CN112694317A - Formula of wear-resistant ceramic and preparation method of ceramic product - Google Patents
Formula of wear-resistant ceramic and preparation method of ceramic product Download PDFInfo
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- 239000000919 ceramic Substances 0.000 title claims abstract description 76
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- KZHJGOXRZJKJNY-UHFFFAOYSA-N dioxosilane;oxo(oxoalumanyloxy)alumane Chemical compound O=[Si]=O.O=[Si]=O.O=[Al]O[Al]=O.O=[Al]O[Al]=O.O=[Al]O[Al]=O KZHJGOXRZJKJNY-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims abstract description 12
- FPAFDBFIGPHWGO-UHFFFAOYSA-N dioxosilane;oxomagnesium;hydrate Chemical compound O.[Mg]=O.[Mg]=O.[Mg]=O.O=[Si]=O.O=[Si]=O.O=[Si]=O.O=[Si]=O FPAFDBFIGPHWGO-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims abstract description 12
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- HQVNEWCFYHHQES-UHFFFAOYSA-N silicon nitride Chemical compound N12[Si]34N5[Si]62N3[Si]51N64 HQVNEWCFYHHQES-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims abstract description 12
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- AYJRCSIUFZENHW-DEQYMQKBSA-L barium(2+);oxomethanediolate Chemical compound [Ba+2].[O-][14C]([O-])=O AYJRCSIUFZENHW-DEQYMQKBSA-L 0.000 abstract description 9
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Abstract
The invention provides a wear-resistant ceramic formula which comprises the following components in percentage by mass: 20-30 parts of calcined alumina, 5-10 parts of barium carbonate, 5-10 parts of mullite, 5-10 parts of talcum powder, 13-15 parts of magnesium oxide, 5-10 parts of zirconia, 70-80 parts of kaolin, 10-15 parts of quartz, 2-3 parts of silicon nitride, 1-2 parts of silicon carbide, 10-15 parts of limestone, 1-2 parts of hydroxymethyl cellulose and 1-2 parts of bentonite. According to the invention, the preparation method of the ceramic formula is improved by optimizing the proportion of the ceramic formula, so that the wear resistance of the ceramic product is effectively improved, and the overall hardness of the ceramic is integrally improved.
Description
Technical Field
The invention belongs to the field of ceramic production, and particularly relates to a wear-resistant ceramic formula and a preparation method of a ceramic product.
Background
Ceramics are a generic term for ceramics and porcelain. The ceramic is a material and various products prepared by crushing, mixing, molding and calcining clay serving as a main raw material and various natural minerals. People make pottery clay into a ceramic which is a product fired at high temperature in a special kiln. The traditional concept of ceramics refers to all artificial industrial products which take inorganic nonmetallic minerals such as clay and the like as raw materials.
At present, with the wider application range of ceramics, various properties of ceramics are more and more concerned by various industries, and particularly, the wear resistance of the ceramics can reach a better index, but because the wear resistance of the product is often closely related to the strength, wear resistance, toughness, material components and microstructure of the material forming the ceramics, the method for preparing the product and the method for preparing the product by grasping the formula materials are very important.
Disclosure of Invention
The invention aims to provide a wear-resistant ceramic formula and a preparation method of a ceramic product, which are used for solving the technical problems:
to achieve the above technical object, the following technical solutions are now provided:
a wear-resistant ceramic formula comprises the following components in percentage by mass: 20-30 parts of calcined alumina, 5-10 parts of barium carbonate, 5-10 parts of mullite, 5-10 parts of talcum powder, 13-15 parts of magnesium oxide, 5-10 parts of zirconia, 70-80 parts of kaolin, 10-15 parts of quartz, 2-3 parts of silicon nitride, 1-2 parts of silicon carbide, 10-15 parts of limestone, 1-2 parts of hydroxymethyl cellulose and 1-2 parts of bentonite.
As a further scheme of the invention, the formula of the wear-resistant ceramic comprises the following components in percentage by mass: 20 parts of calcined alumina, 6 parts of barium carbonate, 6 parts of mullite, 7 parts of talcum powder, 14 parts of magnesium oxide, 6 parts of zirconia, 73 parts of kaolin, 11 parts of quartz, 2 parts of silicon nitride, 1 part of silicon carbide, 10 parts of limestone, 1 part of hydroxymethyl cellulose and 1 part of bentonite.
