CN112694938A - Motor oil for electric automobile and preparation method thereof - Google Patents
Motor oil for electric automobile and preparation method thereof Download PDFInfo
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- CN112694938A CN112694938A CN202011588480.XA CN202011588480A CN112694938A CN 112694938 A CN112694938 A CN 112694938A CN 202011588480 A CN202011588480 A CN 202011588480A CN 112694938 A CN112694938 A CN 112694938A
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Abstract
The invention discloses motor oil for an electric automobile, which comprises the following components in percentage by weight: 50-85% of base oil A, 15-38% of base oil B, 1-10% of base oil C, 0.05-1% of antioxidant, 0.1-3% of extreme pressure antiwear agent, 0.005-0.1% of antirust agent, 0.01-0.1% of metal deactivator, 0.05-1% of pour point depressant, 0.0005-0.005% of anti-foaming agent and 0.0005-0.005% of red dye agent; the preparation method comprises the step of stirring and mixing to obtain the finished product of the motor oil. The motor oil is prepared by adding self-made 250N cutting fraction and V base oil, preferably an antioxidant, an extreme pressure antiwear agent, an antirust agent, a metal deactivator, a pour point depressant, an antifoaming agent and a red dye agent through the synergistic effect of the components and adopting a proper preparation process technology.
Description
Technical Field
The invention relates to the technical field of lubricating oil, in particular to motor oil for an electric automobile and a preparation method thereof.
Background
The electric automobile does not produce exhaust pollution, is very beneficial to environmental protection and air cleaning, and in addition, the noise of the motor is smaller than that of the internal combustion engine. It is almost "zero pollution" to the environment of use. Compared with internal combustion engine automobiles, the electric automobile has the advantages of simple structure, less running and transmission parts, small workload of maintenance and repair, and energy efficiency superior to that of the internal combustion engine automobiles. When the alternating current induction motor is adopted, the motor does not need maintenance, and more importantly, the electric automobile is easy to operate. Electric vehicles have been rapidly developed in recent years.
The starting, accelerating and high-speed running of the electric automobile are realized by the motor. Therefore, the internal loss of the motor is also sharply increased in a large current condition during traveling, and the internal loss of the motor is almost entirely released as heat. If the motor is not cooled effectively, the internal temperature rises continuously, which leads to the efficiency of the motor being reduced, and even internal ablation or even breakdown can cause damage to the motor. Therefore, it is important to control the operating temperature (particularly, the maximum temperature) of the motor. Most electric vehicles, particularly high-power electric vehicles, generally employ oil-cooled electric motors, and the main motor controller is generally cooled in the same cooling manner as the drive motor.
The motor and the transmission of the electric automobile have high requirements on the used cooling oil. At present, no special multipurpose cooling lubricating oil for automobile motors exists in China, the currently used cooling lubricating oil is replaced by automobile transmission fluid, and the insulating property of part of electric appliances of the cooling lubricating oil cannot meet the use requirement. The market urgently needs special automobile motor multipurpose cooling motor oil. The lubricating oil has the lubricating property of the gearbox oil and has the insulating property and the cooling property of the motor oil.
Disclosure of Invention
The invention aims to provide motor oil for an electric automobile, which has good viscosity-temperature performance and low-temperature performance, good oxidation stability, corrosion resistance, stable friction durability and excellent electrical insulation, and the quality of the oil product meets the specification requirements of motor oil in a protocol standard so as to solve the technical problems in the prior art.
In order to solve the technical problems, the invention specifically provides the following technical scheme:
the motor oil for the electric automobile comprises the following components in percentage by weight:
50-85% of base oil A, 15-38% of base oil B, 1-10% of base oil C, 0.05-1% of antioxidant, 0.1-3% of extreme pressure antiwear agent, 0.005-0.1% of antirust agent, 0.01-0.1% of metal deactivator, 0.05-1% of pour point depressant, 0.0005-0.005% of anti-foaming agent and 0.0005-0.005% of red dye agent.
Further, the paint comprises the following components in percentage by weight:
55 to 80 percent of base oil A, 20 to 35 percent of base oil B, 2 to 8 percent of base oil C, 0.1 to 0.8 percent of antioxidant, 0.5 to 2 percent of extreme pressure antiwear agent, 0.01 to 0.06 percent of antirust agent, 0.03 to 0.08 percent of metal deactivator, 0.1 to 0.5 percent of pour point depressant, 0.001 to 0.003 percent of antifoaming agent and 0.001 to 0.003 percent of red dye agent.
