CN112694328A - Preparation method of zirconia full-ceramic tooth - Google Patents
Preparation method of zirconia full-ceramic tooth Download PDFInfo
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- CN112694328A CN112694328A CN202110066576.8A CN202110066576A CN112694328A CN 112694328 A CN112694328 A CN 112694328A CN 202110066576 A CN202110066576 A CN 202110066576A CN 112694328 A CN112694328 A CN 112694328A
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- C04B35/00—Shaped ceramic products characterised by their composition; Ceramics compositions; Processing powders of inorganic compounds preparatory to the manufacturing of ceramic products
- C04B35/01—Shaped ceramic products characterised by their composition; Ceramics compositions; Processing powders of inorganic compounds preparatory to the manufacturing of ceramic products based on oxide ceramics
- C04B35/48—Shaped ceramic products characterised by their composition; Ceramics compositions; Processing powders of inorganic compounds preparatory to the manufacturing of ceramic products based on oxide ceramics based on zirconium or hafnium oxides, zirconates, zircon or hafnates
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- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A61—MEDICAL OR VETERINARY SCIENCE; HYGIENE
- A61K—PREPARATIONS FOR MEDICAL, DENTAL OR TOILETRY PURPOSES
- A61K6/00—Preparations for dentistry
- A61K6/15—Compositions characterised by their physical properties
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- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A61—MEDICAL OR VETERINARY SCIENCE; HYGIENE
- A61K—PREPARATIONS FOR MEDICAL, DENTAL OR TOILETRY PURPOSES
- A61K6/00—Preparations for dentistry
- A61K6/80—Preparations for artificial teeth, for filling teeth or for capping teeth
- A61K6/802—Preparations for artificial teeth, for filling teeth or for capping teeth comprising ceramics
- A61K6/818—Preparations for artificial teeth, for filling teeth or for capping teeth comprising ceramics comprising zirconium oxide
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B33—ADDITIVE MANUFACTURING TECHNOLOGY
- B33Y—ADDITIVE MANUFACTURING, i.e. MANUFACTURING OF THREE-DIMENSIONAL [3-D] OBJECTS BY ADDITIVE DEPOSITION, ADDITIVE AGGLOMERATION OR ADDITIVE LAYERING, e.g. BY 3-D PRINTING, STEREOLITHOGRAPHY OR SELECTIVE LASER SINTERING
- B33Y10/00—Processes of additive manufacturing
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B33—ADDITIVE MANUFACTURING TECHNOLOGY
- B33Y—ADDITIVE MANUFACTURING, i.e. MANUFACTURING OF THREE-DIMENSIONAL [3-D] OBJECTS BY ADDITIVE DEPOSITION, ADDITIVE AGGLOMERATION OR ADDITIVE LAYERING, e.g. BY 3-D PRINTING, STEREOLITHOGRAPHY OR SELECTIVE LASER SINTERING
- B33Y70/00—Materials specially adapted for additive manufacturing
- B33Y70/10—Composites of different types of material, e.g. mixtures of ceramics and polymers or mixtures of metals and biomaterials
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- C04B35/00—Shaped ceramic products characterised by their composition; Ceramics compositions; Processing powders of inorganic compounds preparatory to the manufacturing of ceramic products
- C04B35/622—Forming processes; Processing powders of inorganic compounds preparatory to the manufacturing of ceramic products
- C04B35/626—Preparing or treating the powders individually or as batches ; preparing or treating macroscopic reinforcing agents for ceramic products, e.g. fibres; mechanical aspects section B
- C04B35/63—Preparing or treating the powders individually or as batches ; preparing or treating macroscopic reinforcing agents for ceramic products, e.g. fibres; mechanical aspects section B using additives specially adapted for forming the products, e.g.. binder binders
- C04B35/638—Removal thereof
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- C04B2235/00—Aspects relating to ceramic starting mixtures or sintered ceramic products
- C04B2235/60—Aspects relating to the preparation, properties or mechanical treatment of green bodies or pre-forms
- C04B2235/602—Making the green bodies or pre-forms by moulding
- C04B2235/6026—Computer aided shaping, e.g. rapid prototyping
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- C04B2235/00—Aspects relating to ceramic starting mixtures or sintered ceramic products
- C04B2235/65—Aspects relating to heat treatments of ceramic bodies such as green ceramics or pre-sintered ceramics, e.g. burning, sintering or melting processes
- C04B2235/656—Aspects relating to heat treatments of ceramic bodies such as green ceramics or pre-sintered ceramics, e.g. burning, sintering or melting processes characterised by specific heating conditions during heat treatment
- C04B2235/6562—Heating rate
