CN112690278A - Weeding composition safe to crops and application thereof - Google Patents
Weeding composition safe to crops and application thereof Download PDFInfo
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Abstract
The invention discloses a weeding composition safe to crops and application thereof, wherein the weeding composition comprises the following effective components: the ternary compound composition comprises (1-80) parts by weight of (1-50) parts by weight of pendimethalin, oxadiargyl and flumioxazin, wherein the total weight percentage of the pendimethalin, the oxadiargyl and the flumioxazin in the composition is 1-80%. The weeding composition disclosed by the invention is stable in weeding effect, can be strongly adsorbed by soil, is small in mobility in the soil, is environment-friendly, and is safe for current and succeeding crops.
Description
Technical Field
The invention belongs to the field of agricultural chemistry, and particularly relates to a weeding composition safe to crops and application thereof.
Background
Weeds have strong adaptability, compete with crops for resources such as water, fertilizer and the like, if the weeds are not well controlled, light weeds can directly inhibit the normal growth and development of the crops and cause different losses to the yield and quality of the crops, and serious weeds cause field desertion and even crop loss. Weeds present at planting generally grow faster than crops and compete early in the growing season. It is therefore desirable to plant crops in a seed bed free of weeds or to ensure that there are substantially no weeds present when the crop emerges.
Pendimethalin (pendimethalin) CAS (CAS) accession number is 40487-42-1, belongs to dinitrotoluidine selective soil treatment herbicides, mainly inhibits meristem cell division, inhibits secondary root growth, has obvious inhibition effect on buds, influences the germination of weed seeds, and can effectively prevent and kill annual gramineae and some broadleaf weeds; is widely used in crop fields such as soybean, corn, peanut, cotton, vegetable, orchard and the like.
Oxadiargyl (oxadiargyl) CAS registry number 39807-15-3, a pre-emergent contact-type selective broad-spectrum herbicide. The herbicide has small mobility in soil, is not easy to touch the roots of weeds, can be used for preventing and removing various annual gramineous weeds, cyperaceae weeds and broadleaf weeds in paddy fields, and also has obvious weeding effect on certain perennial weeds.
Flumioxazin (flumioxazin) CAS registry number 103361-09-7, belonging to the class of cyclic imide herbicides. The flumioxazin has good quick-acting performance, can prevent and remove annual broadleaf weeds and partial gramineous weeds, and has good control effects on polygonum bengalense, polygonum acranum, polygonum arthrolium, polygonum aviculare, madder, hedyotis moschata, solanum retroflexum, abutilon, quinoa, chenopodium album, elsholtzia, echinocactus, xanthium sibiricum, rumex, capsella, pennisetum, commelina communis and the like; when the chemical agent is absorbed by the sprouts of the seedlings, which are exposed to the chemical agent during germination, the sprouts of the seedlings absorb the chemical agent to cause necrosis of the sprouts and inhibit the growth of roots, and light and oxygen accelerate the herbicidal activity of the chemical agent.
The herbicide is prepared by mixing different kinds of herbicides, has a wide weeding spectrum, can effectively improve the actual control effect, reduces the dosage, reduces the cost and the like. Because of the complex and various growth characteristics and cultivation modes of crops, mechanical or intertillage weeding is difficult to carry out, and the manual weeding has high cost and can greatly damage the seedlings of the crops; broad-leaved weeds and gramineous weeds emerge in stages, the duration of the weed emergence period is long, accidental extreme weather influences the timely application of crop herbicides and easily causes phytotoxicity; therefore, it is important to select a safe and efficient herbicide which can effectively prevent and kill the weeds in crops. In addition, the selection of the herbicide not only requires the safety of the current crops, but also considers the influence of pesticide residues in soil or plants on the environment and human beings and the safety of the succeeding crops. According to a large amount of indoor biological activity and field tests, the invention surprisingly discovers that three agents of pendimethalin, oxadiargyl and flumioxazin can be effectively prevented and removed from grassy weeds and broadleaf weeds by mixing, in addition, the composition can effectively inhibit the secondary rooting growth of the weeds, has an obvious inhibition effect on weed buds, has long lasting time of the weeding activity, and is safe for current and later crops.
In the prior art, application number CN201410407587.8 discloses that pendimethalin and oxadiargyl 1: 20-20: 1 are suitable for preventing and killing annual weeds in potato fields; application No. CN201810056354.6 discloses a ternary compound weeding composition containing flumioxazin, pendimethalin and clomazone for paddy fields and cotton field weeds, but the ternary compound of the pendimethalin, the oxadiargyl and the flumioxazin is not disclosed in documents or patents for crop weeding.
