CN112690867A - Percutaneous minimally invasive ilium extractor - Google Patents

Abstract

The invention discloses a percutaneous minimally invasive iliac extractor, which comprises a guide pin and an expansion sleeve, wherein the inner diameter of the expansion sleeve is larger than the diameter of the guide pin; an outer sleeve having an inner diameter greater than an outer diameter of the dilating sleeve; the bone taking tube is smaller than the inner diameter of the outer sleeve, a plurality of first sawteeth are arranged on the end face of one end of the bone taking tube, the first sawteeth are oblique teeth, the two opposite sides of each first sawtooth are respectively provided with a cutting edge and a knife back, the length of each cutting edge is larger than that of the knife back, and the thickness of the outer end of each cutting edge is larger than that of the inner end of each cutting edge. The percutaneous minimally invasive ilium extractor provided by the invention has the advantages that the skin incision is small, the minimally invasive operation is realized, the operation is simple, the bone extraction efficiency is greatly improved, the injury of a patient caused by the operation is favorably reduced, the risk of further injury of the patient caused by the fracture of the ilium tail end is reduced, and the iatrogenic injury of the patient is alleviated.

Description

Percutaneous minimally invasive ilium extractor

Technical Field

The invention relates to the technical field of medical instruments, in particular to a percutaneous minimally invasive ilium extractor.

Background

Autologous bone grafting is the gold standard for bone fusion. For a patient needing bone transplantation, the ilium of the patient is generally taken out and mashed to be transplanted. The existing iliac bone taking-out method is to cut an incision on the hip of a patient, expand the incision, separate periosteum by an electric knife, extend the electric knife into the incision, chisel a cuboid bone block on an iliac wing, and smash the taken-out iliac bone for later use. However, when the ilium is taken in the traditional method, complications such as lateral femoral cutaneous nerve injury, subcutaneous hematoma infection, large wound, ilium fracture, severe postoperative pain, unattractive incision and the like occur, and a patient is much reluctant to take the ilium. The existing bone drill is generally tubular, one end of the bone drill is provided with sawteeth for cutting bones, but in the process of taking out the ilium, the cut part of the ilium is still connected with other bones and is not easy to break off, so that the time of the bone taking operation is prolonged, and a patient may be seriously injured in the breaking off process, therefore, a percutaneous minimally invasive ilium extractor is needed, which is convenient for separating the cut part of the ilium from other bones while minimally invasive bone taking is carried out, so that the bone taking efficiency is improved, and the risk of further injury to the patient is reduced.

Disclosure of Invention

The technical problem to be solved by the invention is as follows: provides a percutaneous minimally invasive iliac extractor which can be opened in a small way (percutaneous) and reduce the injury of a patient.

In order to solve the technical problems, the invention adopts the technical scheme that: the invention discloses a percutaneous minimally invasive iliac extractor, which comprises a guide pin and an expansion sleeve, wherein the inner diameter of the expansion sleeve is larger than the diameter of the guide pin; an outer sleeve having an inner diameter greater than an outer diameter of the dilating sleeve; the bone taking tube is smaller than the inner diameter of the outer sleeve, a plurality of first sawteeth are arranged on the end face of one end of the bone taking tube, the first sawteeth are oblique teeth, the two opposite sides of each first sawtooth are respectively provided with a cutting edge and a knife back, the length of each cutting edge is larger than that of the knife back, and the thickness of the outer end of each cutting edge is larger than that of the inner end of each cutting edge.

The invention has the beneficial effects that: the percutaneous minimally invasive ilium extractor selects a proper bone taking position through the guide pin, then the expansion sleeve and the outer sleeve are sequentially sleeved on the guide pin to expand a small hole pierced by the guide pin on the skin, the skin and muscle tissues have certain flexibility, the guide pin and the sleeve are gradually expanded in the muscle gap to cause zero damage to the subcutaneous tissues such as muscle and the like, the injury of a patient caused by an operation is favorably reduced, the outer sleeve and the guide pin are taken out after the outer sleeve is inserted into the human body, the bone taking tube extends into the human body along the outer sleeve, the bone taking tube is rotated to cut off part of ilium through the first sawteeth at the end part of the bone taking tube, the diameter of the cut ilium is smaller than the inner diameter of the bone taking tube, the non-separated part of the ilium can be broken through slightly swinging the bone taking tube, the taken-off ilium is taken out of the human body, the operation is simple, the bone taking efficiency is greatly improved, and the risk that the patient is further injured due to the broken ilium is reduced, and the iatrogenic injury of the patient is relieved.

