20. a swing rod; 21. a steel wire rope A; 22. a trigger lever; 23. a circular plate; 24. a slide bar; 25. a spring A; 26. a tension spring ring A; 27. a rack A; 28. a straight gear A; 29. a shaft sleeve; 30. a spur gear B; 31. a rack B; 32. a slider; 33. connecting blocks; 34. a ring sleeve H; 35. a common ring groove E; 36. a transition bevel; 37. a jacket; 38. a guide groove C; 39. a spring B; 40. a tension spring ring B; 41. a limiting block A; 42. a guide block C; 43. a spring C; 44. an arc-shaped sliding sleeve; 45. a guide groove B; 46. a limiting groove A; 47. a limiting groove B; 48. a chute D; 49. a chute E; 50. a connecting rod; 51. a spring D; 52. triggering a block A; 53. a trigger block B; 54. a limiting block B; 55. an impact block; 56. a guide block F; 57. a guide block A; 58. a swing limiting mechanism; 59. a ring sleeve A; 60. a circular groove B; 61. accommodating grooves; 62. a circular groove C; 63. a transmission groove; 64. a trapezoidal ring groove; 65. a circular groove D; 66. an axis A; 67. a bevel gear A; 68. a bevel gear B; 69. a shield A; 70. a ring sleeve B; 71. a guide groove D; 72. an internal thread sleeve A; 73. a guide block D; 74. an arc plate A; 75. a winding wheel A; 76. a steel wire rope B; 77. a shaft B; 78. a winding wheel B; 79. a wire rope C; 80. a bevel gear C; 81. a bevel gear D; 82. an internal thread sleeve B; 83. a trapezoidal guide ring; 84. a guide bar; 85. a circular ring B; 86. c, sleeving a ring sleeve; 87. a circular ring C; 88. an axis C; 89. a circular ring D; 90. a shaft D; 91. fixing the rod; 92. a ring sleeve D; 93. a grouting auxiliary mechanism; 94. a ring sleeve F; 95. a circular groove E; 96. an axis E; 97. a bevel gear E; 98. a bevel gear F; 99. a shield B; 100. a ring sleeve G; 101. a guide groove E; 103. a guide block E; 104. an internal thread sleeve C; 105. an arc plate B; 106. a winding wheel C; 107. a wire rope D; 108. a ring plate; 109. a cylinder.

Detailed Description

The drawings are schematic illustrations of the implementation of the present invention to facilitate understanding of the principles of structural operation. The specific product structure and the proportional size are determined according to the use environment and the conventional technology.

As shown in fig. 1, 2 and 5, the device comprises a percussion drill mechanism 4, a swing limiting mechanism 58 and a grouting auxiliary mechanism 93, wherein the percussion drill mechanism 4 is hung on a steel wire rope A21 of a percussion drilling machine, and the percussion drill mechanism 4 performs reciprocating impact crushing on a rock stratum under the reciprocating traction of the steel wire rope A21 so as to form a percussion drill hole 1 on the rock stratum; when the impact drilling mechanism 4 meets and reaches the steep slope 3 at the bottom of the karst cave 2, the impact drilling mechanism 4 is pulled to and fro through a steel wire rope A21, the impact drilling mechanism 4 generates small-angle reciprocating swing around the contact point of the impact drilling mechanism 4 and the slope 3 at the bottom of the karst cave 2, the impact block 55 carried by the impact drilling mechanism 4 impacts the impact drilling mechanism 4 when the impact drilling mechanism 4 swings back around the contact point of the impact drilling mechanism 4 and the slope 3 at the bottom of the karst cave 2, the impact drilling mechanism 4 impacted by the impact block 55 impacts the contact point of the impact drilling mechanism 4 and the slope 3 at the bottom of the karst cave 2 to finally form a platform for limiting the swing of the impact drilling mechanism 4, and the impact drilling mechanism 4 performs the operation of impact drilling 1 vertically and vertically on the platform.

As shown in fig. 1 and 2, the percussion drill mechanism 4 is provided with a swing limiting mechanism 58 matched with the hole wall of the drill hole 1, and the swing limiting mechanism 58 matched with the percussion drill mechanism 4 is suitable for rock stratum percussion drilling 1 operation with a plurality of karst caves 2 vertically and continuously distributed; the swing limiting mechanism 58 prevents the impact drilling mechanism 4 reaching the gentle slope 3 at the bottom of the karst cave 2 from swinging, the impact drilling mechanism 4 performs small-amplitude reciprocating vertical impact on the gentle slope 3 at the bottom of the karst cave 2 under the cooperation of the swing limiting mechanism 58 and finally forms a vertical impact drilling hole 1 on the gentle slope 3 at the bottom of the karst cave 2, and the impact frequency of the impact block 55 on the impact drilling mechanism 4 is effectively reduced; when encountering the karst cave 2 with the steep bottom slope 3, the swing limitation of the percussion drill mechanism 4 by the swing limiting mechanism 58 is released.

As shown in fig. 5, the percussion drill mechanism 4 includes a percussion cone 5, a rotary sleeve 14, a sliding rod 24, a spring a25, a circular plate 23, a trigger rod 22, a swing link 20, an arc sliding sleeve 44, and an impact block 55, wherein as shown in fig. 2, 5, and 10, the top end of the five-claw percussion cone 5 has a cylindrical table 7, the top end of the cylindrical table 7 is ball-hinged with the swing link 20 connected with a wire rope a21, and the swing link 20 is engaged with a swing limit mechanism 58; a sliding rod 24 vertically slides in the middle of the impact cone 5, and a spring A25 for resetting the sliding rod 24 is nested on the sliding rod 24; a circular plate 23 arranged at the top end of the sliding rod 24 is in contact fit with a trigger rod 22 arranged at the tail end of the swing rod 20; as shown in fig. 5 and 9, the arc-shaped sliding sleeve 44 is internally provided with the rotating sleeve 14 and the impact block 55 which are mutually matched in an impact way and slide around the central axis of the arc-shaped sliding sleeve, and the rotating sleeve 14 is nested and rotates on the cylindrical table 7; as shown in fig. 6, 7 and 9, the rotary sleeve 14 and the arc-shaped sliding sleeve 44 are provided with a structure which locks the rotary sleeve 14 at the middle position of the arc-shaped sliding sleeve 44 and at one end limit position in the arc-shaped sliding sleeve 44 and is driven by the sliding rod 24, and the structure unlocks the position of the rotary sleeve 14 at the middle position in the arc-shaped sliding sleeve 44 when the cylindrical table 7 swings from the vertical state and locks the limit position of the rotary sleeve 14 at one end in the arc-shaped sliding sleeve 44 when the cylindrical table 7 swings from the inclined state to the vertical state; the arc-shaped sliding bush 44 is provided with a structure for locking the impact block 55 farthest from the rotary sleeve 14 in the arc-shaped sliding bush 44, and the structure locks the position of the impact block 55 farthest from the rotary sleeve 14 when the cylindrical table 7 swings from the vertical state and unlocks the position of the impact block 55 farthest from the rotary sleeve 14 when the cylindrical table 7 swings from the inclined state to the vertical state.