As a further aspect of the present invention, the preparation method of the wear-resistant ceramic product comprises the following steps:
(1) preparing ingredients: the required quality of each raw material is calculated according to the formula and the required quantity for production.
(2) Mixing raw materials: 20 parts of dried alumina, 6 parts of barium carbonate, 6 parts of mullite, 7 parts of talcum powder, 14 parts of magnesium oxide, 6 parts of zirconia, 73 parts of kaolin, 11 parts of quartz, 2 parts of silicon nitride, 1 part of silicon carbide, 10 parts of limestone, 1 part of hydroxymethyl cellulose and 1 part of bentonite, and are fully mixed according to the formula proportion.
(3) Drying raw materials: the raw materials of the formula are dried for the first time by a dryer.
(4) Grinding the raw materials of the formula for the first time: the dried raw materials are ground, usually by a vibration ball mill.
(5) Pre-burning: and pre-burning the well-mixed, ground and crushed formula raw materials.
(6) Crushing and forming: and (4) crushing and molding the pre-sintered material to prepare a specific blank.
(7) Plastic discharging: removing water and adhesive from the formed blank.
(8) And (3) high-temperature sintering: and sintering the pre-sintered and molded blank at high temperature.
(9) Surface treatment: and polishing the blank subjected to high-temperature sintering by using a vibration polishing machine.
(10) Secondary drying: and (5) washing with water, and drying for the second time.
(11) Carrying out post-treatment on the product: and polarizing and magnetizing the product after secondary drying.
As a further aspect of the present invention, in the method for preparing a wear-resistant ceramic product, the grinding speed of the vibration grinding machine is 30 revolutions per minute, and the grinding time is 24 hours.
As a further scheme of the invention, in the preparation method of the wear-resistant ceramic product, the drying temperature of the raw materials is 200 ℃.
As a further scheme of the invention, the preparation method of the wear-resistant ceramic product has the high-temperature sintering temperature of 1500-1780 ℃.
As a further aspect of the present invention, in the method for preparing a wear-resistant ceramic product, the polishing is performed by a vibratory polisher, and the polishing time is 2 hours.
As a further scheme of the invention, the preparation method of the wear-resistant ceramic product comprises the steps that the vibration ball mill comprises a frame, a vibration exciter, a milling tank and a feeding hole; the machine frame is provided with a grinding tank, the grinding tank is provided with a vibration exciter, and the feed inlet is positioned on one side of the grinding tank.
As a further scheme of the invention, the preparation method of the wear-resistant ceramic product comprises the steps that the vibration polishing machine comprises a vibration seat, a vibration motor, a plurality of groups of vibration springs and a vibration box, the bottom of the vibration motor is fixed in the center of the top of the vibration seat, the output end of the top of the vibration motor is connected with the center of the bottom of the vibration box, the tops of the plurality of groups of vibration springs are connected with the bottom of the vibration box, and the bottoms of the plurality of groups of vibration springs are connected with the vibration seat.
As a further scheme of the invention, the preparation method of the wear-resistant ceramic product is characterized in that the dryer comprises a base, a cylinder, a rolling ring, a kiln hood and a burner, wherein the cylinder is connected with the base through the rolling ring, the kiln hood is arranged at two ends of the cylinder, and the burner is arranged at one end of the kiln hood.
Compared with the prior art, the invention has the beneficial effects that:
according to the invention, the preparation method of the ceramic formula is improved by optimizing the proportion of the ceramic formula, so that the wear resistance of the ceramic product is effectively improved, and the overall hardness of the ceramic is integrally improved.
Drawings
FIG. 1 is a schematic view of the process for preparing a ceramic product;
FIG. 2 is a schematic view of a vibratory ball mill;
FIG. 3 is a schematic view of a vibratory finishing machine;
FIG. 4 is a schematic view of a dryer;
fig. 5 is a diagram of a protection circuit in the process of manufacturing a ceramic product.
