CN112695315A - Multi-beam high-energy beam composite processing device - Google Patents
Multi-beam high-energy beam composite processing device Download PDFInfo
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- CN112695315A CN112695315A CN202011472389.1A CN202011472389A CN112695315A CN 112695315 A CN112695315 A CN 112695315A CN 202011472389 A CN202011472389 A CN 202011472389A CN 112695315 A CN112695315 A CN 112695315A
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- plasma torch
- gun body
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- composite processing
- preheating
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C23—COATING METALLIC MATERIAL; COATING MATERIAL WITH METALLIC MATERIAL; CHEMICAL SURFACE TREATMENT; DIFFUSION TREATMENT OF METALLIC MATERIAL; COATING BY VACUUM EVAPORATION, BY SPUTTERING, BY ION IMPLANTATION OR BY CHEMICAL VAPOUR DEPOSITION, IN GENERAL; INHIBITING CORROSION OF METALLIC MATERIAL OR INCRUSTATION IN GENERAL
- C23C—COATING METALLIC MATERIAL; COATING MATERIAL WITH METALLIC MATERIAL; SURFACE TREATMENT OF METALLIC MATERIAL BY DIFFUSION INTO THE SURFACE, BY CHEMICAL CONVERSION OR SUBSTITUTION; COATING BY VACUUM EVAPORATION, BY SPUTTERING, BY ION IMPLANTATION OR BY CHEMICAL VAPOUR DEPOSITION, IN GENERAL
- C23C24/00—Coating starting from inorganic powder
- C23C24/08—Coating starting from inorganic powder by application of heat or pressure and heat
- C23C24/10—Coating starting from inorganic powder by application of heat or pressure and heat with intermediate formation of a liquid phase in the layer
- C23C24/103—Coating with metallic material, i.e. metals or metal alloys, optionally comprising hard particles, e.g. oxides, carbides or nitrides
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C21—METALLURGY OF IRON
- C21D—MODIFYING THE PHYSICAL STRUCTURE OF FERROUS METALS; GENERAL DEVICES FOR HEAT TREATMENT OF FERROUS OR NON-FERROUS METALS OR ALLOYS; MAKING METAL MALLEABLE, e.g. BY DECARBURISATION OR TEMPERING
- C21D1/00—General methods or devices for heat treatment, e.g. annealing, hardening, quenching or tempering
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C21—METALLURGY OF IRON
- C21D—MODIFYING THE PHYSICAL STRUCTURE OF FERROUS METALS; GENERAL DEVICES FOR HEAT TREATMENT OF FERROUS OR NON-FERROUS METALS OR ALLOYS; MAKING METAL MALLEABLE, e.g. BY DECARBURISATION OR TEMPERING
- C21D9/00—Heat treatment, e.g. annealing, hardening, quenching or tempering, adapted for particular articles; Furnaces therefor
- C21D9/0068—Heat treatment, e.g. annealing, hardening, quenching or tempering, adapted for particular articles; Furnaces therefor for particular articles not mentioned below
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C22—METALLURGY; FERROUS OR NON-FERROUS ALLOYS; TREATMENT OF ALLOYS OR NON-FERROUS METALS
- C22F—CHANGING THE PHYSICAL STRUCTURE OF NON-FERROUS METALS AND NON-FERROUS ALLOYS
- C22F1/00—Changing the physical structure of non-ferrous metals or alloys by heat treatment or by hot or cold working
Abstract
The invention discloses a multi-beam high-energy beam composite processing device which comprises a preheating plasma torch (1), a post-heating plasma torch (3) and a laser cladding head (2), wherein the preheating plasma torch (1), the post-heating plasma torch (3) and the laser cladding head (2) are connected through a clamp (4), the preheating plasma torch (1) and the post-heating plasma torch (3) are symmetrically arranged along the center, the structural sizes are consistent, and the preheating plasma torch (1) and the post-heating plasma torch (3) are installed and positioned through a fixed shaft (5).
