Disclosure of Invention
The invention aims to provide a visual composite foundation piling technology model test device and method aiming at the defects in the prior art, and the visual composite foundation piling technology model test device and method are used for carrying out image acquisition on the process of carrying out fixed spraying on a construction drill rod in a soil sample by combining an acquisition unit with a transparent side plate test box, analyzing a piling mechanism by combining the piling process in the soil sample, optimizing process parameters, simulating the piling process of a stirring pile, a high-pressure jet grouting pile and the like, and evaluating the piling quality.
The first purpose of the present disclosure is to provide a visual composite foundation piling technical model test device, which adopts the following technical scheme:
the test box comprises a support and a test box body, wherein at least one transparent side plate is installed on the test box body, a perforated plate is installed at the bottom of the test box body at intervals, a loading mechanism and a construction drill rod are installed on the support, the loading plate of the loading mechanism faces the perforated plate, the construction drill rod is installed on the support through a kinematic pair and used for changing the relative positions of the construction drill rod and the test box body, and a collecting unit facing the transparent side plate is arranged on the outer side of the test box body.
Further, transparent curb plate is articulated with the proof box main part, can realize opening and shutting of proof box around articulated position upset, and the contact position laminating of transparent curb plate and proof box is sealed.
Furthermore, a water storage cavity is formed between the perforated plate and the bottom surface inside the test box, and the water storage cavity is provided with a water inlet hole and a water outlet hole which penetrate through the side wall of the test box and are communicated with the outside.
Furthermore, the anti-filtration geotextile is pasted on the perforated plate.
Furthermore, the loading plate is positioned in the box body and arranged parallel to the perforated plate at intervals, and the distance between the loading plate and the perforated plate can be changed to simulate the soil body pressure at different depths.
Furthermore, one end of the construction drill rod is connected with the slurry supply mechanism, the other end of the construction drill rod extends into the box body, and the slurry spraying port of the construction drill rod is located on the side wall of the construction drill rod.
Further, the construction drill rod comprises a stirring rod, a rotary spray rod and the like, and one of the stirring rod and the rotary spray rod is mounted on the kinematic pair.
The second purpose of the present disclosure is to provide a visual composite foundation piling technology model test method, which utilizes the visual composite foundation piling technology model test device as described above;
the method comprises the following steps:
filling a test soil sample between the perforated plate and the loading plate in the test box, setting the density of the soil sample according to the research requirement, applying pressure to the soil sample through the loading plate to simulate the required depth of a soil layer, adjusting water inlet and outlet between the perforated plate and the bottom surface of the test box, and controlling the saturation of the soil sample;
moving the construction drill rod to a position close to the transparent side plate, drilling into the soil sample and keeping the slurry injection area isolated from the transparent side plate;
the construction drill rod and the fixed position are subjected to fixed-position spraying (or small-angle swing spraying), different soil samples are repeatedly used for fixed-position spraying tests, and the acquisition units respectively acquire and obtain images of the guniting process of each test;
and replacing test soil samples with different soil qualities, filling the test soil samples into the test box, moving the construction drill rod to the central position of the drillable hole area, and simulating pile forming processes of stirring piles, high-pressure jet grouting piles and the like.
And further, the guniting pressure and the lifting speed of the construction drill rod in the test process are adjusted according to different working conditions.
Further, the construction drill rod is fixed to the center of the drillable hole area, a swing jet test is carried out, the pile forming process of high-pressure rotary jet is simulated, or a fixed jet pile forming test is carried out, or the swing jet pile forming test is carried out within a certain angle.
Compared with the prior art, the utility model has the advantages and positive effects that:
(1) the method comprises the following steps of performing image acquisition on the process of performing fixed spraying on a construction drill rod in a soil sample by combining an acquisition unit with a transparent side plate test box, analyzing the guniting parameters in the pile forming process by combining the pile forming process in the soil sample, simulating the pile forming processes of stirring piles, high-pressure jet grouting piles and the like, and providing data support for the research of a pile forming mechanism;
(2) the drill rod type can be replaced, so that the construction simulation of a cement mixing pile and a high-pressure jet grouting pile can be realized;
(3) the position of the drill rod in the model test box can be freely adjusted and replaced, and a water storage tank at the bottom of the box body simulates the saturation condition of the water content of the soil body through water inlet and water outlet; a hydraulic jack reaction frame fixed on the box body frame applies pressure through a loading plate to realize the simulation of the soil consolidation degree;
(4) through the directional injection of the color cement grout, the image capture in the fixed injection process is carried out by the high-speed camera, so that the grout injection process in the injection process is completely recorded, the visualization of the grout injection process in the rotary jet pile construction process under different working conditions is realized, and the research on the pile forming mechanism of the rotary jet pile is facilitated.