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- C04B2235/00—Aspects relating to ceramic starting mixtures or sintered ceramic products
- C04B2235/65—Aspects relating to heat treatments of ceramic bodies such as green ceramics or pre-sintered ceramics, e.g. burning, sintering or melting processes
- C04B2235/656—Aspects relating to heat treatments of ceramic bodies such as green ceramics or pre-sintered ceramics, e.g. burning, sintering or melting processes characterised by specific heating conditions during heat treatment
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- C04B2235/00—Aspects relating to ceramic starting mixtures or sintered ceramic products
- C04B2235/65—Aspects relating to heat treatments of ceramic bodies such as green ceramics or pre-sintered ceramics, e.g. burning, sintering or melting processes
- C04B2235/66—Specific sintering techniques, e.g. centrifugal sintering
- C04B2235/661—Multi-step sintering
Abstract
The invention discloses a preparation method of zirconia full-ceramic teeth, which is characterized by comprising the steps of obtaining patient data, establishing a digital model, determining the shape of a dental crown prosthesis, typesetting, exporting STL format data, completing typesetting and customizing a support retainer through a 3D printer, spraying and forming a zirconia dental crown, performing post-treatment, pre-dyeing and drying, sintering, polishing, adjusting and glazing. The method can directly produce the repaired dental crown directly used for the human body; the 3D printing and jetting technology is adopted, so that the material utilization rate is improved; the thickness of the dental crown is small, the strength is high, and the dental crown is suitable for adults to use; the design of the soluble support material can be quickly dissolved, the removal is simple and has no residue, the limitation of removing the support by post-treatment can be broken through, and the design of any shape is realized; need not cutting and polishing, reduced the fracture risk in cost of labor and the course of working.
Description
Technical Field
The invention relates to a false tooth manufacturing technology, in particular to a preparation method of zirconia full-ceramic teeth.
Background
The full-ceramic tooth, also called full-ceramic crown, is a restoration made of ceramic material and capable of completely covering the dental crown. The zirconia material is the most commonly used repairing material in the processing of the fixed denture at present, and is mainly applied to repairing of crowns, bridges, inlays, veneers and the like. The zirconia is a biological inert ceramic, has good semi-transparent appearance, higher strength and density, no obstruction to X-rays, biocompatibility superior to that of a metal material and long service life clinically. In the existing processing method, a zirconia block is cut by adopting CAD (Computer Aided Design) and CAM (Computer Aided Manufacturing) technologies, and a blank is sintered to obtain a finished dental crown. The processing method has the advantages of low material utilization rate, complex processing procedures and manual typesetting and needle replacement during processing. The cutting process also increases the risk of fracture, and greatly reduces the processing efficiency and the yield, so a new processing method suitable for the zirconia all-ceramic crown is needed.
At present, CNC cutting technology is often adopted to process full porcelain teeth in the market. In order to ensure the strength of the finished product and reduce the risk of fracture during machining, the thickness of the crown is usually designed to be about 0.8-1mm, which results in the need for a smaller grinding of the abutment (the tooth used to install the full crown) which then grinds away the surface enamel, exposing the dentin inside. Dentin leakage is sensitive to external stimuli, and dentin hypersensitivity is caused. After long-term use, inflammation and even cyst can appear at the root tip. In addition, in order to meet the requirements of customers for crowns of different parts, technicians need to select different types and thicknesses of materials according to requirements, and a lot of time is spent on typesetting the data of the customers. Moreover, the use of zirconia to process the bridge also greatly reduces material utilization and increases the risk of fracture.
In addition, the light-cured ceramic 3D printing equipment can also be used for manufacturing zirconia crowns, but the ceramic slurry of the existing ceramic 3D printing equipment is low in solid phase content, high in material shrinkage rate, easy to pollute the material using environment, long in degreasing and sintering time and not suitable for batch production.