Disclosure of Invention
The invention aims to solve the problems of poor control effect, large environmental hazard and low safety on current and succeeding crops caused by the single use of herbicides in the prior art, and provides a weeding composition which has stable weeding effect, is environment-friendly and is safe to crops.
The invention also aims to use the weeding composition for preventing and killing the unwanted plants of the crops, and is particularly suitable for preventing and killing garlic, peanut field grassy weeds and broad-leaved weeds.
The technical scheme of the invention is as follows: a crop-safe herbicidal composition comprising the active ingredients pendimethalin, oxadiargyl, flumioxazin;
further, the weight ratio of the active ingredients of pendimethalin, oxadiargyl and flumioxazin is (1-80): 1-50, preferably, (1-50): 1-20): 1-10; more preferably (1 to 20): (1-10): (1-5);
further, the active ingredients of pendimethalin, oxadiargyl and flumioxazin are 10:2:1, 15:3:2, 30:6:5, 10:3:1, 30:9:4, 30:9:5, 10:4:1, 15:6:2, 30:12:5, 15:2:1, 45:6:4, 45:6:5, 15:3:1, 45:9:4, 45:9:5, 15:4:1, 15:3:1, 45:12:5, 20:2:1, 30:3:2, 60:6:5, 20:3:1, 60:9:4, 60:9:5, 20:4:1, 20:3:1 and 60:12:5 in mass ratio;
further, the active ingredients of pendimethalin, oxadiargyl and flumioxazin are 15:3:2, 30:6:5, 10:3:1, 30:9:4, 30:9:5, 10:4:1, 15:6:2, 30:12:5, 15:2:1, 45:6:4, 45:6:5, 15:3:1, 45:9:4, 15:4:1, 15:3:1, 45:12:5, 30:3:2, 60:6:5, 20:3:1, 60:9:4, 60:9:5, 20:4:1, 20:3:1 and 60:12:5 in mass ratio;
further, the sum of the weight of the active ingredients accounts for 1-80% of the total weeding composition;
furthermore, the total weight of active ingredients in the herbicide composition accounts for 10-60% of the total herbicide composition.
A crop-safe herbicidal composition comprising agrochemical formulation adjuvants to make a formulation suitable for agricultural use;
the auxiliary components of the pesticide preparation comprise a wetting agent, a dispersing agent, an emulsifying agent, an auxiliary emulsifying agent, a thickening agent, a disintegrating agent, an antifreezing agent, a defoaming agent, a solvent, a preservative, a stabilizer, a synergist, a dispersing medium, a pH value regulator, a carrier and the like.
Further, the preparation comprises a solid preparation and a liquid preparation, wherein the solid preparation is powder, a tablet, a water dispersible granule or wettable powder; the liquid preparation is missible oil, aqueous emulsion, microemulsion, suspending agent, dispersible oil suspending agent and soluble agent;
furthermore, the preparation is any one of dispersible oil suspending agent, missible oil and aqueous emulsion;
further, the dispersible Oil suspension (OD) is a stable suspension preparation with the active ingredient dispersed in a non-aqueous medium as solid particles; generally comprises active ingredients, a dispersing medium, an emulsifier, a wetting agent, a dispersing agent, a thickening agent, a stabilizer, a defoaming agent, a pH value regulator and the like; the dispersible oil suspending agent adopts oil as a dispersing medium, is beneficial to better adhering liquid medicine to soil and fast expanding and permeating, has good drug effect and is safe to the environment;
further, the Emulsifiable Concentrate (EC) is a homogeneous oily liquid preparation prepared by mixing and dissolving active ingredients, organic solvents, emulsifiers and the like, and can be dispersed in water as tiny oil particles after being put into water to form a uniform and stable emulsion. The missible oil has the characteristics of high content of effective components, good stability, convenient use, good control effect, simple processing technology, low equipment requirement and the like;
further, the aqueous Emulsion (EW), also called Concentrated Emulsion (CE), is a pesticide preparation formed by dispersing a water-insoluble raw drug liquid or a liquid obtained by dissolving a raw drug in a water-insoluble organic solvent in water; the aqueous emulsion mainly comprises active ingredients, a solvent, an emulsifier, a co-emulsifier, an antifreezing agent, a preservative, deionized water and the like;
a herbicidal composition safe to crops and the use of its formulation for controlling unwanted vegetation in dry farmlands of crops.
Further, the crops comprise one or more of grain crops, cash crops, industrial raw material crops, feed crops and medicinal crops;
further, the crops are economic crops and comprise one or more of vegetable crops, oil crops and favorite crops;
furthermore, the vegetable crop is garlic, and the oil crop is peanut.