Drawings

FIG. 1 is a schematic structural view of a dilating tube sleeve in a percutaneous minimally invasive iliac extractor in accordance with a first embodiment of the present invention;

FIG. 2 is a cross-sectional view of a dilating sleeve in a percutaneous minimally invasive iliac extractor in accordance with a first embodiment of the present invention;

FIG. 3 is a schematic structural view of an outer cannula in the percutaneous minimally invasive iliac extractor in accordance with the first embodiment of the present invention;

FIG. 4 is an enlarged view taken at A in FIG. 3;

FIG. 5 is a schematic structural view of a bone extraction tube of the percutaneous minimally invasive iliac extractor in accordance with the first embodiment of the present invention;

FIG. 6 is an enlarged view at B in FIG. 5;

FIG. 7 is a cross-sectional view of a bone removal tube of a percutaneous minimally invasive iliac extractor in accordance with a first embodiment of the present invention;

FIG. 8 is a schematic structural view of an ejector pin in the percutaneous minimally invasive iliac extractor in accordance with the first embodiment of the present invention;

FIG. 9 is a partial cross-sectional view of a bone cutting tube in a percutaneous minimally invasive iliac extractor in accordance with a first embodiment of the invention;

FIG. 10 is a cross-sectional view of a bone cutting tube in a percutaneous minimally invasive iliac extractor in accordance with a first embodiment of the invention;

FIG. 11 is a cross-sectional view of another cross-section of a bone cutting tube in the percutaneous minimally invasive iliac extractor of the first embodiment of the invention.

Description of reference numerals:

1. expanding the sleeve; 2. an outer sleeve; 21. positioning teeth; 22. a handle; 3. taking a bone tube; 31. a first saw tooth; 311. a blade; 312. a back of a knife; 313. the outer end of the cutting edge; 314. the inner end of the blade; 32. a first rotating handle; 4. a thimble; 5. cutting a bone tube; 51. a second saw tooth; 52. a second rotating handle.

Detailed Description

In order to explain technical contents, achieved objects, and effects of the present invention in detail, the following description is made with reference to the accompanying drawings in combination with the embodiments.

Referring to fig. 1 to 11, the invention discloses a percutaneous minimally invasive iliac extractor, which comprises a guide pin and a dilatation cannula 1, wherein the inner diameter of the dilatation cannula is larger than the diameter of the guide pin; an outer sleeve 2 having an inner diameter larger than an outer diameter of the expansion sleeve 1; the outer diameter of the bone taking tube 3 is smaller than the inner diameter of the outer sleeve 2, a plurality of first saw teeth 31 are arranged on the end face of one end of the bone taking tube 3, the first saw teeth 31 are oblique teeth, two opposite sides of each first saw tooth 31 are respectively provided with a cutting edge 311 and a back of a knife 312, the length of each cutting edge 311 is larger than that of the back of the knife 312, and the thickness of the outer end 313 of each cutting edge is larger than that of the inner end 314 of each cutting edge.

The working principle of the invention is briefly described as follows: the proper bone taking position is selected through the guide pin, the expansion sleeve 1 and the outer sleeve 2 are sequentially sleeved on the guide pin to expand a small hole punctured by the guide pin on the skin, the wound surface caused by the guide pin with certain flexibility is not expanded due to the skin and muscle tissues, the outer sleeve 2 and the guide pin are taken out after the outer sleeve 2 is inserted into the human body, the bone taking tube 3 extends into the human body along the outer sleeve 2, part of ilium is cut off by the rotation of the bone taking tube 3 through a first sawtooth 31 at the end part of the bone taking tube 3, the diameter of the cut ilium is smaller than the inner diameter of the bone taking tube 3 due to the shape of the first sawtooth 31, and the bone taking tube 3 is slightly swung to break the part of the ilium which is not separated so as to take out the taken-off ilium from the human body.