Disclosure of Invention
The invention aims to solve the problems and provides a preparation method of a zirconia all-ceramic tooth, which has the characteristics of smaller processing characteristics, no fracture risk, reduction of tooth preparation amount, capability of simultaneously manufacturing crowns with different thicknesses and types, forming according to needs, high material utilization rate, guarantee of the fit and the precision of the all-ceramic tooth and the like.
The technical problem of the invention is mainly solved by the following technical scheme: the preparation method of the zirconia full-ceramic tooth is characterized by comprising the following steps of:
and (I) acquiring patient data and establishing a digital model in a three-dimensional scanning mode by using an intraoral scanner or a clinically prepared impression or a plaster model. The dental crown can be adjusted to the optimal position of the jaw teeth, the most reasonable tooth preparation prototype of the patient is obtained, and the dental crown is operated conventionally and has accurate size.
And (II) determining the form of the dental crown prosthesis through computer-aided design, typesetting and exporting STL format data. And establishing and exporting a digital anatomical model through a computer, and providing data support for 3D printing.
And (III) importing the STL format data into a 3D printer to complete typesetting and customizing a support retainer, and then carrying out injection molding to manufacture the zirconia dental crown which is consistent with the design in the step (I). And the paste is sprayed to perform 3D printing and forming so as to obtain the posterior dental prosthesis with the size consistent with the original model. The customized support design can generate corresponding holders aiming at different types of dental crowns, and the structure can be used for keeping the form of the dental crowns in an all-around manner during sintering, so that the sintering deformation is reduced, the accuracy of the dental crowns is improved, and the subsequent polishing treatment is reduced.
And (IV) cleaning the zirconia dental crown and the supporting retainer, and performing post-treatment. Separate crowns and support holder trays, etc.
And (V) prestaining the zirconia crown by using a staining solution with a corresponding color number and drying. Meet the appearance requirements of different patients.
And (sixthly), sintering the dyed zirconia dental crown in a sintering furnace. And curing the full ceramic tooth to finish the manufacture of the semi-finished product.
And (seventhly), polishing and adjusting the sintered zirconia dental crown. Further improving the dimensional accuracy and the working surface quality of the full-ceramic tooth.
And (eighthly), glazing the crown part of the zirconia tooth and sintering again. The maximum sintering temperature is 950 ℃ generally, and the temperature is rapidly raised, so that the porcelain powder or glaze slip is rapidly fused on the surface of the zirconia substrate crown, the permeability, the color and the beauty of the product are enhanced, and the color and the luster of the restoration body meet the design requirements.
In the above-mentioned method for preparing zirconia full-porcelain tooth, preferably, in step (one), a tray filled with adhesive is designed to be placed in the mouth of a patient to form a negative impression of the tooth, and then filled with plaster or other materials. The viscous substance is dental impression material, is used for preparing teeth and oral soft and hard tissues, generally comprises alginates, agar, silicone rubber and the like, and different types of impression materials have respective advantages.
In the method for preparing a zirconia all-ceramic tooth, the zirconia for spraying is preferably zirconia ink slurry with a solid content of 30% to 60%. Reasonable solid content to ensure low shrinkage of the material.
In the method for preparing a zirconia all-ceramic tooth, preferably, the zirconia ink slurry for spraying is a ceramic slurry, and the ceramic slurry includes nano zirconia particles, an auxiliary solvent, and a binder. The nanometer zirconia has strong fluidity and good controllability of 3D printing.
In the method for preparing zirconia full porcelain tooth, preferably, the auxiliary solvent is a mixture of glycol ethers as a solvent, and the binder component is a lipid.
In the preparation method of the zirconia all-ceramic tooth, preferably, the spray material of the supporting holder comprises ceramic slurry and supporting slurry, wherein the supporting slurry comprises nano sodium carbonate particles, an auxiliary solvent and a dispersing agent. The formed supporting retainer can be quickly dissolved in soft water at the temperature of 20-40 ℃ to obtain the all-ceramic tooth blank.