Reference numerals: 1. a feed inlet; 2. a vibration exciter; 3. grinding a tank; 4. a frame; 5. a vibration seat; 6. a vibration motor; 7. a plurality of sets of vibration springs; 8. a rotating shaft; 9. a rotating box; 10. the opening can be closed; 11. a kiln hood; 11.1. a kiln head cover; 11.2. a kiln tail cover; 12. rolling a ring; 13. a base; 14. fire holes; 15. a burner; 16. a vibration box; 17. and (4) a cylinder body.
Detailed Description
The technical solutions in the embodiments of the present invention will be described clearly and completely with reference to the accompanying drawings in the embodiments of the present invention, and it is obvious that the described embodiments are only a part of the embodiments of the present invention, and not all of the embodiments. All other embodiments, which can be obtained by a person skilled in the art without any inventive step based on the embodiments of the present invention, are within the scope of the present invention.
The embodiment of the invention provides a wear-resistant ceramic formula which comprises the following components in percentage by mass: 20-30 parts of calcined alumina, 5-10 parts of barium carbonate, 5-10 parts of mullite, 5-10 parts of talcum powder, 13-15 parts of magnesium oxide, 5-10 parts of zirconia, 70-80 parts of kaolin, 10-15 parts of quartz, 2-3 parts of silicon nitride, 1-2 parts of silicon carbide, 10-15 parts of limestone, 1-2 parts of hydroxymethyl cellulose and 1-2 parts of bentonite.
The first embodiment is as follows:
the embodiment of the invention provides another wear-resistant ceramic formula, which comprises the following components in percentage by mass: 20 parts of calcined alumina, 6 parts of barium carbonate, 6 parts of mullite, 7 parts of talcum powder, 14 parts of magnesium oxide, 6 parts of zirconia, 73 parts of kaolin, 11 parts of quartz, 2 parts of silicon nitride, 1 part of silicon carbide, 10 parts of limestone, 1 part of hydroxymethyl cellulose and 1 part of bentonite.
The embodiment of the invention provides another preparation method of a wear-resistant ceramic product, which comprises the following steps:
(1) preparing ingredients: the required quality of each raw material is calculated according to the formula and the required quantity for production, each raw material is weighed by balance, the particle size of the raw material is small as much as possible in order to ensure that the subsequent chemical reaction is smoothly carried out, and the purity is required to be higher. For the most used raw materials in the formulation, it is desirable to first clarify the harmful impurities therein.
(2) Mixing raw materials: 20 parts of dried alumina, 6 parts of barium carbonate, 6 parts of mullite, 7 parts of talcum powder, 14 parts of magnesium oxide, 6 parts of zirconia, 73 parts of kaolin, 11 parts of quartz, 2 parts of silicon nitride, 1 part of silicon carbide, 10 parts of limestone, 1 part of hydroxymethyl cellulose and 1 part of bentonite, and are fully mixed according to the formula proportion. Specifically, the raw materials of each formula are weighed by using a balance.
(3) Drying raw materials: the raw materials of the formula are dried for the first time by a dryer. And drying the ground formula raw materials by using a dryer.
(4) Grinding the raw materials of the formula for the first time: the dried raw materials are ground, usually by a vibration ball mill. Specifically, it is preferable that the balls used are mostly agate balls, and the raw material particles can be further pulverized while mixing them by ball milling. As long as the ball milling is carried out for a sufficient time, the raw materials of the components can be uniformly mixed and contact with each other to the maximum extent, which is beneficial to the following chemical reaction.
(5) Pre-burning: and pre-burning the well-mixed, ground and crushed formula raw materials. The mixed formula raw materials are presintered, so that chemical reactions are carried out among the components to generate target compounds, different chemical reactions have different conditions including temperature, pressure, atmosphere and the like, if the conditions cannot be known, the presintering conditions are determined by a series of analysis means, and whether a specific chemical reaction is carried out or not can be judged by using a differential thermal analysis method and a thermogravimetric analysis method.
(6) Crushing and forming: and (4) crushing and molding the pre-sintered material to prepare a specific blank. The forming can adopt modes of mould pressing, film rolling and the like according to different requirements. For ease of molding, a magic seed binder is typically added to the comminuted material prior to molding. The formula and the weight ratio of the common adhesive are as follows: 15% of polyvinyl alcohol, 7% of glycerol, 3% of alcohol and 75% of distilled water; stirring at 90 deg.C to melt. For die pressing, the binder is typically 5% by weight of the powder, and for film rolling, the binder is 15% to 20% by weight of the powder.