Description
Technical Field
The invention relates to the field of surface protection of engineering machinery parts, in particular to a multi-beam high-energy-beam composite processing device.
Background
The corrosion and the abrasion are important reasons for the failure of parts of the friction pair of the engineering machinery, and the laser cladding and spraying technology is widely adopted for repairing and remanufacturing the parts with the advantages of high efficiency, low consumption, green and the like. Laser cladding is to form a layer of material with special physical, chemical or mechanical properties on the surface of a workpiece by utilizing laser beam irradiation and rapidly melting alloy powder or wire rods so as to obtain higher properties of wear resistance, corrosion resistance, fatigue resistance, high temperature resistance and the like. Because laser cladding is a rapid melting and rapid solidification process, the coating tissue is far away from the equilibrium state, and larger tensile stress remains to generate cracks, thereby restricting the application and development of the laser cladding technology.
Although many researches are made at home and abroad on the problem of improving the cracking tendency of laser cladding, the high-hardness cladding coating still has no ideal effect and application and popularization. At present, most scholars believe that preheating and post-heat treatment have a significant effect on reducing high hardness coatings. The experts respectively carry out analog simulation on the laser cladding temperature fields of the ceramic coatings under different preheating conditions on the substrate, and the result shows that the temperature gradient after the substrate is preheated is obviously reduced, and the temperature gradient is obviously reduced along with the higher preheating temperature. Particularly, compared with the plastic point temperature gradient under the condition of no preheating, the preheating temperature of 800 ℃ is reduced by nearly 80 percent, the thermal stress of the ceramic coating in the cladding process is greatly reduced, and the generation of cracks of the ceramic coating is further inhibited. Still other experts have prepared NiCuFeBSi alloy cladding layers by laser cladding at different preheating temperatures. The results show that when the preheating temperature of the matrix is increased from room temperature to 500 ℃, the width of the white structure area in the semi-melting area is narrowed and distributed in an interrupted manner. Meanwhile, the dilution rate of the cladding layer is increased, more impurity elements of Si and P are diluted into the molten pool to form a network compound structure among crystals.
The influence of heat treatment on the microstructure and the wear resistance of a cladding layer is researched by industry experts, and the result shows that the structure of the laser cladding nickel-based coating after the heat treatment is refined, Cr1.65Fe0.35B0.96 and Cr2B3 hard phases are precipitated in a gamma-Ni matrix, and the hardness and the wear resistance of the coating after the heat treatment are obviously improved. The NiCrBSi coating prepared by the method is subjected to heat treatment at 900 ℃ by the NiCrBSi and the like, and results show that M7C3 carbide dendrites and eutectic structures in the laser cladding NiCrBSi coating after the heat treatment are seriously decomposed, and the wear resistance of the coating under the dry friction condition is slightly improved. The Co-285+ WC coating is prepared by laser deposition of Sun G F and the like, and stress relief annealing treatment is carried out for 1h at 500 ℃. The result shows that the microhardness of the coating is reduced by 39 percent, and the residual stress is reduced by 22 to 88 percent. It is noteworthy that the residual stress manifestation changes from tensile to compressive, which is beneficial for improving the service life of the coating. The wear resistance of the coating after annealing treatment is 6.8 times of that of the original coating.
The above research results show that preheating and post-heat treatment have an obvious effect on reducing high hardness coatings and provide parameter basis for specific coating systems. However, at present, only the preheating and the post-heat treatment are studied dispersedly, and no effective coating composite treatment technology is found.
Disclosure of Invention
In view of the above problems in the prior art, the present application provides a multi-beam high-energy beam composite processing apparatus.
The technical scheme of the invention is as follows:
a multi-beam high-energy beam composite processing device comprises a preheating plasma torch, a post-heating plasma torch and a laser cladding head, wherein the preheating plasma torch, the post-heating plasma torch and the laser cladding head are connected through a clamp.