In the preparation method of the zirconia all-ceramic tooth, preferably, in the step (VI), the sintering process of the zirconia crown is step-shaped heating and heat preservation, wherein the temperature is raised from 0 ℃ to 1450 ℃, the heating rate is 1-5 ℃, and the heat preservation is 60-240 min. In the working procedure, the temperature of 0-800 ℃ is a degreasing process, and the temperature of 800-1450 ℃ is a sintering process. In order to enhance the strength of a printing green body, a composite lipid binder is adopted, the volatilization speeds of lipids with different contents and types at different temperatures are different, the residual binder component is volatilized in the process of increasing the temperature from low to high, and all the lipid binder can be removed by step heat preservation. Through the process, the zirconia crystal above 800 ℃ begins to change from monoclinic crystal to tetragonal crystal, the porosity is reduced along with the monoclinic crystal, and the strength is improved.
In the aforementioned method for preparing zirconia full porcelain tooth, preferably, in the step (iv), when the printed product is washed, the finished printed product including the tray is placed in a soft water circulation tank at 20 to 40 ℃, and circulated at a rate of 20 to 100L per hour, so that the protective layer on the surface and the bottom is dissolved and the zirconia crown is separated from the tray.
In the preparation method of the zirconia full-ceramic tooth, the volume of the dental crown printed and formed by the ceramic slurry is reserved with a shrinkage of + 10-20%. Solves the problem that the dental crown formed by ceramic slurry shrinks after being sintered.
In the preparation method of the zirconia all-ceramic tooth, preferably, when the zirconia crown is cleaned in the step (IV), the conductivity in the water tank is measured, and the cleaning is considered to be completed when the conductivity is not changed any more; then the cleaned posterior dental prosthesis and the customized supporting holder are placed in the environment with the room temperature of 20-80 ℃ and the humidity of 0-50% for airing.
The nano-jet technology designed by the technical scheme is a 3D printing technology taking nano-ceramic powder as a raw material, can realize the wall thickness characteristic of the thinnest 0.2mm, has no fracture risk, greatly reduces the preparation of teeth (namely, the preparation of teeth, and can be conveniently worn later before the preparation of the crowns) of doctors and relieves the discomfort of patients. Different thicknesses and types of crowns can be printed simultaneously through jet printing, and the design of manufacturing any shape and structure can be carried out in a processing space of 500 × 280 × 400mm, so that the mass production is realized, the injection molding is carried out as required, and the material waste is reduced. The physician can also make the most appropriate repair design for the patient. The dust generated in the process of manufacturing the teeth can be completely recycled, and the process has no environmental pollution. Because the size of the material in the current domestic CNC cutting of zirconia is fixed, the maximum size is 98X 25mm, the type and the number of each processing are limited, and products with any size and any number can be printed in the working range of the process so as to form batch production.
Compared with the prior art, the invention has the beneficial effects that: the method can directly produce the repaired dental crown directly used for the human body; the 3D printing and jetting technology is adopted, so that waste is avoided, and the material utilization rate is greatly improved; the processing precision is high, and the product precision of 0.02mm can be realized at one time by using the nano ceramic slurry; the thickness of the dental crown is small, and various design characteristics can be realized; the density after forming can reach 99.9 percent, the strength is high, and the composite material is suitable for adults to use; the design of the soluble support material can be quickly dissolved, the removal is simple and has no residue, the limitation of post-treatment support removal is broken through, and the design of any shape is realized; need not cutting and polishing, reduced the fracture risk in cost of labor and the course of working.
Drawings
FIG. 1 is a schematic view of a process flow of the present invention.
Detailed Description
The technical scheme of the invention is further specifically described by the following embodiments and the accompanying drawings.
Referring to fig. 1, the method for preparing a zirconia all-ceramic tooth of the embodiment adopts a CAD/CAM system, and comprises the steps of preparing teeth clinically by a doctor, preparing an impression and a plaster model, establishing a digital model on a computer by using a three-dimensional scanner (or directly acquiring data by using an intra-oral scanner), and designing the shape of a dental crown by the aid of a computer. And processing the data into a finished product by a jet 3D printer, cleaning, dyeing, sintering, trying on a substitute model, adjusting, applying porcelain and glazing to finish the manufacturing. Taking the dental prosthesis as an example, the specific steps are as follows:
(one) using an intraoral scanner or a clinically prepared impression or cast, if a clinically prepared impression is to be used, a tray containing a viscous substance is designed to be placed in the patient's mouth to form a negative impression of the teeth, which is then filled with plaster or other material. Acquiring patient data in a three-dimensional scanning mode and establishing a digital model; preparing teeth according to the preparation standard of the full-porcelain dental crown, grinding the surface of the occlusal jaw (chin) by 0.4-0.8mm, making the polymerization angle of the axial wall (the included angle between the axial surface and the long axis of the tooth body) be 6-8 degrees, and making the line angle of each prepared surface be round, blunt, smooth and continuous.