As shown in fig. 5, 6 and 10, the sliding rod 24 slides in the sliding groove a9 in the column table 7, and the circular plate 23 moves in the circular groove A8 at the top of the sliding groove a 9; as shown in fig. 8 and 10, two guide blocks a57 are symmetrically mounted on the slide bar 24, and the two guide blocks a57 slide in two guide grooves a11 on the inner wall of the slide groove a9, respectively. The cooperation of guide channel a11 with guide block a57 ensures that slide bar 24 only slides within slide channel a9 in a vertical direction to a certain extent and does not rotate relative to the cylindrical table 7. As shown in fig. 5, 6 and 10, the spring a25 is located in a common annular groove a10 on the inner wall of the sliding groove a 9; one end of the spring A25 is connected with the inner wall of the common ring groove A10, and the other end is connected with a tension spring ring A26 arranged on the sliding rod 24; a circular ring A19 is nested on the cylindrical table 7, and a circular ring A19 rotates in a common circular groove C15 on the inner wall of the rotary sleeve 14. The cooperation of the ring a19 with the conventional ring groove C15 ensures that the rotating sleeve 14 only rotates relative to the cylindrical table 7 and does not slide axially relative to the cylindrical table 7. As shown in fig. 5, 6 and 14, a slide block 32 vertically slides in a slide groove a9, a rack B31 installed at the upper end of the slide block 32 is meshed with a spur gear B30 installed in a slide groove a9, the spur gear B30 is connected with a coaxial spur gear a28 through a shaft sleeve 29, and a spur gear a28 is meshed with a rack a27 installed at the lower end of a slide rod 24; as shown in fig. 5, 6 and 10, a common ring groove B12 is formed on the outer side of the cylindrical table 7, and a ring sleeve H34 is rotatably fitted in the common ring groove B12. The cooperation of the ring H34 with the conventional groove B12 ensures that the axial movement of the ring H34 does not interfere with the rotating sleeve 14. As shown in fig. 6, 10 and 14, the ring sleeve H34 is fixedly connected with the sliding block 32 through four connecting blocks 33 uniformly distributed in the circumferential direction, and the four connecting blocks 33 vertically slide in four sliding grooves B13 which are arranged on the inner wall of the sliding groove a9 and communicated with the common ring groove B12 respectively; as shown in fig. 6, 11 and 12, two guide blocks B18 are symmetrically mounted on the rotating sleeve 14, and two guide blocks B18 slide in two guide grooves B45 on the inner wall of the arc-shaped ring sleeve respectively. The guide block B18 and the guide groove B45 are matched to play a positioning and guiding role in the sliding of the rotary sleeve 14 in the arc-shaped sliding sleeve 44. As shown in fig. 6, 12 and 13, the inner wall of the rotating sleeve 14 is symmetrically provided with two sliding grooves C16 communicated with the outer side thereof, each sliding groove C16 is internally provided with an outer sleeve 37 in a sliding manner, the outer sleeve 37 is matched with a common ring groove E35 on the ring sleeve H34, and the inner wall of the common ring groove E35 is provided with a transition inclined surface 36 for facilitating the outer sleeve 37 to slide out of the common ring groove E35 along the central axis of the cylindrical table 7; each outer sleeve 37 is nested with a spring B39 for resetting the outer sleeve; as shown in fig. 6, 9 and 11, each outer sleeve 37 has a stopper a41 sliding therein, which cooperates with the stopper grooves a46 and B47 on the inner walls of the corresponding sides of the arc-shaped sliding sleeve 44; a spring C43 for resetting the corresponding limit block A41 is arranged in each outer sleeve 37; as shown in fig. 7 and 11, two guide blocks F56 are symmetrically mounted on the striking block 55, and the two guide blocks F56 slide in two guide grooves B45 on the inner wall of the arc-shaped sliding sleeve 44, respectively. The guide block F56 cooperates with the guide slot B45 to provide a positioning guide for the sliding of the striking block 55 within the sliding sleeve 44 about the central axis of the sliding sleeve 44. As shown in fig. 7, 9 and 11, the striking block 55 is engaged with two limit blocks B54 sliding in two sliding grooves D48 symmetrically distributed near the end of the inner wall of the arc-shaped sliding sleeve 44; a trigger block A52 matched with the corresponding side limiting block A41 slides in each limiting groove A46, and a trigger block B53 matched with the corresponding side limiting block A41 slides in each limiting groove B47; the trigger block A52, the trigger block B53 and the limit block B54 on the same side are installed on the same connecting rod 50, and the connecting rod 50 slides in a sliding groove E49 which is communicated with the limit groove A46, the limit groove B47 and the sliding groove D48 on the same side in the arc-shaped sliding sleeve 44; two springs D51 for resetting the corresponding connecting rod 50 are symmetrically arranged in the sliding groove E49; one end of the spring D51 is connected with the connecting rod 50, and the other end is connected with the inner wall of the chute E49.

As shown in fig. 6 and 8, the spring B39 is located in a common annular groove D17 on the inner wall of the corresponding chute C16; one end of the spring B39 is connected with the inner wall of the corresponding ring groove D, and the other end is connected with a tension spring ring B40 arranged on the corresponding outer sleeve 37; the limiting block A41 is symmetrically provided with two guide blocks C42, and the two guide blocks C42 slide in two guide grooves C38 on the inner wall of the corresponding outer sleeve 37 respectively. The guide block C42 and the guide groove C38 cooperate to play a positioning and guiding role in the sliding of the limit block A41 in the corresponding outer sleeve 37, so that the limit block A41 is ensured not to be separated from the outer sleeve 37, and meanwhile, the spring C43 is ensured to be always in a compression energy storage state. One end of the spring C43 is connected with the inner wall of the corresponding outer sleeve 37, and the other end is connected with the end face of the corresponding limit block A41. As shown in FIG. 10, the impact teeth 6 are uniformly and densely distributed at the bottom of the impact cone 5, and the impact teeth 6 are beneficial to the impact cone 5 to efficiently impact and crush the rock stratum. As shown in fig. 9 and 11, the limiting groove a46 is located in the middle of the inner wall of the arc-shaped sliding sleeve 44 at the corresponding side, and the limiting groove B47 and the sliding groove D48 are located near the two ends of the inner wall of the arc-shaped sliding sleeve 44 at the corresponding side, respectively; the radian of the limiting groove B47 along the sliding direction of the rotary sleeve 14 relative to the arc-shaped sliding sleeve 44 is larger than that of the limiting groove A46.

As shown in fig. 15, 16, and 17, the swing limiting mechanism 58 includes a ring sleeve a59, a shaft a66, a bevel gear a67, a bevel gear B68, a ring sleeve B70, an internal thread sleeve a72, a cambered plate a74, a winding wheel a75, a steel wire rope B76, a shaft B77, a winding wheel B78, a steel wire rope C79, a bevel gear C80, a bevel gear D81, an internal thread sleeve B82, a guide rod 84, a circular ring B85, a ring sleeve C86, a circular ring C87, a shaft C88, a circular ring D89, a shaft D90, and a ring sleeve D92, wherein as shown in fig. 16, 18, and 20, radial shafts a66 are respectively and rotatably fitted in a plurality of circular grooves B60 uniformly circumferentially provided on a sidewall of the ring sleeve a 59; each shaft A66 is provided with a bevel gear A67, and two adjacent bevel gears A67 are simultaneously meshed with a bevel gear B68 arranged on the inner wall of a ring sleeve A59; each shaft A66 is in threaded fit with an internal threaded sleeve A72, and the internal threaded sleeve A72 radially slides in a ring sleeve B70 arranged at a corresponding circular groove B60; the tail end of the internal thread sleeve A72 is provided with an arc plate A74 matched with the inner wall of the drill hole 1; as shown in fig. 17, 18 and 20, a winding wheel a75 is mounted on one axle a66, and a winding wheel a75 is located in a receiving groove 61 on the inner wall of a corresponding circular groove B60; a plurality of circles of steel wire ropes B76 are wound on the winding wheel A75, two ends of each steel wire rope B76 are connected with an electric module arranged on the percussion drilling machine, and the electric module drives the winding wheel A75 to rotate through the steel wire ropes B76.