The garlic is continuously expanded in domestic planting area, the growth period of the garlic field is as long as 9 months, the temperature and the humidity of the garlic field are increased, the garlic field is extremely favorable for the generation of various weeds, the weeds in the garlic field are one of the main factors influencing the yield and the quality of the garlic, and common grass weeds comprise duramen, oats, wild oats, digitaria sanguinalis, green bristlegrass, digitaria sanguinalis, sparganium and the like; the broad-leaved weeds comprise shepherd's purse, starwort, cleavers, purslane, xanthium sibiricum, Japanese thistle herb, descurainia sophia and the like.
Peanuts are important oil crops in China, weeds in peanut fields grow rapidly, the growth amount is large, the weeds compete with peanuts for fertilizer, normal growth of the peanuts is affected, meanwhile, peanut diseases and insect pests occur, and the yield and the quality of the peanuts are reduced. Common weeds in peanut fields mainly comprise large crabgrass, eleusine indica, bermudagrass, cogongrass, paspalum, green bristlegrass, cyperus rotundus, dandelion, xanthium sibiricum, sow thistle, bidens pilosa, eclipta prostrata, black nightshade, stramonium, acalypha australis, purslane and the like.
Use of a crop-safe herbicidal composition and formulations thereof for controlling unwanted vegetation which is a grass and/or broadleaf weed;
further, the grass family weeds are one or more of wild oat, large crabgrass and green bristlegrass;
furthermore, the broad-leaved weeds are one or more of shepherd's purse, purslane, xanthium and cleavers.
Use of a crop-safe herbicidal composition as a soil treatment for application to an undesired plant growing locus;
further, the undesired plant growing site is soil;
further, the herbicidal composition is applied to undesired plant growth sites as a soil treatment agent, which is applied to soil, exerts a herbicidal effect by being absorbed by the roots, sheaths, hypocotyls, and the like of weeds, controls unearthed weeds, has a little effect on already unearthed weeds, is generally used before sowing, after sowing, or before transplanting of crops, and is called a pre-emergence (weed-seedling) blocking agent. The herbicides can be classified into stem leaf treatment agents and soil treatment agents according to the methods of use.
The invention has reasonable components, good weeding effect and low drug cost, and the activity and the weeding effect of the invention are not simple superposition of the activities of the components, but have obvious synergistic action, can expand the weed control spectrum, delay resistance, have good safety to crops and meet the safety requirement of pesticide preparations.
Use of a crop-safe herbicidal composition and formulations thereof for controlling unwanted vegetation which is a grass and/or broadleaf weed;
the invention has the beneficial effects that:
1) the invention has reasonable components, stable weeding effect and low medication cost, and the prevention effect and the activity level of the active ingredients in a certain proportion range exceed the simple superposition of the components, thereby having obvious synergistic effect;
2) the safety is high, the safety to crops is good, the safety requirement of pesticide preparations is met, and the pesticide is safe to current and succeeding crops;
3) the weeding composition has lasting pesticide effect, is used as a soil treatment agent, is applied at one time, and can effectively control various weeds in the growth period of crops;
4) the herbicide has low dosage, high efficiency of weeding and can delay the drug resistance;
5) low water solubility, easy strong adsorption by soil, small mobility in soil and environmental protection.
Detailed Description
In order to make the technical solutions of the present invention better understood by those skilled in the art, the technical solutions in the embodiments of the present invention will be clearly and completely described below. The following described examples are only preferred embodiments of the present invention, which can be used to describe the present invention and should not be construed as limiting the scope of the present invention.
Preparation examples of the formulations
Preparation 1: 23% pendimethalin-oxadiargyl-flumioxazin dispersible oil suspending agent (20:2:1)
20% of pendimethalin, 2% of oxadiargyl, 1% of flumioxazin, 1% of succinate sulfonate, 9% of sorbitan fatty acid ester polyoxyethylene ether, 3% of calcium dodecylbenzenesulfonate, 3% of tristyrylphenol polyoxyethylene ether, 1% of white carbon black, 0.5% of organic bentonite and the balance of corn oil to 100%.
Preparation 2: 25% pendimethalin-oxadiargyl-flumioxazin emulsion in water (20:4:1)
20% of pendimethalin, 4% of oxadiargyl, 1% of flumioxazin, 10% of xylene, 10% of cyclohexanone, 4% of ethylene oxide-propylene oxide copolyether, 1% of aryl phenol ether phosphate, 5% of glycerol, 0.01% of an organic silicon defoamer, 0.1% of xanthan gum, 0.01% of cason and the balance of water to 100%.