As a preferred embodiment of the present invention: the preheating plasma torch and the post-heating plasma torch are symmetrically arranged along the center, and the structural sizes are consistent.
As a preferred embodiment of the present invention: the preheating plasma torch and the post-heating plasma torch are arranged and positioned through the fixed shaft.
As a preferred embodiment of the present invention: the preheating plasma torch and the post-heating plasma torch are both provided with a rear gun body, and the rear gun body and the front gun body are connected and insulated through an insulating plate.
As a preferred embodiment of the present invention: the fixed shaft is connected with a tungsten electrode seat, a tungsten electrode rod is positioned and installed on the tungsten electrode seat, and the tungsten electrode seat and the tungsten electrode rod can be detached.
As a preferred embodiment of the present invention: the front gun body and the rear gun body are respectively cooled circularly through a front gun body cooling pipe and a rear gun body cooling pipe, and the rear gun body cooling pipe is connected with the tungsten electrode base.
As a preferred embodiment of the present invention: the foregun body is provided with a detachable nozzle.
As a preferred embodiment of the present invention: the tungsten electrode base is arranged on the rear gun body through a fastening nut.
A multi-beam high-energy beam composite processing method comprises the following steps:
s1: the preheating plasma torch is started firstly, the tungsten electrode bar and the nozzle generate the plasma torch, and the workpiece is preheated so as to reduce the temperature gradient in the cladding process.
S2: and cladding the surface of the preheated workpiece by the laser cladding head to form the required coating.
S3: the post-heat plasma torch heats the coating and slows down the cooling speed so as to reduce the thermal stress in the cooling process of the coating.
The beneficial technical effects of the invention are as follows:
a multi-beam high-energy beam composite processing device reduces the temperature gradient in the cladding process by preheating a workpiece; the coating is subjected to post-heat treatment, so that the cooling speed is reduced, the thermal stress in the coating cooling process is reduced, and the coating forming quality is improved; compact structure, flexible adjustment and suitability for coating construction of different outer surfaces.
Drawings
FIG. 1 is an overall structure view of a multi-beam high-energy-beam composite processing apparatus according to the present invention;
FIG. 2 is a structural diagram of a preheating plasma torch and a post-heating plasma torch of the multi-beam high-energy-beam composite processing device according to the present invention;
fig. 3 is a schematic diagram of a laser cladding head of the multi-beam high-energy beam composite processing device according to the present invention.
Reference numerals: 1-preheating a plasma torch; 2-laser cladding head; 3-post-heat plasma torch; 4-a gripper; 5, fixing a shaft; 6-a rear gun body cooling tube; 7-a foregun body cooling tube; 8-fastening a nut; 9-tungsten polar mount; 10-tungsten electrode rod; 11-rear gun body; 12-an insulating plate; 13-a foregun body; 14-nozzle.
Detailed Description
The present invention will be described in detail with reference to the accompanying drawings and examples. It is to be understood that the described embodiments are merely exemplary of the invention, and not restrictive of the full scope of the invention. All other embodiments, which can be derived by a person skilled in the art from the embodiments given herein without making any creative effort, shall fall within the protection scope of the present invention.
In the description of the present invention, it is to be understood that the terms "upper", "lower", "top", "bottom", "inner", "outer", and the like, indicate orientations or positional relationships based on those shown in the drawings, and are used only for convenience in describing the present invention and for simplicity in description, and do not indicate or imply that the referenced devices or elements must have a particular orientation, be constructed and operated in a particular orientation, and thus, are not to be construed as limiting the present invention.
As shown in fig. 1-3, the multi-beam high-energy beam composite processing device comprises a preheating plasma torch 1, a post-heating plasma torch 3 and a laser cladding head 2, wherein the preheating plasma torch 1, the post-heating plasma torch 3 and the laser cladding head 2 are connected through a clamper 4.