From the above description, the beneficial effects of the present invention are: the percutaneous minimally invasive ilium extractor provided by the invention has the advantages that the skin incision is small, the minimally invasive operation is realized, the operation is simple, the bone extraction efficiency is greatly improved, the injury of a patient caused by the operation is favorably reduced, the risk of further injury of the patient caused by the fracture of the ilium tail end is reduced, and the iatrogenic injury of the patient is alleviated.

Further, the dilating cannula 1 comprises a first cannula and a second cannula, the inner diameter of the first cannula is larger than the outer diameter of the second cannula, the inner diameter of the second cannula is larger than the diameter of the guide pin, and the outer diameter of the first cannula is smaller than the inner diameter of the outer cannula 2.

As can be seen from the above description, the dilating cannula 1 has multiple layers, and the dilating cannula is sequentially sleeved on the guide needle from small to large according to the size to gradually enlarge the hole pierced by the guide needle, so as to prevent the dilating cannula 1 with large size from being directly sleeved on the guide needle to cause difficulty in entering the hole or causing skin rupture.

Furthermore, one end of the outer sleeve 2 is provided with a positioning tooth 21, the positioning tooth 21 is a straight tooth, and the end part of the positioning tooth 21 is a plane.

As can be seen from the above description, the positioning teeth 21 are disposed at the end of the outer cannula 2 to fix the outer cannula 2 at the selected bone-taking position, and the end of the positioning teeth 21 is flat, which can prevent the positioning teeth 21 from causing unnecessary injury to the patient and can also prevent the positioning teeth 21 from curling during use.

Furthermore, a handle 22 is provided at an end of the outer sleeve 2 away from the positioning teeth 21, and the handle 22 is fixedly connected with the outer sleeve 2.

As can be seen from the above description, the outer cannula 2 can be conveniently held by operating the handle 22 to prevent the outer cannula from shaking during the bone extraction process.

Further, the end of the first saw tooth 31 is a plane.

As can be seen from the above description, the end of the first saw tooth 31 is designed to be flat to prevent the first saw tooth 31 from being too sharp to cause the bone extraction process to exceed a predetermined drilling depth, and to prevent the first saw tooth 31 from being curled during the use of the bone extraction tube 3.

Furthermore, scales are arranged on the peripheral wall of the bone taking tube 3 at intervals along the length direction of the bone taking tube 3.

As can be seen from the above description, the depth of the bone taking tube 3 can be obtained through the scales, and the size of the taken ilium can be conveniently controlled.

Furthermore, one end of the bone taking tube 3, which is far away from the first saw tooth 31, is provided with a first rotating handle 32, and the first rotating handle 32 is fixedly connected with the bone taking tube 3.

As can be seen from the above description, the bone-taking tube 3 can be conveniently rotated by operating the first rotating handle 32.

Furthermore, the bone taking device further comprises a thimble 4, and the outer diameter of the thimble 4 is smaller than the inner diameter of the bone taking pipe 3.

As can be seen from the above description, the ilium removed from the bone removal tube 3 is cylindrical and can be ejected from the bone removal tube 3 by the ejector pin 4 in the bone removal tube 3.

Further, the bone cutting device further comprises a bone cutting tube 5, the outer diameter of the bone cutting tube 5 is smaller than the inner diameter of the outer sleeve 2, one end of the bone cutting tube 5 is provided with a plurality of second saw teeth 51, and the second saw teeth 51 are perpendicular to the inner peripheral wall of the bone cutting tube 5.

As can be seen from the above description, when the part of the ilium drilled by the bone taking tube 3 is difficult to break, the bone taking tube 3 can be taken out, the bone cutting tube 5 can be extended into the bone cutting tube 5 to cut the ilium, so that the removed ilium can be taken out from the body of the patient, and the operation time can be shortened.

Further, a second rotating handle 52 is arranged at one end, far away from the second saw teeth 51, of the bone cutting tube 5, and the second rotating handle 52 is fixedly connected with the bone cutting tube 5.