(7) Plastic discharging: removing water and adhesive from the formed blank. Specifically, the plastic removal is generally performed by a heating method, because the polyvinyl alcohol in the adhesive has the highest glow temperature (200 ℃ to 500 ℃) and the polyvinyl alcohol needs to reach a proper plastic removal temperature and be kept for a period of time in order to completely remove the plastic. In addition, the speed is preferably not too fast in the rising and falling temperature of the discharged plastics, and is generally less than 100 ℃ per hour.
(8) And (3) high-temperature sintering: and sintering the pre-sintered and molded blank at high temperature. The process is a process of forming and expanding a crystal structure, which can also be called as a crystallization process, a plurality of fine crystal grains exist in a blank formed by crushing after pre-burning, and the crystallization process of the material is realized through the diffusion movement of atoms at a certain high temperature.
(9) Surface treatment: and polishing the blank subjected to high-temperature sintering by using a vibration polishing machine. And (5) performing polishing operation by using a vibration polishing machine.
(10) Secondary drying: and (5) washing with water, and drying for the second time.
(11) Carrying out post-treatment on the product: and polarizing and magnetizing the product after secondary drying. The polarization and magnetization treatment of the fired ceramic is a necessary one-step treatment process, and aims to arrange some properties of each crystal grain in the same direction as much as possible so as to enable the overall properties to be in a stronger state.
The embodiment of the invention provides another preparation method of a wear-resistant ceramic product, wherein the grinding speed of a vibration grinding machine is 30 revolutions per minute, and the grinding time is 24 hours.
The embodiment of the invention provides another preparation method of a wear-resistant ceramic product, wherein the drying temperature of the raw materials is 200 ℃.
The embodiment of the invention provides another preparation method of a wear-resistant ceramic product, and the high-temperature sintering temperature is 1500-1780 ℃.
The embodiment of the invention provides another preparation method of a wear-resistant ceramic product, wherein polishing is carried out by a vibration polishing machine, and the polishing time is 2 hours.
Example two:
the embodiment of the invention provides another wear-resistant ceramic formula, which comprises the following components in percentage by mass: 25 parts of calcined alumina, 8 parts of barium carbonate, 8 parts of mullite, 8 parts of talcum powder, 15 parts of magnesium oxide, 7 parts of zirconia, 75 parts of kaolin, 13 parts of quartz, 3 parts of silicon nitride, 2 parts of silicon carbide, 12 parts of limestone, 2 parts of hydroxymethyl cellulose and 2 parts of bentonite.
The embodiment of the invention provides another preparation method of a wear-resistant ceramic product, which comprises the following steps:
(1) preparing ingredients: the required quality of each raw material is calculated according to the formula and the required quantity for production, each raw material is weighed by balance, the particle size of the raw material is small as much as possible in order to ensure that the subsequent chemical reaction is smoothly carried out, and the purity is required to be higher. For the most used raw materials in the formulation, it is desirable to first clarify the harmful impurities therein.
(2) Mixing raw materials: 25 parts of dried alumina, 8 parts of barium carbonate, 8 parts of mullite, 8 parts of talcum powder, 15 parts of magnesium oxide, 7 parts of zirconia, 75 parts of kaolin, 13 parts of quartz, 3 parts of silicon nitride, 2 parts of silicon carbide, 12 parts of limestone, 2 parts of hydroxymethyl cellulose and 2 parts of bentonite, and fully mixing according to the formula proportion. Specifically, the raw materials of each formula are weighed by using a balance.
(3) Drying raw materials: the raw materials of the formula are dried for the first time by a dryer. And drying the ground formula raw materials by using a dryer.
(4) Grinding the raw materials of the formula for the first time: the dried raw materials are ground, usually by a vibration ball mill. Specifically, it is preferable that the balls used are mostly agate balls, and the raw material particles can be further pulverized while mixing them by ball milling. As long as the ball milling is carried out for a sufficient time, the raw materials of the components can be uniformly mixed and contact with each other to the maximum extent, which is beneficial to the following chemical reaction.