Based on the embodiment, the thermal plasma torch is optimally designed, the workpiece can be preheated to reduce the temperature gradient in the cladding process, the coating is subjected to post-heat treatment to slow down the cooling speed, so that the thermal stress in the coating cooling process is reduced, and the coating forming quality can be improved.
Specifically, when the coating is prepared, the preheating plasma torch 1 is started to preheat the workpiece, so as to reduce the temperature gradient in the cladding process. And then, carrying out surface cladding on the preheated workpiece by the laser cladding head 2 to form a required coating. And starting the post-thermal plasma torch 3 to perform post-thermal treatment on the coating and slow down the cooling speed so as to reduce the thermal stress in the coating cooling process.
In order to further explain the embodiment, it should be noted that the preheating plasma torch 1 and the post-heating plasma torch 3 are arranged along the central symmetry, and have the same structural dimensions, so as to ensure the continuity of the front and back heating and the universality of the heating device, and the replacement of the subsequent maintenance is strong, fast and convenient.
In order to further explain the embodiment, it should be noted that the preheating plasma torch 1 and the post-heating plasma torch 3 are installed and positioned by the fixing shaft 5, and the positioning is fast and reliable.
To further explain the present embodiment, it should be noted that the preheating plasma torch 1 and the post-heating plasma torch 3 are each provided with a rear gun body 11, and the rear gun body 11 and the front gun body 13 are coupled and insulated by an insulating plate 12.
In order to further explain the embodiment, it should be noted that the fixed shaft 5 is coupled with a tungsten electrode holder 9, the tungsten electrode holder 9 is positioned and installed with a tungsten electrode rod 10, and the tungsten electrode holder 9 and the tungsten electrode rod 10 are detachable, so as to be convenient for detachment, replacement and maintenance.
To further explain the present embodiment, it should be noted that the front gun body 13 and the rear gun body 11 are respectively cooled by the front gun body cooling tube 7 and the rear gun body cooling tube 6, the rear gun body cooling tube 6 is connected to the tungsten electrode holder 9, and the cooling by circulation can effectively reduce the temperature of the front and rear gun bodies.
To further explain the present embodiment, it should be noted that the front gun body 13 is provided with a detachable nozzle 14, which facilitates the removal, replacement and maintenance of the nozzle 14.
In order to further explain the embodiment, it should be noted that the tungsten electrode holder 9 is mounted on the rear gun body 11 by the fastening nut 8, and the mounting is fast and convenient, and the production cost is reduced.
In summary, the multi-beam high-energy beam composite processing device reduces the temperature gradient in the cladding process by optimally designing the thermal plasma torch and preheating the workpiece, reduces the cooling speed by carrying out post heat treatment on the coating, reduces the thermal stress in the coating cooling process, improves the coating forming quality, has a compact structure and strong universality, and improves the production efficiency.
While the embodiments of the present invention have been disclosed above, it is not limited to the applications listed in the description and embodiments, but is fully applicable to various fields suitable for the present invention, and it will be apparent to those skilled in the art that various changes, modifications, substitutions and alterations can be made in the embodiments without departing from the principle and spirit of the present invention, and therefore the present invention is not limited to the specific details without departing from the general concept defined in the claims and the scope of equivalents thereof.
Claims (9)
1. A multi-beam high-energy beam composite processing device is characterized in that: the device comprises a preheating plasma torch (1), a post-heating plasma torch (3) and a laser cladding head (2), wherein the preheating plasma torch (1), the post-heating plasma torch (3) and the laser cladding head (2) are connected through a clamp holder (4).
2. Multiple beam high energy beam composite processing device according to claim 1, characterized in that: the preheating plasma torch (1) and the post-heating plasma torch (3) are symmetrically arranged along the center, and the structural sizes are consistent.
3. Multiple beam high energy beam composite processing device according to claim 1, characterized in that: the preheating plasma torch (1) and the post-heating plasma torch (3) are installed and positioned through a fixed shaft (5).