Detailed Description
It should be noted that the following detailed description is exemplary and is intended to provide further explanation of the disclosure. Unless defined otherwise, all technical and scientific terms used herein have the same meaning as commonly understood by one of ordinary skill in the art to which this disclosure belongs.
It is noted that the terminology used herein is for the purpose of describing particular embodiments only and is not intended to be limiting of example embodiments according to the present disclosure. As used herein, the singular forms "a", "an", and/or "the" are intended to include the plural forms as well, and it should be understood that when the terms "comprises" and/or "comprising" are used in this specification, they specify the presence of stated features, steps, operations, devices, components, and/or combinations thereof;
for convenience of description, the words "up", "down", "left" and "right" in this disclosure, if any, merely indicate that the directions of movement are consistent with those of the figures themselves, and are not limiting in structure, but merely facilitate the description of the invention and simplify the description, rather than indicate or imply that the referenced device or element must have a particular orientation, be constructed and operated in a particular orientation, and thus should not be construed as limiting the present disclosure.
As introduced in the background art, as a hidden project in the prior art, a reliable quality control method is lacked in the construction process, the pile forming process cannot be visualized, and the research on the pile forming mechanism is deficient, so that the improvement of the pile forming technology of the mixing pile and the jet grouting pile is difficult; aiming at the problems, the disclosure provides a visual composite foundation piling technology model test device and a method.
Example 1
In an exemplary embodiment of the present disclosure, as shown in fig. 1 to 4, a visual composite foundation piling technical model test apparatus is provided.
The device comprises a support and a test box provided with at least one transparent side plate, wherein a perforated plate is arranged in the test box at an interval with the bottom surface of the test box, a loading mechanism and a construction drill rod 20 are arranged on the support, the loading plate of the loading mechanism faces the perforated plate, the construction drill rod is arranged on the support through a kinematic pair and used for changing the relative positions of the construction drill rod and the test box, and a collecting unit facing the transparent side plate is arranged on the outer side of the test box;
for the test box, the test box is a model box which is formed by combining toughened glass serving as a transparent side plate and a steel plate serving as other side plates; for the construction drill rod, one end of the construction drill rod is connected with a slurry supply mechanism, the other end of the construction drill rod extends into the box body, a slurry spraying port of the construction drill rod is positioned on the side wall of the construction drill rod, and the slurry supply mechanism selects an indoor jet grouting simulation system;
for the loading mechanism, the loading mechanism comprises a hydraulic jack, a loading plate 10 and a reaction frame 9, the support is used as the reaction frame, one end of the hydraulic jack is connected with the reaction frame, and the other end of the hydraulic jack is used as an output end and is connected with the loading plate;
the reaction frame of the hydraulic jack fixed on the box body frame applies pressure through the loading plate to realize the simulation of the soil consolidation degree.
For the kinematic pair, a structure that a sliding rail 19 is matched with a sliding rod 21 can be selected, two sliding rails are arranged at the position, corresponding to the top of the model box, of the support, a high-strength sliding rod is placed on each sliding rail, a movable fixing clamp is arranged on each sliding rail, and the movable fixing clamp clamps the construction drill rod.
The construction drill rod comprises a stirring rod, a rotary spray rod and a drilling, spraying and stirring integrated drill rod; installing different construction drill rods on the fixing clamp according to requirements;
one end of the construction drill rod is connected with the slurry supply mechanism, the other end of the construction drill rod extends into the box body, and a slurry spraying port of the construction drill rod is positioned on the side wall of the construction drill rod;
the indoor jet grouting simulation system consists of a high-pressure cement pump 15, a high-pressure water pump 17, a cement slurry stirring container, a water tank and an air compressor 16;
the water tank and the air compressor are communicated with the cement slurry stirring container, the high-pressure cement pump and the high-pressure water pump are used as slurry driving mechanisms of the jet grouting pile, the input ends of the high-pressure cement pump and the high-pressure water pump are communicated with the cement slurry stirring container, and the output ends of the high-pressure cement pump and the high-pressure water pump are in butt joint with the construction drill rod to achieve.