(5) Pre-burning: and pre-burning the well-mixed, ground and crushed formula raw materials. The mixed formula raw materials are presintered, so that chemical reactions are carried out among the components to generate target compounds, different chemical reactions have different conditions including temperature, pressure, atmosphere and the like, if the conditions cannot be known, the presintering conditions are determined by a series of analysis means, and whether a specific chemical reaction is carried out or not can be judged by using a differential thermal analysis method and a thermogravimetric analysis method.
(6) Crushing and forming: and (4) crushing and molding the pre-sintered material to prepare a specific blank. The forming can adopt modes of mould pressing, film rolling and the like according to different requirements. For ease of molding, a magic seed binder is typically added to the comminuted material prior to molding. The formula and the weight ratio of the common adhesive are as follows: 15% of polyvinyl alcohol, 7% of glycerol, 3% of alcohol and 75% of distilled water; stirring at 90 deg.C to melt. For die pressing, the binder is typically 5% by weight of the powder, and for film rolling, the binder is 15% to 20% by weight of the powder.
(7) Plastic discharging: removing water and adhesive from the formed blank. Specifically, the plastic removal is generally performed by a heating method, because the polyvinyl alcohol in the adhesive has the highest glow temperature (200 ℃ to 500 ℃) and the polyvinyl alcohol needs to reach a proper plastic removal temperature and be kept for a period of time in order to completely remove the plastic. In addition, the speed is preferably not too fast in the rising and falling temperature of the discharged plastics, and is generally less than 100 ℃ per hour.
(8) And (3) high-temperature sintering: and sintering the pre-sintered and molded blank at high temperature. The process is a process of forming and expanding a crystal structure, which can also be called as a crystallization process, a plurality of fine crystal grains exist in a blank formed by crushing after pre-burning, and the crystallization process of the material is realized through the diffusion movement of atoms at a certain high temperature.
(9) Surface treatment: and polishing the blank subjected to high-temperature sintering by using a vibration polishing machine. And (5) performing polishing operation by using a vibration polishing machine.
(10) Secondary drying: and (5) washing with water, and drying for the second time.
(11) Carrying out post-treatment on the product: and polarizing and magnetizing the product after secondary drying. The polarization and magnetization treatment of the fired ceramic is a necessary one-step treatment process, and aims to arrange some properties of each crystal grain in the same direction as much as possible so as to enable the overall properties to be in a stronger state.
The embodiment of the invention provides another preparation method of a wear-resistant ceramic product, wherein the grinding speed of a vibration grinding machine is 30 revolutions per minute, and the grinding time is 24 hours.
The embodiment of the invention provides another preparation method of a wear-resistant ceramic product, wherein the drying temperature of the raw materials is 200 ℃.
The embodiment of the invention provides another preparation method of a wear-resistant ceramic product, and the high-temperature sintering temperature is 1500-1780 ℃.
The embodiment of the invention provides another preparation method of a wear-resistant ceramic product, wherein polishing is carried out by a vibration polishing machine, and the polishing time is 2 hours.
The embodiment of the invention also provides a wear-resistant ceramic formula and a detection method of a ceramic product, which comprises the following steps:
(1) sampling of raw materials: taking and mixing the raw materials to be used as sampling raw materials;
(2) detecting the sampled raw materials;
a, detecting water content: putting 100g of the taken raw materials into a container, putting the container into a constant-temperature drying oven at 200 ℃, drying, taking out the container, cooling to room temperature to weigh the weight w of the container until no water vapor is detected by a glass sheet, weighing the weight w with the moisture of 100g-w, and recording the moisture content of the raw materials;
(3) weighing: weighing the taken formula raw materials for the first time;
(4) and (3) wear resistance test: 4 kilograms of sand blasting machine is used for blasting for 60 minutes under the pressure of each cubic centimeter and at the distance of 50 millimeters and the blasting angle of 45 degrees;
(5) and (3) secondary weighing: the weights of the two were compared before and after the measurement, and the degree of wear was calculated.
(6) And (6) detecting the hardness. The hardness can be measured in the manner prescribed by the standard of GBT 16534.