Further, the base oil A is one or more of API III base oil No. 4, 6 and 8, the viscosity index is 125-140, the content of saturated hydrocarbon is more than 90%, and the content of sulfur is less than 0.03%.
Further, the base oil B is a fraction prepared by performing reduced pressure distillation cutting on a 250N or 350N mineral oil cutting fraction by a molecular distillation technology, the process conditions are controlled to be 220 ℃,10-5MPa, the kinematic viscosity at 40 ℃ is 35mm 2/s-50 mm2/s, and the viscosity index is greater than 140.
Further, the base oil C is one or any one of synthetic ester base oil, alkyl naphthalene base oil and silicone oil in V base oil, the synthetic ester base oil is one or more of trimethylolpropane ester, phthalate ester, neopentyl polyol ester or pentaerythritol ester, the kinematic viscosity is 19mm 2/s-23 mm2/s at 40 ℃, the viscosity index is greater than 135, and the pour point is less than or equal to-35 ℃.
In addition, the invention also provides a preparation method of the electric automobile motor oil, which comprises the following steps:
100, uniformly mixing base oil A, base oil B and base oil C to form mixed oil, heating the mixed oil to 80-105 ℃, and synchronously stirring during heating;
step 200, heating the mixed oil to 80-105 ℃, sequentially adding an antioxidant, an extreme pressure antiwear agent, an antirust agent, a metal deactivator, a pour point depressant, an antifoaming agent and a red dye agent, stirring for 1 hour, and keeping the temperature of 80-105 ℃ for warm keeping to obtain a semi-finished motor oil;
and step 300, performing vacuum filtration on the warm-cured semi-finished motor oil, and then naturally cooling to normal temperature to obtain the finished motor oil.
Compared with the prior art, the invention has the following beneficial effects:
the motor oil is prepared by blending self-made 250N cutting fraction and V base oil, preferably an antioxidant, an extreme pressure antiwear agent, an antirust agent, a metal deactivator, a pour point depressant, an antifoaming agent and a red dye by adopting a proper preparation process technology through the synergistic effect of the components.
The motor oil can meet the requirements of motor oil protocol standard specifications, has good viscosity-temperature performance and low-temperature performance, good rust resistance, wear resistance, thermal stability and excellent electrical insulation, and obtains better technical effects.
Drawings
In order to more clearly illustrate the embodiments of the present invention or the technical solutions in the prior art, the drawings used in the description of the embodiments or the prior art will be briefly described below. It should be apparent that the drawings in the following description are merely exemplary, and that other embodiments can be derived from the drawings provided by those of ordinary skill in the art without inventive effort.
FIG. 1 is a schematic flow chart of an embodiment of the present invention.
Detailed Description
The technical solutions in the embodiments of the present invention will be clearly and completely described below with reference to the drawings in the embodiments of the present invention, and it is obvious that the described embodiments are only a part of the embodiments of the present invention, and not all of the embodiments. All other embodiments, which can be derived by a person skilled in the art from the embodiments given herein without making any creative effort, shall fall within the protection scope of the present invention.
As shown in figure 1, the invention provides motor oil for an electric automobile, which comprises the following components in percentage by weight:
50-85% of base oil A, 15-38% of base oil B, 1-10% of base oil C, 0.05-1% of antioxidant, 0.1-3% of extreme pressure antiwear agent, 0.005-0.1% of antirust agent, 0.01-0.1% of metal deactivator, 0.05-1% of pour point depressant, 0.0005-0.005% of anti-foaming agent and 0.0005-0.005% of red dye agent.
In the invention, the base oil is used as a main raw material, and the base oil, the antioxidant, the extreme pressure antiwear agent, the antirust agent, the metal deactivator, the pour point depressant, the antifoaming agent and the red dye agent form the motor oil. The antioxidant is used for improving the oxidation resistance of the motor oil, and the using amount of the antioxidant is controlled within the range of 0.05-1.0%, so that the quality requirement of the specification requirement of the oil product can be met.
The extreme pressure antiwear agent makes the product have good extreme pressure and antiwear performance, and the dosage of the extreme pressure antiwear agent is controlled within the range of 0.1-5.0 percent, so that the extreme pressure antiwear performance required by the specification of the oil product can be met.
The antirust agent can form a molecular layer protective film with water molecules not easy to invade on the metal surface through the oil-soluble antirust agent, so that the possibility of oxidation rusting after water is contacted with the steel surface is avoided, the antirust requirement of the metal can be met by controlling the using amount of the antirust agent within 0.005-0.1%, and the antirust agent cannot compete for the metal surface with the extreme pressure antiwear agent, so that the extreme pressure antiwear property of an oil product cannot be influenced.