(II) determining the shape of the Dental crown prosthesis through computer-aided design, typesetting, clinically preparing an impression model, turning over a plaster model, scanning the plaster model by using a 3shape scanner D710 and establishing a digital anatomical model on a computer by using a digital System of a standard software package of the plaster model; adjusting the dental crown to the optimal position of the jaw teeth, synchronously designing the upper jaw and the lower jaw, and deriving STL data.
And (III) guiding the derived repairing STL data (namely the dental crown prosthesis) into a Netfabb design platform of a Carmel 1400C jet 3D printer, completing typesetting and customizing the design of a support retainer, and then carrying out jet forming to obtain the back dental prosthesis with the size consistent with the original model. The ceramic slurry formed dental crown will shrink after sintering, thus reserving a shrinkage of + 10-20%; the average individual crown processing time was 5 min. The zirconia for spraying is zirconia ink slurry with solid phase content of 30-60%, namely ceramic slurry, and the ceramic slurry comprises nano zirconia particles, an auxiliary solvent and an adhesive.
The customized support holder spray consists of ceramic slurry and support slurry, and the holder is used for supporting the dental crown during the spraying process. After cleaning, the support material area of the retainer is completely dissolved, so that the retainer is separated from the dental crown, and after cleaning, only the retainer made of the ceramic material is left for supporting the dental crown during sintering, so that deformation is reduced. The supporting slurry comprises nano sodium carbonate particles, an auxiliary solvent and a dispersing agent.
In the process, an automatic circulation system is arranged in the spraying process to prevent the particles from precipitating. When the customization supports the holder, utilize 3D to print self-adaptation generation algorithm, to the corresponding holder of the dental crown generation of different grade type, compare the zirconium pearl, this scheme can more comprehensively keep the dental crown form when the sintering, reduces sintering deformation, improves the dental crown precision, reduces aftertreatment.
And (IV) cleaning the zirconia dental crown and the supporting retainer, and performing post-treatment. The finished post-dental prosthesis including the printed tray is placed in a soft water circulation box at the temperature of 20-40 ℃, and is circulated at the speed of 20-100L per hour to dissolve the protective layers on the surface and the bottom, so that the post-dental prosthesis is separated from the tray including the supporting and holding frame. The process requires measuring the conductivity in the tank and when the conductivity no longer changes it is considered that the cleaning is complete. Then, the cleaned posterior dental prosthesis and the customized supporting holder are placed in the environment with the room temperature of 20-80 ℃ and the humidity of 0-50% for airing.
And (V) selecting a customized 32-color staining solution according to the requirements of doctors to perform soaking staining, wherein the staining time is 0-5 min. And after dyeing, drying the posterior dental prosthesis under an infrared lamp for 0-60 min.
And (VI) sintering the dyed zirconia dental crown in a sintering furnace, wherein the sintering process is a step-shaped temperature rise and preservation process: heating the zirconia dental crown from 0 ℃ to 250 ℃, wherein the heating rate is 1-4 ℃, and keeping the temperature for 120 min; heating from 250 deg.C to 350 deg.C at a heating rate of 1-4 deg.C, and maintaining for 180 min; heating from 350 deg.C to 450 deg.C at a heating rate of 1-4 deg.C, and maintaining for 180 min; heating from 450 deg.C to 800 deg.C at a heating rate of 1-3 deg.C, and maintaining for 60 min; heating from 800 deg.C to 1450 deg.C at a heating rate of 1-3 deg.C, and maintaining for 240 min.
And (seventhly), grinding and adjusting the sintered zirconia dental crown: grinding and adjusting the sintered zirconia prosthesis, sintering the ceramic powder, and polishing and repairing the prosthesis according to the occlusion degree of the model.
And (eighthly), glazing the zirconia dental crown part by using colored glaze or glaze paste to ensure that the color and the luster of the restoration body meet the requirements, finishing the manufacture, and sintering again.