4. Multiple high-energy beam combined treatment device according to claim 2, characterized in that: the preheating plasma torch (1) and the post-heating plasma torch (3) are both provided with a rear gun body (11), and the rear gun body (11) and the front gun body (13) are connected and insulated through an insulating plate (12).
5. The multiple beam high energy beam composite processing apparatus according to claim 3, wherein: the fixed shaft (5) is connected with a tungsten electrode seat (9), a tungsten electrode rod (10) is installed on the tungsten electrode seat (9) in a positioning mode, and the tungsten electrode seat (9) and the tungsten electrode rod (10) can be detached.
6. The multiple beam high energy beam composite processing apparatus according to claim 4, wherein: the front gun body (13) and the rear gun body (11) are circularly cooled through a front gun body cooling pipe (7) and a rear gun body cooling pipe (6) respectively, and the rear gun body cooling pipe (6) is connected with a tungsten electrode base (9).
7. Multiple beam high energy beam composite processing device according to claim 6, characterized in that: the foregun body (13) is provided with a detachable nozzle (14).
8. Multiple beam high energy beam composite processing device according to claim 6, characterized in that: the tungsten electrode base (9) is installed on the rear gun body (11) through a fastening nut (8).
9. A multi-beam high-energy beam composite processing method is characterized by comprising the following steps:
s1: the preheating plasma torch (1) is started firstly, and the tungsten electrode bar (10) and the nozzle (14) generate the plasma torch to preheat a workpiece so as to reduce the temperature gradient in the cladding process.
S2: and the laser cladding head (2) carries out surface cladding on the preheated workpiece to form the required coating.
S3: the post-heat plasma torch (3) heats the coating and slows down the cooling speed so as to reduce the thermal stress in the coating cooling process.
Priority Applications (1)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| CN202011472389.1A CN112695315A (en) | 2020-12-14 | 2020-12-14 | Multi-beam high-energy beam composite processing device |
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| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| CN202011472389.1A CN112695315A (en) | 2020-12-14 | 2020-12-14 | Multi-beam high-energy beam composite processing device |
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| CN112695315A true CN112695315A (en) | 2021-04-23 |
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| CN202011472389.1A Pending CN112695315A (en) | 2020-12-14 | 2020-12-14 | Multi-beam high-energy beam composite processing device |
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Citations (4)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN103774137A (en) * | 2014-01-17 | 2014-05-07 | 中国科学院半导体研究所 | Method for performing laser cladding by using multiple lasers |
| CN106498387A (en) * | 2016-11-08 | 2017-03-15 | 暨南大学 | Laser cladding apparatus based on the pre- hot-working slow cooling power of liquid crystal modulation |
| CN208151481U (en) * | 2018-04-18 | 2018-11-27 | 西安必盛激光科技有限公司 | A kind of laser melting coating laser head, laser and cladding system |
| CN111893483A (en) * | 2020-07-31 | 2020-11-06 | 山东交通职业学院 | Plasma continuous modification cladding device and operation method |
-
2020
- 2020-12-14 CN CN202011472389.1A patent/CN112695315A/en active Pending
Patent Citations (4)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN103774137A (en) * | 2014-01-17 | 2014-05-07 | 中国科学院半导体研究所 | Method for performing laser cladding by using multiple lasers |
| CN106498387A (en) * | 2016-11-08 | 2017-03-15 | 暨南大学 | Laser cladding apparatus based on the pre- hot-working slow cooling power of liquid crystal modulation |
| CN208151481U (en) * | 2018-04-18 | 2018-11-27 | 西安必盛激光科技有限公司 | A kind of laser melting coating laser head, laser and cladding system |
| CN111893483A (en) * | 2020-07-31 | 2020-11-06 | 山东交通职业学院 | Plasma continuous modification cladding device and operation method |
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Application publication date: 20210423 |