The metal deactivator can generate chemical film on the metal surface to prevent metal or metal ion from entering into oil, so as to weaken the catalytic oxidation effect on oil product, prevent the corrosion of sulfur and organic acid on the copper surface, and control the consumption within 0.01-0.1%, so as to inhibit the corrosion of active sulfur and organic acid on the copper surface, and will not compete with extreme pressure antiwear agent for the metal surface and affect the extreme pressure antiwear performance of oil product.
Pour point depressants are used to improve the low temperature fluidity of oils. The dosage is controlled within the range of 0.05 percent to 1 percent, thus meeting the requirement of low temperature performance of oil products.
The antifoaming agent only plays a role in eliminating foam in the oil product, has no synergistic effect on other properties of the oil product, and the content of the antifoaming agent only needs to play a defoaming role.
Further, the paint comprises the following components in percentage by weight:
55 to 80 percent of base oil A, 20 to 35 percent of base oil B, 2 to 8 percent of base oil C, 0.1 to 0.8 percent of antioxidant, 0.5 to 2 percent of extreme pressure antiwear agent, 0.01 to 0.06 percent of antirust agent, 0.03 to 0.08 percent of metal deactivator, 0.1 to 0.5 percent of pour point depressant, 0.001 to 0.003 percent of antifoaming agent and 0.001 to 0.003 percent of red dye agent.
The base oil A is used as a base material of the motor oil, preferably API III base oil is adopted, further preferably one or more of imported API III base oil No. 4, No. 6 and No. 8 such as ETRO4, ETRO6, Abuza 4, Abuza 6, GTL4, GTL6 and GTL8 YUBASASE 4 are adopted, the viscosity index is 125-140, the content of saturated hydrocarbon is more than 90 percent, and the content of sulfur is less than 0.03 percent. The base oil has high refining depth, excellent electrical insulating property, excellent thermal oxidation stability and thermal stability, excellent viscosity-temperature property, good additive sensitivity and the like.
The base oil B of the invention preferably adopts mineral oil 250N and 350N cutting fractions, and more preferably adopts 250N cutting fractions, the fractions are prepared from II base oil 250N, the fractions are prepared by cutting under reduced pressure distillation (the process conditions are controlled to be 220 ℃ and 10-5MPa) by a molecular distillation technology, the kinematic viscosity at 40 ℃ is controlled to be 35mm 2/s-50 mm2/s, more preferably 40mm 2/s-45 mm2/s, and the viscosity index is more than 140. Compared with the conventional base oil, the modified base oil has the advantages of excellent thermal oxidation stability and thermal stability, excellent viscosity-temperature property, low evaporation loss, good additive sensitivity and the like.
The base oil C preferably adopts V base oil such as synthetic ester base oil, alkyl naphthalene base oil, silicone oil and the like, and further preferably one or more of synthetic ester base oil trimethylolpropane ester, phthalate ester, neopentyl polyol ester or pentaerythritol ester. The kinematic viscosity at 40 ℃ is controlled to be 19mm 2/s-23 mm2/s, the viscosity index is more than 135, and the pour point is less than or equal to-35 ℃. Compared with the conventional base oil, the modified starch has the advantages of excellent thermal oxidation stability and thermal stability, good low-temperature flow property, excellent viscosity-temperature property, multiple ester-based polar molecule adsorption effect, good low-temperature start wear-resistant protection, excellent solubility and cleanness, excellent lubricity and wear resistance, excellent biodegradability and low reproducibility, good additive sensitivity and the like.
The antioxidant adopts a phenol antioxidant or an arylamine antioxidant, and is used for improving the thermal oxidation stability of the motor oil. Preferably, the antioxidant is one or more of high molecular weight phenolic antioxidants. The electric automobile driving motor generates a large amount of heat in the high-speed operation process, the antioxidant has outstanding high-temperature-resistant oxidation resistance, has a good oxidation effect on prolonging the induction period and inhibiting the later stage of oil products, can effectively control the viscosity increase and the production of sediments caused by the oxidation of the motor oil, and prolongs the service life of the motor oil. The high molecular weight phenolic antioxidants include IRGANOX L109, IRGANOX L115 IRGANOX L118, and IRGANOX L135.