Preparation 3: 40% pendimethalin, oxadiargyl, flumioxazin emulsifiable concentrate (15:4:1)
30% of pendimethalin, 8% of oxadiargyl, 2% of flumioxazin, 10% of DMF, 10% of cyclohexanone, 7% of tristyrylphenol polyoxyethylene ether, 3% of calcium dodecyl benzene sulfonate and the balance of xylene to 100%.
Indoor activity test
The test basis is as follows: NY/T1155.3-2006 "indoor bioassay Standard for pesticides herbicide part 3: activity assay test soil spray method, NY/T1155.7-2006 "indoor bioassay of pesticides test criteria herbicides part 7: combined action assay of compounding, NY/T1155.6-2006 "indoor bioassay of pesticides test criteria herbicides part 6: soil spray method for safety test of crops.
Example 1: indoor activity determination of common weeds by mixing pendimethalin, oxadiargyl and flumioxazin.
Test targets: selecting dry farmland weed oat (Avena fatua), Setaria viridis (Setaria viridis), cleavers (Galium aparine) and Capsella bursa-pastoris) as test objects, and taking a plurality of mature and plump plant seeds for later use.
And (3) test treatment: the cultivation container is a flowerpot with the aperture of 32cm, a proper amount of turfy soil (the content of organic matters is less than or equal to 2%) is added, the turfy soil is quantitatively filled at 4/5 of the flowerpot, and water is supplemented in a mode of infiltrating irrigation at the bottom of the flowerpot, so that the soil is completely wet. Uniformly sowing 20 seeds of the weed to be tested after germination on the surface of the soil, covering soil for about 1cm, and performing soil spraying treatment after sowing for 24 hours.
Reagent to be tested: 96% of pendimethalin technical, 98% of oxadiargyl technical and 99.2% of flumioxazin technical.
Preparing a medicament: the bulk drug was dissolved in DMF and diluted with 0.1% tween 80 in water to give the desired dose concentration.
Setting the experimental dose: the concentrations of the individual agents per dose were set as follows according to the respective characteristics of the weeds tested: 300, 450 and 600a.i g/hm pendimethalin raw pesticide2Oxadiargyl 60, 90, 120a.i g/hm2Flumioxazin 30, 40, 50a.i g/hm2(ii) a Different concentrations of each agent are mixed to obtain different compounding doses.
And (3) investigation: and (3) observing the emergence condition of the weeds and the growth state of the weeds after emergence by visual observation at regular intervals after treatment, and investigating and recording the weeding activity 21d after treatment by an absolute value investigation method. Fresh weight control effect was calculated according to the following method.
Fresh weight control effect E (%) - (control area fresh weight-treatment area fresh weight)/control area fresh weight × 100
Theoretical fresh weight control effect E0(%) - (100- [ (100-fresh weight control of herbicide 1) × (100-fresh weight control of herbicide 2) × (100-fresh weight control of herbicide 3))]/1002
The combined action evaluation standard of the mixed medicament is as follows:
E-E0more than 10% is synergistic effect, E-E010% below is antagonistic, E-E0An addition of. + -. 10% is obtained.
TABLE 1 indoor Activity assay of pendimethalin, oxadiargyl, flumioxazin mixed pairs of Avena sativa
As can be seen from table 1, the indoor activity of pendimethalin, oxadiargyl, flumioxazin mixed wild oat was measured and the dosages were 300+90+30(10:3:1), 300+90+40(30:9:4), 300+90+50(30:9:5), 450+90+30(15:3:1), 450+90+40(45:9:4), 450+90+50(45:9:5), 450+120+30(15:4:1), 450+120+40(15:3:1), 450+120+50(45:12:5), 600+60+40(20:2:1), 600+60+50(60:6:5), 600+90+30(20:3:1), 600+90+40(60:9:4), 600+90+50(60:9:5), 600+120+30(20:4:1), 600+120+40(20:3:1) and 600+120+50(60:12:5) as synergistic effects on the wild oat indoor combination, wherein the E-E of 450+120+30(15:4:1) is synergistic effect0E-E with a value of 18.57, 450+120+40(15:3:1)0The value is 17.41, and the control effect is excellent.