It can be understood that, as for the stirring rod, the structure is as shown in fig. 1, and the existing stirring rod is selected, and the upper layer stirring blade and the lower layer stirring blade are arranged on the rod body at intervals;
the rotary spray rod has the structure shown in fig. 2, and can be selected from the existing rotary spray rod, a slurry channel 3 is arranged in the rod body, and two ends of the slurry channel are respectively communicated with a slurry inlet and a slurry spraying port 4.
As for the drilling, spraying and stirring integrated drill rod, the structure is shown in figure 3, the upper layer stirring blade and the lower layer stirring blade are arranged on the rod body at intervals, and the end part of the lower layer stirring blade is provided with a horizontal slurry spraying hole 7.
It should be noted that cement slurry of different colors can be processed in the cement slurry stirring container, and the proper color is selected, which is beneficial to the analysis of the whole pile forming process.
For the acquisition unit, a high-speed camera system is adopted in the embodiment, and the high-speed camera system is composed of an automatic light source 12 and a high-definition digital camera 11, wherein the automatic light source can supplement light and illuminate the test box area according to the requirements of the camera.
For the structure of the test box, the transparent side plate is hinged with the test box main body and can be turned around the hinged position to open and close the test box, and the contact position of the transparent side plate and the test box is attached and sealed;
in this embodiment, the size of the bottom surface of the model box composed of the tempered glass side wall 18 and the steel plate is 2.0m × 1.5m, the height is 1.5m, and the bottom edge of one side surface is hinged with the bottom plate and can be turned over and opened and closed up and down;
the construction drill rod is fixed on a sliding rod at the upper part of the model test box;
the construction drill rod is connected with an indoor injection grouting simulation system; the hydraulic jack reaction frame applies pressure to the soil body through the loading plate;
a water storage tank is arranged between the double-layer low-carbon steel plates, the upper layer is a steel plate with water-permeable holes and serves as an open-pore water-permeable bottom plate 8, and the lower layer is a compact non-porous steel plate;
specifically, a water storage cavity is formed between the perforated plate and the bottom surface inside the test box, and the water storage cavity is provided with a water inlet hole 13 and a water outlet hole 14 which penetrate through the side wall of the test box and are communicated with the outside;
the position of the drill rod in the model test box can be freely adjusted and can be replaced, and the water storage tank at the bottom of the box body simulates the saturation condition of the water content of the soil body through water inlet and water outlet.
It should be pointed out that the perforated plate is pasted with the reversed filter geotextile, namely the steel plate with the permeable holes on the upper layer is covered with the reversed filter geotextile to prevent the soil body from permeating into the water storage tank on the lower layer.
The sliding rod is provided with a slidable fixing clamp which can slide in the horizontal direction, and the drill rod is provided with a lifting and drilling device and can control the lifting and drilling speed of the drill rod so as to facilitate the position movement of the stirring and spraying rod. The construction drill rod can be replaced by a stirring rod, a rotary spray rod and a drilling, spraying and stirring integrated drill rod;
the loading plate covers the top area of the model test box, a construction area of the construction drill rod is reserved, the construction drill rod can conveniently press close to the loading plate to drill, and the slurry is sprayed towards the action area of the loading plate, so that the slurry spraying process in different soil layer depths can be simulated.
The construction drill rod is fixed on one side of the model test box and can move in the up-down left-right direction, and slurry is sprayed into the pressurized soil body by adopting different spraying methods;
the water storage tank is provided with a water inlet and a water outlet, and one side plate can be opened and closed to facilitate cleaning.
Through a detachable steel plate, the filling and taking out of the soil sample are facilitated, and the proper amount of the pile body after the pile is formed is more convenient to inspect. The test of multiple different soil textures can be carried out, and the condition of the injection grouting process in different soil textures is convenient to analyze through the capture of the camera, so that the further adjustment of the construction process and the optimization of construction equipment are convenient.
In the injection process of the construction drill rod, high-pressure swing injection and fixed injection construction in engineering can be simulated by adopting a rotary injection rod, and stirring pile construction in a fixed angle range can be simulated by adopting a stirring rod;
the fixed-spraying construction is used for analyzing the guniting process, and transparent soil can be adopted to observe the guniting process if necessary;
the high-pressure swing spraying construction is used for simulating the construction of a jet grouting pile;
the fixed-range stirring pile construction is used for simulating stirring pile construction, and therefore the pile forming mechanism is analyzed.