The extreme pressure antiwear agent of the invention can adopt one or the mixture of more than two of sulfur-containing compound, phosphorus-containing compound, sulfur-phosphorus nitrogen compound and the like, preferably, the extreme pressure antiwear agent is selected from the sulfur-phosphorus compound and the sulfur-phosphorus nitrogen compound and is used for improving the lubricating property and reducing the friction and the wear between parts, and the extreme pressure antiwear agent containing active sulfur, phosphorus or nitrogen compound can react with the surface of metal to generate a vulcanized, phosphatized or nitrogenized metal solid protective film with low shearing strength, and separates the two metals, thereby preventing the wear and the sintering of the metal. The sulfur-phosphorus compound can be dialkyl dithiophosphate, triphenyl thiophosphate, trinonyl benzene phosphite ester, iso-cinnamyl diphenyl phosphite ester and the like; the sulfur-phosphorus-nitrogen compound can be selected from sulfur-phosphorus-containing derivatives (T305), thiophosphoric acid complex ester amine salts (T307) and the like.
The antirust agent can adopt one or a mixture of more than two of sulfonate, carboxylic acid, carboxylate and the like, and is used for preventing the motor oil system and parts from rusting. Preferably, the rust inhibitor is selected from carboxylic acids, and the carboxylic acids may preferably be dodecenylsuccinic acid (T746), linear dodecenylsuccinic acid (T746A), dodecenylsuccinic acid half-ester (T747), n-oleylsarcosine, and the like.
The metal deactivator can adopt one or a mixture of more than two of benzotriazole and derivatives thereof or thiadiazole derivatives and the like, and is used for preventing the catalytic acceleration action of metal ions on the autooxidation of lubricating oil. Among them, the benzotriazole and its derivatives may preferably be heterocyclic derivatives T552 and T553; the thiadiazole derivative can be selected from thiadiazole polysulfide T561 or 2, 5-dimercapto-1, 3, 4-thiadiazole derivative Cuvan 484 and the like.
The pour point depressant can be a polymethacrylate pour point depressant. Viscoplex 1-156 is further preferred, and the low-temperature fluidity of the oil product can be obviously improved.
The anti-foaming agent can adopt a silicon-containing anti-foaming agent or a non-silicon anti-foaming agent and the like, and is used for eliminating bubbles generated in the use process of the motor oil. Further preferably, a complex antifoaming agent T921 is used.
The red dyestuffs of the invention are preferably azo compounds coupled with amines. The red dye is added to ensure that the appearance of the oil product is obviously distinguished from the appearance of the oil product such as common engine oil and the like, so as to prevent the oil product from being mixed, and is convenient to distinguish whether the motor oil has leakage or not if the oil product leakage phenomenon occurs. The selected red dye has no influence on other performances in the oil product while increasing the color identification.
In addition, the invention also provides a preparation method of the electric automobile motor oil, which comprises the following steps:
100, uniformly mixing base oil A, base oil B and base oil C to form mixed oil, heating the mixed oil to 80-105 ℃, and synchronously stirring during heating;
step 200, heating the mixed oil to 80-105 ℃, sequentially adding an antioxidant, an extreme pressure antiwear agent, an antirust agent, a metal deactivator, a pour point depressant, an antifoaming agent and a red dye agent, stirring for 1 hour, and keeping the temperature of 80-105 ℃ for warm keeping to obtain a semi-finished motor oil;
and step 300, performing vacuum filtration on the warm-cured semi-finished motor oil, and then naturally cooling to normal temperature to obtain the finished motor oil.
Compared with the prior art, the invention has the following beneficial effects:
the motor oil is prepared by blending self-made 250N cutting fraction and V base oil, preferably an antioxidant, an extreme pressure antiwear agent, an antirust agent, a metal deactivator, a pour point depressant, an antifoaming agent and a red dye by adopting a proper preparation process technology through the synergistic effect of the components.
The motor oil can meet the requirements of motor oil protocol standard specifications, has good viscosity-temperature performance and low-temperature performance, good rust resistance, wear resistance, thermal stability and excellent electrical insulation, and obtains better technical effects.
The above embodiments are only exemplary embodiments of the present application, and are not intended to limit the present application, and the protection scope of the present application is defined by the claims. Various modifications and equivalents may be made by those skilled in the art within the spirit and scope of the present application and such modifications and equivalents should also be considered to be within the scope of the present application.
Claims (6)
1. The motor oil for the electric automobile is characterized by comprising the following components in percentage by weight:
50-85% of base oil A, 15-38% of base oil B, 1-10% of base oil C, 0.05-1% of antioxidant, 0.1-3% of extreme pressure antiwear agent, 0.005-0.1% of antirust agent, 0.01-0.1% of metal deactivator, 0.05-1% of pour point depressant, 0.0005-0.005% of anti-foaming agent and 0.0005-0.005% of red dye agent.