As shown in fig. 17, 19 and 20, a plurality of through circular grooves C62 are uniformly formed in the end face of the ring sleeve a59 in the circumferential direction, and a guide rod 84 slides in each circular groove C62 in the axial direction; a transmission groove 63 is formed in the inner wall of one circular groove C62, and a circular groove D65 communicated with the outer side wall of the ring sleeve A59 is formed in the inner side wall of the transmission groove 63; the bottom of the transmission groove 63 is rotatably matched with an internal thread sleeve B82 which is in threaded fit with the corresponding guide rod 84; a bevel gear D81 is mounted on the internal thread sleeve B82, and a bevel gear D81 is meshed with a bevel gear C80 mounted on a shaft B77; a shaft B77 is rotationally matched in the circular groove D65, a winding wheel B78 is installed on the shaft B77, and a plurality of circles of steel wire ropes C79 are wound on the winding wheel B78; as shown in fig. 15, 17 and 21, a ring sleeve C86 is arranged at the lower end of the ring sleeve a59, and a concentric circular ring C87 is hinged in the ring sleeve C86 through two symmetrically arranged radial shafts C88; a concentric circular ring D89 is hinged in the circular ring C87 through two radial shafts D90 which are symmetrically arranged, and the central axis of the shaft D90 is vertically intersected with the central axis of the shaft C88; a ring sleeve D92 with the same central axis is arranged in the ring D89 through a plurality of fixing rods 91 which are uniformly distributed in the circumference; as shown in fig. 1 and 2, the ring sleeve D92 is matched with the swing rod 20 in the percussion drill mechanism 4; as shown in fig. 21, a ring B85 is axially slidably fitted in the ring C86 and is fitted with the ring C87 and the ring D89, and the ring B85 is fixedly connected with the plurality of guide rods 84. The ring sleeve C86, the ring C87 and the ring D89 form a cross universal joint structure, and when the swing limiting mechanism 58 does not limit the swing of the swing rod 20 in the percussion drill mechanism 4, the cross universal joint structure formed by the ring sleeve C86, the ring C87 and the ring D89 does not limit the swing of the swing rod 20 sliding in the ring sleeve D92.

As shown in fig. 19 and 20, the trapezoidal guide ring 83 is attached to the female screw B82, and the trapezoidal guide ring 83 is rotated in the trapezoidal ring groove 64 on the bottom of the transmission groove 63. The trapezoidal guide ring 83 and the trapezoidal ring groove 64 are matched to play a positioning and guiding role in the rotation of the internal thread sleeve B82 in the transmission groove 63. As shown in fig. 17 and 18, a shield a69 for isolating the bevel gear a67 and the bevel gear B68 from mud is arranged on the inner wall of the ring sleeve a 59; two guide blocks D73 are symmetrically arranged on the internal thread sleeve A72, and the two guide blocks D73 slide in two guide grooves D71 on the inner wall of the ring sleeve B70 respectively. The cooperation of the guide block D73 and the guide groove D71 plays a positioning and guiding role for the axial sliding of the inner threaded sleeve A72 in the corresponding ring sleeve B70.

As shown in fig. 1, 3 and 4, firstly, a pile foundation drill hole 1 vertically penetrating through a karst cave 2 is impacted by utilizing a percussion drill mechanism 4; secondly, plugging the periphery of the karst cave 2 through which the drill holes 1 pass by in a mode of putting a plurality of grouting auxiliary mechanisms 93 which are mutually sleeved in the drill holes 1, and completely connecting the upper drill hole 1 and the lower drill hole 1 of the karst cave 2; and thirdly, placing a ground cage into the drill hole 1 and pouring concrete to complete the pouring of the foundation pile.

As shown in fig. 22, 23 and 24, it comprises a ring sleeve F94, a shaft E96, a bevel gear E97, a bevel gear F98, a shield B99, a ring sleeve G100, an internal thread sleeve C104, an arc plate B105, a winding wheel C106, a steel wire rope D107, a ring plate 108 and a cylinder 109, wherein as shown in fig. 23, 25 and 26, a radial shaft E96 is respectively and rotatably matched in a plurality of circular grooves E95 uniformly arranged on the circumferential direction of the side wall of the ring sleeve F94; each shaft E96 is provided with a bevel gear E97, and two adjacent bevel gears E97 are simultaneously meshed with a bevel gear F98 arranged on the inner wall of a ring sleeve F94; each shaft E96 is in threaded fit with an internal threaded sleeve C104, and the internal threaded sleeve C104 slides radially in the ring sleeve G100 arranged at the corresponding circular groove E95; the tail end of the internal thread sleeve C104 is provided with an arc plate B105 matched with the inner wall of the drill hole 1; two guide blocks E103 are symmetrically arranged on the internal thread sleeve C104, and the two guide blocks E103 respectively slide in two guide grooves E101 on the inner wall of the corresponding ring sleeve G100. The fit of the guide grooves E101 and the guide blocks E103 plays a positioning and guiding role in the axial sliding of the internal thread sleeves C104 in the corresponding ring sleeves G100. As shown in fig. 24 and 25, a winding wheel C106 is mounted on one shaft E96, a plurality of turns of a steel wire rope D107 are wound on the winding wheel C106, two ends of the steel wire rope D107 are connected with an electric module mounted on the percussion drilling machine, and the electric module drives the winding wheel C106 to rotate through the steel wire rope D107; as shown in fig. 22 and 24, the upper end of the ring sleeve F94 is provided with a ring plate 108, and the ring plate 108 is provided with a cylinder 109 which is matched with the inner wall of the drill hole 1; inside the ring sleeve F94 is mounted a shroud B99 which isolates the bevel gears E97 and F98 from the mud.

The working process of the invention is as follows: in an initial state, the percussion drill mechanism 4 is hung in the air by a steel wire rope A21, the swing rod 20 and the percussion cone 5 are both in a vertical state, and the tail end of the trigger rod 22 is abutted against the central part of the circular plate 23. The two limit blocks A41 are respectively inserted into the two limit grooves A46 on the inner wall of the arc-shaped sliding sleeve 44 and respectively abut against the corresponding trigger blocks A52, so as to lock the position of the rotating sleeve 14 in the middle of the arc-shaped sliding sleeve 44. The tail ends of the two outer sleeves 37 are abutted against the outer cylindrical surface of the ring sleeve H34, the spring A25, the spring B39, the spring C43 and the spring D51 are all in a compression energy storage state, and the two limit blocks B54 are all contracted in the corresponding sliding grooves D48. The impact block 55 is tightly attached to the rotary sleeve 14, the impact block 55 shields the two sliding grooves D48, and the two limit blocks B54 are simultaneously abutted against the side wall of the impact block 55. The ring B85 in the swing limiting mechanism 58 does not limit the swing of the ring C87 and the ring D89.