TABLE 2 indoor Activity assay of pendimethalin, oxadiargyl, flumioxazin mixture on Setaria viridis
As shown in Table 2, the indoor activity results of pendimethalin, oxadiargyl and flumioxazin mixture are determined, and the dosage is 300+60+40(15:3:2), 300+60+50(30:6:5), 300+90+30(10:3:1), 300+90+40(30:9:4), 300+90+50(30:9:5), 300+120+50(30:12:5), 450+60+30(15:2:1), 450+60+40(45:6:4), 450+60+50(45:6:5), 450+90+30(15:3:1), 450+90+40(45:9:4), 450+90+50(45:9:5), 450+120+30(15:4:1), 450+120+40(15:3:1), 450+120+50(45:12:5), 600+60+30 (600: 20: 2+ 30: 1), 600+ 30 (30: 2: 3:1), or the mixture of pennisetum propyzamide and the like, 600+60+50(60:6:5), 600+90+30(20:3:1), 600+90+40(60:9:4), 600+90+50(60:9:5), 600+120+30(20:4:1), 600+120+40(20:3:1) and 600+120+50(60:12:5) are synergistic for the combined effect in the green bristlegrass chamber. Wherein E-E of 450+120+30(15:4:1)0E-E with a value of 14.99, 600+120+40(15:3:1)0The value is 13.63, and the excellent control effect is shown.
TABLE 3 indoor Activity assay of pendimethalin, oxadiargyl, flumioxazin combinations against Galium
As shown in Table 3, the indoor activity results of pendimethalin, oxadiargyl and flumioxazin are determined, and the dosage is 300+60+40(15:3:2), 300+60+50(30:6:5), 450+60+30(15:2:1), 450+60+40(45:6:4), 450+60+50(45:6:5), 450+90+30(15:3:1), 450+90+40(45:9:4), 450+90+50(45:9:5), 450+120+30(15:4:1), 450+120+40(15:3:1), 450+120+50(45:12:5), 600+60+30(20:2:1), 600+60+40(30:3:2), 600+60+50(60:6:5), 600+90+30(20:3:1), 600+90+40 + 90: 90 (60:9:5), 600+60+40 (9: 5), 600+120+30(20:4:1), 600+120+40(20:3:1) and 600+120+50(60:12:5) are synergistic for the combined indoor action of cleavers, wherein E-E of 450+120+30(15:4:1)0E-E with a value of 16.31, 450+120+40(45:12:4)0E-E with a value of 14.01, 600+120+40(15:3:1)0The value is 14.04, and the control effect is relatively excellent.
TABLE 4 indoor Activity assay of pendimethalin, oxadiargyl, flumioxazin mix-pair Capsella bursa-pastoris
As can be seen from Table 4, the indoor activity results of pendimethalin, oxadiargyl and flumioxazin mixed pair are determined, and the dosages are 300+60+40(15:3:2), 300+60+50(30:6:5), 300+90+30(10:3:1), 300+90+40(30:9:4), 300+90+50(30:9:5), 300+120+30(10:4:1), 300+120+40(30:12:4), 300+120+50(30:12:5), 450+60+30(15:2:1), 450+60+40(45:6:4), 450+60+50(45:6:5), 450+90+30(15:3:1), 450+90+40(45:9:4), 450+90+50(45:9:5), 450+120+30(15:4:1), 450+120+40(15:3:1), and 450+90+50 (45:12:5), respectively, 600+60+30(20:2:1), 600+60+40(30:3:2), 600+60+50(60:6:5), 600+90+30(20:3:1), 600+90+40(60:9:4), 600+90+50(60:9:5), 600+120+30(20:4:1) and 600+120+40(20:3:1) have a synergistic effect on the indoor combined effect of the capsella bursa-pastoris, wherein 450+120+30(15:4:1) has a synergistic effect on the indoor combined effect of the capsella bursa-pastoris) E to E of0A value of 13.39, each of which showed a relatively excellent control effect, example 2: pendimethalin, oxadiargyl and flumioxazin mixed pair crop safety test
The test uses air-dried sandy loam with 1.4% of organic matter content, neutral pH, good air permeability and sieving. The test soil was dosed at 4/5 to the bowl. Uniformly dibbling the pretreated garlic and peanut seeds in a pot, covering soil for 2cm, infiltrating and irrigating at the bottom of the pot to completely wet the soil, and sowing for 24 hours for later use.
The test medicament is dissolved by acetone, diluted by 0.1% Tween 80 aqueous solution, and 5-7 series doses are set according to the medicament activity. Spray treatment is repeated for not less than 4 times, and the treatment without medicament is used as blank control.
And (4) observation: and regularly observing and recording the seedling emergence condition of the crops and the growth state of the crops after emergence. 14d after treatment, visual and growth inhibition surveys recorded the effect of the agents on the crops, and also described phytotoxicity symptoms, with the following main symptoms:
color change (yellowing, whitening, etc.);
shape changes (new leaf malformation, distortion, etc.);
growth changes (dehydration, wilting, dwarfing, clumping, etc.), etc.