2. The motor oil for the electric automobile and the preparation method thereof according to claim 1 are characterized by comprising the following components in percentage by weight:
55 to 80 percent of base oil A, 20 to 35 percent of base oil B, 2 to 8 percent of base oil C, 0.1 to 0.8 percent of antioxidant, 0.5 to 2 percent of extreme pressure antiwear agent, 0.01 to 0.06 percent of antirust agent, 0.03 to 0.08 percent of metal deactivator, 0.1 to 0.5 percent of pour point depressant, 0.001 to 0.003 percent of antifoaming agent and 0.001 to 0.003 percent of red dye agent.
3. The motor oil for the electric automobile and the preparation method of the motor oil for the electric automobile according to claim 1, wherein the base oil A is one or more of APIIII base oil No. 4, No. 6 and No. 8, the viscosity index is 125-140, the content of saturated hydrocarbon is more than 90%, and the content of sulfur is less than 0.03%.
4. The motor oil as claimed in claim 1, wherein the base oil B is a fraction obtained by vacuum distillation cutting of 250N or 350N mineral oil by molecular distillation technology, and the process conditions are controlled to 220 ℃,10-5MPa, kinematic viscosity at 40 ℃ of 35mm 2/s-50 mm2/s, and viscosity index of more than 140.
5. The motor oil for the electric automobile and the preparation method thereof as claimed in claim 1, wherein the base oil C is one or more of synthetic ester base oil, alkyl naphthalene base oil and silicone oil in V base oil, the synthetic ester base oil is one or more of trimethylolpropane ester, phthalate ester, neopentyl polyol ester or pentaerythritol ester, the kinematic viscosity is 19mm 2/s-23 mm2/s at 40 ℃, the viscosity index is greater than 135, and the pour point is less than or equal to-35 ℃.
6. The preparation method of the electric automobile motor oil based on any one of claims 1 to 5 is characterized by comprising the following steps:
100, uniformly mixing base oil A, base oil B and base oil C to form mixed oil, heating the mixed oil to 80-105 ℃, and synchronously stirring during heating;
step 200, heating the mixed oil to 80-105 ℃, sequentially adding an antioxidant, an extreme pressure antiwear agent, an antirust agent, a metal deactivator, a pour point depressant, an antifoaming agent and a red dye agent, stirring for 1 hour, and keeping the temperature of 80-105 ℃ for warm keeping to obtain a semi-finished motor oil;
and step 300, performing vacuum filtration on the warm-cured semi-finished motor oil, and then naturally cooling to normal temperature to obtain the finished motor oil.
Priority Applications (1)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
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| CN202011588480.XA CN112694938A (en) | 2020-12-28 | 2020-12-28 | Motor oil for electric automobile and preparation method thereof |
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| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
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| CN202011588480.XA CN112694938A (en) | 2020-12-28 | 2020-12-28 | Motor oil for electric automobile and preparation method thereof |
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| CN112694938A true CN112694938A (en) | 2021-04-23 |
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| CN202011588480.XA Pending CN112694938A (en) | 2020-12-28 | 2020-12-28 | Motor oil for electric automobile and preparation method thereof |
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Citations (3)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
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| CN103443256A (en) * | 2011-03-29 | 2013-12-11 | 吉坤日矿日石能源株式会社 | Lubricating oil composition |
| CN107892978A (en) * | 2017-11-15 | 2018-04-10 | 茂名南油石化有限公司 | A kind of long-life energy-saving diesel engine oil composition and preparation method thereof |
| CN111073744A (en) * | 2019-12-24 | 2020-04-28 | 欧陆宝(天津)新材料科技有限公司 | Electric vehicle leakage-resistant and heat-dissipation high-temperature transmission gear oil and preparation method thereof |
-
2020
- 2020-12-28 CN CN202011588480.XA patent/CN112694938A/en active Pending
Patent Citations (3)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN103443256A (en) * | 2011-03-29 | 2013-12-11 | 吉坤日矿日石能源株式会社 | Lubricating oil composition |
| CN107892978A (en) * | 2017-11-15 | 2018-04-10 | 茂名南油石化有限公司 | A kind of long-life energy-saving diesel engine oil composition and preparation method thereof |
| CN111073744A (en) * | 2019-12-24 | 2020-04-28 | 欧陆宝(天津)新材料科技有限公司 | Electric vehicle leakage-resistant and heat-dissipation high-temperature transmission gear oil and preparation method thereof |
Non-Patent Citations (1)
| Title |
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| 张继平等: "纯电动乘用汽车传动系统润滑油的研制", 《石油炼制与化工》 * |
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