When the steel wire rope A21 drives the percussion drill mechanism 4 to vertically perform percussion drilling 1 on a rock stratum, in the interaction process of the percussion cone 5 and the rock stratum, due to the looseness of the steel wire rope A21, the swing rod 20 swings around a spherical hinge under the action of self weight, the swing rod 20 drives the trigger rod 22 to swing synchronously, the tail end of the trigger rod 22 swings from the middle of the circular plate 23 to the edge direction of the circular plate 23, the sliding rod 24 drives the circular plate 23 to vertically move upwards under the action of the spring A25, and the circular plate 23 is always abutted against the trigger rod 22. The sliding rod 24 drives the ring sleeve H34 to axially vertically and downwards rapidly move relative to the cylindrical table 7 through the rack A27, the straight gear A28, the shaft sleeve 29, the straight gear B30, the rack B31, the sliding block 32 and the connecting block 33, and the tail ends of the two outer sleeves 37 rapidly move to the common ring groove E35 on the ring sleeve H34 and rapidly enter the common ring groove E35 under the action of the corresponding springs B39. The two outer sleeves 37 respectively drive the corresponding limit blocks A41 to be separated from the corresponding limit grooves A46 through the corresponding two guide blocks C42, the position locking of the rotating sleeve 14 in the middle of the inner part of the arc-shaped sliding sleeve 44 is released, and the arc-shaped sliding sleeve 44 does not move relative to the rotating sleeve 14 under the action of self weight. Meanwhile, the two connecting rods 50 respectively drive the trigger block a52, the trigger block B53 and the limiting block B54 which are installed on the connecting rods 50 to move under the action of the corresponding two springs D51, the two trigger blocks a52 respectively drive the corresponding connecting rods 50 to further penetrate into the limiting groove a46, the two trigger blocks B53 respectively drive the corresponding connecting rods 50 to further penetrate into the limiting groove B47, and the two limiting blocks B54 respectively drive the corresponding connecting rods 50 to slide out of the corresponding sliding grooves D48. Since the striking block 55 is in a shielding state for the two sliding slots D48, the two limit blocks B54 abut against the striking block 55 and do not slide out of the sliding slot D48, so that the two connecting rods 50 do not move, and the trigger block a52 and the trigger block B53 mounted on each connecting rod 50 do not move.

When the steel wire rope A21 continues to be tightened and the swing rod 20 is pulled vertically upwards, the swing rod 20 swings to a vertical state from an inclined state relative to the impact cone 5 instantly, the swing rod 20 drives the trigger rod 22 to reach the middle position of the circular plate 23 from the edge position of the circular plate 23, the trigger rod 22 drives the sliding rod 24 to vertically slide downwards relative to the cylindrical table 7 through the circular plate 23, and the spring A25 is further compressed to store energy. The slide bar 24 moves vertically and upwardly rapidly relative to the cylindrical table 7 through a series of driving ring sleeves H34, and the tail ends of the two outer sleeves 37 are rapidly separated from the common ring groove E35 through the transition inclined plane of the common ring groove E35 and are abutted against the outer cylindrical surface of the ring sleeve H34. The two springs B39 are further compressed to store energy at the same time, and the two outer sleeves 37 are driven by the corresponding springs C43 to rapidly insert the corresponding limit blocks A41 into the corresponding limit grooves A46 and lock the position of the rotating sleeve 14 in the middle of the arc-shaped sliding sleeve 44.

The impact drilling mechanism 4 is pulled by the steel wire rope A21 in a reciprocating mode in such a way and performs impact drilling 1 in the vertical direction on the rock stratum, when the impact drilling mechanism 4 meets the underground karst cave 2 and reaches the steep slope 3 at the bottom of the karst cave 2, the steel wire rope A21 stops large-amplitude traction on the impact cone 5, the impact cone 5 is pulled in a small amplitude through the steel wire rope A21, and the impact cone 5 is guaranteed to swing back and forth around the contact point of the impact cone 5 and the slope 3 at the bottom of the karst cave 2 on the premise of not deviating from the steep slope 3 at the bottom of the karst cave 2.

When the steel wire rope A21 is lowered by a small amplitude, the impact cone 5 swings around the contact point of the impact cone and the slope 3 at the bottom of the karst cave 2 under the action of self weight, the arc-shaped sliding sleeve 44 drives the rotating sleeve 14 to rotate relative to the cylindrical table 7 under the action of torque generated by the impact block 55 around the central axis of the cylindrical table 7, and finally the impact block 55 is positioned at the lower side of the inclined cylindrical table 7. At the same time, the swing rod 20 swings relative to the impact cone 5 under the traction of the steel wire rope A21. The oscillating bar 20 drives the trigger rod 22 to reach the edge of the circular plate 23 from the middle of the circular plate 23, the sliding rod 24 drives the circular plate 23 to axially move towards the top end of the cylindrical table 7 under the action of the spring A25, and the sliding rod 24 axially and rapidly moves towards the bottom of the impact cone 5 through a series of driving belt moving ring sleeves H34. Under the action of the corresponding spring B39, the tail ends of the two outer sleeves 37 respectively and rapidly enter the common ring groove E35 on the ring sleeve H34, the two outer sleeves 37 respectively drive the corresponding limit blocks A41 to rapidly slide out of the corresponding limit grooves A46 through the corresponding two guide blocks C42 and contract into the corresponding slide grooves C16, the locking of the middle position of the rotating sleeve 14 in the arc-shaped sliding sleeve 44 is released, and the impact block 55 still presses the two limit blocks B54. The arc-shaped sliding bush 44 slides relative to the rotary sleeve 14 in the direction of the lower side of the inclined rotary sleeve 14 under the action of gravity, and simultaneously the impact block 55 slides rapidly relative to the arc-shaped sliding bush 44 in the direction of the terminal limit position in the arc-shaped sliding bush 44 under the action of gravity.

When the arc sliding sleeve 44 slides to the limit relative to the rotary sleeve 14, the rotary sleeve 14 and the striking block 55 are respectively located at the limit positions at both ends in the arc sliding sleeve 44, the striking block 55 just goes over the two limit blocks B54 and releases the pressing on the two limit blocks B54, and the two outer sleeves 37 on the rotary sleeve 14 are respectively opposite to the limit grooves B47 on the same side wall in the arc sliding sleeve 44. The two connecting rods 50 respectively drive the limiting blocks B54 arranged on the connecting rods to instantly slide out of the corresponding sliding grooves D48 under the action of the corresponding two springs D51 and limit the backward sliding of the impact block 55 in the arc-shaped sliding sleeve 44, the two trigger blocks A52 respectively penetrate into the corresponding limiting grooves A46 under the drive of the corresponding connecting rods 50 and do not limit the backward sliding of the rotary sleeve 14 in the arc-shaped sliding sleeve 44, and the two trigger blocks B53 respectively penetrate into the corresponding limiting grooves B47 under the drive of the corresponding connecting rods 50 and do not limit the backward sliding of the rotary sleeve 14 in the arc-shaped sliding sleeve 44.