Visual inspection:
the degree of phytotoxicity is 0-10%, and no obvious phytotoxicity exists;
the degree of phytotoxicity is 11% -30%, and slight phytotoxicity;
the degree of phytotoxicity is 31-50%, moderate phytotoxicity;
the degree of phytotoxicity is 51-100%, and the phytotoxicity is serious.
Growth inhibition method:
according to the survey data, the growth inhibition rate of the plant height of each treatment was calculated in percentage (%) according to the following formula, and the calculation results retained two decimal places.
Growth inhibition (%) - (control plant height-treated plant height)/control plant height × 100
TABLE 5 safety of pendimethalin, oxadiargyl, flumioxazin blends to garlic
TABLE 6 safety of pendimethalin, oxadiargyl, flumioxazin blends for peanuts
As shown in tables 5 and 6, the results of the indoor safety measurement of pendimethalin, oxadiargyl and flumioxazin mixed with garlic and peanut show that the dosage of oxadiargyl is 90 and 120a.i g/hm2When the pesticide is used, the pesticide has slight phytotoxicity to garlic, the garlic needles are yellowed and twisted, and the rest single agents of pendimethalin, oxadiargyl and flumioxazin have no obvious phytotoxicity to garlic and peanuts. The pendimethalin, oxadiargyl and flumioxazin are mixed to form garlic and peanuts, which have no obvious phytotoxicity, obviously reduce the growth inhibition rate relative to each single agent and are safe to the garlic and the peanuts of crops.
Pesticide effect in field
Example 3 field efficacy test for controlling weeds in garlic field with different agents
The tested crop is garlic, and the variety is Lu garlic No. II; the succeeding crop is cotton, and the variety is cotton Huaza H318.
The test agents are 23% of pendimethalin, oxadiargyl and flumioxazin dispersible oil suspending agent (20:2:1), 25% of pendimethalin, oxadiargyl and flumioxazin aqueous emulsion (20:4:1), and 40% of pendimethalin, oxadiargyl and flumioxazin emulsifiable concentrate (15:4: 1); the contrast agent is 34% of oxygen fluorine pendimethalin missible oil and 330g/L pendimethalin missible oil.
7(3+2+2) treatments in total in the experiment, and the 23 percent pendimethalin-oxadiargyl-flumioxazin dispersible oil suspending agent is 600a.i g/hm2(treatment 1) 25% aqueous emulsion of pendimethalin, oxadiargyl and flumioxazin 600a.i g/hm2(treatment 2) 40% pendimethalin-oxadiargyl-flumioxazin emulsifiable concentrate 600a.i g/hm2(treatment 3) 34% Oxofluoro-pendimethalin emulsifiable concentrate 400a.i g/hm2(treatment 4) 330g/L pendimethalin emulsifiable concentrate 600a.i g/hm2(treatment 5), and artificial weeding (once in 10 months) (treatment 6), blank control (treatment 7). Each treatment 4 times, the cell area is 25m2Random block permutation.
The test arrangement is carried out in Jinxiang, the soil texture of the test field is sandy loam, the pH value is 7.5, and the test garlic is planted by covering soil after being tiled.
And (3) applying the garlic after sowing before seedling, wherein the weather is clear, the relative humidity is 75%, the temperature is 20-26 ℃ and abnormal climate which does not influence the test result in the whole test period is not generated.
The investigation method comprises the following steps: reference to NT/T1464.22-2007 reference pesticide field efficacy test guidelines part 22: a method for investigating weed control of a garlic field by using a herbicide comprises the steps of visually observing the influence of application of the herbicide on the growth of crops, investigating weed control effects 15, 30 and 45 days after application of the herbicide, investigating fresh weight control effects 45d after application of the herbicide, randomly investigating 4 points in each cell, and investigating each point by 0.25m2Recording the weed species and the weed plant number in the plot; sowing cotton in the next year after harvesting garlic, performing normal field management, not applying any herbicide, investigating the emergence rate of the cotton and observing the growth condition of the cotton by an eye test method.
The test results are processed by an SPSS data processing system, and the difference analysis adopts a Duncan's new negative range (DMRT) method.
The prevention effect calculation formula is as follows:
control effect (%) ([ number of control zone weed plants (fresh weight) — number of treatment zone weed plants (fresh weight) ]/number of control zone weed plants (fresh weight) × 100
In order to know the weed control effect of the different agents on the garlic field and the safety of the agents on garlic, a field efficacy test is specially developed.