The embodiment of the invention provides another preparation method of a wear-resistant ceramic product, wherein a vibrating ball mill comprises a rack 4, a vibration exciter 2, a milling tank 3 and a feeding hole 1, the milling tank 3 is arranged on the rack 4, the vibration exciter 2 is arranged on the milling tank 3, and the feeding hole 1 is positioned on one side of the upper end of the milling tank 3. Specifically, during the formula raw materials entered into grinding jar 3 from feed inlet 1, electrical system can control vibration exciter 2, vibration exciter 2 starts, grind the effect of the grinding medium in grinding jar 3 of formula raw materials in jar 3 and grind down, after grinding, cooling system in the vibration ball mill can start, because the formula raw materials can produce certain heat through violent stirring grinding, can exert an influence to the batching performance, cooling system will start cooling function, guarantee that the formula raw materials is after grinding, great change can not take place for the performance. The working principle of the vibration ball mill is that high-frequency circular vibration generated by a vibration exciter generates high-intensity rotary impact motion combined by high-speed rotation and low-speed revolution, and the composite motion forms powerful impact crushing and grinding effects on materials.
The embodiment of the invention provides another preparation method of a wear-resistant ceramic product, and the vibration polishing machine comprises a vibration seat 5, a vibration motor 6, a plurality of groups of vibration springs 7 and a vibration box 16, wherein the bottom of the vibration motor 6 is fixed at the center of the top of the vibration seat 5, the output end of the top of the vibration motor 6 is connected with the center of the bottom of the vibration box 16, the tops of the plurality of groups of vibration springs 7 are connected with the bottom of the vibration box 16, and the bottoms of the plurality of groups of vibration springs 7 are connected with the vibration seat 5. Specifically, the granule after the grinding of process vibration ball mill, in throwing into vibration box 16 in the vibratory finishing machine, there is a rotation case 9 in the vibration box 16, it passes through axis of rotation 8 on vibrating motor 6 to rotate case 9, there is the one deck polishing paper on the rotation case 9 wall, and simultaneously, 16 tops of vibration box and rotation case 9 tops are provided with an opening, the prescription raw materials after supplying to grind get into, under vibrating motor 6's effect, axis of rotation 8 drives and rotates case 9 motion, the prescription raw materials in the rotation case 9 can be in rotating the polishing of case 9 through polishing paper, accomplish polishing process. The invention polishes burrs, scratches, irregular shapes and the like on the surface of the ground ceramic formula particles, so that the ceramic formula particles have certain gloss, the bonding performance of the ceramic formula particles is improved, and the instability of the structure of a ceramic product caused by the formation of gaps on the surface of the ceramic product in the formation of the ceramic product is prevented.
The embodiment of the invention provides another preparation method of a wear-resistant ceramic product, the dryer comprises a base 13, a cylinder 17, a rolling ring 12, a kiln hood 11 and a burner 15, the cylinder 17 is connected with the base 13 through the rolling ring 12, the kiln hood 11 is arranged at two ends of the cylinder 17, and the burner 15 is arranged at one end of the kiln hood 11. Specifically, the cylinder 17 is formed by rolling and welding steel plates, and because the temperature in the kiln is very high, in order to avoid ablation of the cylinder 17 and reduce heat dissipation loss, a refractory material such as a kiln liner is arranged in the cylinder 17, and the thickness and the used refractory material of the refractory material are different along with the diameter of the cylinder 17 and the temperature of the part where the cylinder is located. The weight of the rotary part of the dryer is transmitted to the base 13 through the rolling ring 12, so that the rigidity of the cylinder 17 can be improved, and the radial deformation of the cylinder 17 can be reduced. Kiln hood 11 divide into kiln hood cover 11.1 and kiln tail cover 11.2, and kiln hood cover 11.1 is the midbody of connecting kiln head end and cooler, and combustor 15 and the required air of burning are covered into the kiln through the kiln hood, and kiln hood covers and is provided with fire hole 14 and access door, also by refractory material in the kiln hood cover, and the effect of kiln hood cover lies in preventing that cold air from entering the kiln in, also avoids simultaneously going out the kiln to fire when the malleation appears again. The kiln tail cover 11.2 is an intermediate body for connecting the kiln tail with material pretreatment and flue gas treatment equipment, flue gas enters a flue and a dust collection system through the kiln tail cover, and a refractory material and a heat insulation material are also arranged in the kiln tail cover 11.2, and the kiln tail cover has the function of preventing cold air from entering or materials from leaking. The burners are mostly inserted at the kiln head end and heat the material to the required temperature by flame radiation. The working principle of the invention is that the drying effect is achieved by introducing heated gas into the container, and the drying effect is mainly to dry the grinded particles of the ceramic formula raw materials and the ceramic product, so as to prevent the influence of excessive moisture on the adhesive property of the ceramic formula and the whole stability of the ceramic product.