When the swing rod 20 swings from an inclined state to a vertical state under the traction of the steel wire rope A21, the swing rod 20 drives the trigger rod 22 to move from the edge position of the circular plate 23 to the middle position of the circular plate 23, the circular plate 23 drives the sliding rod 24 to reset in the cylindrical table 7 under the abutting pressure of the trigger rod 22, and the spring A25 is further compressed to store energy. The slide bar 24 is reset fast relative to the cylinder table 7 through a series of driving ring sleeves H34, the two outer sleeves 37 are fast pressed against the outer cylindrical surface of the ring sleeve H34 through the transition inclined surface of the common ring groove E35 on the ring sleeve H34, and the two springs B39 are further compressed to store energy. The two outer sleeves 37 respectively drive the corresponding limiting blocks A41 to be inserted into the corresponding limiting grooves B47 through the corresponding springs C43 and abut against the corresponding trigger blocks B53. Meanwhile, as the swing rod 20 swings in the vertical direction under the traction of the steel wire rope A21, the impact cone 5 swings back in the vertical direction around the contact point of the impact cone and the slope 3 at the bottom of the karst cave 2, and the arc-shaped sliding sleeve 44 is to be reset relative to the rotating sleeve 14 under the action of the self-weight and the gravity of the impact block 55. Because the radian of the limiting groove B47 around the central axis of the arc-shaped sliding sleeve 44 is greater than the radian of the limiting groove A46 around the central axis of the arc-shaped sliding sleeve 44, in the process of resetting the arc-shaped sliding sleeve 44 relative to the rotary sleeve 14, the two limiting blocks A41 cannot be instantaneously dislocated with the corresponding limiting groove B47, the two limiting blocks A41 still smoothly insert into the limiting groove B47 and limit the limit position of the rotary sleeve 14 at one end in the arc-shaped sliding sleeve 44 when the arc-shaped sliding sleeve 44 and the rotary sleeve 14 slide relative to each other, and the resetting of the arc-shaped sliding sleeve 44 relative to the rotary sleeve 14 is prevented.

When the two limit blocks A41 are respectively and completely inserted into the corresponding limit grooves A46, the two limit blocks A41 respectively drive the corresponding connecting rods 50 to reset in the arc-shaped sliding sleeves 44 through the corresponding trigger blocks B53, and the two springs D51 are further compressed to store energy. The two connecting rods 50 respectively drive the corresponding trigger block A52 and the limiting block B54 to reset, the two trigger blocks A52 are respectively contracted again into the corresponding limiting grooves A46, and the two limiting blocks B54 are respectively contracted again into the corresponding sliding grooves D48 and release the locking of the limiting position of one end of the impact block 55 in the arc-shaped sliding sleeve 44.

The impact block 55 slides rapidly along the arc-shaped sliding sleeve 44 towards the rotating sleeve 14 under the action of self weight and finally collides violently with the rotating sleeve 14, the impact cone 5 is driven by the cylindrical table 7 to impact horizontally at the contact point of the impact cone 5 and the bottom slope 3 of the karst cave 2 in a violence collision state, a pit is formed at the contact point of the bottom slope 3 of the karst cave 2, the impact drilling mechanism 4 is pulled to swing around the contact point of the impact cone 5 and the bottom slope 3 of the karst cave 2 with small amplitude for a plurality of times along with the steel wire rope A21, the impact block 55 impacts violently on the impact cone 5 for a plurality of times, and the impact cone 5 impacts transversely at the contact point of the impact cone 5 and the bottom slope 3 of the karst cave 2 for a plurality of times continuously and finally impacts at the contact point of the impact cone 5 and the bottom slope 3 of the karst cave 2 to form a platform which. After the platform is formed, the steel wire rope A21 restarts to pull the percussion drill mechanism 4 to reciprocate greatly, performs reciprocating impact on the bottom of the platform and finally forms the vertical percussion drill hole 1 on the slope 3 at the bottom of the karst cave 2, the whole process does not need to put in a large amount of rubbles, cost is saved, simultaneously, mud used for protecting the hole wall and discharging slag in the drill hole 1 is prevented from being lost in a large amount due to insufficient experience of putting in the rubbles, and the efficiency of the karst geological percussion drill hole 1 is improved.

When the percussion drilling mechanism 4 encounters the karst cave 2 with the lower bottom slope 3 in the process of percussion drilling 1, the percussion drilling mechanism 4 is vertically pulled out of the drilling 1 through a steel wire rope A21, the swing limiting mechanism 58 is matched with the percussion drilling mechanism 4, and the swing rod 20 is inserted into a ring sleeve D92 on the swing limiting mechanism 58 and is hung into the drilling 1 together with the percussion drilling mechanism 4. When the impact cone 5 reaches the gentle slope 3 at the bottom of the karst cave 2 again, the swing limiting mechanism 58 is kept above the karst cave 2. An electric module connected with a steel wire rope B76 on the percussion drilling machine is started, the electric module drives a winding wheel A75 on a swing limiting mechanism 58 to rotate through the steel wire rope B76, the winding wheel A75 drives a corresponding shaft A66 to rotate, a shaft A66 provided with the winding wheel A75 drives a plurality of shafts A66 to synchronously rotate through a corresponding bevel gear A67 and an adjacent bevel gear B68, each shaft A66 drives an internal thread sleeve A72 in threaded fit with the shaft A72 to radially extend out along a ring sleeve A59 in the corresponding ring sleeve B70, and an arc plate A74 arranged at the tail end of the internal thread sleeve A72 presses against the hole wall of the drill hole 1, so that the purpose of fixedly supporting the swing limiting mechanism 58 in the drill hole 1 is achieved.

Then, an electric module connected with a steel wire rope C79 on the percussion drilling machine is started, the electric module drives a winding wheel B78 to rotate through the steel wire rope C79, the winding wheel B78 drives a circular ring B85 to vertically move downwards in a circular ring sleeve C86 through a shaft B77, a bevel gear C80, a bevel gear D81, an internal thread sleeve B82 and a guide rod 84 in threaded fit with the internal thread sleeve B82 and finally abut against the circular ring C87 and the circular ring D89, the rotation and swing of the ring C87 around the shaft C88 relative to the ring sleeve C86 are limited, the rotation and swing of the ring D89 around the shaft D90 relative to the ring C87 are limited, so that the ring sleeve C86, the ring C87 and the ring D89 form a cross universal joint structure and are locked so as not to play a cross universal joint function, thereby realizing the swing limitation of the swing rod 20, leading the swing rod 20 to only generate vertical axial sliding relative to the ring sleeve D92, and further limits the swinging of the impact cone 5 around the contact point of the impact cone and the bottom slope 3 of the karst cave 2 under the action of the bottom gentle slope 3 of the karst cave 2.

At this moment, draw percussion drill mechanism 4 through wire rope A21 and carry out the small-amplitude motion of vertical direction for the impact cone 5 of small-amplitude motion strikes the gentle slope 3 of solution cavity 2 bottom, and finally strikes the pore-forming on the gentle slope 3 of solution cavity 2 bottom, effectively reduces percussion drill mechanism 4 and receives the frequency of striking piece 55 striking when meetting solution cavity 2, reduces the equipment loss, effective extension equipment life. Meanwhile, the impact drilling mechanism 4 is guaranteed to perform effective impact drilling 1 on the slope 3 at the bottom of the karst cave 2 under the condition that the rubble is not thrown into the karst cave 2 under the cooperation of the swing limiting mechanism 58. After the bottom of the karst cave 2 is impacted and drilled with the drill hole 1, the arc plate A74 on the swing limiting mechanism 58 is separated from the hole wall of the drill hole 1 by reversely pulling the steel wire rope B76, and the swing limiting mechanism 58 is hoisted out of the drill hole 1 and then detached.