As shown in Table 7, after 15 days of drug administration, pendimethalin, oxadiargyl and flumioxazin were mixed to treat wild oat, crab grass, purslane and xanthiumThe ears have good control effect which reaches over 90 percent. As shown in Table 8, the soil sealing effect is somewhat weakened after 30 days of drug administration, weeds occur in different degrees in each treatment, and the 23% pendimethalin-oxadiargyl-flumioxazin dispersible oil suspending agent is 600a.i g/hm225 percent pendimethalin, oxadiargyl and flumioxazin aqueous emulsion 600a.i g/hm240% pendimethalin, oxadiargyl and flumioxazin missible oil 600a.i g/hm2The total grass control effect is 93.70%, 94.51% and 96.85% respectively. As shown in tables 9 and 10, according to 45d after pesticide application, pendimethalin, oxadiargyl and flumioxazin are mixed and treated to have relatively good control effects on wild oat, large crabgrass, purslane and xanthium sibiricum, the total weed control effect is above 88.46%, and the fresh weight control effect is above 89.14%.
TABLE 7 controlling effect of controlling weeds in garlic field by different treatments 15 days after the application (%)
TABLE 8 controlling effect of controlling weeds in garlic field in 30 days after application (%)
TABLE 9 controlling effect of weed in garlic field by 45d after the application (%)
TABLE 10 fresh weight control of weeds in Garlic field by 45d after application
TABLE 11 Effect of different treatments on succeeding crops
The results show that the test agents can well prevent and kill off the field weeds after the garlic is sowed in the garlic field and before the garlic is sowed in the garlic field, wherein 40 percent of pendimethalin, oxadiargyl and flumioxazin missible oil shows relatively good prevention effect. In the whole test process, garlic seedlings treated in each test are normal, and no obvious phytotoxicity symptom appears in the growth period.
Visual observation shows that the garlic seedlings treated in each test are normal in the whole test process, and no obvious symptoms appear in the growth period. As shown in Table 11, the treatment of pendimethalin, oxadiargyl and flumioxazin by mixing also shows safety to the cotton of the next crop, the rate of emergence of the cotton is more than 98 percent, and the adverse phenomena of slow growth, yellowing, withering, dehydration and the like do not occur in the whole growth period of the cotton.
Example 4 field efficacy test for controlling weeds in peanut fields with different agents
The test is arranged in an experimental base of Laixi city, Qingdao city, Shandong province, the soil texture of the test field is medium loam, the pH value is 6.8, the organic matter content is 1.4%, the crop to be tested is peanut, and the variety is Fenghua No. 2; dibbling peanuts with the row spacing of 20cm multiplied by 50cm in each hole, and 2 seeds are planted in each hole.
Test agents: 23% pendimethalin, oxadiargyl and flumioxazin dispersible oil suspending agent 600a.i g/hm2(treatment 1) 25% aqueous emulsion of pendimethalin, oxadiargyl and flumioxazin 600a.i g/hm2(treatment 2) 40% pendimethalin-oxadiargyl-flumioxazin emulsifiable concentrate 600a.i g/hm2(treatment 3), control agent: 720 g/L metolachlor missible oil 1080a.i.g/hm248% flumioxazin suspension 50a.i g/hm2Artificial weeding and blank control, 7 treatments in total, 4 replicates, and a cell area of 20m2Random block permutation. Applying the pesticide after the peanut is sowed, wherein the water adding amount is 450L/hm2。
The day of application is sunny, the relative humidity is 77%, and the temperature is 21-24 ℃. No abnormal climate affecting the test results throughout the test period.
The investigation method comprises the following steps: the field survey is carried out according to the GB/T17980.126-2004 requirement. Investigating peanut emergence rate 7 days after pesticide application, investigating plant control effect 20 days after pesticide application, investigating plant control effect and fresh weight control effect 40 days after pesticide application, and harvesting and measuring yield when the peanuts are mature.
The test results are processed by an SPSS data processing system, and the difference analysis adopts a Duncan's new negative range (DMRT) method.
The prevention effect calculation formula is as follows:
control effect (%) ([ number of control zone weed plants (fresh weight) — number of treatment zone weed plants (fresh weight) ]/number of control zone weed plants (fresh weight) × 100
The results show that after application, the control effects of 20 days, 23% of pendimethalin-oxadiargyl-flumioxazin dispersible oil suspending agent, 25% of pendimethalin-oxadiargyl-flumioxazin aqueous emulsion and 40% of pendimethalin-oxadiargyl-flumioxazin emulsifiable concentrate after application are respectively 89.82%, 86.91% and 90.18%, the three treatments have good sealing effect on peanut field weed soil, and the control effects of the plants are all more than 85%; after 40 days of pesticide application, the control effect of the total plants treated by each pesticide is over 80 percent, the better lasting effect is shown, and weeds in the sealed peanut field can be effectively inhibited; the fresh weight control effect of each agent treated 40 days after the pesticide is better than the plant control effect, the total fresh weight control effect of 40 percent pendimethalin, oxadiargyl and flumioxazin missible oil is 90.04 percent, and the pesticide has good control effect.