As shown in fig. 5, a circuit protection diagram for a dryer, a vibration ball mill and a vibration polisher used in a ceramic preparation process is provided, which includes switches Q1 and Q2, resistors R1, R2, R3, R4, R5, R6, R7, R8, R9 and R10, Vm, Vu, VCC, UV, OV, GATE, SS, FB and TRM are pin terminals respectively, GND is a ground line, R11 is a protection resistor between SS and Vu, specifically, a pin terminal Vm is connected to a ground line (GND) through D1, a resistor R1 is connected in series to a pin terminal VCC, D2 is connected to a capacitor C2, one end of the parallel connection of the pin terminal VCC is connected to the ground line (neutral line GND), the other end of the parallel connection of the resistors R6, R7 and R8 is connected to Vm, the other end of the parallel connection of the ground line is connected to the ground line, one end of the parallel connection of the resistor R2, one end of the parallel connection of the pin terminal R6356 is connected to the neutral line terminal VCC, the other end of the serial connection of the capacitor R8653, one end of the parallel connection of the pin terminal is connected to the ground line (neutral line, switches Q1, Q2 and resistors R3, R4 are connected in parallel to a capacitor C1, the other end of the capacitor is connected in parallel to a pin terminal GATE, an optional sensing resistor R11 is arranged between a pin terminal SS and a pin Vu, the pin Vu and the resistor R9 are connected in series to the pin terminal FB, the pin terminal FB is further connected to a ground GND through a resistor R10, one end of a pin terminal TRM for charging is also connected to the ground GND, the circuit is further provided with a ground terminal GND and the ground line GND, pins GND, VCC, UV, OV, GATE, TRM, FB and SS are arranged in the same circuit protection terminal, specifically, the pins VCC, UV and OV can bear a direct-current voltage exceeding a high voltage, and a current path through a body diode of the Q1 is blocked by using Q1 and Q2, so as to perform reverse connection protection. In addition, when the voltages of the OV pin and the UV pin are lower than the reference voltage, the GATE pin is pulled low. Q1, Q2 turn off, the circuit will realize the overvoltage-undervoltage protection. The voltage at R11 of the optional sense resistor between the SS and Vu pins detects an over-current condition, and the current limiting circuit controls the GATE pin to limit the sampled voltage between SS and GND, and the TMR pin charges when the voltage at R11 exceeds the sampled voltage. When the TMR pin reaches the reference voltage, Q1 and Q2 are switched off, and the overcurrent protection time can be set by controlling the charging time of the TMR pin. During normal operation, Q1, Q2 are fully turned on, and by setting the resistance values of R9 and R10, when the power supply voltage surge is too high, the GATEs of Q1 and Q2 are controlled by a pin GATE, the output voltage is regulated to the set level, and if the voltage surge phenomenon is still occurring, the output voltage is charged through a TMR pin. The Q1, Q2 are kept on until the TMR pin reaches the reference voltage, at which time Q1, Q2 are turned off, and the voltage surge suppression time can be set by controlling the charging time of the TMR pin. This circuit is used for protecting in the ceramic manufacture process, and the voltage protection of drying-machine, vibration light polishing machine and vibration ball mill prevents in process of production, because the problem of voltage or electric current causes the circuit to damage for ceramic preparation process interrupt causes unnecessary loss.
Although several embodiments and examples of the present invention have been described for those skilled in the art, these embodiments and examples are presented as examples and are not intended to limit the scope of the invention. These new embodiments can be implemented in other various ways, and various omissions, substitutions, and changes can be made without departing from the spirit of the invention. These embodiments and modifications thereof are included in the scope and gist of the invention, and are included in the invention described in the claims and the equivalent scope thereof.