The above embodiments are illustrative of the present invention, and are not intended to limit the present invention, and it is obvious that those skilled in the art can make various modifications and simple reasoning on the embodiments without departing from the spirit and scope of the embodiments of the present invention, and any simple modified processes, methods, etc. of the present invention belong to the protection scope of the present invention.
Claims (10)
1. The preparation method of the zirconia full-ceramic tooth is characterized by comprising the following steps of:
firstly, an intra-oral scanner or a clinical preparation impression or a plaster model is used, patient data are obtained in a three-dimensional scanning mode, and a digital model is built;
(II) determining the shape of the dental crown prosthesis through computer-aided design, typesetting and exporting STL format data;
thirdly, importing the STL format data into a 3D printer to complete typesetting and customizing a support retainer, and then performing injection molding to manufacture a zirconia crown which is consistent with the design in the first step;
fourthly, cleaning the zirconia crown and the supporting retainer, and carrying out post-treatment;
fifthly, pre-dyeing the zirconia crown by using dyeing liquid corresponding to the color number and drying;
sixthly, sintering the dyed zirconia dental crown in a sintering furnace;
polishing and adjusting the sintered zirconia dental crown;
and (eighthly), glazing the crown part of the zirconia tooth and sintering again.
2. The method for preparing zirconia full-porcelain tooth according to claim 1, wherein in the step (one), a tray filled with adhesive is designed to be put into the mouth of the patient to form a negative impression of the teeth, and then filled with plaster or other materials.
3. The method for preparing zirconia full porcelain tooth according to claim 1, wherein the zirconia for spraying is zirconia ink slurry with solid content of 30% -60%.
4. The method for preparing zirconia full-ceramic tooth according to claim 3, wherein the zirconia ink slurry for spraying is ceramic slurry, and the ceramic slurry comprises nano zirconia particles, an auxiliary solvent and a binder.
5. The method for preparing zirconia full porcelain tooth according to claim 4, wherein the auxiliary solvent is a mixture of glycol ethers; the binder is a lipid.
6. The method for preparing zirconia full porcelain tooth according to claim 1, wherein the gunning material of the supporting holder comprises ceramic slurry and supporting slurry, wherein the supporting slurry comprises nano sodium carbonate particles, auxiliary solvent and dispersing agent.
7. The method for preparing zirconia full porcelain tooth according to claim 1, wherein in the sixth step, the zirconia crown sintering process is a step-shaped temperature rise and preservation, wherein the temperature rise is from 0 ℃ to 1450 ℃, the temperature rise rate is 1-5 ℃, and the temperature preservation is 60-240 min.
8. The method for preparing zirconia full ceramic tooth according to claim 1, wherein in the step (IV), when the printed product is washed, the finished printed body including the tray is placed in a soft water circulation tank at 20-40 ℃ together, and circulated at a speed of 20-100L/hr to dissolve the protective layer on the surface and bottom, so that the zirconia crown is separated from the tray.
9. The method for preparing a zirconia all-ceramic tooth according to claim 1, wherein the ceramic slurry is printed to form a crown with a reserved volume of + 10-20% shrinkage.
10. The method for preparing zirconia full porcelain tooth according to claim 1, wherein the conductivity in the water tank is measured when the zirconia crown is cleaned in the step (IV), and the cleaning is considered to be completed when the conductivity is not changed any more; then the cleaned posterior dental prosthesis and the customized supporting holder are placed in the environment with the room temperature of 20-80 ℃ and the humidity of 0-50% for airing.
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Cited By (3)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN113061028A (en) * | 2021-05-15 | 2021-07-02 | 江苏京科智镕新材料科技有限公司 | Preparation method of 3Y-TZP ceramic paste and preparation process of full-mouth planting and fixing prosthesis |
| CN113288481A (en) * | 2021-06-16 | 2021-08-24 | 杭州泰利斯医疗科技股份有限公司 | Chair-side digital additive nano zirconia all-ceramic crown and production method thereof |
| CN114305761A (en) * | 2022-01-07 | 2022-04-12 | 上海艺尚义齿技术有限公司 | Preparation method of diamond-inlaid zirconium oxide full-porcelain tooth |
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