As can be seen from the above description, the handle is rotated to conveniently drive the osteotomy tube 5 to rotate.

Example one

Referring to fig. 1 to 11, a first embodiment of the present invention is: the utility model provides a percutaneous wicresoft's ilium extractor, includes guide pin, expansion sleeve 1, outer tube 2 and gets bone canal 3 for take out the part ilium that needs carry out bone grafting's patient and for transplanting, the injury that causes the patient when getting the bone from the patient is internal is little, and the ilium that will take off that can be convenient takes out from the patient is internal, effectively shortens the operating time, reduces the probability that the patient received further injury, alleviates the injury that causes the patient.

As shown in fig. 1 and 2, when the percutaneous minimally invasive iliac extractor is used for bone extraction, a tiny wound is cut on the skin of a patient, a puncture needle pierces the bone of the patient and then a guide pin is replaced to determine a bone extraction position, or the guide pin is punctured into the bone of the patient by an electric drill to determine the bone extraction position, the expansion sleeve 1 is sleeved on the guide pin after the bone extraction position is selected by the guide pin, the inner diameter of the expansion sleeve 1 is larger than the diameter of the guide pin, so that the guide pin can smoothly pass through the expansion sleeve, the expansion sleeve extends into the body of the patient through a hole pierced on the skin of the patient by the guide pin, and the skin and muscle tissues of the body have certain flexibility, so that the wound surface caused by the guide pin cannot expand after the expansion sleeve extends into the body of the patient, the size of the wound surface caused by the patient in the bone extraction process is reduced, and the minimally invasive surgery is realized, reduce the harm to the patient.

Preferably, the dilating cannula 1 comprises a first cannula and a second cannula, the inner diameter of the first cannula is larger than the outer diameter of the second cannula, and the inner diameter of the second cannula is larger than the diameter of the guide pin, the first cannula and the second cannula are sequentially sleeved on the guide pin to gradually dilate the hole punctured by the guide pin on the skin of the patient to a required size, so as to prevent the skin of the patient from being cracked when the dilating cannula 1 is extended into the body due to the overlarge size of the dilating cannula 1, wherein the number and size of the dilating cannula 1 are selected according to the actual surgical requirements of different patients.

Referring to fig. 3 and 4, after the dilating cannula 1 dilates the wound on the skin of the patient to a corresponding size, the outer cannula 2 is sleeved on the dilating cannula 1, the inner diameter of the dilating cannula 1 is larger than the outer diameter of the dilating cannula 1, one end of the outer cannula 2 extending into the body of the patient is provided with positioning teeth 21, the positioning teeth 21 are abutted against the bone of the patient to fix the outer cannula 2 at the bone-taking position, and after the outer cannula 2 is completely arranged, the dilating cannula and the guide pin are taken out to take out the bone.

Preferably, location tooth 21 is the straight-tooth just the tip of location tooth 21 is the plane, effectively prevents when location tooth 21 stretches into the patient in vivo location tooth 21 causes patient's skin or muscle scratch, and avoids outer tube 2 leads to with patient's skeleton collision in the use location tooth 21 turn-ups does benefit to outer tube 2 used repeatedly many times. The handle 22 fixedly connected with the outer sleeve 2 is further arranged at one end, far away from the positioning teeth 21, of the outer sleeve 2, the outer sleeve 2 can be conveniently held by operating the handle 22 to prevent the outer sleeve 2 from shaking in the bone taking process, and the outer sleeve 2 is prevented from generating unexpected displacement in the bone taking process.

As shown in fig. 5, 6 and 7, after the guide pin and the dilating cannula 1 are taken out from the outer cannula 2, the bone taking tube 3 is inserted into the body of the patient along the outer cannula 2 to take the bone, the end face of one end of the bone taking tube 3 is provided with a plurality of first saw teeth 31, the bone taking tube 3 is rotated to cut the ilium of the patient through the first saw teeth 31 and take off part of the ilium to be kept in the bone taking tube 3, the cut part of the ilium is cylindrical, and then the bone taking tube 3 is taken out from the outer cannula 2 to take the cut ilium out of the body of the patient to finish the bone taking.