When the impact drilling mechanism 4 performs impact drilling 1 on a rock stratum with a plurality of vertically and continuously distributed karst caves 2, after the impact drilling mechanism 4 matched with the swing limiting mechanism 58 performs impact drilling 1 on the karst caves 2 with gentle bottom slopes 3, the steel wire rope B76 is pulled reversely to meet the karst caves 2 with steep bottom slopes 3 again, the steel wire rope B76 is pulled reversely to separate the arc plates A74 on the swing limiting mechanism 58 from the hole wall of the drilled hole 1 and to further go deep into the impact drilling mechanism 4, and the ring B85 in the swing limiting mechanism 58 keeps limiting relative swing of the ring C87 and the ring B85. When the percussion drilling mechanism 4 meets the cavern 2 with the steep bottom slope 3 again, the steel wire rope B76 is pulled forward again to press the arc plates A74 on the swing limiting mechanism 58 against the hole wall and fix the swing limiting mechanism 58 above the cavern 2 with the steep bottom slope 3. Then, the steel wire rope C79 is pulled reversely, the steel wire rope C79 drives the winding wheel B78 to rotate reversely, the winding wheel B78 drives the circular ring B85 to move vertically upwards in the ring sleeve C86 through a series of transmission, and the relative rotation swing limit of the circular ring C87 and the circular ring D89 is released, so that the cross universal joint structure formed by the ring sleeve C86, the circular ring C87 and the circular ring D89 plays a role again, and the swing limit of the swing rod 20 is released.

The impact cone 5 is pulled to reciprocate by a small amplitude through the steel wire rope A21 to swing to and fro by a small amplitude around the contact point of the impact cone 5 and the steep slope 3 at the bottom of the karst cave 2, so that the impact block 55 repeatedly impacts the impact cone 5, the impact cone 5 impacts the slope 3 at the bottom of the karst cave 2 to form a platform allowing the impact cone to vertically impact the drill hole 1 on the slope 3 at the bottom of the karst cave 2, and after the platform is formed, the impact drill mechanism 4 is pulled to reciprocate by a large amplitude through the steel wire rope A21 to impact the drill hole 1 and finally impact the drill hole. In the process of carrying out impact drilling 1 on the steep slope 3 at the bottom of the karst cave 2, the circular ring C87 and the circular ring D89 in the swing limiting mechanism 58 carry out self-adaptive swing along with the swing rod 20. When the bottom slope 3 meets the karst cave 2 with a relatively slow bottom slope, the relative rotation swing of the ring C87 and the ring D89 in the swing limiting mechanism 58 can be limited again.

After drilling 1 of a rock stratum with a plurality of vertically and continuously distributed karst caves 2 is finished, firstly pulling a steel wire rope B76 to separate a plurality of arc plates A74 on the swing limiting mechanism 58 from the hole wall, and then hoisting the arc plates A74 out of the drill hole 1 together with the percussion drilling mechanism 4.

After the drill hole 1 is formed, a ground cage needs to be placed into the drill hole 1 and concrete needs to be poured. At this time, the grouting auxiliary mechanisms 93 are mutually sleeved, the sleeved grouting auxiliary mechanisms 93 are placed into the drill holes 1, and the grouting auxiliary mechanism 93 located at the lowermost end is fixed in the part of the drill hole 1 below the bottom of the karst cave 2, so that the upper part and the lower part of the drill hole 1 of the karst cave 2 are completely connected by the sleeved grouting auxiliary mechanisms 93, and the concrete is prevented from being largely lost through the karst cave 2 in the pouring process.

The mutual sleeving process of the two adjacent grouting auxiliary mechanisms 93 is as follows:

one grouting aid 93 is nested on another grouting aid 93 such that the arc plates B105 of the inner grouting aid 93 are located inside the top end of the cylinder 109 of the outer grouting aid 93. The corresponding winding wheel C106 is driven to rotate by pulling a steel wire rope D107 in the inner side grouting auxiliary mechanism 93, the winding wheel C106 drives the corresponding shaft E96 to rotate, the shaft E96 drives the other shafts E96 to synchronously rotate through the corresponding bevel gear E97 and the adjacent bevel gear F98, each shaft E96 drives the internal thread sleeve C104 in threaded fit with the shaft E to outwards extend in the corresponding ring sleeve G100 along the radial direction of the ring sleeve F94 and abut against the inner wall of the cylinder 109 on the outer side grouting auxiliary mechanism 93, and therefore mutual sleeving of the two grouting auxiliary grouting mechanisms is completed.

The grouting auxiliary mechanisms 93 are respectively and sequentially nested on the outer grouting auxiliary mechanisms 93 which are mutually sleeved, so that the arc plates B105 of the grouting auxiliary mechanisms 93 which are positioned on the inner side are positioned in the top ends of the cylinders 109 in the outer grouting auxiliary mechanisms 93, and the arc plates B105 are pressed against the inner sides of the cylinders 109 to realize the mutual sleeving of the grouting auxiliary mechanisms 93, the grouting auxiliary mechanism 93 at the lowest end is ensured to be positioned on the outermost side, and the arc plates B105 of the grouting auxiliary mechanism 93 at the lowest end are matched with the hole wall of the bottom drilling hole 1 of the karst cave 2.

The procedure for fixing the grouting assist mechanism 93 in the rotation hole is as follows:

and (3) putting the sleeved grouting auxiliary mechanisms 93 into the drill hole 1, so that the lowest grouting auxiliary mechanism 93 enters the part of the drill hole 1 at the bottom of the karst cave 2, and the cylinders 109 of the other grouting auxiliary mechanisms 93 are matched with the hole wall of the drill hole 1 above the karst cave 2. The steel wire rope D107 in the lowest grouting auxiliary mechanism 93 is pulled to drive the corresponding winding wheel C106 to rotate, and the winding wheel C106 drives the corresponding arc plates B105 to be abutted against the hole wall of the drilling hole 1 at the bottom of the karst cave 2 through a series of transmission, so that the purpose of fixing the grouting auxiliary mechanisms 93 which are mutually sleeved in the drilling hole 1 is achieved.

In conclusion, the beneficial effects of the invention are as follows: when the impact drilling mechanism 4 passes through the karst cave 2 to perform impact drilling 1, the operation of vertically passing through the karst cave 2 to continuously perform the impact drilling 1 can be completed without throwing a large amount of stones into the karst cave 2, the condition that mud used for chip removal and hole wall protection in the drilling 1 is lost due to insufficient amount of stones is avoided, and the condition that the effect of throwing the stones is not good due to inaccurate stone throwing position is also avoided, so that the operation efficiency and the hole forming efficiency of the karst geological impact drilling 1 are effectively improved to a certain extent.