TABLE 12 controlling effect of the tested agents on weeds in peanut fields
The results of the tests show (see table 13): peanuts emerge 7d after the soil treatment of each test agent, and the emergence rate of peanuts in each cell is not significantly different from that of peanuts treated by artificial weeding; plant height survey 48% flumioxazin suspension has a plant height of 25.76cm, the peanut plant height is lower than that of artificial weeding treatment, leaves are slightly yellow and green, the plants are short and small, and the plant heights of the ternary mixing treatment of pendimethalin, oxadiargyl and flumioxazin are higher than that of artificial weeding treatment; the results of yield investigation show that the three processing yields of pendimethalin, oxadiargyl and flumioxazin through ternary mixing are higher than that of artificial weeding, and the yield increase rates are 0.66%, 1.75% and 1.13% respectively.
TABLE 13 evaluation of peanut safety with each test agent
The peanuts are in a film mulching cultivation mode, weeds grow under the film for a long time, the pesticide spraying prevention effect on the film is not good, the important heat preservation and moisture preservation effects of the film can be damaged by manual weeding and film uncovering pesticide spraying, and the loss is large. The artificial weeding has high cost and can greatly damage crop seedlings, so that the selection of a safe and efficient herbicide is important, and the weeding composition can effectively prevent and kill crop weeds. Chemical weeding is an effective means for preventing and controlling weeds, and the herbicide is widely applied to crop production, and research results show that the ternary mixing of pendimethalin, oxadiargyl and flumioxazin has better control effect than conventional single agents of metolachlor and flumioxazin, and can be used as a soil treatment agent for controlling weeds in peanut fields.
The results of indoor activity, indoor safety tests and field pesticide effect tests are integrated to show that pendimethalin, oxadiargyl and flumioxazin are mixed in a ternary mode to serve as a soil treatment agent, and field weeds can be well prevented and removed.
Claims (10)
1. A crop-safe herbicidal composition characterized by: the weeding composition comprises active ingredients of pendimethalin, oxadiargyl and flumioxazin.
2. A herbicidal composition according to claim 1, characterized in that: the weight ratio of the active ingredients of pendimethalin, oxadiargyl and flumioxazin is (1-80): 1-50, and preferably, the weight ratio of the active ingredients of pendimethalin, oxadiargyl and flumioxazin is (1-50): 1-20): 1-10.
3. A herbicidal composition according to claim 1, characterized in that: the sum of the weight of the active ingredients accounts for 1-80% of the total weeding composition;
preferably, the total weight of active ingredients in the herbicide compound accounts for 10-60% of the total herbicide composition.
4. A herbicidal composition according to any one of claims 1 to 3, characterized in that: the weeding composition contains auxiliary components of a pesticide preparation so as to prepare a preparation suitable for agriculture.
5. A herbicidal composition according to claim 4, characterized in that: the preparation comprises a solid preparation and a liquid preparation, wherein the solid preparation is powder, a tablet, a water dispersible granule or wettable powder; the liquid preparation is missible oil, aqueous emulsion, microemulsion, suspending agent, dispersible oil suspending agent and soluble agent;
preferably, the preparation is any one of dispersible oil suspending agent, missible oil and aqueous emulsion.
6. Use of the herbicidal composition according to any one of claims 1 to 5 for controlling unwanted vegetation.
7. Use of the herbicidal composition according to claim 6 for controlling unwanted vegetation, characterized in that: the growing field of the unwanted plants is the crop upland field.
8. Use of the herbicidal composition according to claim 7 for controlling unwanted vegetation, characterized in that: the crops comprise one or more of grain crops, cash crops, industrial raw material crops, feed crops and medicinal crops;
preferably, the crops are cash crops, including one or more of vegetable crops, oil crops and favorite crops;
more preferably, the vegetable crop is garlic and the oil crop is peanut.
9. Use of the herbicidal composition according to any one of claims 6 to 8 for controlling unwanted vegetation, characterized in that: the unwanted vegetation is grassy weeds and/or broadleaf weeds;
preferably, the grassy weeds are one or more of wild oat, large crabgrass and green bristlegrass; the broad-leaved weeds are one or more of shepherd's purse, purslane, xanthium sibiricum and cleavers.
10. A method of using a crop-safe herbicidal composition characterized in that the herbicidal composition is applied as a soil treatment to the locus of unwanted plant growth.
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