Furthermore, it should be understood that although the present description refers to embodiments, not every embodiment may contain only a single embodiment, and such description is for clarity only, and those skilled in the art should integrate the description, and the embodiments may be combined as appropriate to form other embodiments understood by those skilled in the art.
Claims (10)
1. The formula of the wear-resistant ceramic is characterized by comprising the following components, by mass, 20-30 parts of calcined alumina; 5-10 parts of barium carbonate; 5-10 parts of mullite; 5-10 parts of talcum powder; 13-15 parts of magnesium oxide; 5-10 parts of zirconium oxide; 70-80 parts of kaolin; 10-15 parts of quartz; 2-3 parts of silicon nitride; 1-2 parts of silicon carbide; 10-15 parts of limestone; 1-2 parts of hydroxymethyl cellulose; 1-2 parts of bentonite.
2. The wear-resistant ceramic formula according to claim 1, wherein the wear-resistant ceramic formula comprises the following components in percentage by mass: 20 parts of calcined alumina; 6 parts of barium carbonate; 6 parts of mullite; 7 parts of talcum powder; 14 parts of magnesium oxide; 6 parts of zirconium oxide; 73 parts of kaolin; 11 parts of quartz; 2 parts of silicon nitride; 1 part of silicon carbide; 10 parts of limestone; 1 part of hydroxymethyl cellulose; and 1 part of bentonite.
3. A method for preparing a wear resistant ceramic product, comprising the steps of:
(1) preparing ingredients: calculating the required quality of various raw materials according to the formula and the required quantity for production, and mixing the raw materials: drying 20 parts of alumina; 6 parts of barium carbonate; 6 parts of mullite; 7 parts of talcum powder; 14 parts of magnesium oxide; 6 parts of zirconium oxide; 73 parts of kaolin; 11 parts of quartz; 2 parts of silicon nitride; 1 part of silicon carbide; 10 parts of limestone; 1 part of hydroxymethyl cellulose; 1 part of bentonite, and fully mixing the components according to the mass proportion;
(2) drying raw materials: drying the raw materials in the formula for the first time by using a dryer;
(3) grinding the raw materials of the formula for the first time: grinding the dried formula raw materials by using a vibration ball mill generally;
(4) pre-burning: pre-burning the mixed, ground and crushed raw materials of the formula;
(5) crushing and forming: crushing and molding the pre-sintered material to prepare a specific blank;
(6) plastic discharging: removing water and adhesive in the formed blank;
(7) and (3) high-temperature sintering: sintering the pre-sintered and molded blank at high temperature;
(8) surface treatment: polishing the blank body subjected to high-temperature sintering by using a vibration polishing machine;
(9) secondary drying: washing with water, and drying for the second time;
(10) carrying out post-treatment on the product: and polarizing and magnetizing the product after secondary drying.
4. The method of claim 3, wherein the vibratory ball mill rotates at 30 revolutions per minute for a period of 24 hours.
5. The method of claim 3, wherein the raw material drying temperature is 200 ℃.
6. The method of claim 3, wherein the high temperature sintering temperature is from 1500 ℃ to 1780 ℃.
7. The method of claim 3, wherein the polishing is performed by a vibratory polisher for a polishing time of 2 hours.
8. The method of claim 3, wherein the vibratory ball mill comprises a frame, a vibration exciter, a mill pot, a feed inlet; a grinding tank is arranged on the frame; the grinding tank is provided with a vibration exciter, and the feed inlet is positioned on one side of the grinding tank.
9. The method of claim 3, wherein the vibratory finishing machine comprises a vibratory base, a vibratory motor, a plurality of sets of vibratory springs, and a vibratory box; the bottom of the vibration motor is fixed in the center of the top of the vibration seat; the output end of the top of the vibration motor is connected with the center of the bottom of the vibration box; the tops of the multiple groups of vibration springs are connected with the bottom of the vibration box; the bottoms of the multiple groups of vibration springs are connected with the vibration seat.
10. The method of claim 3, wherein the dryer comprises a base, a drum, a rolling ring, a kiln hood, a burner; the cylinder body is connected with the base through the rolling ring; kiln covers are installed at two ends of the cylinder body, and a combustor is arranged at one end of each kiln cover.
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