In addition, the effective cooperation of the swing limiting mechanism 58 and the impact drilling mechanism 4 is adopted to effectively carry out the impact drilling 1 operation on the geology vertically and continuously distributed with a plurality of karst caves 2, and the swing limiting mechanism 58 carries out proper swing limitation on the impact drilling mechanism 4 according to the steepness degree of the bottom slope 3 of the karst cave 2. When the impact drilling mechanism 4 meets the steep bottom slope 3 of the karst cave 2, the swing limiting mechanism 58 releases the swing limitation on the impact drilling mechanism 4, so that the impact drilling mechanism 4 forms horizontal impact on the bottom slope 3 of the karst cave 2 under the action of the impact block 55 and finally forms a platform for facilitating the impact drilling mechanism 4 to perform impact drilling 1 vertically downwards. When the impact drilling mechanism 4 meets the bottom slope 3 of the gentle karst cave 2, the swing limiting mechanism 58 limits the swing of the impact drilling mechanism 4, so that the impact drilling mechanism 4 vertically performs small-amplitude reciprocating impact on the bottom slope 3 of the gentle karst cave 2 under the self-weight action and finally forms the vertical drilling hole 1 on the bottom slope 3 of the karst cave 2, the impact of the impact drilling mechanism 4 which is impacted by the impact block 55 is effectively reduced, the equipment loss is reduced, and the service life of the equipment is prolonged.

The impact device is suitable for the condition that the karst cave is larger than that of the impact drill, and the impact drill cannot swing to work.

Claims (8)

1. An apparatus for drilling a karst geological pile foundation, characterized in that: the device comprises an impact drilling mechanism, a swing limiting mechanism and a grouting auxiliary mechanism, wherein the impact drilling mechanism is hung on a steel wire rope A of an impact drilling machine, and the impact drilling mechanism carries out reciprocating impact crushing on a rock stratum under the reciprocating traction of the steel wire rope A so as to form an impact drilling hole on the rock stratum; when the impact drilling mechanism meets and reaches a steep slope at the bottom of the karst cave, the impact drilling mechanism is pulled to and fro through a steel wire rope A, the impact drilling mechanism generates small-angle reciprocating swing around a contact point of the impact drilling mechanism and the slope at the bottom of the karst cave, an impact block carried by the impact drilling mechanism impacts the impact drilling mechanism when the impact drilling mechanism swings back around the contact point of the impact drilling mechanism and the slope at the bottom of the karst cave, the impact drilling mechanism impacted by the impact block impacts the contact point of the impact drilling mechanism and the slope at the bottom of the karst cave, finally, a platform for limiting the swing of the impact drilling mechanism is formed on the slope at the bottom of the karst cave, and the impact drilling mechanism performs straight-up and straight-down impact;

the percussion drilling mechanism is matched with a swing limiting mechanism matched with the wall of a drilling hole, and the swing limiting mechanism matched with the percussion drilling mechanism is suitable for rock stratum percussion drilling operation of vertically and continuously distributing a plurality of karst caves; the swing limiting mechanism prevents the impact drilling mechanism reaching the gentle slope at the bottom of the karst cave from swinging, the impact drilling mechanism performs small-amplitude reciprocating vertical impact on the gentle slope at the bottom of the karst cave under the cooperation of the swing limiting mechanism and finally forms a vertical impact drilling hole on the gentle slope at the bottom of the karst cave, and the impact frequency of the impact block on the impact drilling mechanism is effectively reduced; when a karst cave with a steep bottom slope is encountered, the swing limitation of the swing limiting mechanism on the impact drilling mechanism is removed.

2. An apparatus for karst geological pile foundation drilling according to claim 1, characterised in that: the percussion drilling mechanism comprises a percussion cone, a rotary sleeve, a slide rod, a spring A, a circular plate, a trigger rod, a swing rod, an arc-shaped sliding sleeve and an impact block, wherein the top end of the five-claw-shaped percussion cone is provided with a cylindrical table, the top end of the cylindrical table is in spherical hinge connection with the swing rod connected with a steel wire rope A, and the swing rod is matched with a swing limiting mechanism; a sliding rod vertically slides in the middle of the inner part of the impact cone, and a spring A for resetting the sliding rod is nested on the sliding rod; a circular plate arranged at the top end of the sliding rod is in contact fit with a trigger rod arranged at the tail end of the oscillating rod; a rotating sleeve and an impact block which are mutually impacted and matched slide in the arc-shaped sliding sleeve around the central axis of the arc-shaped sliding sleeve, and the rotating sleeve is nested and rotates on the cylindrical table; the rotating sleeve and the arc sliding sleeve are provided with structures which lock the rotating sleeve at the middle position of the arc sliding sleeve and at the limit position of one end in the arc sliding sleeve and are driven by the sliding rod, the structures unlock the position of the rotating sleeve at the middle part in the arc sliding sleeve when the cylindrical table swings from the vertical state and lock the limit position of one end in the arc sliding sleeve when the cylindrical table swings from the inclined state to the vertical state; the arc-shaped sliding sleeve is provided with a structure for locking the impact block farthest from the rotating sleeve in the arc-shaped sliding sleeve, and the structure locks the position of the impact block farthest from the rotating sleeve when the cylindrical table swings from the vertical state and unlocks the position of the impact block farthest from the rotating sleeve when the cylindrical table swings from the inclined state to the vertical state.

3. An apparatus for karst geological pile foundation drilling according to claim 2, characterised in that: the sliding rod slides in a sliding groove A in the cylindrical table, and the circular plate moves in a circular groove A at the top of the sliding groove A; the sliding rod is symmetrically provided with two guide blocks A which slide in two guide grooves A on the inner wall of the sliding groove A respectively; the spring A is positioned in a common ring groove A on the inner wall of the sliding groove A; one end of the spring A is connected with the inner wall of the common ring groove A, and the other end of the spring A is connected with a tension spring ring A arranged on the sliding rod; a circular ring A is nested and installed on the cylindrical table and rotates in a common ring groove C on the inner wall of the rotating sleeve; a sliding block vertically slides in the sliding chute A, a rack B arranged at the upper end of the sliding block is meshed with a straight gear B arranged in the sliding chute A, the straight gear B is connected with a coaxial straight gear A through a shaft sleeve, and the straight gear A is meshed with a rack A arranged at the lower end of the sliding rod; a common ring groove B is formed in the outer side of the cylindrical table, and a ring sleeve H is rotationally matched in the common ring groove B; the ring sleeve H is fixedly connected with the sliding block through four connecting blocks which are uniformly distributed in the circumferential direction, and the four connecting blocks vertically slide in four sliding chutes B which are arranged on the inner wall of the sliding chute A and are communicated with the common ring groove B respectively; the rotating sleeve is symmetrically provided with two guide blocks B which slide in two guide grooves B on the inner wall of the arc-shaped ring sleeve respectively; the inner wall of the rotating sleeve is symmetrically provided with two sliding chutes C communicated with the outer side of the rotating sleeve, each sliding chute C is internally provided with an outer sleeve matched with the common ring groove E on the ring sleeve H in a sliding manner, and the inner wall of the common ring groove E is provided with a transition inclined plane which is convenient for the outer sleeve to slide out of the common ring groove E along the central axis of the cylindrical table; each outer sleeve is nested with a spring B for resetting the outer sleeve; a limiting block A matched with a limiting groove A and a limiting groove B on the inner wall of the corresponding side of the arc-shaped sliding sleeve is arranged in each outer sleeve in a sliding manner; each outer sleeve is internally provided with a spring C for resetting the corresponding limiting block A; the two guide blocks F are symmetrically arranged on the impact block and respectively slide in the two guide grooves B on the inner wall of the arc-shaped sliding sleeve; the impact block is matched with two limiting blocks B sliding in two sliding grooves D symmetrically distributed near the tail end of the inner wall of the arc-shaped sliding sleeve; a trigger block A matched with the corresponding side limiting block A slides in each limiting groove A, and a trigger block B matched with the corresponding side limiting block A slides in each limiting groove B; the trigger block A, the trigger block B and the limiting block B on the same side are arranged on the same connecting rod, and the connecting rod slides in a sliding chute E which is communicated with the limiting groove A, the limiting groove B and the sliding chute D on the same side in the arc-shaped sliding sleeve; two springs D for resetting the corresponding connecting rods are symmetrically arranged in the sliding groove E; one end of the spring D is connected with the connecting rod, and the other end of the spring D is connected with the inner wall of the sliding groove E.