Specifically, the first saw teeth 31 are oblique teeth, the two opposite sides of the first saw teeth 31 are respectively provided with a cutting edge 311 and a knife back 312, the length of the cutting edge 311 is greater than the length of the knife back 312, and the thickness of the outer end 313 of the cutting edge is greater than the thickness of the inner end 314 of the cutting edge, that is, the cutting edge 311 is gradually thinned along the axial thickness of the bone taking tube 3, so that the interval between the outer ends 313 of the cutting edges of the two opposite first saw teeth 31 is smaller than the interval between the inner ends 314 of the cutting edges, further, the diameter of the cylindrical part of the ilium cut by the first saw teeth 31 is smaller than the diameter of the bone taking tube 3, when the part of the ilium is not cut by the bone taking tube 3, the part of the ilium can be broken and taken out of the patient by shaking the bone taking tube 3 to make the side wall of the bone taking tube 3 collide with the part of the ilium, so that the part of the ilium, improve the bone taking efficiency and reduce the probability of further injury to the patient caused by the broken part of the ilium in the bone taking process. The end part of the first saw tooth 31 is preferably a plane so as to prevent the depth of the first saw tooth 31 which is too sharp and is drilled into the bone from exceeding a preset range, the length of the cylindrical ilium which is taken out is convenient to control, and excessive injury to the bone of a patient is avoided.

Preferably, the peripheral wall of the bone taking tube 3 is provided with scales at intervals along the length direction of the bone taking tube 3, when the bone taking tube 3 is placed in the outer sleeve 2, the end of the outer sleeve 2 is aligned with the scales, and the length of the bone taking tube 3 extending into the ilium of the patient can be judged according to the scales aligned with the end of the outer sleeve 2 in the bone taking process.

Get bone canal 3 and keep away from the one end of first sawtooth 31 is equipped with first handle 32 that rotates, first handle 32 that rotates with get bone canal 3 fixed connection, the operation first handle 32 that rotates can drive get bone canal 3 and rotate, made things convenient for greatly percutaneous wicresoft's ilium extractor operates.

Referring to fig. 8, the percutaneous minimally invasive iliac extractor further comprises an ejector pin 4, the diameter of the ejector pin 4 is smaller than the inner diameter of the bone taking tube 3, a cylindrical part of iliac bone behind the part of iliac bone taken out of the bone taking tube 3 is kept in the bone taking tube 3, and the ejector pin 4 is extended into the bone taking tube 3 to take out part of iliac bone from the bone taking tube 3 for later use.

As shown in fig. 9, 10 and 11, the minimally invasive percutaneous iliac extractor further comprises a bone cutting tube 5, wherein the outer diameter of the bone cutting tube 5 is smaller than the inner diameter of the outer sleeve 2, one end of the bone cutting tube 5 is provided with a plurality of second saw teeth 51, the second saw teeth 51 are perpendicular to the inner peripheral wall of the bone cutting tube 5, when a part of iliac bone drilled by the bone taking tube 3 is difficult to break, the bone taking tube 3 is taken out, the bone cutting tube 5 extends into the outer sleeve 2, and the bone cutting tube 5 is rotated to cut off the part of iliac bone through the second saw teeth 51, so that the cylindrical part of iliac bone is kept in the bone cutting tube 5 and is taken out of the body of the patient along with the bone cutting tube 5, thereby effectively solving the problem that the cut part of iliac bone is difficult to break and preventing the patient from further injury due to the broken iliac bone.

Preferably, the one end of cutting bone pipe 5 and keeping away from second sawtooth 51 is equipped with second rotation handle 52, second rotation handle 52 with cut bone pipe 5 fixed connection, through the operation second rotation handle 52 can drive cut bone pipe 5 rotates.