Through the type of changing the drilling rod, conveniently observe stirring stake, high pressure jet grouting stake, bore and spout the pile-forming mechanism who stirs integrative stake.
The high-speed digital camera can capture slow motion, and is convenient for observing the process of spraying the slurry and the pile forming process after the slurry enters the soil sample.
The rotary spray rod is fixed on one side of the toughened glass plate of the test box, and through directional spraying of colored cement slurry, image capture in the fixed spray process is carried out by a high-speed camera, so that the slurry spraying process in the spraying process is completely recorded, the slurry spraying process in the rotary spray pile construction process under different working conditions is visualized, and the research on the pile forming mechanism of the rotary spray pile is facilitated.
Example 2
In another exemplary embodiment of the present disclosure, as shown in fig. 1 to 4, a visualized composite foundation piling technical model test method is provided, which utilizes the visualized composite foundation piling technical model test apparatus described in example 1.
The method comprises the following steps:
filling a test soil sample between the perforated plate and the loading plate in the test box, applying pressure to the soil sample through the loading plate to simulate the required soil layer depth, adjusting water inlet and outlet between the perforated plate and the bottom surface of the test box, and controlling the saturation of the soil sample;
moving the construction drill rod to the side of the loading plate close to the transparent side plate, drilling into the soil sample and keeping the slurry injection area isolated from the transparent side plate;
performing fixed spraying on the construction drill rod and the fixed position, repeatedly using different soil samples to perform fixed spraying tests, and acquiring images of the spraying process of each test by the acquisition unit respectively to acquire and analyze fixed spraying parameters;
and replacing test soil samples with different soil qualities, filling the test soil samples into the test box, moving the construction drill rod to the central position of the drillable hole area, and simulating the pile forming process of the stirring pile, the high-pressure jet grouting pile and the drilling jet grouting stirring integrated pile.
And further, the guniting pressure and the lifting speed of the construction drill rod in the test process are adjusted according to different working conditions.
Specifically, the above simulation test method is described in detail with reference to the accompanying drawings and example 1:
A. opening the side steel plate, filling a soil sample to be tested into the model test box, and operating the hydraulic jack reaction frame to apply force to the soil body according to the depth of the soil layer to be simulated in the test so as to realize the simulation of the depth; controlling the adjustable water inlet hole 13 and the adjustable water outlet hole 14 according to the drainage condition required by the test;
B. the rotary spray rod is drilled and fixed beside the toughened glass panel, so that the cement paste spraying direction is ensured to be parallel to the glass panel, and the toughened glass panel cannot be damaged by high-pressure jet;
C. starting a high-speed digital camera 11, turning on an automatic adjusting light source 12, pumping color cement slurry by a high-pressure pump, and performing fixed spraying by rotating a spray rod at a fixed position;
D. repeatedly using different soil samples to perform a fixed-spraying test, capturing an image of a guniting process by the high-speed digital camera 11, and acquiring and analyzing different guniting parameters;
E. filling soil layers with different soil qualities into a model test box, moving a drill rod to the center of the test box and fixing the drill rod, and performing indoor simulation pile forming tests in other construction modes respectively;
and (3) fixing the construction drill rod to the center of the drillable hole area, performing a swinging jet test to simulate the pile forming process of high-pressure jet grouting, or performing a pile forming test of a stirring pile at a fixed angle to simulate the pile forming process of the stirring pile, or performing drilling jet stirring integrated construction within a certain angle to simulate the pile forming process of the drilling jet stirring integrated pile.
Preferably, in the step B, the guniting pressure and the lifting speed in the test can be adjusted according to different working conditions.
Preferably, in step C, the high-speed digital camera 11 can capture slow motion, so as to facilitate observation of the slurry ejection process.
Compared with the traditional indoor simulation pile forming test, the visual pile forming technology model test box system realizes the visualization of the slurry spraying process of the slurry spraying pile and is convenient for researching the mechanism of the rotary spraying pile construction.
And verifying the pile forming quality of the stirring pile, the rotary spraying pile and the drilling, spraying and stirring integrated pile in different soil qualities through a model test, and optimizing the construction process and the construction parameters.
The above description is only a preferred embodiment of the present disclosure and is not intended to limit the present disclosure, and various modifications and changes may be made to the present disclosure by those skilled in the art. Any modification, equivalent replacement, improvement and the like made within the spirit and principle of the present disclosure should be included in the protection scope of the present disclosure.