4. An apparatus for karst geological pile foundation drilling according to claim 3, characterised in that: the spring B is positioned in a common ring groove D on the inner wall of the corresponding chute C; one end of the spring B is connected with the inner wall of the corresponding ring groove D, and the other end of the spring B is connected with a tension spring ring B arranged on the corresponding outer sleeve; two guide blocks C are symmetrically arranged on the limiting block A, and respectively slide in two guide grooves C on the inner wall of the corresponding outer sleeve; one end of the spring C is connected with the inner wall of the corresponding outer sleeve, and the other end of the spring C is connected with the end face of the corresponding limiting block A; the bottom of the impact cone is evenly and densely provided with impact teeth; the limiting groove A is positioned in the middle of the inner wall of the corresponding side of the arc-shaped sliding sleeve, and the limiting groove B and the sliding groove D are respectively positioned near two ends of the inner wall of the corresponding side of the arc-shaped sliding sleeve; the radian of the limiting groove B along the sliding direction of the rotating sleeve relative to the arc-shaped sliding sleeve is greater than that of the limiting groove A.

5. An apparatus for karst geological pile foundation drilling according to claim 1, characterised in that: the swing limiting mechanism comprises a ring sleeve A, a shaft A, a bevel gear B, a ring sleeve B, an internal thread sleeve A, an arc plate A, a winding wheel A, a steel wire rope B, a shaft B, a winding wheel B, a steel wire rope C, a bevel gear D, an internal thread sleeve B, a guide rod, a circular ring B, a ring sleeve C, a circular ring C, a shaft C, a circular ring D, a shaft D and a ring sleeve D, wherein radial shafts A are respectively matched in a plurality of circular grooves B uniformly formed in the circumferential direction on the side wall of the ring sleeve A in a rotating mode; each shaft A is provided with a bevel gear A, and two adjacent bevel gears A are simultaneously meshed with a bevel gear B arranged on the inner wall of the ring sleeve A; each shaft A is in threaded fit with an internal thread sleeve A, and the internal thread sleeve A slides in a ring sleeve B arranged at a corresponding circular groove B in the radial direction; the tail end of the internal thread sleeve A is provided with an arc plate A matched with the inner wall of the drill hole; a winding wheel A is arranged on one shaft A and is positioned in the accommodating groove on the inner wall of the corresponding circular groove B; a plurality of circles of steel wire ropes B are wound on the winding wheel A, two ends of each steel wire rope B are connected with an electric module arranged on the percussion drilling machine, and the electric module drives the winding wheel A to rotate through the steel wire ropes B;

a plurality of through circular grooves C are uniformly formed in the end face of the ring sleeve A in the circumferential direction, and each circular groove C is axially provided with a guide rod in a sliding manner; a transmission groove is formed in the inner wall of one circular groove C, and a circular groove D communicated with the outer side wall of the ring sleeve A is formed in the inner side wall of the transmission groove; an internal thread sleeve B which is in threaded fit with the corresponding guide rod is rotationally matched on the bottom of the transmission groove; the internal thread sleeve B is provided with a bevel gear D which is meshed with a bevel gear C arranged on the shaft B; a shaft B is rotationally matched in the circular groove D, a winding wheel B is arranged on the shaft B, and a plurality of circles of steel wire ropes C are wound on the winding wheel B; the lower end of the ring sleeve A is provided with a ring sleeve C, and a concentric circular ring C is hinged in the ring sleeve C through two symmetrically arranged radial shafts C; two radial shafts D which are symmetrically arranged are hinged in the circular ring C to form a concentric circular ring D, and the central axis of the shaft D is vertically intersected with the central axis of the shaft C; a ring sleeve D with the same central axis is arranged in the ring D through a plurality of fixing rods which are uniformly distributed in the circumference; the ring sleeve D is matched with a swing rod in the percussion drill mechanism; and a circular ring B matched with the circular ring C and the circular ring D is axially and slidably matched in the circular ring C, and the circular ring B is fixedly connected with a plurality of guide rods.

6. An apparatus for karst geological pile foundation drilling according to claim 5, characterised in that: the internal thread sleeve B is provided with a trapezoidal guide ring which rotates in a trapezoidal ring groove on the bottom of the transmission groove; a shield A for isolating the bevel gear A and the bevel gear B from the slurry is arranged on the inner wall of the ring sleeve A; two guide blocks D are symmetrically arranged on the internal thread sleeve A and respectively slide in two guide grooves D on the inner wall of the ring sleeve B.

7. The construction grouting method for the karst geological pile foundation drilling equipment based on the claim 1 comprises the following steps: firstly, a pile foundation drill hole vertically penetrating through a karst cave is impacted by utilizing an impact drilling mechanism; secondly, plugging the periphery of the karst cave through which the drill holes pass by in a mode of placing a plurality of grouting auxiliary mechanisms which are mutually sleeved in the drill holes, and completely connecting the upper drill hole and the lower drill hole of the karst cave; and thirdly, placing a ground cage into the drill hole and pouring concrete to complete the pouring of the foundation pile.

8. The grouting assist mechanism of claim 7, wherein: the spiral bevel gear comprises a ring sleeve F, a shaft E, a bevel gear F, a shield B, a ring sleeve G, an internal thread sleeve C, an arc plate B, a winding wheel C, a steel wire rope D, a ring plate and a cylinder, wherein radial shafts E are respectively matched in a plurality of circular grooves E uniformly formed in the circumferential direction on the side wall of the ring sleeve F in a rotating mode; each shaft E is provided with a bevel gear E, and two adjacent bevel gears E are meshed with bevel gears F arranged on the inner wall of the ring sleeve F at the same time; each shaft E is in threaded fit with an internal thread sleeve C, and the internal thread sleeve C slides in a ring sleeve G arranged at a corresponding circular groove E in the radial direction; the tail end of the internal thread sleeve C is provided with an arc plate B matched with the inner wall of the drill hole; the internal thread sleeve C is symmetrically provided with two guide blocks E which respectively slide in two guide grooves E on the inner wall of the corresponding ring sleeve G; a winding wheel C is installed on one shaft E, a plurality of circles of steel wire ropes D are wound on the winding wheel C, two ends of each steel wire rope D are connected with an electric module installed on the percussion drilling machine, and the electric module drives the winding wheel C to rotate through the steel wire ropes D; the upper end of the ring sleeve F is provided with a ring plate, and the ring plate is provided with a cylinder matched with the inner wall of the drill hole; and a shield B for isolating the bevel gear E and the bevel gear F from mud is arranged on the inner side of the ring sleeve F.

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