The use method of the percutaneous minimally invasive ilium extractor provided by the invention comprises the following steps: s1, arranging the guide pin on the selected bone taking position by adopting a puncture needle or an electric drill; s2, sequentially sleeving the dilatation sleeve 1 on the guide needle from small to large according to the size; s3, sleeving the outer sleeve 2 on the expansion sleeve 1, and taking out the guide pin and the expansion sleeve after the positioning teeth 21 stably abut against the ilium of the patient; s4, extending the bone taking tube 3 into the outer sleeve 2, rotating the bone taking tube 3 to enable the bone taking tube 3 to extend into the corresponding depth of the ilium of the patient, slightly shaking the bone taking tube 3 to enable the cut part of the ilium fracture to be broken, and then taking out the bone taking tube 3; s5, extending the thimble 4 into the bone taking tube 3 to take out the cut part of the ilium and keep the ilium properly; s6, the outer cannula 2 is removed and the wound of the patient is properly treated. If the iliac bone is not easily broken by slightly shaking the bone-extracting tube 3 in step S4, step S41 is performed in which the bone-extracting tube 3 is removed, the bone-cutting tube 5 is placed in the outer cannula 2, the bone-cutting tube 5 is rotated to cut the iliac bone, and then the bone-cutting tube 5 and the cut part of the iliac bone are removed from the outer cannula 2.

In conclusion, the percutaneous minimally invasive iliac extractor provided by the invention is simple to operate, greatly improves the bone extraction efficiency, is beneficial to reducing the injury of a patient caused by an operation, reduces the risk of further injury of the patient caused by fracture of the ilia, and reduces the injury to the bone of the patient.

The above description is only an embodiment of the present invention, and not intended to limit the scope of the present invention, and all equivalent changes made by using the contents of the present specification and the drawings, or applied directly or indirectly to the related technical fields, are included in the scope of the present invention.

Claims (10)

1. A percutaneous minimal invasive ilium extractor comprises a guide pin, and is characterized in that: also comprises the following steps of (1) preparing,

an expansion sleeve, the inner diameter of which is larger than the diameter of the guide pin;

an outer sleeve having an inner diameter greater than an outer diameter of the dilating sleeve;

the bone taking tube is smaller than the inner diameter of the outer sleeve, a plurality of first sawteeth are arranged on the end face of one end of the bone taking tube, the first sawteeth are oblique teeth, the two opposite sides of each first sawtooth are respectively provided with a cutting edge and a knife back, the length of each cutting edge is larger than that of the knife back, and the thickness of the outer end of each cutting edge is larger than that of the inner end of each cutting edge.

2. The percutaneous minimally invasive iliac extractor of claim 1, wherein: the expansion sleeve comprises a first sleeve and a second sleeve, the inner diameter of the first sleeve is larger than the outer diameter of the second sleeve, the inner diameter of the second sleeve is larger than the diameter of the guide pin, and the outer diameter of the first sleeve is smaller than the inner diameter of the outer sleeve.

3. The percutaneous minimally invasive iliac extractor of claim 1, wherein: one end of the outer sleeve is provided with a positioning tooth, the positioning tooth is a straight tooth, and the end part of the positioning tooth is a plane.

4. The percutaneous minimally invasive iliac extractor of claim 3, wherein: the one end that the outer tube kept away from the location tooth has the handle, the handle with outer tube fixed connection.

5. The percutaneous minimally invasive iliac extractor of claim 1, wherein: the end part of the first sawtooth is a plane.

6. The percutaneous minimally invasive iliac extractor of claim 1, wherein: scales are arranged on the peripheral wall of the bone taking tube at intervals along the length direction of the bone taking tube.

7. The percutaneous minimally invasive iliac extractor of claim 1, wherein: get the bone canal and keep away from the one end of first sawtooth is equipped with first rotation handle, first rotation handle with get bone canal fixed connection.

8. The percutaneous minimally invasive iliac extractor of claim 1, wherein: the bone taking tube is characterized by further comprising a thimble, and the outer diameter of the thimble is smaller than the inner diameter of the bone taking tube.

9. The percutaneous minimally invasive iliac extractor of claim 1, wherein: still include and cut the bone tube, the external diameter of cutting the bone tube is less than the internal diameter of outer tube, the one end of cutting the bone tube has a plurality of second sawtooth, the second sawtooth perpendicular to cut the internal perisporium wall of bone tube.

10. The percutaneous minimally invasive iliac extractor of claim 9, wherein: cut the bone canal and keep away from the one end of second sawtooth is equipped with the second and rotates the handle, the second rotate the handle with cut bone canal fixed connection.

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